上海牛津英語(yǔ)7A_Unit6,7知識(shí)點(diǎn)及語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn).doc

教學(xué)內(nèi)容：7A Unit5、6知識(shí)點(diǎn)及語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：三種時(shí)態(tài)的訓(xùn)練和鞏固教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：there be 句型，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法教學(xué)過(guò)程:1、課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解 2、there be 句型，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法3、練習(xí)鞏固 4、 家庭作業(yè)Unit 6 Different places1 peace n. 和平 peaceful a. 祥和的 2 on the map of 在的地圖上3 convenient a.方便的inconvenient a. 不方便的convenience n.便利4 different a.不同的difference n.不同點(diǎn)5 important a. 重要的 importance n.重要性6 a convenience store 一家便利店7 It is convenient for sb to do sth. 某人做某事很方便8 Doing sth. is convenient. 做某事很方便9 do sth. conveniently 方便地做某事10 take a bus to = go to by bus 乘公交車去某處11take the underground to = go to by underground 乘地鐵去某處 12.once a week 一周一次15.twice a month 一月兩次13.It is important for us to learn English well. 對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。14.It is not easy for him to do sth. 對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)做不容易。15.in the suburbs. 在郊區(qū)16.There are many traffic jams有許多交通堵塞。at the bottom of some steep steps 在陡峭的臺(tái)階下面on top of the mountains 在山頂relax oneself 自我放松17.please v. pleasant a. pleased a. 取悅，使愉快 令人愉快的 感到愉快的18.please sb. 取悅某人，使某人高興19.the changes to the lives 生活中的變化20.life in different seasons 不同季節(jié)的生活21.seasonal changes 季節(jié)的變化22.falling leaves 落葉23.fall - fell fallen 落下24.This pair of gloves is black. 這副手套是黑色的。25.The gloves are black.這手套是黑色的。26.What season is it? 是什么季節(jié)？27.in different places 不同的地方 be different from / the same as differences between and 28It is + adj + to do sth 做很29. once a week 一周一次 twice a week 一周兩次 three times a week 30. noise n. 噪音 noisy adj. 嘈雜的 noisy, noisier, noisiest31. exciting adj. 令人激動(dòng)的 /excited adj. 感到激動(dòng)的 excite v. 使激動(dòng)，使興奮 excitement n. 激動(dòng)；興奮32. pleasant adj/ 使人愉快的 please v. 使高興 pleased adj. 高興的；be pleased with sth 對(duì) 感到滿意的pleasure n. 高興；愉快 Its my pleasure.33.leaf n. 樹(shù)葉 leaves pl.1 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法一、選擇題1. Who _ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing2. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class. A. have B. having C. is having D. are having3. Listen! The baby _ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries4. Look! The twins _ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing5. Dont talk here. Grandparents _. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep6. Tom is a worker. He _ in a factory. His sisters _ in a hospital. A. work/ work B. works/ work C. is working / are working 7. Who _ English best in your class? A. speak B. speaks C. speaking 8. Mrs Read _ the windows every day. A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans D. cleaning9. We _ music and often _ to music. A. like/ listen B. likes/ listens C. like/ are listening10. She _ up at six in the morning. A. get B. gets C. getting11. On Sunday he sometimes _ his clothes and sometimes _ some shopping. A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does12. The twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _ some coffee for it. A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have D. having / having二、填空：1. My father always _(come) back from work very late.2. The teacher is busy. He _ (sleep) six hours a day.3. Listen! Joan _(sing) in the classroom. She often _ (sing) there.4. Where _ you _ (have) lunch every day?5. The girl _(like) wearing a skirt. Look! She _(wear) a red skirt today.2 掌握when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的用法3 學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句 4 there beThere be 句型用法總結(jié)There be 結(jié)構(gòu)是英語(yǔ)中陳述事物客觀存的常用句型，表示“有”，其確切含義是“存在”there 作為引導(dǎo)詞，本身沒(méi)有意義，用動(dòng)詞be的某些形式作為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，它的主語(yǔ)是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名詞詞組，動(dòng)詞be和 主語(yǔ)的數(shù)必須一致。句子最后通常為表示地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。因此要表達(dá)“某個(gè)地方或某個(gè)時(shí)間存在什么事物或人”的時(shí)候常用“There be + 名詞+ 地點(diǎn)（時(shí)間）這一句型。例如：There is a great Italian deli across the street. 穿過(guò)街道，有一家大的意大利熟食店。There are some students in the dormitory. 在宿舍里有一些學(xué)生。一、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂一致 1.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞be后所接的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be 應(yīng)該取單數(shù)is；當(dāng)其后所接的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be用復(fù)數(shù)are。Theres a man at the door.門口有個(gè)人。There is some apple juice in the bottle. 瓶子里有些蘋果汁。There are some strangers in the street.大街上有一些陌生人。2.如果There be 后面是幾個(gè)并列名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞be的形式和最靠近它的那個(gè)名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。There is an ashtray and two bottles on the shelf. 架子上有一只煙灰缸和兩個(gè)瓶子。There are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf. 架子上有兩個(gè)瓶子和一個(gè)煙灰缸。二、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的時(shí)態(tài)1.There be 句型中動(dòng)詞be可以有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)和完成時(shí)。There is no harm in trying.不妨一試。There were fabulous wildflowers in the hills last spring. 去年春天，山中有極美的野花。There will be a fine day tomorrow. 明天將是一個(gè)晴天。There have been several private schools in our area this year.今年，我們這里已經(jīng)有好幾所私立學(xué)校了。2.There be 句型可以和各種助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。There may be a cigarette in that box.那只盒子里或許有支香煙。There must be some cakes on the table.桌子上一定有些蛋糕。There used to be a hospital there before the war.戰(zhàn)前，那里曾經(jīng)有家醫(yī)院。3.There be 句型也可以和這樣一些的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用：be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to . There seem to be a few trees between me and the green. 在我與草坪之間好像有一些樹(shù)。There is gong to be a meeting tonight.今天晚上有個(gè)會(huì)議。There is likely to be a storm.可能有一場(chǎng)暴雨。There happened to be a bus nearby.碰巧附近有輛公交車。There appears to have been a nasty accident.似乎發(fā)生了一起嚴(yán)重事故。4.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中除可以用be 外，還可以用其它動(dòng)詞。例如：There came a scent of lime-blossom.飄來(lái)一陣菩提樹(shù)的花香。Once upon a time there lived a king in China.從前中國(guó)有一個(gè)國(guó)王。三、There be 句型的否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句和反意疑問(wèn)句1.There be 句型的否定句有兩種構(gòu)成方式，一種是將否定副詞not放在be 之后，如： There isnt a box in the room. 房間里沒(méi)有盒子。There arent any pens on the desk.課桌上沒(méi)有鋼筆。2.There be 句型的一般疑問(wèn)句是將be 放在there 之前，回答時(shí)用yes或no，后接簡(jiǎn)單答語(yǔ)。如：Is there a cake on the table? 桌子上有塊蛋糕嗎？Yes，there is. / No，there isnt.是，有。/ 不，沒(méi)有。Will there be a party tonight？今晚有聚會(huì)嗎？Yes，there will./ No, there wont 是的，有。/ 不，沒(méi)有。3.There be 句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句主要有how many和how much做引導(dǎo)詞兩種情況：How many students are there in your school?你們學(xué)校有多少學(xué)生？How much money is there in your pocket?你口袋里有多少錢?4.There be 句型的反意疑問(wèn)句There is a cup on the table, isnt there?桌子上有只杯子，是嗎？There is some orange in the glass, isnt there?杯子里有桔汁，是嗎?四、There be 結(jié)構(gòu)和have的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系 1.區(qū)別點(diǎn)：there be 意為存在，強(qiáng)調(diào)某地有某物，不表示所屬關(guān)系；have 表示所有關(guān)系， 強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某地有某物，這是其基本用法。如：There are some trees in front of the house.房前有些樹(shù)。Tom has many friends in China.湯姆在中國(guó)有許多朋友。2.相同點(diǎn)：在表示結(jié)構(gòu)上的含有時(shí)，既可以用there be 句型，也可以用have（has） 來(lái)表示。如：中國(guó)有許多長(zhǎng)河。There are many long rivers in China.China has many long rivers.一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. There is a computer in my house. (一般疑問(wèn)句) _ _ a computer in _ house? 2. There are some flowers on the teachers desk. (一般疑問(wèn)句) _ _ _ flowers on the teachers desk? 3. There are some apples on the tree.(否定式) There _ _ _ apples on the tree. 4. There arent any pears in the box.(同義句) There are _ pears in the box.5. There are fifty students in my class.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ students are there in your class?6. These are cars.(用buses改寫成選擇疑問(wèn)句) Are these cars_ _ ?7. Two boys are in our house.(改為there be句型) _ _ two boys in our house.二、選擇1. The students expected there _ more reviewing classes before the final exam.A. be B. being C. have beenD. to be2. There _ no fresh drinking water and no good farm land, it was not a comfortable place in which to live.A. be B. was C. were D. being3. Where _ dirt, there are flies.A. there has B. isC. there isD. has there4. There _ an English teacher and 40 students in the classroom.A. is B. are C. haveD. being 5 用以wh- 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句進(jìn)行提問(wèn)6 掌握“it takes + 時(shí)間”的句型1指時(shí)間、季節(jié)、天氣、距離 等。It is 5 kilometers from my home to the school.2指環(huán)境情況等。 It was very noisy outside now.3用作人稱代詞，代替前面提到過(guò)的事物。The bike is not mine. Its Petres.4用以代替指示代詞this 或that。-Whats this? -Its a pen.5具有指示代詞的作用，指一個(gè)人或事物。-Whos knocking at the door? -Its me.7 掌握“it is + 形容詞 + to do .”的句型It is + adj + for/of sb to do sth. 1. it為形式主語(yǔ)2. 不定式表示的動(dòng)作是由for引導(dǎo)的邏輯主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的3. to do sth為真實(shí)主語(yǔ)4. 用for 的形容詞:對(duì)事物進(jìn)行描述的形容詞difficult easy hard important necessary convenient dangerous possible impossibleeg: It is difficult for me to choose the right style. It is good for us to eat vegetables. 注意:有時(shí)可以不帶邏輯主語(yǔ)eg: It is wrong to laugh at others when they are in difficulty. It is impossible to learn a language well in two months.用of的形容詞:表示人的性格 品格的形容詞kind good bad nice right wrong wise silly foolish clever careless polite generous rudeeg: It was wrong of him to tell lies. It is stupid of her to make such a mistake. Its nice of you to offer me a seat.= You are nice to offer me a seat. It was careless of him to lose so many things. = He was careless to lose so many things.語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)2: adj+ enough to do sth (當(dāng)主語(yǔ)與to do sth的邏輯主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)用此句型)1. adj/adv+ enough enough time fast enough2. enough for sb to do sth eg: Her hair is long enough for her to tie back. The question is hard enough for Tom to reply to.3. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 too to = not enough to do sth = so that The boy is too young to go to school. = The boy is not old enough to go to school. = The boy is so young that he cant go to school.8 掌握乘坐交通工具的兩種用法: by.,take the.9 掌握some，any，much, a lot of的用法Unit 7 Signs around us1.direct v. 導(dǎo)向 direction n. 方向 director n. 導(dǎo)演2.instruct v. 指導(dǎo)instruction n. 指示3.hike v. (hiked hiked hiking) 遠(yuǎn)足4.go hiking in the countryside 在鄉(xiāng)下遠(yuǎn)足5.No cigarettes. = No smoking. = You mustnt smoke. = Dont smoke. 不準(zhǔn)吸煙。6.No litter. = You mustnt leave rubbish. = Dont leave rubbish. 不準(zhǔn)亂扔垃圾。7.silent adj. - silence n. 沉默的沉默8.different adj. difference n. 不同的不同點(diǎn)9.important adj. importance n. 重要的重要性10.convenient adj. convenience n. 方便的 便利11.keep silent = keep quiet 保持安靜12.put up tents and go camping 支起帳篷去野營(yíng)13.use v. 使用 useful a. 有用的 useless a.沒(méi)有用的14.help v. 幫助helpful a. 有幫助的 helpless a. 沒(méi)有幫助的15.care v. 在意 careful a. 仔細(xì)的 careless a.不仔細(xì)的16.What does it mean? = Whats the meaning of ? 它是什么意思？17.take turns to do sth. 輪流做某事18.have rules to take care of the environment. 有規(guī)則是無(wú)論照顧環(huán)境。19.Its your turn to do sth. 輪到你做某事了。20.do sth. silently = do sth. in silence 靜悄悄地做某事21.exit v. 出去 -反- enter v. 進(jìn)入22.exit n. 出口 -反- entrance n. 入口23.use the telephone for help = call for help 用電話求助24. What does this sign mean? = What is the meaning of this sign? 這個(gè)標(biāo)志是什么意思？mean v. meant, meant meaning n.25. turn left = turn to the left 向左轉(zhuǎn) on the right of在。右邊26.silent a 安靜的 silence n 安靜27.We must not smoke.= No smoking.= Dont smoke.smoke n. 煙霧 v. 抽煙28.Good luck! 好運(yùn) lucky a 幸運(yùn)的 luckily adv. 幸運(yùn)地 unluckily ad.29.finish doing 完成做某事1 掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can和must在本單元中的用法1. can 的用法：（1）.表示能力、許可、可能性。 表示能力時(shí)一般譯為“能、會(huì)”， 即有種能力，尤其是生來(lái)具備的能力，此時(shí)may 和must 均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I cant . 她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。（2）.表示許可，常在口語(yǔ)中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。（3）.表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”， 常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中， 此時(shí)cant 譯為“ 不可能”。 如：Can the news be true? 這個(gè)消息會(huì)是真的嗎？Can it be our teacher?那個(gè)人有可能是我們老師嗎？No, it cant be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長(zhǎng)城呢?！纠}】I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. No. She _be there, I have just been there. A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.wouldnt【解析】根據(jù)下文“我剛?cè)ミ^(guò)那兒”可知，應(yīng)為“ 不可能”， cant 表示推測(cè)答案 A2. could的用法：（1）.can的過(guò)去式，意為“ 能、 會(huì)”，表示過(guò)去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十歲時(shí)就會(huì)寫詩(shī)。（2）. could在疑問(wèn)句中，表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣，此時(shí) could 沒(méi)有過(guò)去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能幫我個(gè)忙嗎？Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎? Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）3. may的用法：（1）.表示請(qǐng)求、許可，比can 正式，如：May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行車嗎？You may go home now. 現(xiàn)在你可以回家了。【例題】_ I borrow your MP3? Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would(2) .表示推測(cè)，談?wù)摽赡苄?，意為?可能， 或許”，一般用于肯定句中。 如：It may rain tomorrow . 明天可能會(huì)下雨。She may be at home. 她可能在家呢. (3) .may的過(guò)去式為might ，表示推測(cè)時(shí)?？赡苄缘陀趍ay。 如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他離開(kāi)學(xué)校了，可能是他生病了。 (4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，?？勺g為“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V 例如：May you have a good time. 祝你過(guò)得愉快。 May you be happy! 祝你幸福！ May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must的用法：(1).must 表示主觀看法，意為“必須、一定”。 如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回來(lái)之前你必須呆在這兒。Must I hand in my homework right now? 我必須現(xiàn)在交作業(yè)嗎？(2) 其否定形式mustnt表示“ 一定不要 ” “千萬(wàn)別” “禁止, 不許”. 如：You mustnt play with fire. 你不許玩火。You mustnt be late. 你一定不要遲到。（3）對(duì)must引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答為must，否定回答為neednt 或 dont have to .如：Must I finish my homework?我現(xiàn)在必須完成作業(yè)嗎？No, you neednt.不，你不必。 (4)must表示有把握的推測(cè)，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.燈亮著，他現(xiàn)在肯定在家。注意其反意問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成形式：當(dāng)must表示肯定的判斷、推測(cè)時(shí)，其反意疑問(wèn)句要用實(shí)際問(wèn)句的助動(dòng)詞來(lái)構(gòu)成。如：She must have seen the film before，hasnt she?(注意反意疑問(wèn)句的后半部分)You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didnt you? (注意反意疑問(wèn)句的后半部分)5. need的用法：（1）.need 表示需要、必須，主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，其否定形式為neednt，意為“沒(méi)有必要，不必”。 用need 提問(wèn)時(shí)，肯定回答為 must，否定回答為 neednt或dont have to。 如：Need I stay here any longer? 我還有必要留在這兒?jiǎn)?？Yes, you must .是的。No. you neednt /dont have to. 不， 你不必。(2).need 還可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，如果是人作主語(yǔ)后邊多接動(dòng)詞不定式。如：I need to do it right now. 我需要馬上做這件事。He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那個(gè)女孩。如果是物作主語(yǔ)，一般用need doing 與 need to be done這種情況下應(yīng)注意兩點(diǎn)：.主動(dòng)形式的動(dòng)名詞doing具有被動(dòng)的含義；.該動(dòng)名詞可以改為其動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式而句子的意義不變。例如：. The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted. 那扇門需要油漆一下。Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的車需要維修了。cant 和 mustnt1. cant 根據(jù)其基本用法可譯為：（1）不會(huì)。如：I cant speak English . 我不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。（2）不能。如：We cant do it now because its too dark.天太黑了，我們現(xiàn)在干不了。（3）否定句中表示推測(cè)。“不可能”，如：The man cant be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher. 那個(gè)人不可能是咱們老師，他年輕得多。2. mustnt 意為“ 禁止、不許”， 用來(lái)表達(dá)命令，表示強(qiáng)烈的語(yǔ)氣。 如：You mustnt play football in the street. Its too dangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球，太危險(xiǎn)了。易混點(diǎn)五：must 和 have to1.must 側(cè)重于個(gè)人意志和主觀上的必要。have to 側(cè)重于客觀上的必要，可用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)。如：I know I must study hard.我知道我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.我弟弟病得厲害， 我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。I havent got any money with me, so Ill have to borrow some from my friend.我身上沒(méi)帶錢，只好向朋友借點(diǎn)了。He said they must work hard.他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。2. have to可以用于多種時(shí)態(tài)；而must只用于一般現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。如：The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night. 作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。易混點(diǎn)六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do/ be used for doing sthused to do 表示過(guò)去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去，只用于過(guò)去，注意用 to do，不用doing形式；而be used to doing 意為“習(xí)慣做”， be 可有各種時(shí)態(tài)； be used to do 意為“被使用去做,” 為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。be used for doing sth“用作” 如：My father used to eating meat.我父親過(guò)去起床晚，但現(xiàn)在不得不早起了。She is used to eating meat.她習(xí)慣吃肉。He wasnt used to eating in a restaurant.他不習(xí)慣在飯店吃飯。A knife can be used for cutting things.(刀可以用來(lái)割東西)/ A knife can be used to cut things.(刀可以用來(lái)割東西)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)1 May I stop my car here? No, you_.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. dont have to2. Must we clean the house now? No, you _.A. neednt B. may not C. mustnt D. cant4. You return the book now. You can keep it next week if you like.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not5. Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself.A. wont.cant B. mustnt.may C. shouldnt, must D. cant.shouldnt6. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to7.