HND人力資源 leadership.doc

Report Managing People and Organisation Written by Yin qi (20115368) December,12,2012 Table of Contents1.0 Introduction.12.0 Case Analysis2.1Assess the main features of managerial work 2.2Describe the value of two mechanisms to measure managerial performance .1/2 2.3Identify and explain a behavioral theory of leadership .2/42.4Identify and explain either a contingency or transformational theory of leadership.4/62.5 analyze how theories of leadership could be used to improve how managers lead staff through this change. .6/7 3.0 Conclusion.74.0 Reference.8 1.0 IntroductionIn this report, the author will focus on five problem,the frist I will assess the main features of managerial work and explain/outline the main roles and activities of managers within Scotia Airways. And then describing the value of two mechanisms that could be used to measure managerial performance and justify how each could be used to assess managerial performance in Scotia Airways.The third and fourth will explain a behavioral theory of leadership.The last I will given the planned expansion that Scotia have undertaken, analyze how theories of leadership could be used to improve how managers lead staff through this change.2.0 case analysis2.1Assess the main features of managerial work Management is a social organization, in order to achieve the desired objectives, with the artificial center of coordination activities. And Henri Fayol thinks that management is planning, organizing, directing, coordination and control.(managing people and organisation,2010,p235)1.Planning:Henri Fayol thinks management means that in the future, foresee is management is an essential elements, foreseeing the purpose is to develop a plan of action. A good plan on the enterprises management is very favorable. In Scotia airways,the targets for scale of provision, passenger volume and market share are determined by senior managers, and middle and junior managers and employees then populate the details into the plan.And the investors in Scotia Airways have set an ambitious program for expansion over the next 5 years to include long haul destinations.2.Organizing:This is the second factor of Henri Fayol proposed about management , the organization is for the management of the enterprise to provide the necessary raw materials, equipment, capital and personnel. Scotia airways set about appointing a management team whose experience and expertise was firmly grounded in the budget aviation market. And the airline has a fleet of five aircraft which the management team feels enables the business to be responsive to the demands and challenges of the market3.Commanding:When social organizations set up later, let the command play a role. Through the command coordination, can make the units of all the people make the best contribution, to realize the enterprise benefit. Rosa Dallevic is in overall charge, assisted by her long-term colleague, Azim Ishtiaq. She has also employed the same personal assistant, Katrin Wright, since she joined Scotia and this has helped promote consistency and continuity. 4.Coordinating activities:Henri Fayol think coordination is to make things and actions have appropriate proportion. And Henri Fayol think meeting system can solve the inconsistency between departments, this meeting is the purpose of the enterprise according to the work progress about the development direction, clear between various departments should be cooperation, the use of leaders to attend the meeting opportunities to solve various problems of common concern. Scotia Airways also have the Trade Union.5.Controlling performance: Control is to confirm whether the work of the enterprise has been consistent and plan. A key driver of the success of Scotia Airways is the management focus upon the level and quality of service output.Managers in the management work for the performance of the three characters: interpersonal roles, the role of information and decision roles. As information role, Scotia airways must ensure that employees known, in expansion stage, which is the influence about their work in that time, even they will worry about expansion plans. And they also should make them understand their own job content. When Scotia airways decided to expand, decision-making roles main function is to develop detailed expansion plans, such as how to expand, expansion where, and what the customer group is their goal. Interpersonal role directly result from managers formal power base, managers in dealing with members and other stakeholders of relations, they play a role in interpersonal. In the Scotia airways expansion stage, communication role must effectively promote communication.2.2Describe the value of two mechanisms to measure managerial performance Staff turnover management refers to from the perspective of social capital, the human resources of the injection, internal flow and outflow of plan, organization, coordination and control process. Staff turnover management purpose is to ensure that the organization of human resource availability, and meet the organization of the present and future human needs and employees career need. Reasonable employee turnover should be helpful for the improvement of employee satisfaction and employee involvement are reinforced, to improve the ability of his employees. Reasonable employee turnover should be promote staff development and improvement of power. Before the expansion, Scotia Airways staff turnover is in a relatively low level, so their performance and the performance is very good. After the expansion, due to increase the new employees, at this time, the staff turnover become uncertain. So the staff turnover can serve as the value of mechanism that could be used to measure managerial performance.If the enterprise management of good, so the staff turnover will be at the right level, and it will not affect the performance of the company. On the other hand, the enterprise will loss talents, thus affecting the development of the company. Absenteeism is a habitual pattern of absence from a duty or obligation. Traditionally, absenteeism has been viewed as an indicator of poor individual performance, as well as a breach of an implicit contract between employee and employer; it was seen as a management problem.For Scotia Airways,before expansion,its absenteeism should be appropriate.And it also due to increase the new employees, the absenteeism becomes uncertain.For Scotia Airways, if they have the good management about absenteeism,they can produce the following advantages: The frist is that it can make staff idle efficiency effectively play out. First some absence is inevitable, but a lot of absence is by the ailment or other is not necessary to the cause. Secondly can make attendance good staff put work attitude, work seriously. Because a perfect absence management system for providing a fair and consistent working environment;. The second is it can make enterprise in solving problems in his absence perfect. Because a lot of problems and not out in the staff body, so from their own managers must find root and an effective solution. This is helpful for the standardization of the enterprise system and further development. At the same time absence management can also radiation effects on the enterprise internal management of other details, such as overtime management, file management, etc.The third is to make the enterprise is more cohesion. Because in the absence of management, enterprise if can understand reason for absence and can effectively solve, can increase staff to enterprises sense of identity and sense of belonging. This can not only play the enthusiasm of the employees and creative, but also save the enterprise internal performance management cost. So absenteeism also can be a value of mechanism to assess managerial performance in Scotia Airways.2.3Identify and explain a behavioral theory of leadership Managerial grid theory is the study of enterprise leadership and the effectiveness of the theory, the theory advocated by grid mapping and research leadership.(MBA Library,2011)In the practical management work, on the one hand, should attach great importance to the hands of the work, want to arrange enough task to subordinates, puts forward strict requirements, and should have discipline inspection commission regulations safeguard; On the other hand, would be very concerned about the subordinate people, including concerned about their interests, create good working conditions and working environment, and give appropriate material and spiritual encouragement, etc. Thus, to improve the subordinates enthusiasm and work efficiency. According to the enterprise managers performance concern and the concern for people degree of combination, can be divided into five types of leadership. In theory the best is the ideal type leader, its production and the people are very concerned about, to work and the people are very into, in the management process of the enterprise production needs and the needs of individuals in close integration with, can not only bring the improvement of productivity and profits, and can make the employees get career achievement and satisfaction. It also can help leader to understand and analyze those relative managerial behaviors and help them to assess the effectiveness of staffsperformance.And to find a new way to gain suggestions.This model can clearly illustrate the emphasis of a manageIn Scotia Airways,especially in the expansion period, the production and to the attention of the people are very important, and then, based on such a situation managers should be accurate to judge their own management type, and evaluation, find my own shortcomings. The appropriate self evaluation, management personnel also need to carry out targeted training, to improve management, improve the level of management, and ultimately form a team type management style. This is a kind of individual and organization, work and the emotion to achieve highly harmonious management mode. Leaders not only to the work and personnel are to be highly concerned, but also integrate them. The essence of the management team type is to establish a personal development and organization of the inner link between growth, the individual through the organizational goals for the team cohesion, the organization in individual self-fulfillment achievement in. This type of leader, will put their focus on policy, plan will be with interested parties to complete the organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures can do clear clear, perfect rules. For men, and a good guidance. So this theory can promote the development of Scotia Airways. 2.4Identify and explain either a contingency or transformational theory of leadership The Hersey - Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory was created by Dr Paul Hersey, a professor and author of The Situational Leader, and Ken Blanchard, author of the best selling The One - Minute Manager, among others. The theory states that instead of using just one style, successful leaders should change their leadership styles based on the maturity of the people theyre leading and the details of the task.(GRIN Verlag, 2007 ,p36 ) Using this theory, leaders should be able to place more or less emphasis on the task, and more or less emphasis on the relationships with the people theyre leading, depending on whats needed to get the job done successfully.The theory is that the core of leadership of the different style depends on the staffs maturity. And maturity is and employees is proportional to the self management, and leadership style is inversely proportional .In Scotia Airways,for staffs, the more mature, the less the guidance of the leadership. There are four kinds of leadership.The frist is directing or telling,it has the high directive and low supportive.Definition from his followers and tell them how to do their job.And problem solving and decision making initiated by the leader.The second is coaching or selling,it has the high directive and high supportive.Leader now attempts to hear followers suggestions, ideas, and opinions.its two-way communication,And its control over decision making remains with the leader.The third is supporting and participating,it has high supportive but low directive.They are focus of control shifts to follower.The fourth is delegating,it has low supportive and low directive.Leader discusses problems with followers.Decision making is Hhndled by the subordinate.In Scotia Airways,Rosa Dallevic is in overall charge, assisted by her long-term colleague, Azim Ishtiaq. She has also employed the same personal assistant, Katrin Wright, since she joined Scotia and this has helped promote consistency and continuity. This is the moderate to high competence, variable commitment.2.5 Analyze how theories of leadership could be used to improve how managers lead staff through this change. Action-Centred Leadership can assists managers to decide the focus elements depending on the situation. In Scotia Airways of expansion, it has developed a reputation for its strict adherence to the UK civil aviation standards, the level of service provision it offers over and above the minimum consumer travel protection schemes and its proactive role in identifying and meeting customer needs. It also focus on achieve task element, Action-Centred Leadership can assist manager to manage the organization and individual needs. The requirements of the balance of the three elements properly, the manager can achieve their goals a lot easier.A key driver of the success of Scotia Airways is the management focus upon the level and quality of service output.Action-Centred Leadership can provide a basic management framework, so the organization can specify the need of training.A good leader can be trained.So the leader should be retained.It can assists managers make decisions goals and fu