M1 UNIT3 復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案.doc

M1 UNIT3 復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案.漢譯英1節(jié)食 2保持健康3渴望，想要 4運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉；計(jì)算，解決5準(zhǔn)備好去做 6獨(dú)立， 獨(dú)自7對(duì)感到羞愧 8從肝臟衰竭中恢復(fù)9與我完全相配 10把捐獻(xiàn)11為感到難為情 12把集中在上13事實(shí)上 14立即，馬上15體重增加 16從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度看17副作用 18冒險(xiǎn)做某事19連同，隨同 20秘密地.完成句子1I think you look great as you_ are. 我覺得你這樣就很好。2This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished. 這個(gè)家可不是一個(gè)對(duì)不良行為聽之任之的地方。3Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports. 步行和騎自行車都有用，學(xué)校里的體育活動(dòng)也有用。4I used to go to the gym three times a week, but I dont work out any more. 我以前也常去健身房，一周三次，但我現(xiàn)在不鍛煉了。5My mother is right: dont damage your health for a slim and attractive figure. It isnt worth it. 我母親說(shuō)的對(duì)：不要為苗條迷人的身材而傷害身體，那樣不太值。6Its the same in Chinamany people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weightloss pills, which are often dangerous. 在中國(guó)也是一樣的情況許多人，包括有些根本就不超重的人，總是在節(jié)食，或者是吃減肥藥片，這些做法往往是危險(xiǎn)的。 單詞點(diǎn)睛1.recovervt.& vi.重新獲得，找回；恢復(fù)(能力、健康)，痊愈recovery n恢復(fù)； 痊愈； 復(fù)蘇recoverable adj. 能找回的， 重新獲得的recover from 恢復(fù)，復(fù)原recover oneself 恢復(fù)知覺；重新控制自己的情緒recover sth from sb/sth 從找回；重獲【活學(xué)活用】(1)那次突發(fā)事件后，她很快恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)，又重新面帶微笑。After the emergency, she quickly and smiled again.(2)我們提前出發(fā)把失去的時(shí)間補(bǔ)了回來(lái)。We by setting out early.(3)羊毛市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)從前些時(shí)候的疲軟狀況恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)了。The wool market has its earlier weakness.2.failurenC失敗的人或事；U失敗；U，C 倒閉；衰退，衰弱；故障，失靈fail v失敗， 不及格；不足，衰退 n. (考試)不及格heart/liver failure 心臟/肝臟衰竭fail in sth 在某事中失敗fail to do sth 未能做成某事【活學(xué)活用】(1)我數(shù)學(xué)及格，但語(yǔ)文不及格。I passed in maths, but Chinese.(2)他總是未能實(shí)現(xiàn)他的諾言。He is always 3.matchn相匹配的東西或人， 對(duì)手，匹敵者；比賽；火柴 vi. & vt.(顏色、品質(zhì)、設(shè)計(jì)等)與相配；(能力上)與相當(dāng)，敵得過(guò)matchless adj. 無(wú)比的，無(wú)雙的matchmaker n. 媒人amatch for 的對(duì)手no match for 不是對(duì)手 meet ones match 棋逢對(duì)手match A with B 使A與B相配合、相適應(yīng)match A against B 使A與B相較量、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)strike a match 劃火柴 a close match 一場(chǎng)勢(shì)均力敵的比賽with no match in the world 舉世無(wú)雙【詞語(yǔ)辨析】 match，fit與suit(1)match 意為“與相配，與相稱；使較量”，一般指兩樣?xùn)|西互相匹配或兩人的能力勢(shì)均力敵、互為對(duì)手。如：I want a tie to match my suit. 我需要一條領(lǐng)帶配我的西服。I think the curtains dont quite match the paint of the wall. 我認(rèn)為窗簾與墻漆不很匹配。No one can match him in the basketball in our school.在籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)方面我校沒人能與他匹敵。(2)fit 多作及物動(dòng)詞用，意為“適合，使適合”，一般指衣著大小合身。另有“與相符合”之意。如：The coat fits her nicely/perfectly. 這件大衣很合她的身。Will the key fit the lock?(3)suit 意為“適合”，指氣候、食物、時(shí)間、花色、款式、設(shè)計(jì)、質(zhì)地等適合某人，從而使人感到愉快、滿意。如：What time suits you best? Will it suit you if I come around at four?什么時(shí)間對(duì)你最合適？如果我大約四點(diǎn)鐘去，這合適嗎？Thats OK.合適。The color/food/weather doesnt suit her. 這顏色/食物/氣候不適合她。It doesnt suit you to have your hair cut short.剪短頭發(fā)不適合你?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)How about eight o clock outside the cinema? That _ me fine. Afits Bmeets Csatisfies Dsuits(2)To be frank, I dont think that the carpets and the curtains in your room _ well. Afit Bsuit Cmatch Dgo(3)As for listening, youd better buy some tapes to _ the textbooks. Amatch with Bsuit Cfit for Dgo with4.affectvt. 對(duì)有影響，發(fā)生作用； (疾病)侵襲，感染； 使有同情之感，感動(dòng)affection n. 感情；喜愛，鐘愛effect n. 影響；效果，作用effective adj. 有效的；生效的；實(shí)際的，事實(shí)上的effectual adj. 有效的，奏效的efficient adj. 有效率的，高效能的sufficient adj. 充分的，足夠的take effect 生效；實(shí)施，實(shí)行 be in effect 有效，生效have side effect 有副作用 have an influence on 對(duì)有影響come/go into effect 開始生效 put/bring/carry into effect使生效，實(shí)現(xiàn)have a(an) good/bad/ill/side/immediate/instant effect on 對(duì)有好/壞/不良/負(fù)面/立即的影響【活學(xué)活用】(1)Though the long term _ cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee.Aaffect BEffect Ceffort Dafford(2)The slight change of weather can _ her delicate health.Ainfluence BAffect Ceffect Dafford (3)Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health.Aof; at Bby; in Cof; on Don; at(4)The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.Ain BOn Cat Dwith(5)When we plan our vacation, mother often offers _ suggestions. Acareful BPractical Ceffective Dacceptable6.countvt.計(jì)算，把算在內(nèi)；把看作 vi.起作用，有價(jià)值；數(shù)數(shù)n.計(jì)數(shù)，計(jì)算countless adj. 數(shù)不盡的 countable adj. 可數(shù)的count in 把考慮/計(jì)算在內(nèi) count out 不把算在內(nèi)；數(shù)出count down 倒計(jì)數(shù)，倒計(jì)時(shí) count on/upon 依靠，依賴，指望count up to 達(dá)到，共計(jì) count for 對(duì)有價(jià)值，有重要性countas 認(rèn)為(相當(dāng)于regard/treat/consideras)Count ones chickens before they are hatched. 打某人的如意算盤?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)Will $ 200 _？ Im afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars. Acount BSatisfy Cfit Ddo(2)The manager says he needs an assistant that he can _ to deal with the problems that may occur in his absence. Adepend Bturn up Ccount up Dcount on7.containvt. 包含，容納； 控制，抑制container n. 容器，集裝箱 containment n. 控制，抑制【詞語(yǔ)辨析】 contain與include兩者都有“包含，包括”之意，但contain意為“have or hold sth in itself”，側(cè)重“整體內(nèi)有”，指在某一范圍或容器內(nèi)能容納某物；而include意為“have sb/sth as a part of a whole”，表示“包括”，側(cè)重包含者只是整體中的一部分，均不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如： He found a wallet containing $ 1,000. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)內(nèi)裝1,000美元的錢包。 The price includes the postage charges. 價(jià)格里面包括了郵資費(fèi)?！咀⒁馐马?xiàng)】 常用include的現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞來(lái)做解釋說(shuō)明，意為“其中包括”。結(jié)構(gòu)為：including sb/sth sb/sth included。如： The atlas contains forty maps, including three of Great Britain. 這本地圖冊(cè)內(nèi)含四十幅地圖，其中包括了三張英國(guó)地圖。 At least twenty people were killed, two children included. 至少有20人遇難，其中包括兩名兒童【活學(xué)活用】How much is the rent of the house, Mrs. Sandra?One hundred dollars, the electricity and telephone fee _.Acontained BcontainingCincluding Dincluded8.damagevt. 損害，損壞，損傷；對(duì)某人、某物有不利的影響 n. U損失，損害，損毀；pl. 損害賠償金damage ones reputation損害某人的聲譽(yù)cause damage to sb/sthdamage sb/sth 損害、損傷某人/某物【詞語(yǔ)辨析】damage, destroy, ruin, hurt, wound, injure, harm, pain與ache(1)damage意為“破壞，損壞”，著重指事物的價(jià)值或功能受到破壞或損壞，常常是局部的，或是可能修復(fù)的。作名詞時(shí)常用于do little/a lot of/much damage to的結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：The hurricane damaged many houses. 颶風(fēng)破壞了許多房子。 (2)destroy只能作動(dòng)詞用，其表示的損害程度遠(yuǎn)大于damage，一般指較大損害且已不能被挽救或修復(fù)，本意是“摧毀，毀掉，消滅”。destroy還可以用于比喻意，如：destroy ones hopes, career, reputation 毀掉某人的希望、事業(yè)、名譽(yù)。 (3)ruin可作名詞，也可作動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)毀滅的徹底性，并且是一次性的行為。這種毀滅也許力量不是很大，但其嚴(yán)重性卻使其不能修復(fù)。它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是破壞的長(zhǎng)期結(jié)果。如：The storm ruined the crops. 暴風(fēng)雨毀掉了莊稼。 (4)hurt為一般用語(yǔ)，作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，可以指“(肉體上的輕微)傷害”，也可以指“(精神上的)傷害”。此外，hurt作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“痛”。如：He hurt his leg when he fell off the ladder.他從樓梯上摔下來(lái)的時(shí)候傷了腿。 (5)wound作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般指在戰(zhàn)斗、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、搏斗中受到“槍傷，刀傷”等。如：She was wounded in the back by a bullet. 她的后背被一顆子彈打傷了。 (6)injure常指由于意外事故而引起的肉體上的損傷；或指由于不公正的行為造成對(duì)人或物在名譽(yù)、價(jià)值、精神等方面的損害，強(qiáng)調(diào)故意傷害。如：The rumor injured/harmed his reputation.流言損害了他的名聲。(7)harm意為“傷害”，常指對(duì)有生命的或無(wú)生命的人或物的傷害，從而影響其健全、正常的發(fā)展，使其不再像原來(lái)那么完整、美麗或像原來(lái)那么有價(jià)值。如：He smokes too much, which harms him a lot/does him a lot of harm. 他煙吸得利害，這對(duì)他造成了很大的傷害。 (8)pain常用作名詞，有時(shí)也可以作動(dòng)詞，表示嚴(yán)重的傷痛、心痛或悲痛(精神上的苦痛)。如：He has a pain in the arm.他手臂痛。(9)ache一般是指身體的某個(gè)部位的疼痛，相當(dāng)于hurt。作為名詞常出現(xiàn)在復(fù)合詞中。如：I have an ache in the arm.我手臂痛。 (1)Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had _ his leg.Adamaged Bhurt Chit Dstruck(2)My chest _ when I make a deep breath, doctor.Aharms Bwounds Churts Dinjures (3)What happened to the priceless works of art?_.AThey were destroyed in the earthquakeBThe earthquake was destroying themCThey destroyed in the earthquakeDThe earthquake destroyed them(4)An earthquake struck this area, _ a lot of damages.Amaking Bcausing Cdone Dcaused(5)The cook had _ the soup by putting too much salt in it.Ahurt Bruined Cdamaged Dharmed9.riskvt. & n. 冒險(xiǎn)，危險(xiǎn)risk doing sth 冒險(xiǎn)做某事 at the risk of doing sth 冒做某事的危險(xiǎn)at your own risk 自擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，責(zé)任自負(fù) take/run the risk of doing sth 冒做某事的危險(xiǎn)【活學(xué)活用】He thinks we shouldnt go ahead with the plan because of the _ of failure.Afuture BpressureCworry DriskII短語(yǔ)存儲(chǔ)1work out【用法點(diǎn)撥】(1)練習(xí)，鍛煉(常用于口語(yǔ))。The doctor advised her not to take the weightloss pills any more but work out for a certain time every day. 醫(yī)生建議她不要再吃減肥藥，而是每天鍛煉一定的時(shí)間。(2)計(jì)算出，解決(問(wèn)題)。Can you work out how much money it will cost? 你能計(jì)算出它將花費(fèi)多少錢嗎？I spent a whole day trying to work out the ten words in the word puzzle.我花了一整天的時(shí)間解字謎中的十個(gè)單詞。(3)詳細(xì)擬定(計(jì)劃、方案等)。He worked out all the details of the plan.他詳細(xì)擬定了那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。(4)理解，明白，相當(dāng)于understand。The plot is very complicated; itll take you a while to work it out. (5)被努力地完成，被巧妙地處理。I hope the new project will work out well.我希望新項(xiàng)目能順利完成。(6)(結(jié)果)成為，按某種方式發(fā)生。Financially，things have worked out very well for us.我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)情況很好。work on 從事 work at 致力于的研究work off 通過(guò)干活使消除掉，發(fā)泄 work up 逐步發(fā)展work up to sth 逐漸走到(更高或更深的程度) at work 在工作in work 有工作 out of work 失業(yè)【活學(xué)活用】(1)We wanted to get home before dark, but it didnt _ as planned.Amake out Bturn outCwork out Dcome out(2)We didnt plan our art exhibition like that, but it _ very well.Aworked out Btried outCwent on Dcarried out2used to do過(guò)去常常做be used to do/for doing sth被用來(lái)做某事be/get used to sth/doing sth 習(xí)慣于某事/做某事use sth to do sth 用某物做某事 【詞語(yǔ)辨析】 used to, would與will(1)表示“過(guò)去常?！庇脀ould或used to：would只是強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；而used to卻強(qiáng)調(diào)今昔對(duì)比，即過(guò)去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再發(fā)生。如：Edison would spend time reading in the public library. 愛迪生過(guò)去常?；〞r(shí)間在公共圖書館讀書。I used to get up late but now I get up early.我過(guò)去起床晚，但現(xiàn)在我起得早了。(2)表示“現(xiàn)在常?！庇脀ill：表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，特有的行為和社會(huì)風(fēng)尚，常意為“總是，老是”。如：She will sit talking to him for hours.她老是和他坐下來(lái)談上好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。 【活學(xué)活用】(1)She _ listen to records, alone in her room for hours. We just wont interrupt her, for we know this is her usual way to stay in peace.Amight BMust Cwill Dshould(2)They _ live in the country and then they moved into the city.Awould Bwere used to Cused to Dought to(3)Jack _ turn to his teacher for help when he ran across difficult problems in study, but now he _ solving them on his own.Aused to; used to Bused to; is used toCwas used to; used to Dwas used to; is used to4in the long term就長(zhǎng)期而言，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度看in the short term 就短期而言in the short run 從短期來(lái)看，不久in terms of 從角度，從方面 in ones terms 就某人看來(lái)in relative terms 相對(duì)而言 on equal/the same terms在平等的/相同的條件下be on good/bad terms with sb 與某人的關(guān)系好/不好【活學(xué)活用】(1)_ achievement, last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.AIn terms of BIn case ofCAs a result of DIn the face of(2)The book has been well received, but _ actual sales, it hasnt been very successful.Ain terms of Bin term ofCconsidering to Dwith regarding to(3)They have always been on good _ with their neighbours.Afriendship BrelationsCterms Dconnections5in no time立刻，馬上at a time 一次，每次 at one time 一度，曾經(jīng)(once)at the same time 與此同時(shí)；雖然如此 from time to time 時(shí)而，不時(shí)地in time 及時(shí)；遲早，終究 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)for a time 一度，一時(shí) for the time being 暫時(shí)for some time 一段時(shí)間 at no time 任何時(shí)候都不，從來(lái)沒有at times 有時(shí) all the time 一直【活學(xué)活用】(1)_， I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on working hard, youll succeed _.”AAt a time; in timeBAt a time; on timeCAt one time; in timeDAt one time; on time(2)I have a few dictionaries. I can get the meaning of the phrase for you _.Ain time Bin no timeCat the same time Dfor a timeIII 句型透視1Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports.行走和騎自行車就算，在學(xué)校里進(jìn)行的體育活動(dòng)也算。 句型公式so助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)，表示“某人/某物也” 【注意事項(xiàng)】這種結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)不同于前面提到的主語(yǔ)，而是指其他的人或物也有類似的情況。如：He is divorced, and so am I. 他離了婚，我也離了婚。Mary can speak Chinese, and so can her elder brother. 【知識(shí)拓展】(1)如果so表示強(qiáng)調(diào)， 即強(qiáng)調(diào)前面所說(shuō)的情況的真實(shí)性時(shí)， 其結(jié)構(gòu)是“so主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”，這里的主語(yǔ)同前一個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)，指的是同一人或物。如： She knows little English. So she does.她英語(yǔ)懂得不多，她的確如此。(2)前面既有肯定又有否定或兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)用，so it is/was with，so it is the same with，the same is true of, this is true of, as is often the case with等。如： He likes apples and he doesnt go to school by bus，so it is (the same) with her.他喜歡蘋果不喜歡乘公交車上學(xué)，她也一樣。It is just the same with our family. 我們家的情形也一樣。 (3)neither/nor 助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)，表示“某人/某物也不”。如：You dont like this book. Neither/Nor do I.你不喜歡這本書，我也不喜歡。【活學(xué)活用】(1)If Joes wife wont go to the party, _.Ahe will either Bneither will he Che neither will Deither he will(2)My room gets very cold at night._.ASo is mine BSo mine is CSo does mine DSo mine does(3)David has made great progress recently._， and _.ASo he has; so