虛擬語氣課件(經(jīng)典).ppt

SubjunctiveMood Wemetinthisroom DocometothemeetingnextFriday IfIwereyou Iwouldstudyhard 陳述語氣 祈使語氣 虛擬語氣 虛擬語氣 虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式 一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實 而是一種假設(shè) 猜測 愿望等 在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中 一是表示說話人的愿望 要求 命令 建議等 在賓語從句 主語從句 表語從句 同位語從句 虛擬語氣的概念 虛擬語氣的主要內(nèi)容 一 非真實條件句 if等 中的虛擬語氣時態(tài)一致2 錯綜時間的虛擬句3 if省略用倒裝句4 含蓄條件句5 Ifonly感嘆二 名詞性從句的虛擬語氣 賓語從句 主語從句 表語從句 同位語從句三 幾種特殊的虛擬語氣句式wish asif though wouldrather It stime It snecessary strange matural inportant that從句 1 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 2 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadethemistake 3 IfIhadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 4 Ifitrainedtomorrow wewouldnotgoshopping 1 IfIhad5000yuan Iwouldbuyacomputer 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 2 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 3 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake 4 Ifhehadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 與過去事實相反 一 虛擬語氣在條件句中 If 主語 動詞的過去式 動詞be用were 主語 should would might could 動詞原形 If 主語 had 過去分詞 主語 should would might could havedone 1 If 主語 動詞過去式2 If 主語 wereto 動詞原形3 If 主語 should 動詞原形 主語 should wouldmight could 動詞原形 小小順口溜虛擬語氣并不難 從句時態(tài)都提前 主句would加在前 注意動詞要還原 省略if要倒裝 e g 1 IfIwereinyourshoes Iwouldaccepttheterms 2 Ifwehadleftearlier wewouldn thavemissedthetrain 3 IwishIwereascleverasyou 1 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 2 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadethemistake 3 IfIhadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 4 Ifitrainedtomorrow wewouldnotgoshopping 5 Hewasshakingwithfrightasifhehadseenaghost a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworld war burst outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth were wouldtake burst wouldhappen PRACTICE1 Fillintheblanks Ifhe drive morecarefully he nothave thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad 2 錯綜時間的虛擬句通常情況下 在非真實條件句中主句和從句的謂語動詞所指時間是一致的 但有時也可能指不同的時間 這時要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語動詞形式 1 IfIwereyou Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice 從句指現(xiàn)在 主句指過去 2 IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning Iwouldnotbewetnow 從句指過去 主句指現(xiàn)在 虛擬語氣 3 省略if的條件從句當(dāng)從句中有were had或should時 可省略if 而把它們放在句首 IfIweretomeethimtomorrow Ishouldaskhimaboutit WereItomeethimtomorrow Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain Shouldhefailintheexperiment Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim 虛擬語氣在在條件從句中 Hadyoucomeafew 4 without butfor or和otherwise構(gòu)成虛擬 butfor要不是 or否則 含蓄條件句 1 Withoutsunlight therewouldbenolifeonourplanet 2 Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedthework 3 Iwasillthatday otherwise Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet 副詞 4 Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit 連詞 2 用于表示命令 建議 要求等一類詞后面的賓語從句 insist order command suggest advise propose require request demand desireetc Wesuggestedthatthemeeting should beputoff Theyinsistedthattheboy should gowiththem 注意 suggest當(dāng)表示 暗示 表明 講時 insist表示 堅持認為 之意時 應(yīng)用陳述語氣 Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney 他臉上的表情表明他對我們的工作很滿意 那個人堅持說他沒有偷錢 在suggestion proposal order plan advice idea request等名詞后的表語和同位語從句中要用 should 動詞原形 should可以省略 2 用于表語從句和同位語從句 Myideaisthatwe should thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit Mysuggestionthatwe should haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting should beputoff 二 名詞性從句的虛擬語氣 主要是表示命令 要求 建議的虛擬語氣 賓語從句 常見動詞 一個堅持 insist兩個命令 order command三個建議 advise suggest propose五個要求 demand require request desireask 這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法 即從句中的動詞使用should 動詞原形 或者將should省略 虛擬語氣在 在賓語從句中 注意 insist suggest各有兩意思 要用不同的語氣 表 堅決要求 虛擬 should do 表 堅稱 堅持說 陳述語氣 表事實 表 建議 虛擬 should do 表 表明 暗示 用陳述語氣 1 Theteachersuggestedthatwe moreafterclass 我們課后多練習(xí) 2 Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe happy3 Heinsistedthatallofus thereontimebyanymeans 我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒 4 Heinsistedthathe thewallet 沒有偷錢包 insist suggest should practise was shouldbe didn tsteal 我們建議Tom去休息一下 他堅決要求我到場 國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑 他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?WesuggestedthatTomhavearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句 表語從句和同位語從句也要使用虛擬語氣 從句中的動詞形式一樣 即 should V order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire It ssuggestedthattheplanMydemandisthatshetoseemeonceaweek Wearefortheadvicethatthefactorycloseddown becarriedout shouldcome shouldbe wish后面的賓語從句中 一般用虛擬語氣 表示一種不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望 其謂語動詞形式為 表現(xiàn)在過去時表過去過去完成時表將來would might could 動詞原形 Iwish that Iwereabird Iwish that Ihadseenthefilmlastnight Iwish that Iwould couldgo 三 虛擬語氣特殊句型 1 wish的賓語從句 現(xiàn)在 過去時 were 過去 過去完成時未來 would could might V should IwishIastallasyou were Iwisheverydaymybirthday were Iwish wishedIeatensomuchwatermelon 2 表示對過去情況的虛擬 從句動詞常用 had 過去分詞 hadn t Iwishitraintomorrow would Helooksasifhedrunk Theytalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears Shelovesthebabyasifitherownson Irememberedthewholethingasifityesterday were hadhappened hadbeen were 2 Asif though和wish用法相同 3 wouldrather that 現(xiàn)在 將來 過去 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 過去時 過去完成時 3 It s about high time that should V 過去時 我們該去睡覺了 It stimethatwe It stimethatwetobed Should不可省略 wenttobed shouldgo 4 Ifonly 要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIweretoseehimagain 要是我們的父母和我們住在一起就好了 要是我沒錯過火車就好了 Ifonlyourparentslivedwithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 虛擬語氣 Alan thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon A wouldhavemissedB hadmissedC wouldmissD missed2 Itwasthedrug notthedisease thatkilledtheboy Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe thatdrug A nottakeB hadn ttakenC didn ttakeD shouldn thavetaken Exercises 虛擬語氣 3 IfonlyI tomyparents ButIdidn t A listenedB hadlistenedC shouldlistenD wouldlisten4 TomsuggestedthatAnn thehouse A sellB soldC shallsellD wouldsell5 Iwishthisbus totheuniversity A goB wentC hasgoneD hadgone 虛擬語氣 9 HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing No butIwishI A haveB willC doD had10 Idon tthinkitistherighttimethatyou A willgoB wentC goD mustgo11 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken 1 Ifmyfather herenow he tellmewhattodo A were wouldBwere willCis wouldDwas will2 IfI abee I workmuchharder Awere wou