常用電腦硬件英文詞匯及縮略詞匯手冊(cè).doc

常用電腦硬件英文詞匯及縮略詞匯手冊(cè)AAdministrative Password管理員口令A(yù)C97(Audio Codec97)聲音解碼97規(guī)范ACPI(Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)高級(jí)系統(tǒng)配置和電源接口規(guī)范AGP(Accelerated Graphics Port)加速圖形端口AMD(Advanced Micro Devices Inc)高級(jí)微器件公司AMI(American Megatrends Inc)美國(guó)Megatrends公司AMI BIOSAMI公司的BIOSAMR(Audio/MODEM Riser)聲音/調(diào)制解調(diào)器插卡APM(Advanced Program Interface)高級(jí)電源（功率、能源）管理Award BIOSAward公司的BIOSIBM PC/ATIBM高級(jí)技術(shù)個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)AT Bus AT總線，一種基于擴(kuò)展ISA及286以上系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)總線ATA(AT Attachment)AT嵌入式接口，常用于硬盤(pán)驅(qū)動(dòng)器ATC(Adaptive Transform Coding)自適應(yīng)變換編碼ATX(AT Extention)AT擴(kuò)展結(jié)構(gòu)Audio Card 聲音卡，音效卡Audio Mixer音頻混合器，混音器BBase Memory基本內(nèi)存BAT, Battary電池BGA(Ball God Array)球柵陣列（封裝）BIOS(Basic Input/Output System)基本輸入輸出系統(tǒng)BIOS Features SetupBIOS特性設(shè)置BOARD板、電路板Burse Bus突發(fā)總線CCache高速緩沖存儲(chǔ)器CBGA(Ceramic Ball Grid Audio)陶瓷球柵陣列（封裝）CD playerCD播放機(jī)（器）CD-RCM(Compact Disc Read Only Memory)只讀型CD光盤(pán)Centronics Patallel Interface并行打印機(jī)接口Celeron賽揚(yáng)（CPU）Chipset芯片組，芯片系列Chipset Features Setup芯片組特性設(shè)置CMOS(Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) 互補(bǔ)金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體CD-ROM DriverCD-ROM光盤(pán)驅(qū)動(dòng)器CLK,Clock時(shí)鐘Clock Rata(or Clock Speed)時(shí)鐘速度Core Voltage（CPU）核心電壓CPU(Central Processing Unit)中央處理單元，微處理器CRT(Cathode Ray Tube)陰極射線管，監(jiān)視器CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check)循環(huán)冗余校驗(yàn)Data Bus數(shù)據(jù)總線Download下載EE-mail(Electronic mail)電子郵件ECC(Error Checking and Correcting, Error Correction Code)錯(cuò)誤檢測(cè)及校正，糾錯(cuò)碼EDC（Error Detect Code）檢錯(cuò)碼ECP(Extended Capabilities Port)擴(kuò)展功能接口EEPROM(Enhanced Expanded Memory Specification)電擦除可編程ROMEISA(Extended Industry Standard Architecture) Bus擴(kuò)展ISA總線EIDE(Enhanced IDE)增強(qiáng)烈IDE（接口）EMI(Electro-magnetic Interference)電磁干擾EPROM(Erasable Programmable ROM)可擦除可編程ROMExpansion Card擴(kuò)展卡FFAT(File Allocation Table)文件分配表FDC(Floppy Disk Controller) 軟盤(pán)驅(qū)動(dòng)器控制器FDC(Floppy Disk Drive)軟磁盤(pán)驅(qū)動(dòng)器FIFO(First In First Out)先進(jìn)先出Flash memory快擦寫(xiě)存儲(chǔ)器FMW(Flash Memory Writer)快擦寫(xiě)存儲(chǔ)器寫(xiě)入器FPU(Floating Point Unit)浮點(diǎn)運(yùn)算單元（部件）GGB(Giga Byte)千兆字節(jié)GM(General Musical Instument Digital Interface)通用樂(lè)器數(shù)字接口（MIDI）GMR(Giant Magneto-Resistance)巨磁阻（或超磁阻）磁頭Green PC綠色個(gè)人電腦GMCH (Graphics Memory Control Hub) 北橋HHDC(hard disk controller)硬盤(pán)驅(qū)動(dòng)器控制器HDD(hard disk drive)硬盤(pán)驅(qū)動(dòng)器Hardware硬件IIBM(International Business Machines Corporation)國(guó)際商業(yè)機(jī)器公司IC(Integrated Circuit)集成電路IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics) 電子集成設(shè)備（端智能化電子驅(qū)動(dòng)器）接口IDE HDD Auto DetectionIDE硬盤(pán)型號(hào)自動(dòng)檢測(cè)IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)電氣與電子工程師協(xié)會(huì)Intel英特爾公司I/O(Input/Output)輸入/輸出ICH(I/O Controller HUB)IR(Infrared Port)紅外線接口IrDA Infrared Module IrDA紅外線組件IrDa (Infrared Data)紅外數(shù)據(jù)IRQ(Interrupt Request)中斷請(qǐng)求信號(hào)ISA(Industry Standard Architecture) Bus工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系結(jié)構(gòu)部線I/O address輸入/輸出（接口）地址ISO(International Standards Organization)國(guó)標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織ITV(Interactive TV)交互式電視，電視點(diǎn)播JJoystick port游戲（操縱）桿端口JP, Jumper跳線，跳接線 KKB(Kilo Byte)千字節(jié)Keyboard鍵盤(pán)Keylock鍵盤(pán)鎖LLAN(Local Area Network)局域網(wǎng)LED(Light Emitting Diode)發(fā)光二級(jí)管Load Setup Defaults裝入Setup程序的缺省值Load BIOS Defaults裝入BIOS程序的缺省值LPT 打印機(jī)接口MMaster 主控器MB(Mega Byte)兆字節(jié)Microsoft Corporation 微軟公司MODEM(Modulator demodulator) 調(diào)制解調(diào)器MPU(Micro processing Unit) 微處理器，微處理單元Menu 菜單MIC(Microphone) 麥克風(fēng)Mixer混合器，混音器Mode模式MMX(Multimedia extending architecture)多媒體擴(kuò)展結(jié)構(gòu)MMU(Memory Management Unit)存儲(chǔ)器管理單元Monitor顯示器，監(jiān)視器NNetwork card網(wǎng)卡Network adapter網(wǎng)絡(luò)適配器NPU(Numeric Processing Unit)數(shù)值運(yùn)算處理單元ns(nanosecond)納秒NTFS(NT File System) WindowsNT文件系統(tǒng) OOEM(Original Equipment Manufacture) 原始設(shè)備制造商O(píng)S(Operating System) 操作系統(tǒng)OS/2(Operating System 2) IBM PS/2計(jì)算機(jī)上使用的操作系統(tǒng)On-line 聯(lián)機(jī)，在線Online Plug 在線拔插 PPartition 分區(qū)Password 口令Parallel port 并行口Paste 粘貼PBGA(Plastic Ball Grid Array) 塑料球柵陳列（封裝）PC（Personal Computer）人個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)PCB(Printed Circuit Board)印刷電路板PCI(Protocol Control Information)協(xié)議控制信息PC Card slotPC卡插槽Pentium奔騰微處理器Pentium/奔騰二代/三代微處理器Peripheral外部設(shè)備，外設(shè)Phoenix Technologies LtdPhoenix技術(shù)有限公司Phoenix BIOSPhoenix公司的BIOSPLCC(Plastic Leadless Chip Carrier)塑料無(wú)引線芯片封裝PM(Power Management)電源（能源）管理PnP(Plug and Play)即插即用PNP/PCI Configuration Setup即插即用/PCI總線配置設(shè)置POP(Power On Reset加電/復(fù)位POST(Power On Self Test)加電自測(cè)試，加電自檢PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package)塑料方型扁平封裝PS/2(Personal System/2)IBM第二代個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)Primary Partition 主分區(qū)Primary Master 第一IDE接口主盤(pán)Primary Slave 第一IDE接口從盤(pán)RRAM(Random Access Memory) 隨機(jī)存取存儲(chǔ)器或Refresh （動(dòng)態(tài)RAM）刷新Normal refresh 正常刷新Remark CPU 重新標(biāo)記的CPUROM(Read Only Memory) 只讀存儲(chǔ)器RTC(Real Time Clock) 實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘RES,RESET,RST 復(fù)位，復(fù)位開(kāi)關(guān)SSIO(System Input Output) 系統(tǒng)輸入輸出（芯片）SIO(Serial Input Output) 串行輸入輸出Slave 從屬驅(qū)動(dòng)器，從盤(pán)SMM(System Management Mode) 系統(tǒng)管理模式S/N(Serial Number) 產(chǎn)品序列號(hào)Serial port 串行口Server 服務(wù)器Slot 1 Pentium /CPU使用的專(zhuān)用插槽Slot A K7CPU使用的專(zhuān)用插槽Socket （CPU）插座Sound Blaster Card “聲霸”卡Sound Card 聲卡、音效卡、聲效卡SP,SPK(speaker) 揚(yáng)聲器SPD(Serial Presence Detect) 參數(shù)存在檢測(cè)SDDRAM(Synchronized Link DRAM) 同步鏈路DRAMSMT(Surface Mount Technology) 表面安裝技術(shù)SOJ(Small Outline J-leaded package) 小型輸出線J引線封裝SRAM(Static RAM) 靜態(tài)RAMSystem partition系統(tǒng)分區(qū)TTCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol/Intemet Protocol) 傳輸控制協(xié)議/網(wǎng)間協(xié)議Turbo mode加速（或高速）方式 UUNIX UNIX操作系統(tǒng)Update 更新、寫(xiě)入、修改User Password 用戶口令USB(Universal Serial Bus) 通用串行總線Utility 應(yīng)用程序、實(shí)用程序UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply) 不間斷電源compatibility 兼容性 VVCD(Video Compact Disc