計算機(jī)專業(yè)外文翻譯+原文-ASP語言知識介紹.doc

畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計（論 文） 英 文 翻 譯 學(xué) 院： 信息技術(shù)學(xué)院 專 業(yè)： 計算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù) 學(xué)生姓名: 王佩 學(xué) 號: 0506120502 題 目： 基于Web的網(wǎng)絡(luò)商品銷售系統(tǒng) 指 導(dǎo) 教 師: 張 漪 日期: 2009年 2月 27 日（中文文獻(xiàn)）MicrosoftActiveServerPages即我們所稱的ASP，其實(shí)是一套微軟開發(fā)的服務(wù)器端腳本環(huán)境，ASP內(nèi)含于IIS3.0和4.0之中,通過ASP我們可以結(jié)合HTML網(wǎng)頁、ASP指令和ActiveX元件建立動態(tài)、交互且高效的WEB服務(wù)器應(yīng)用程序。有了ASP你就不必?fù)?dān)心客戶的瀏覽器是否能運(yùn)行你所編寫的代碼，因?yàn)樗械某绦蚨紝⒃诜?wù)器端執(zhí)行，包括所有嵌在普通HTML中的腳本程序。當(dāng)程序執(zhí)行完畢后，服務(wù)器僅將執(zhí)行的結(jié)果返回給客戶瀏覽器，這樣也就減輕了客戶端瀏覽器的負(fù)擔(dān)，大大提高了交互的速度。以下羅列了ActiveServerPages所獨(dú)具的一些特點(diǎn)：1.使用VBScript簡單易懂的腳本語言，結(jié)合HTML代碼，即可快速地完成網(wǎng)站的應(yīng)用程序。2.無須compile編譯，容易編寫，可在服務(wù)器端直接執(zhí)行。3.使用普通的文本編輯器，如Windows的記事本，即可進(jìn)行編輯設(shè)計。4.與瀏覽器無關(guān)(BrowserIndependence),用戶端只要使用可執(zhí)行HTML碼的瀏覽器，即可瀏覽ActiveServerPages所設(shè)計的網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容。ActiveServerPages所使用的腳本語言(VBScript、Jscript)均在WEB服務(wù)器端執(zhí)行，用戶端的瀏覽器不需要能夠執(zhí)行這些腳本語言。5.ActiveServerPages能與任何ActiveXscripting語言相容。除了可使用VBScript或JScript語言來設(shè)計外，還通過plug-in的方式，使用由第三方所提供的其他腳本語言，譬如REXX、Perl、Tcl等。腳本引擎是處理腳本程序的COM(ComponentObjectModel)物件。6.ActiveServerPages的源程序，不會被傳到客戶瀏覽器，因而可以避免所寫的源程序被他人剽竊，也提高了程序的安全性。7.可使用服務(wù)器端的腳本來產(chǎn)生客戶端的腳本。8.物件導(dǎo)向（Object-oriented）。9.ActiveXServerComponents(ActiveX服務(wù)器元件)具有無限可擴(kuò)充性?？梢允褂肰isualBasic、Java、VisualC+、COBOL等編程語言來編寫你所需要的ActiveXServerComponent。ASP的奇妙之處真是不勝枚舉，下面就請各位系好安全帶，我將帶領(lǐng)大家進(jìn)入ASP的夢幻世界。ASP運(yùn)行環(huán)境：MicrosoftInternetInformationServerversion3.0/4.0onWindowsNTServerMicrosoftPeerWebServicesVersion3.0onWindowsNTWorkstationMicrosoftPersonalWebServeronWindows95/98正如前文所述，與一般的程序不同，.asp程序無須編譯，ASP程序的控制部份，是使用VBScript、JScript等腳本語言來設(shè)計的，當(dāng)執(zhí)行ASP程序時，腳本程序?qū)⒁徽酌畎l(fā)送給腳本解釋器(即腳本引擎)，由腳本解釋器進(jìn)行翻譯并將其轉(zhuǎn)換成服務(wù)器所能執(zhí)行的命令。當(dāng)然，同其他編程語言一樣，ASP程序的編寫也遵循一定的規(guī)則，如果你想使用你所喜愛的腳本語言編寫ASP程序，那么你的服務(wù)器上必須要有能解釋這種腳本語言的腳本解釋器。當(dāng)你安裝ASP時，系統(tǒng)提供了兩種腳本語言：VBsrcipt和JScript，而VBscript則被作為系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的腳本語言。你也可以根據(jù)自己的喜好改變系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的腳本語言。ASP本身并不是一種腳本語言，它只是提供了一種使鑲嵌在HTML頁面中的腳本程序得以運(yùn)行的環(huán)境。但是，要學(xué)好ASP又必須掌握它的語法和規(guī)則?，F(xiàn)在就讓我們開始一步一步地認(rèn)識并學(xué)習(xí)ActiveServerPages。ASP程序其實(shí)是以擴(kuò)展名為.asp的純文本形式存在于WEB服務(wù)器上的，你可以用任何文本編輯器打開它，ASP程序中可以包含純文本、HTML標(biāo)記以及腳本命令。你只需將.asp程序放在WEB服務(wù)器的虛擬目錄下（該目錄必須要有可執(zhí)行權(quán)限），就可以通過WWW的方式訪問ASP程序了。要學(xué)好ASP程序的設(shè)計，必須掌握腳本的編寫，那么究竟什么是腳本呢？其實(shí)腳本是由一系列的腳本命令所組成的，如同一般的程序，腳本可以將一個值賦給一個變量，可以命令WEB服務(wù)器發(fā)送一個值到客戶瀏覽器，還可以將一系列命令定義成一個過程。要編寫腳本，你必須要熟悉至少一門腳本語言，如VBScript。腳本語言是一種介乎于HTML和諸如JAVA、VisualBasic、C+等編程語言之間的一種特殊的語言，盡管它更接近后者，但它卻不具有編程語言復(fù)雜、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)恼Z法和規(guī)則。如前所述ASP所提供的腳本運(yùn)行環(huán)境可支持多種腳本語言，譬如：JScript、REXX、PERL等等，這無疑給ASP程序設(shè)計者提供了廣泛的發(fā)揮余地。ASP的出現(xiàn)使得廣大WEB設(shè)計者不必在為客戶瀏覽器是否支持而擔(dān)心，實(shí)際上就算你在同一個.asp文件中使用不同的腳本語言，你都無須為此擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)樗械囊磺卸紝⒃诜?wù)器端進(jìn)行，客戶瀏覽器得到的只是一個程序執(zhí)行的結(jié)果，而你也只需在.asp中聲明使用不同的腳本語言即可。下面是一個典型的在同一.asp文件中使用兩種腳本語言的例子：SubCallmeResponse.WriteCallMeEndSubfunctionViewDate()varxx=newDate()Response.Write(x.toString()這是各位在本文中接觸的第一個真正的ASP程序，千萬不要被“”符號搞糊涂，這其實(shí)是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的ASP定界符，而“”之間的就是腳本語言。ASP不同于腳本語言，它有自己特定的語法，所有的ASP命令都必須包含在之內(nèi)，如：，ASP通過包含在中的表達(dá)式將執(zhí)行結(jié)果輸出到客戶瀏覽器,如：就是將前面賦給變量test的值English發(fā)送到客戶瀏覽器中，而當(dāng)變量test的值為Mathematics時,以下程序：Thisweekendwewilltest.在客戶瀏覽器中則顯示為：ThisweekendwewilltestMathematics.學(xué)習(xí)ASP最好的方法莫過于親自動手編寫，為了在最短的時間內(nèi)使各位掌握ASP的程序設(shè)計技巧，本文將采取實(shí)例分析法，通過一系列的實(shí)例讓各位在實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)ASP。建立一個ASP頁面，你所需的只是打開一個文本編輯器，如：Notepad，然后跟我開始動手編寫第一個ASP程序。下面我們將建立一個自動監(jiān)測瀏覽時間并根據(jù)不同時段動態(tài)顯示不同頁面內(nèi)容的ASP程序，請將以下代碼剪貼到你的文本編輯器中,并存為test1.asp：%IfTime=#00:00:00#Then%早上好，今天天氣不賴啊!%ElseIfTime=#12:00:00#Then%下午好!哈嘍!今晚你有沒有去IRC聊天!將test1.asp保存在WEB服務(wù)器的虛擬目錄(如：aspsamp/)下，并在瀏覽器中用HTTP的方式進(jìn)行瀏覽：http:/yourcomputername/aspsamp/test1.asp，你將會新奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)，你的頁面真的活起來了。雖然，這只是一個非常簡單的實(shí)例，而且這一功能完全可以通過JavaScript完成，但是不難發(fā)現(xiàn)使用ASP要比JavaScript簡潔、迅速得多，而且運(yùn)用此法，你完全可以輕而易舉地令你的網(wǎng)頁在不同的時段展示不同的風(fēng)格。此例中的“Time”實(shí)際上是一個VBScript內(nèi)置的顯示系統(tǒng)當(dāng)前時間的函數(shù)，由于系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)的腳本語言是VBScript，因此當(dāng)你在ASP命令中調(diào)用該函數(shù)時，腳本引擎會自動將其轉(zhuǎn)換成當(dāng)前的系統(tǒng)時間。接下來我們將給test1.asp添加一點(diǎn)色彩，在標(biāo)識中添加“bgcolor=”即變?yōu)閎odybgcolor=，并在標(biāo)記前添加如下語句：%IfTime=#00:00:00#Thenbgc=silverElseIfTime=#12:00:00#Thenbgc=navyElsebgc=redEndIf%如此一來，當(dāng)用戶在不同的時段訪問你的頁面時，他們將會看到不同的頁面背景色。我們可以做的事情還有很多，譬如你想知道在凌晨至十二點(diǎn)之間瀏覽你頁面的客戶的姓名，并向他或她問好，那么下面的這段程序?qū)⒛苤氵_(dá)成心愿。首先你需要在頁面中設(shè)置表單，將以下HTML代碼剪貼到“%IfTime=#00:00:00#Then%”之后：歡迎光臨我的主頁，請?zhí)顚懸韵滦畔?FirstName:LastName:Title:Mr.Ms.然后在以上HTML代碼后面添加如下ASP命令：歡迎您Mr.。歡迎您Ms.。歡迎您。保存文件test1.asp，并在瀏覽器中以HTTP方式進(jìn)行瀏覽，如果此時的系統(tǒng)時間在凌晨0:00:00和中午12:00:00之間的話，瀏覽器將顯示如下畫面：這其實(shí)是一個在Internet和Intranet上常見的功能，即當(dāng)用戶在瀏覽器端填寫完表單后，通過調(diào)用一個通用網(wǎng)關(guān)程序?qū)⒂脩魯?shù)據(jù)傳送到服務(wù)器，由服務(wù)器進(jìn)行處理后再將結(jié)果返還給客戶瀏覽器。過去為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這樣的功能必須編寫一個獨(dú)立于HTML之外的CGI程序，并通過HTML進(jìn)行調(diào)用，撇開CGI編寫復(fù)雜等缺點(diǎn)不談，CGI的執(zhí)行效率也是一個大問題，每一個表單(form)均須執(zhí)行一個可執(zhí)行文檔，當(dāng)多人同時上線使用時，多個文檔同時執(zhí)行，將大大降低WEB服務(wù)器的執(zhí)行速度，如今ASP提供了與HTML完全相融的編程環(huán)境，顯然要比使用CGI便捷得多。在本期的最后讓我們再來看看ASP的循環(huán)功能，譬如你希望當(dāng)客戶在晚間7:00至凌晨0:00:00瀏覽你的頁面時，在頁面中央顯示6個笑臉表示問候，那么你只需要將以下命令剪貼到“GoodEvening!”后面即可：這是一個最最基本的循環(huán)語句，它將一個笑臉圖片重復(fù)調(diào)用六次并顯示在頁面上。當(dāng)然此例的效果完全可以用HTML做到，但是不難發(fā)現(xiàn)使用ASP大大縮短了代碼的重復(fù)編寫，使得程序具有良好的可閱讀性。另外，當(dāng)你制作一個諸如根據(jù)用戶投票來給所評測的對象評定星級的評測站點(diǎn)時，使用此法，你就完全不需要為每一個星級制作一幅圖片。如果一個對象被評為4星級，那只需將一顆星的圖片循環(huán)顯示4次，類推即可。-摘自ASP語言知識介紹 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