1_歷年真題及范文.doc

2006Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer, once said, We decide what is important and what is trivial in life. We decide (so) that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how different the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about. Do you agree or disagree with him? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled: AmbitionIn the first part of your essay you should state clearly your opinion in response to Epsteins view, and in the second part you should support your opinion with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.審題指導(dǎo)： 從文章標(biāo)題“Ambition”來(lái)分析，這是一篇重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)作者應(yīng)如何理解“Ambition”的闡述性說(shuō)明文。我們從試卷提出的幾點(diǎn)要求分析，會(huì)更清楚地看出這一點(diǎn)，比如：試卷要求考生在第一段闡明對(duì)Epstein所提觀點(diǎn)的理解，要求考生在第二段舉例支持自己的觀點(diǎn)。在第三段考生應(yīng)歸納總結(jié)在前兩段所述觀點(diǎn)，使其前后一致，圓滿結(jié)束全文。Sample 1Ambition is an eager and strong desire to achieve something, and the firm determination to carry out ones decisions. It provides people with the inner motivating force to make great success in life. Just as the famous American writer Joseph Epstein, said, “And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed.” In fact, once we make up our minds to choose to do something, we will have a definite direction in our life. As far as I am concerned, this is the essence of the life, which is applicable to every aspect of our daily life.On the one hand, ambition may provide people with the sense of responsibility. No matter what decision you make, you have to be responsible for your choice. Your choice procures you a sense of orientation, or more specially a sense of responsibility. And only a strong sense of responsibility may enable one to accomplish great success. Caesar of the ancient Roman Empire was urged by his ambition “I came, I saw, I conquered”, and became an unrivaled empire builder in the history of Rome. Premier Zhou Enlai, always stimulated by his ambition of “striving for the flourishing of China”, made great contribution to the cause of building a stronger China and became one of the greatest leaders in the history of China.On the other hand, ambition may inspire peoples potentials to the utmost extent. Without ambition the potentials will remain slumbering like a dormant volcano. A case in point is Ms. Zhang Haidi, a Chinese Helen Keller. It is her ambition to be a useful person that has turned the almost paralyzed Zhang Haidi into a well-accomplished figure whose achievements would dwarf those of some normal people.Since it has a strong influence upon people, ambition must be directed in the right decision. If wrongly directed, ambition may bring havoc on him and others. The notorious Hitler, whose ambition was to conquer Europe by whatever evil means, finally turned himself into a devil, which almost destroyed the whole Europe.All in all, if ambition is wisely and correctly directed, it may benefit people enormously; otherwise, it may ruin others and ourselves. In my point of view, as long as one is motivated by a well-directed ambition, one may make success in his life and may live a beautiful, meaningful, and rewarding life.評(píng)析本文開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山給出了ambition的定義，提出全文論點(diǎn) “It provides people with inner motivating force to make great success in life”，并引用Joseph Epstein的話語(yǔ)進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。在第二段中，作者從兩個(gè)方面對(duì)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論證。一方面，雄心可以使人具有強(qiáng)烈責(zé)任感；另一方面，雄心可以使人的潛能發(fā)揮到極致；在論述觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，分別舉例Caesar, Zhou Enlai, Zhang Haidi做正面論述，然后舉例Hitler進(jìn)行反面論證，正反例證結(jié)合，論證充分有力，說(shuō)服力強(qiáng)。文章最后一段總結(jié)全文，重申主題，指出只要雄心朝著正確方向發(fā)展，對(duì)美好的人生有著巨大的促進(jìn)作用。Sample 2Ambition is the decision one makes and the resolution with which he carries out that decision. It provides us with the required driving force to accomplish any undertakings in our life. Just as Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer put it, “And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed.” Indeed, once we make up our minds to choose to do something, then our life becomes meaningful and specifically orientated. This notion of life, as far as I observe, is closest to truth and does apply to almost all aspects of life. First things first, ambition renders us a sense of mission. No matter what decision you make you have to be responsible for your choice. Your choice procures you a sense of orientation, or more specially a sense of mission. And only a strong mission may enable one to accomplish greatness. Caesar of the ancient Roman Empire was urged by his ambition “I came, I saw, I conquered.” And became an unrivaled empire builder in the history of Rome. John Milton, stimulated always by his ambition that aimed at writing some “mighty lines” which England would unwillingly forget, had in due time secured his position as the second Shakespeare in the history of English literature. In the second place, ambition can bring ones potentials to the full. Ambition may well serve as a catalyst activating ones dormant potentials. Without ambition ones potentials will remain slumbering like a dormant volcano. A case in point is Ms Zhang Haidi, a Chinese Helen Keller. It was her ambition to be a useful person has turned the almost paralyzed Zhang Haidi into a well-accomplished figure whose achievements would dwarf those of some normal people aim at the sun, though, at worst, they may probably land on the moon. Influential as it is upon us, however, ambition must be channeled in the right direction. If wrongly directed, ones ambition may bring havoc on him and others. Hitler, whose ambition was to conquer Europe by whatever evil means, finally turned him into a demon. It was this demon that almost cast Europe into an unfathomable abyss of anguish and suffering. Another case is Macbeth whose ambition was to become the king of Scotland. However, his ambition was materialized by the murder of King Duncan. Consequently, unbearable guilt and psychological agony drove him to his tragic doom. To sum up, ambition can benefit us tremendously if wisely and correctly channeled, otherwise it may ruin others and ourselves. A poet says: life can be bad; life can be good; life can be dirty; life can be sad,; life can even be painful. In my minds eye, a person can make his life beautiful, meaningful and rewarding and stand out as a respectable personage if he is motivated by a well-orientated ambition.評(píng)析本文觀點(diǎn)明確，條理性較強(qiáng)，符合試卷中對(duì)三段具體寫作內(nèi)容的要求，行文通順流暢。如在第一段，作者直接切入主題，論述了“雄心壯志是一個(gè)人所作決定并為此而決心執(zhí)行之?！?Ambition is the decision one makes and the resolution with which he carries out that decision)并引用Joseph Epstein的語(yǔ)錄，用以佐證。作者首先肯定了Joseph Epstein的觀點(diǎn)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上有所發(fā)展。本參考范文的閃光點(diǎn)主要在第二段：作者列舉了幾個(gè)生動(dòng)典型的例子，外國(guó)古代有成就的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人如古羅馬帝國(guó)的凱撒，外國(guó)近代著名文學(xué)家如約翰彌爾頓，中國(guó)當(dāng)代女中豪杰身殘志堅(jiān)的張海迪，這些都是正面的榜樣，范文中還舉了野心極度膨脹的反面典型如希特勒。這些例子能很好地支持作者的觀點(diǎn)，使其更有說(shuō)服力。參考范文在第三段按照要求，對(duì)全文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行內(nèi)容概括性地總結(jié)和歸納，形成一個(gè)內(nèi)容與形式較完美結(jié)合的優(yōu)秀短篇作文。2005Interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees. As a result, there have been many arguments for or against the interview as a selection procedure. What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view.In the first part of your writing you should state your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.Sample 1 Should We Be For or Against an Interview?With the approaching of graduation, many university students will have to face the problem about how to find a satisfying job. Some will try to make a fine-looking resume; however, some will worry about a series of interviews. Many students complain about the disadvantages about interviews, such as unfair competition due to personal relationship or unnecessary great expenditure on expensive dresses. Of course there are some truths about these complaints. Nevertheless, with regard to the future development for both companies and job-hunters, advantages will outweigh disadvantages during a job interview.First of all, a job interview will help both an interviewer and an interviewee know each other. Many people do not think highly of the first impression. They usually think that a beauty or a handsome boy will have more opportunities to get a job than an ordinary-looking girl or boy. As a matter of fact, a promising company will put more emphasis on an interviewees inner quality than on face. An interview will get the interviewer to know whether one is suitable for the position he applied for or not and help one to position himself according to his own abilities. Second, instead of muffling an interviewees abilities, a job interview will bring out the interviewees potentials. The interviewee will learn how to deal with some sudden incidents. After all there are still some distances between practical life and book knowledge. The interviewee will learn the importance of cooperation with others or initiative. An interview usually provides the job-hunters a chance to talk about his or her opinions about a problem. A job-hunter who shows originality often gets more appreciation. Under different circumstances, an interviewee can put different abilities into full play. Even if one fails this interview, he will get more confident for the next one.Third, as to the interview, an interview will help him find a true talent. A true talent does not mean how much knowledge one may have. A friend once told me such a story. One day, when he went for an interview with a big company, the interviewer asked him to sit down as he went into a room. However, there was no chair in front of him. After hesitating for a second, he brought a chair beside the door to the front. Out of his expectation, despite his failure to answer several questions, he got the position. He later knew that he was the only person finding a chair to sit down.Obviously, an interview benefits both the job-hunter and interviewer. If one fails an interview, do not blame too much on others. Try to learn from every interview and one will have more opportunities to stand out and get the job he wants.評(píng)析本文在一開(kāi)篇就通過(guò)引用一些學(xué)生對(duì)面試的評(píng)價(jià)引出了對(duì)面試的觀點(diǎn)，即“with regard to the future development for both companies and job-hunters, advantages will outweigh disadvantages during a job interview”.在第二段中，作者從三方面論述了此觀點(diǎn)。首先說(shuō)“a job interview will help both an interviewer and an interviewee know each other.” 即工作面試有利于面試雙方相互的了解而使他們對(duì)彼此的印象不止停留在第一印象上；下面兩點(diǎn)則從面試對(duì)面試官的好處和面試對(duì)面試者的好處兩方面來(lái)論證本文的觀點(diǎn)。面試本身就涉及了面試官和面試者兩個(gè)因素，從這連個(gè)因素下手，論證充分，很有說(shuō)服力。值得提出的一點(diǎn)是，在論證面試對(duì)面試者的益處時(shí)，還舉了一個(gè)關(guān)于面試的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)，生動(dòng)而增強(qiáng)了說(shuō)服力。在文章結(jié)尾處，總結(jié)了觀點(diǎn)，也給那些因?yàn)闆](méi)有成功就對(duì)面試產(chǎn)生偏見(jiàn)的人提出了建議。Sample 2 Interview An Effective Way to Recruit EmployeesNowadays, interview is frequently used by employers as one of the preferable means to recruit prospective employees. As a result, there have been many arguments for or against it as a selection procedure. Some people regard it as a good way to select employees in a short time while others think it not proper to decide on a person just by the simple means of interview. Both of them have some truth. But in my opinion, it is an efficient way to recruit a prospective employee.First of all, interview serves as an efficient way to examine if a person has the qualities that are needed for modern competition or for a certain company. In interview, one needs to present the best part of oneself to the interviewers. If the interviewee is well prepared and has a knowledgeable mind, he or she should show it plainly to the interviewers. The key point for the interviewee on this occasion is to be quick-minded and resourceful. Certainly one will come across some tough questions from the interviewers. What the latter expects is a witty even humorous answer. What is more, in an interview, facing a group of interviewers, who will make a decision on the interviewees fate, the interviewee has to remain calm which is an essential quality for modern competition.Secondly, interview embodies fairness the principle of modern society. During an interview, all interviewees will face the same condition, such as the same place, the same time; they will face the same interviewers and questions of similar difficulties. The outstanding candidate has to surpass all the other interviewees in answering all sorts of questions and it mainly depends on his or her own ability. And the judgment is not made by one interviewer but usually by a group of interviewers, which is more objective and democratic.Thirdly, interview offers a broader scope of selection for both the interviewers and interviewees. A company that needs to recruit employees can hold a big interview to select their most ideal employees they expect from many applicants. The interviewees on the other hand, can attend several interviews to find the most appropriate companies in which they wish to work and develop. Thus interview is really an important bridge in the process of job hunting.To sum up, interview has many advantages to cater for modern society. Thanks to the interview, both companies and interviewees can make their best choices.2004It was reported in the press some time ago that a few second-and third-year students in a provincial university decided to try their hands at business in order to get prepared for the future. They opened six small shops near their university. Their teachers and classmates had different opinions about this phenomenon. Some thought that the students business experience would help them adapt better to society after graduation, while others held a negative view, saying that running shops might occupy too much of the students time and energy which should otherwise be devoted to their academic study. What do you think? Write a composition of about 300 words on the following topic:Should University Students Go in for Business?In the first part of your writing you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should brig what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Sample 1Should University Students Go in for BusinessNowadays, you may encounter students who are selling stationery or newspapers when you are walking on campus. Some of them have even opened different types of small shops. They assume that in this way they may accumulate some social experiences and get well prepared for their future jobs. However, they can hardly achieve that purpose. Whats even worse is that they will waste a lot of time they could have used for study. Therefore, in my opinion, university students should not go in for business because of the following two reasons.Firstly, university students usually have a heavy task of theoretical study. They have a lot of courses to take, a pile of books to read, and all types of homework to finish. These tasks are essential for them to build up a profound and theoretical foundation. After all, university era is the best time when a student can learn theoretical knowledge. They have many years to practice it later, but if they miss the chance to master it systematically, they will certainly regret wasting their best years. Doing business will take them too much time when they can spend on physical exercises, on books and on activities which will make them better people in the future. No matter whether the business turns out successful or ends up a failure, it will eventually distract students from their academic study. So in the end the students will lose much more than what they earn.Secondly, a complete social service network has been established on campus, and the students usually have no chance to compete with the supermarkets which offered much better service and commodities of high quality. These supermarkets sell goods ranging from pens, paper to quilts, from biscuits to cooked meals. You can almost buy whatever you will use in daily life there. Besides, these things are usually cheap. What type of shops the students can run? Most of them do the same business as the supermarkets. What type of goods they offer? Nothing better than those in the supermarkets. As a result, the business run by the students usually end in bankruptcy. Except bitter experiences, they earn nothing. In sum, if university students go in for business, they will inevitably lose not only energy but also time. Therefore, the school authority should forbid the students to run business, and teachers should try their best to persuade the students not to take the risk so early.Sample 2Should University Students Go in for BusinessIt has become a more and more prevalent phenomenon that university students spend part of their college life in doing part-time jobs. Some pick up jobs related to their major for acquiring practical training as well as valuable experiences; while others go in for business and open their own shops aiming at getting prepared for the future. In my opinion, it would be considerable to devote to some part-time jobs related to ones major rather than be occupied with business mainly for profit during their college life.As far as I am concerned, sunning business attracts students for the following reasons: first, it provides an important access to the information about the society; second, it brings a lot of financial profit the students who intend to