2011屆高考英語話題作文專題突破(1)---個人情況、家庭、朋友及周圍的人.doc

2011屆高考英語話題作文專題突破（1）-個人情況、家庭、朋友及周圍的人 編寫人：陳勃 審核人：鄧開盛 2011-2-19一、新課標解讀：指本人、家人、鄰居、同學(xué)、老師、朋友和其他人的情況介紹。包括姓名、年齡、生日、出生地、地址、電話號碼、QQ號、電子郵箱、職業(yè)、品格、性格、習(xí)慣、毅力、責任、個性心理、意志品質(zhì)、業(yè)績或成就；所在學(xué)校、年級、班級，等等。還有球星影星、同時代的出現(xiàn)在各領(lǐng)域的名人(contemporary famous people)、科學(xué)家、領(lǐng)袖人物、歷史人物(historical persons)及其趣聞軼事。二、命題預(yù)測：A基礎(chǔ)寫作: 自我介紹(自薦信、個人簡歷)；名人簡歷；名人軼事；寫競選演講稿；寫求職書或應(yīng)聘信；選擇網(wǎng)友、筆友的條件；志愿者申請書、推薦信等。B讀寫任務(wù)：請就性格、習(xí)慣、毅力、責任、態(tài)度等發(fā)表看法； 你認為什么品質(zhì)或態(tài)度等能帶來成功及其理由；你認為怎樣才能受人歡迎? 從某人的失敗或成功中，你學(xué)到了什么? 等等。三、寫作指導(dǎo)1體裁：記敘文（或應(yīng)用文）2基本類型：記人（結(jié)合敘事）3常見高考書面表達題：介紹同學(xué)，朋友，老師，父母，名人等等4記敘方法：順敘（倒敘，插敘）5注意事項：選材代表性；精煉，感人，不拖泥帶水；注意5W1H；人稱時態(tài)6常見段落結(jié)構(gòu)：主題句發(fā)展句結(jié)論句四、如何寫人（How to introduce or describe a person ）A.必備詞匯：I. 姓名 My name is ; Im ; He is a five-year-old boy who is called Tom; A man named Jack was- -II. 年齡 (1) a boy aged five 一個五歲的男孩(2) at the age of five在五歲時(3)in my teens /twenties在我十/二十多歲時(4 ) As a child, I liked to. 我小時候喜歡III. 出生及家庭背景(1)was born in . 出生在; Born in Guangdong Province , Yijianlian is - - -(2)be/come from a wealthy family出生于富裕人家(3)was born into a peasant family出生于一個農(nóng)民家庭（4）live a hard / happy lifeIV. 外表(1)a 1.80-meter-tall boy 一個高1.8米的男孩(2)overweight胖的；thin瘦的；slim苗條的；strong強壯的(3)look young for ones age 顯得比實際年齡年輕(4)good-looking 長得好看；plain-looking 長得一般(5)well dressed 穿得漂亮； neatly dressed 衣著干凈整潔能力V. 性格或品質(zhì)好的方面：active / confident / considerate / honest / brave / gentle / optimistic / polite / positive diligent / modest / helpful / reliable / hard-working/ generous / wise / kind / friendly /easy-going / clever / enthusiastic /ambitious /loyal / independent etc.壞的方面(或中性)：proud / shy / mad / rude /cruel / greedy / lazy / selfish / stubborn / mean /strange / foolish / careless / indifferent / nervous / bad-tempered /impatient / etc.VI. 能力(1)efficient辦事高效率的(2)intelligent有智力的；creative 富創(chuàng)造力的(3)a boy with great ability 能干的男孩(4)a qualified teacher 一名合格的教師(5)speak fluent English 講流利的英語(6)have a gift for 有的天賦(7)be skilled in 在方面熟練(8)be experienced in 在方面有經(jīng)驗VII. 教育經(jīng)歷study in/ graduate from從畢業(yè)./ be admitted into被大學(xué)錄取./ be majored in專業(yè)是/ get higher education接受更高的教育/go abroad for further study出國深造/ receive a bachelors/masters/doctors degree獲得學(xué)士、碩士，博士學(xué)位/ gain scholarship 獲得獎學(xué)金/ get good grades獲得好成績 / study harder than ever before /make great progress in English / VIII. 事跡或成就serve as, （做工作）/be determined to do/do research into this field /devote oneself to（致力于）/try ones best to do sth / have a good way of doing sth / work day and night / make full use of time / / give up ones life for sth / receive the Nobel Prize for Physics / win a gold/silver/copper medal 獲得金/銀/銅牌gain/win the first prize/place 獲得一等獎/第一名make contributions to （做貢獻）achieve our dream of - - -IX. 他人評價set a good example to（樹立一個好榜樣）be famous at home and abroad（國內(nèi)外出名）, , be given the title of. 獲得稱號be honored as（被授予）be rewarded / be regarded as / be considered to be / a model worker /an inspiring leader/ be famous as / be respected by / speak highly of / think well of / X. 其它 （如 健康、興趣和愛好、個人情感、人際關(guān)系等等）略B. 寫人經(jīng)典句型1. 知識面廣Ive read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields.2. 英語好Im fond of English and do well in both speaking and writing.3. 善于交際I would like to make friends with people working in different areas.She gets on well with almost anyone and is always welcome wherever she goes.她與任何人都能相處的很好，無論到哪都很受歡迎。4. 樂于助人I am ready to help anyone in need.Being kind and helpful, she always enjoys helping others out.她善良，樂于助人，總是愿意幫助別人解決困難。5. 合作精神Im easy to get along with and enjoy working together with others.6. 承諾I make sure that if Im admitted to _, Ill spare no effort to _ .7. 其它In her spare time, she spends much time listening to music and reading novels.業(yè)余時間她喜歡聽音樂讀小說。 C. 寫人常用結(jié)尾句：1)他不僅是我們的老師也是我們的朋友， 我們尊重他愛戴他。He is not only our teacher but also our friend. We all respect and love him.2)他是我們學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣。He has set a very good example for us all to follow.3)有他這樣的朋友我感到很驕傲。I feel proud to have such a friend.4)這就是我的父親：勤勞、善良。我愛我的父親。My father is such a person: kind-hearted and hard-working. I love my father.5）It was Pauls first important lesson as a student of chemistry and he never forgot it.這就是保羅這個學(xué)化學(xué)的學(xué)生所上的重要的第一課，而他一直沒有忘記這堂課。五、經(jīng)典范文模仿1.【2006年全國卷I】假定你是李華，亞洲冬季運動會將在你居住的地方舉辦，現(xiàn)正在招募志愿者，你希望成為其中一員。請按要求用英文給組委會寫一封信。內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括：1.個人情況：年齡，性別，學(xué)歷 2.個人條件：英語好，愛好體育，善于交際，樂于助人，熟悉本地情況 3.承諾：提供最佳服務(wù)Dear Sir or Madam, My name is Li Hua. I would like to work as a volunteer for the Winter Asian Games. Im a 16-year-old girl who has just graduated from a senior school. I think I am a proper member in the organization. Now, let me introduce myself to you. Firstly, my English is very good. I can talk with foreigners fluently. Secondly, Im interested in athletics. And Im good at taking up with others. When my friends get in trouble, I often help them actively. Thirdly, Im so familiar with this place that I can lead anyone to where he wants to go. I make sure that if my application is accepted, Ill offer the best service to people. Im looking forward to your answer.寫作點撥：人物介紹類作文主要組成部分：a. 基本情況：姓名、性別、學(xué)歷、愛好、單位b. 個人條件：1）知識面、英語水平、個人特長；2）交際能力、合作精神、相關(guān)經(jīng)歷。3）目的、承諾、希望等。2. 【2010年浙江卷】 最近，李越被評為你們班的“每周之星”。請你根據(jù)她的事跡（在上周六下午，不顧天氣的炎熱，為班級選購歌詠比賽服裝），用英語為班級板報寫一篇100120個詞的短文。 你的文章應(yīng)包括下列要點：1.李越的事跡及其對同學(xué)的影響；2.你的評論。注意：1. 文章的標題和開頭已給出（不計詞數(shù)）。3.參考詞匯：singing contest 歌詠比賽 costume 服裝 Star Student of the Week Li Yue has been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for what she did for our class. On the hot afternoon of last Saturday, Li Yue went downtown and walked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest. While the rest of us were enjoying our leisure time in cool and comfortable rooms, she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting. Finally, she found the right clothes. Deeply moved by her efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest. Li Yue is always warm-hearted and cares a lot about the class. Besides, she often devotes her spare time to helping others. She deserves the honor and we should learn from her. 3. 下面是從【2006年湖南卷】范文里挖掘出本題材的一個寫人的黃金模板。 is the one who impresses me most., Though is - - -years old, he looks very young for his age. And hes one of the most popular _.Compared with other _. pays more attention to _ .He tries various ways to make _ . In his opinion, we should not only know _, but also understand _. So , instead of _, he encourage us to _. With his help. weve learned how to analyze and settle problems. What a wonderful world of “why” he leads us to!He is such a learned person that we all admire hem very much.2011屆高考英語話題作文訓(xùn)練材料（1）-個人情況、家庭、朋友及周圍的人一、基礎(chǔ)篇 按要求把下面句子翻譯成英文：1. 姚明身高2.26米，體重134公斤，出生與1980年月12日，上海。（同位語）我的英語老師是一位漂亮的女人，她長著兩只大眼睛，留著長發(fā).（with短語）Michael Phelps 一位世界出名的游泳運動員，出生與1985年美國。（分詞狀語）4.2006 年，在打破世界紀錄并獲金牌之后，Michael Phelps成了年輕人的偶像。（分詞狀語）5.雷鋒給我們樹立了一個好榜樣，所以人們都應(yīng)該向他學(xué)習(xí)。(并列句)6.他不但對科學(xué)感興趣而且有音樂天賦。（not only 句首倒裝）7.但他還是個小男孩是，他就夢想成為美國總統(tǒng)。（when）8. 在克服了所有的困難，經(jīng)歷了許多痛苦后，劉翔終于獲得了冠軍。（強調(diào)句）9.以驚人的毅力，叢飛痛苦的與癌癥奮斗了5年。（ with 短語）10.我們都知道，尊敬父母是中國的傳統(tǒng)美德。（it 形式主語）11.有的父母認為沒有必要叫小孩做家務(wù)，因為他們只期待他們成績好。（it形式賓語）12.由于貧窮，在他14歲的時候，他被迫輟學(xué)。（被動）13.2008年11月，Obama被選為美國第44 任總統(tǒng),成為美國歷史上的第一位黑人總統(tǒng)。（被動，分詞狀語）14.我希望我們可以更多地相互了解和更好地理解對方。（賓語從句）15 .當你有困難的時候，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)有朋友在身邊是有幫助的。（ it形式賓語，省略）一、翻譯練習(xí)參考答案：1. Yaoming, 2.26 meters in height and 134 kilograms in weight, was born in Shanghai on September 12th 1980.2. My English teacher is a beautiful woman, with big eyes and long hair.3. Born in America in 1985, Michael Phelps is a world-famous swimmer.4. In 2006, having broken the world record and got the gold medal, Michael Phelps became the idol of the youth.5. Leifeng set a good example to us, so all the people should learn from him.6. Not only is he interested in science, but also he has a gift for music.7. When he was only a little boy, he dreamt of becoming president of the United States.8. It was after overcoming all the difficulties and going through all the hardships that Liuxiang got the champion.9. With great perseverance, Congfei fought against cancer painfully for 5 years, 10. As we all know, it is one of Chinas traditional values to respect parents.11. Some parents think it unnecessary to have their children do housework, because they only expect them to do well in their lessons.12. He was forced to leave school at the age of 14 because of poverty.13. On November 4th, 2008, he was elected the 44th President of the United States, making him the first black President of the country.14. I hope we can know more about each other and understand better about each other.15. You will find it helpful to have so many good friends around you when in trouble.二、作文篇 第一節(jié) 基礎(chǔ)寫作（共1小題，滿分15分）下周一，你將在班會課上介紹你最喜歡的外籍老師-Mandy。請根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容， 寫一篇英文發(fā)言稿。寫作內(nèi)容基本情況對我們要求很嚴格，是我們學(xué)校最受歡迎的老師之一興趣愛好聽音樂、演講喜歡她的理由1. 備課認真，善于鼓勵我們多講英語；擅長于最清晰、最簡單的方式給我們傳授知識。2. 有很多方式使課堂生動有趣，讓我們難忘。3. 很注意我們提出的問題，所以當我們提出一些很簡單的問題時， 也從來不覺得尷尬。結(jié)論我堅信，在她的教導(dǎo)下， 我們在英語學(xué)習(xí)中會取得好成績。寫作要求1. 只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容；2. 信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不包含在5個句子中；3. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱。評分標準句子結(jié)構(gòu)準確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。My dear fellow students, Good afternoon. Thank you for giving me this precious opportunity to introduce Mandy, my favorite teacher, to you all. Thats all. Thank you for your listening.第二節(jié) 讀寫任務(wù) (共1小題，滿分25分) 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。I lose so many things that I could believe that they just walk away by themselves. Most of my friends have such good habits that they never lose anything. They seem to have a place for everything, and things are always where they should be. I hate comparing my habits with them. Some things have a terrible habit of making themselves away when I need them. Pencils and ballpoint pens are never anywhere near the telephone when it rings, no matter how much care I seem to take. Can openers always manage to wander out into the yard someplace and so, opening a can is always a big problem. I decided to change. I had a big box built and put all the things in it. I had a lock installed on it, believing nothing could escape. This was a perfect idea- until I lost the key to the box!【寫作內(nèi)容】1）以約30個詞概括這篇短文的主要內(nèi)容；2）然后以約120個詞就“習(xí)慣的價值”這個主題發(fā)表你的看法，內(nèi)容包括：（1）說說你生活中的某些或某個習(xí)慣的結(jié)果。（2）你如何看待你的習(xí)慣？（3）談?wù)劻?xí)慣的價值。(如談與個人成功的關(guān)系等) 寫作要求1. 作文中可以使用實例或其他論述方法支持你的論點，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱。 評分標準概括準確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，語篇連貫。參考答案二、參考范文1. My dear fellow students, Good afternoon. Thank you for giving me this precious opportunity to introduce Mandy, my favorite teacher, to you all. Mandy, whose hobbies are listening to music and making speeches, has been working as an English teacher in our class since last year, who is strict with us and one of the most popular teachers in our school. The reason why I like her most is that she prepares lessons carefully and is good at encouraging us to speak English as much as possible and providing us with knowledge in the clearest and simplest way. In addition, she has many ways to make her classes lively and interesting., which makes what we have learned unforgettable in class. Moreover, she pays attention to all our questions, so we never feel embarrassed to ask some very simple questions. Therefore, I firmly believe that we will do well in learning English with Mandy teaching us. Thats all. Thank you for your listening.2.讀寫任務(wù) Form a Good Habit This t