各校考博英語(yǔ)翻譯.doc

北理工05翻譯A. Translate the following two short paragraphs into Chinese.(10 points)1. We do not make mistakes on the basis of race or color. We don not make them because we are male or female, young or old. We do no make mistakes of choice or judgments because we want to make mistakes. We make them because we are human. Mistakes, bad judgments, the stupid things we do are all a part of being human. We cannot hide from who we are. We should not hide from what we do. When we acknowledge our mistakes or errors and face up to our human shortcomings, no one can use them against us.2. We are first and foremost responsible to and for ourselves. We can help other people. We can assist other people. What we cannot do is make what we do for others or others do for us more important than what we do for ourselves. When we find something or someone creating in our lives something we don not want, we must muster the courage and strength to tell them to stop it. When we do, we preserve our sense of self.B. Translate the following two paragraphs into English.(20 points)幾年前我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)非常聰明但任性的中國(guó)青年，他急切地想去美國(guó)讀大學(xué)，但又沒(méi)有被他申請(qǐng)的長(zhǎng)春藤合會(huì)名牌大學(xué)錄取。所幸的是，一所在美國(guó)人，特別是受過(guò)高等教育的美國(guó)人當(dāng)中享有盛譽(yù)的規(guī)模較小的文科大學(xué)向他提供了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，但這所大學(xué)在中國(guó)幾乎不為人所知。凡是聽(tīng)我說(shuō)起他的情況的美國(guó)人都覺(jué)得他真該高興，然而，這位年輕人卻被憂慮所困擾。這所大學(xué)的名次在他所咨詢(xún)的排行榜上并不靠前，他的同學(xué)全然不知道這所學(xué)校，因此同學(xué)們的祝賀就不那么熱烈了。難道這一“成功”真是個(gè)失??？他是不是該留在北京上那所錄取了他的尖子大學(xué)？或者是他到了美國(guó)就轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)到一所他認(rèn)為原本應(yīng)該接受他的名牌大學(xué)去？當(dāng)啟程的時(shí)間到來(lái)時(shí)，他是那么拿不定注意，乃至向朋友表示遺憾。這是個(gè)名次多么有害的例子。要想知道什么意味著最好的大學(xué)顯然是不可能的，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)都與別人不同；即使他們都同意某一個(gè)特定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，他們對(duì)一個(gè)學(xué)校的估價(jià)也往往反映出信息的不完整和個(gè)人的不同看法等問(wèn)題。我也許特別關(guān)注圖書(shū)館的質(zhì)量，你可能強(qiáng)調(diào)計(jì)算機(jī)的使用方便程度，另一個(gè)人可能覺(jué)得圖書(shū)館與計(jì)算機(jī)都不如師生的交往重要，這又該如何確定呢？北理工06翻譯Section A: Translate the following short paragraphs into Chinese (20 points)21. Everyone has something they are ashamed of, afraid of or that they feel guilty about. Each of us, in our own way, has devised a neat little method of handling our dark side. We may know how to hide it. Few of us know how to heal it. When we refuse to admit what we have done in the past, we block our path to the future. No matter how terrible we think we are, how bad we believe we have been, how low we think we have fallen, we can clean our minds and begin again.22. We expected so much energy trying to fix who we are; we rarely get to know ourselves. If we realized how precious the gist of life is, we would not waste a moment trying to improve it. If we really understood how precious we are to the gift of life, we would not waste time trying to fix ourselves.23. We cannot draw to use more than believe we are worth. Everything that happens to use and every choice we make is a reflection of what we believe about who we are. Our inspiration comes from our self-acceptance. Our motivation comes from our self-reliance. When we accept ourselves and rely on ourselves, we feel good about ourselves. When you feel good about something, you believe in it. When you believe in it, it will work for you!24. It is of little consequence what your past has been. What matters to you and for you is right now. It is no your concern what others may be saying or doing. When you are taking care of yourself, you have very little time pay attention to others. People can love you or hate you, ignore you or dote on your every word. No matter what anyone else may think or do or say, it has very little impact on who you really are. It is only in your mind that you build or destroy the esteem for your “self”. Self-esteem begins and ends with you, the self. When you have it, you have it and no one can take it away from you.Section B Translate the following paragraph into English. (20points) 現(xiàn)在，成千上萬(wàn)的美國(guó)人沉溺于對(duì)身材苗條的追求之中。他們著迷于節(jié)食和鍛煉，這不僅僅是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)年輕外表的追求。最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明節(jié)食和體育鍛煉對(duì)身體健康的極端重要性。如同在許多工業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家中一樣，北美人的生活方式發(fā)生了顯著的變化。現(xiàn)代化的機(jī)器完成了人們?cè)黄扔檬止?lái)完成的體力勞動(dòng)。小汽車(chē)、公共汽車(chē)運(yùn)載著我們飛快地從一地來(lái)到另一地。由于無(wú)所事事，人們的身體變得虛弱并易于生病。為了避免這種狀況的發(fā)生，成千上萬(wàn)的美國(guó)人把更多的時(shí)間投入到體育鍛煉之中。這種對(duì)體育鍛煉重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果是顯而易見(jiàn)的：公園里到處是散步和騎自行車(chē)的人，體育節(jié)目中有重新樹(shù)立了威望，許多公司都為自己的員工提供了特殊的運(yùn)動(dòng)器材供他們?cè)诠ぷ魅债?dāng)中鍛煉身體。北理工07翻譯Section A: Translate the following short paragraphs into Chinese(20points)21.Love is of three varieties: unselfish, mutual and ordinary or selfish. Unselfish love is of the highest kind. Here, the one who loves seeks only the welfare of the beloved and does not care whether he suffers pains and hardships thereby. The second kind of love is mutual love in which the one who loves desires not only the happiness of his beloved, but has an eye to his own happiness also. Selfish love is the lowest. It makes a man care only for his own happiness without having any regard for the feeling of the beloved.22.Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces, and each of us must choose which we want to shape our outlook and our expectations. There is enough good and bad in everyones life ample sorrow and happiness, sufficient joy and pain to find a rational ,basis for either optimism or pessimism. We can choose to laugh or cry, bless or curse. Its our decision: From which perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in hope or down in despair? I believe in the upward look. I choose to highlight the positive and slip fight over the negative. I am an optimist by choice as much as by nature.23.Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a mater of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life. Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite, of adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals. Years may wrinkle the skin. But to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.24.All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with inherent and unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government; .Section B: Translate the following paragraph into English. (20points)每個(gè)人一生中都該有個(gè)志向， 否則他的精力便會(huì)浪費(fèi)掉。每個(gè)青年人都力求成為一個(gè)有成就的人物。一個(gè)青年人只期望富有是不明智的，或只專(zhuān)心予求得權(quán)利與名望也是不對(duì)的。一個(gè)青年人希望做個(gè)有成就者，結(jié)果常常會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。狄斯拉里(Disraeli)的故事是個(gè)例證。狄斯拉里開(kāi)始過(guò)公眾生活時(shí)渴望能成為一個(gè)學(xué)者及演說(shuō)家。他在文學(xué)方面的成就比演說(shuō)方面更為成功。起初他作為一個(gè)演說(shuō)家時(shí)是完全失敗的。不過(guò)，他認(rèn)為有把 握克服障礙，遂以不屈不撓的精神致力于這個(gè)目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。他的一些朋友認(rèn)為他這個(gè)念頭是蠢的，甚至是古怪的，但他堅(jiān)持目標(biāo)不舍，最后終于成功，成為英國(guó)曾經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的最有豐富知識(shí)的學(xué)者與最雄辯的演說(shuō)家之一。這個(gè)故事并不是引來(lái)說(shuō)明：只是大學(xué)者或演說(shuō)家，或二者兼而有之者才是有成就的人物。除了做學(xué)者或演說(shuō)家之外，還有許多同樣 高尚與可敬的事業(yè)哩。它只是用來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)青年人須志向高遠(yuǎn)，因?yàn)椤皩幙芍靖叨_(dá)不到目標(biāo), 也不要志低而達(dá)到”。中國(guó)政法05翻譯Section A (15 points)Directions: Put the following passage into good Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly.Water is a limited natural resource and a public good fundamental for life and health. The human right to water is indispensable for leading a life in human dignity. It is a prerequisite for the realization of other human rights. The Committee has been confronted continually with the widespread denial of the right to water in developing as well as developed countries. Over 1 billion persons lack access to a basic water supply, while several billion do not have access to adequate sanitation, which is the primary cause of water contamination and diseases linked to water. The continuing contamination, depletion and unequal distribution of water is exacerbating existing poverty. States have to adopt effective measures to realize, without discrimination, the right to water.Section B (15 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into English Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly.和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今世界的兩大主題。維護(hù)世界和平，加強(qiáng)友好合作，促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展是各國(guó)人民的共同愿望。當(dāng)前，貧困、失業(yè)、難民、犯罪、人口膨脹、環(huán)境惡化、毒品泛濫、恐怖主義等問(wèn)題仍然嚴(yán)峻，影響著全球的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。中國(guó)與西方國(guó)家雖然國(guó)情不同，但在一系列重大國(guó)際問(wèn)題上具有廣泛一致的利益。我對(duì)中國(guó)同西方各國(guó)關(guān)系的改善與發(fā)展感到高興。中國(guó)政府和人民愿在相互新生和平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上，同包括西方國(guó)家在內(nèi)的世界各國(guó)政府和人民一道，為和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)政法06翻譯Section A (15 points)Directions: Put the following passage into good Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly. Academic freedom includes the liberty of individuals to express freely opinions about the institution or system in which they work, to fulfill their functions without discrimination or fear of repression by the State or any other actor, to participate in professional or representative academic bodies, and to enjoy all the internationally recognized human rights applicable to other individuals in the same jurisdiction. The enjoyment of academic freedom carries with it obligations, such as the duty to respect the academic freedom of others, to ensure the fair discussion of contrary views, and to treat all without discrimination on any of the prohibited grounds.Section B (15 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly. 不管是好習(xí)慣還是壞習(xí)慣，都是逐漸養(yǎng)成的。當(dāng)一個(gè)人重復(fù)做某件事時(shí)，一種看不見(jiàn)的力量驅(qū)使他去重復(fù)做同一件事，這樣就養(yǎng)成了習(xí)慣。習(xí)慣一旦形成，要改掉它是困難的。所以，我們?cè)谛纬闪?xí)慣時(shí)要小心謹(jǐn)慎，這一點(diǎn)是非常重要的。小孩子常常會(huì)養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣。這些壞習(xí)慣中有的一直保留到他們死去為止。年紀(jì)大的人也會(huì)養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣，在某些情況下，這些壞習(xí)慣能毀掉人。復(fù)旦大學(xué)06翻譯Section A (10%)Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Dun took a deep breath, thinking over what had been said and searching in his mind for a possible course of action. Not for the first time in his flying career, he felt himself in the grip of an acute sense of apprehension, only this time his awareness of his responsibility for the safety of a huge, complex aircraft and nearly sixty lives was tinged with a sudden icy premonition of disaster. Was this, then what it felt like? Older pilots, those who had been in combat in the war, always maintained that if you kept at the game long enough youd buy it in the end. How was it that in the space of half an hour a normal, everyday, routing flight, carrying a crowd of happy football fans, could change into a nightmare nearly four miles above the earth, something that would shriek across the front pages of a hundred newspapers?Section B (10%)Directions: Put the following passage into English. 在美國(guó)歷史上人們最津津樂(lè)道的政治問(wèn)題恐怕就法律與秩序。但令人感到心痛的是，顯然有好幾百萬(wàn)美國(guó)人從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到過(guò)自己會(huì)是違法者，更不用說(shuō)是犯罪分子了，他們?cè)絹?lái)越不把那些旨在保護(hù)他們社會(huì)的法律條文放在心上。如今，人們隨手亂扔垃圾、進(jìn)稅漏稅、發(fā)出違禁噪音，以及開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)表示出來(lái)的無(wú)政府狀態(tài)，可謂是司空見(jiàn)慣。有時(shí)不由使人覺(jué)得，藐視法令者竟可代表未來(lái)的潮流了。哈佛大學(xué)的社會(huì)學(xué)家戴維.里斯曼認(rèn)為：大多數(shù)美國(guó)人漫不經(jīng)心地把犯點(diǎn)所謂的小錯(cuò)誤當(dāng)作是理所當(dāng)然的。他還認(rèn)為：今天美國(guó)社會(huì)道德準(zhǔn)則已出現(xiàn)“只有傻瓜才守法的”危險(xiǎn)傾向了。同濟(jì)大學(xué)05翻譯Part Translation from English into Chinese (20 %)Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life; the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the verge of despair.I have sought love, first became it brings ecstasy-ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of like for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have bought it, finally, because in the union of love, I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what at last I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so fat as they were possible, led upward reward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberated in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a haled burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and I would gladly live it again if the chance were offered to me.武漢大學(xué)05翻譯Part English-Chinese Translation (20%)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.1. American hopes that pressure from the U.S. will force Japan to suddenly dismantle its trade barriers are almost certain to evaporate in disappointment. The fact is that Washington faces an obstacle far more formidable than a few power brokers in Tokyos government offices. It must buck centuries-old, deeply ingrained Japanese customs. To move the Japanese government, Washington must move an entire nation. So far, the U.S. has had only limited success despite congressional threats to retaliate. In an April 9 nationwide broadcast, Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone urged the Japanese to buy more imported goods and unveiled a long-awaited three-year plan to ease import restrictions. But his program was far short of what Washington hoped to see. White House Chief of Staff Donald Regan said the Japanese offered “few new or immediate measures.” While the plan did promise fewer curbs on imports of telecommunications gear, medicine and medical equipment, it offered no relief for American forest products which are among the most contentious trade issues. Nakasone gives every sign of being sincere in his desire to reduce a Japanese surplus in trade with the U.S. that hit 36.8 billion dollars in 1984 and could soon top 50 billion. 2. Yet to rely on any one Japanese political leader, no matter how popular he is at home, to reverse trade policies is to underestimate the culture and traditions that weigh heavily against a breakthrough. Big business and dozens of anonymous bureaucrats have as much power as Japans top selected leaders. “The whole concept that we can turn this around right now is patently ridiculous,” says an American trader who has lived and worked here since 1952. “The vested interests are being shaken and slowly moved, but at a pace too slow for the eye to follow.” That view is echoed by a U.S. diplomat closely involved in the efforts to open Japanese markets to American goods, Washingtons stock solution to the ballooning trade imbalance. 3. “Japan is a relationship society rather than a transactional society,” he says. “You cannot alter that kind of a system with a television speech or a batch of general proposals, no matter how well intentioned they are.” Beyond specific tariffs or other official barriers to imports, experts here say that the U.S. faces these obstacles: Nearly total domination of the Japanese market by a few dozen giant conglomerates that strongly oppose even token competition be it from abroad or emerging domestic firms. An elite, thickly layered bureaucracy that historically has drafted laws and regulations as well as enforced them, and both of these powers would be threatened by trade reforms. A longtime relationship between business and government that critics say fosters collusion and hinders foreign entry into domestic markets. Adamant support for import restrictions among Japanese farmers, one of the most powerful political forces. 4. A highly developed sense of loyalty to established practices and relationships that often outweighs any “duty” to society as a whole or, in some cases, even personal best interest. Esteem for caution and consensus in decision making at all social levels, and conversely, resentment of governmental fiats or one-man even if that man is the head of government. Compounding Washingtons problem is Nakasones weak position within his own party, the Liberal Democrats, who have ruled Japan for 30 years. His standing is so complex and fragile that he has been forced to yield all but three of 21 cabinet positions to rival political factions. His cabinet colleagues are far less committed than he is to trade reforms, making it difficult for the Prime Minister to muscle proposals through either the bureaucracy or the Diet, Japans parliament. The existence of “Japan, Inc.” the concept of an entire nation conspiring to advance economically at any cost is a topic of debate among both Japanese and outsiders. But there is no dispute over how the system actually works.Part Chinese-English Translation (20%)Directions: Translate the following short paragraphs into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.1、他是個(gè)極其自負(fù)的怪人。除非事情與自己有關(guān)，否則他從來(lái)不屑對(duì)世界或世人瞧上一眼。對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，他不僅是世界上最重要的人物，而且在他眼里，他是唯一活在世界上的人。他認(rèn)為自己是世界上最偉大的戲劇家之一、最偉大的思想家之一、最偉大的作曲家之一。聽(tīng)聽(tīng)他的談話，仿佛他就是莎士比亞、柏拉圖、貝多芬三人集于一身。想要聽(tīng)到他的高論十分容易，他是世界上最能使人精疲力竭的健談?wù)咧弧Ｍ冗^(guò)一個(gè)夜晚，就是聽(tīng)他一個(gè)人滔滔不絕的說(shuō)上一晚。有時(shí)，他才華橫溢；有時(shí)，他又令人極其厭煩。但無(wú)論是妙趣橫生還是枯燥無(wú)味，他的談話只有一個(gè)主題：他自己，他的所思所為。2、他狂妄地認(rèn)為自己總是正確的。任何人在最無(wú)足輕重的問(wèn)題上露出絲毫的異議，都會(huì)激起他的譴責(zé)。他可能會(huì)一連好幾個(gè)小時(shí)滔滔不絕，千方百計(jì)地證明自己如何如何正確。有了這種使人耗盡心力的雄辯本事，聽(tīng)者最后都被他弄得頭昏腦脹，耳朵發(fā)聾，為了圖個(gè)清靜，只好同意他的說(shuō)法。武漢大學(xué)06翻譯Part English-Chinese Translation (20%, 1 = 5 points)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. Tsunamis are impulsively generated sea waves by a disturbance at or near the ocean. (1) Earthquakes, submarine volcanic explosions, landslides and the detonation of nuclear devices neat the sea can give rise to such destructive sea waves. By far the most destructive tsunamis are generated from large shallow-focus earthquakes with an epicenter or fault line near or in the ocean. Vertical displacements of the earths crust along the rupture resulting from such earthquakes can generate destructive tsunami waves which can travel across an ocean spreading destruction across their path. Similar displacements of the ocean floor can also be produced by volcanic eruptions and submarine aval