時間狀語從句_從屬連詞.doc

時間狀語從句一、引入環(huán)節(jié)（歌曲欣賞）You Raise Me UpWhen I am down and all my soul so wearyAnd troubles come and my heart burdened beThen I am still and waiting here in the silenceUntil you come and sit awhile with meYou raise me up so I can stand on mountainsYou raise me up to walk on stormy seasI am strong when I am on your shouldersYou raise me up to more than I can be歌詞分析：二、知識講解What is an Adverbial？英語句子的基本成分： 具體成分分析：主語：表示句子說的是什么人或什么事。 是一個句子所敘述的主體，一般位于句首。 但在there be結構、疑問句和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、 助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。 主語可由名詞、代詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和從句等表示。例句：We often speak English in class. Does smoking do harm to the health? 謂語：說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語之后。簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構成。 例句：He practices speaking English every morning.The plane took off at five thirty.復合謂語：由情態(tài)動詞加動詞原形構成。 例句：You can keep the book for two months. 由助動詞加動詞原形,現在分詞,過去分詞構成。 例句：They are helping with the cleanup. He has seen this movie twice. 注意：謂語與主語在人稱與數方面要保持一致。表語：用以說明主語的性質、特征、狀態(tài)與身份，它一般位于系動詞（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數詞、 副詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語及從句表示。 例句：My name is Lilia.The days are getting shorter and shorter.The story is very interesting.賓語：表示動作的對象或承受者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。與主語一樣，通常賓語都具備名詞性。 例句：He is doing his homework. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.賓語補足語：用于補充說明賓語的動作，一般位于賓語之后，賓語與賓語補足語一起構成復合賓語。需接復合賓語的動詞有：tell，let，help，teach， ask，see，have，order，make等?！百e補”一般可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當。 例句：They painted their boat white.My mother asked me to clean my room.定語：定語是用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質與特征的。 主要有形容詞此外還有名詞、代詞、數詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式、分詞、從句或相當于形容詞的詞、短語或句子都可以作定語。例句： The article about how to learn English helps us a lot.The lady in red is my mother. 狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語（Adverbial）。例句：He has lived in the city for ten years. Wait a minute.Once you begin, you must continue.狀語種類：1. In order to catch up with the train, we need to run. (目的狀語)2.Last night I didnt go to the movies because of the rain.(原因狀語)3. We shall go boating if it doesnt rain. (條件狀語)4.Mr. Smith lives on the third floor. (地點狀語)5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式狀語)6.She came in with flowers in her hand.(伴隨狀語)7. I am taller than he is. (比較狀語)8. He was so tired that he couldnt walk even one more step.(結果狀語)9. She got lost though she had a compass.(讓步狀語)10. I get up at six.(時間狀語)狀語從句定義：用一個句子充當狀語成分，那個句子就是狀語從句?；窘Y構：狀語從句的三個必須必須是句子；必須是陳述句；必須有連接詞 小測試：1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A. whenB. while C. until D. before2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. until C. while D. when3. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it.A. whereB. when C. that D. until4. (05福建) Did Jack come back early last night?Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.A. Before B. when C. that D. until5. (06遼寧) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A. whyB. where C. when D. while連接詞when的用法小結1. when可用來引導時間狀語從句，意為“當的時候”從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)的，也可以是短暫的。例句：When the film ended, they went back.When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2. when 常用于下列句式：意為“就在那時” 。例句：was doing somethingwhenwas about to dowhenwas on the point of doing sth. when3. when可以表“既然”。例句：How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?小測試:1. (06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest inBritain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A. since B. when C. as D. while 2. (04年江蘇) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actuallylike the person.A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless3. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal.A.When B.As C. While D Before4. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.(全國)A. so that B. although C. while D. as if連接詞while的用法小結 1.while可用來引導時間狀語，意為“當的時候”；引導的動作必須是持續(xù)性的。例句：Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對比。例句：Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.3. while也可用來引導讓步狀語，意為“盡管，雖然”；可表示盡管，相當于although。例句： While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4. 趁的情況趕緊做, 否則來不及了。例句：Strike while the iron is hot. 連接詞as的用法小結1.as可用來引導時間狀語，意為“一邊一邊”；隨著。 She sang as she walked home all the way. (一邊一邊） As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （隨著） 2.as也可用來引導原因狀語從句意為“因為”。 As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping. （因為） 3.as還可用來引導讓步狀語從句（通常用倒裝結構）意為“盡管”。 Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （盡管）Child as he is, he knows a lot.連接詞when, while, as的用法區(qū)別when, while, as這三個連詞都可表示“當的時候”，使用時應注意：1. when可表示一個時間點，也可表示一個時間段。例句：When he came in, we were having supper.When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out.2.while則只表示一個時間段。它所引導的時間狀語從句中的時態(tài)常用進行時態(tài)。例句： When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep.3. as則強調主句和從句的動作在同一時間進行;也可表示“隨著”。例句：She sang as she walked along.As the election approached, the violence（暴行） got worse. 小測試：1. (03北京春) Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A. after B. unless C. until D. when2. (03上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.A. when B. unless C. after D. until 3. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses_ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; that B. until; thatC. until; when D. when; thentill, until 和 notuntil 1.until/till從句用于肯定句時，主句的動詞是延續(xù)性動作，意為“某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止”。 例句：We waited until/till he came. 2用于否定句時，主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞，意為“某動作直到某時間才開始”。 例句：He wont go to bed until her father returns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。 例句：Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4notuntil句型中的強調和倒裝說法，例句： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.小測試：1. (03年北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.A. untilB. when C. before D. as2. (04福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. after C. before D. when3. (06四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?He rushed out of the room_ I could say a word.A. before B. until C. when D. after連接詞before的小結1. We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. “才” 2. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.“不到就” 3. Please write it down before you forget it.“趁” 4. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. “還沒來得及” 5.其他1）It will be/段時間before“還要過多久才”。 It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）It was +時間段+before 從句 （動作已發(fā)生）。It was three weeks before he came back.3）It will not be long before“不多久就會”。 It wont be long before she comes back.4）It was not long before“不多久就了”。It wasnt long before he left the country. 小測試：1. (01北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her.A. whileB. the momentC. suddenlyD. although2. (1998上海) I thought her nice and honest _ I met her.A. first time B. for the first timeC. the first time D. by the first time3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.A. He hardly had B. Had he hardlyC. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had 拓展部分：1一些詞，如the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan等也可引導時間狀語從句，相當于as soon as的意思。 例句：I came immediately you called me up.2一些含有time的名詞短語，如the first /second/last time, every time, each time, next time, by the time等，也可引導時間狀語從句。例句：The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous