IMC國際數(shù)學(xué)競賽小菁英~英文培訓(xùn)營.ppt

IMC國際數(shù)學(xué)競賽小菁英 英文培訓(xùn)營 英文講師 李靜儀老師 1 1正負數(shù) 整數(shù)integer正整數(shù)positiveinteger負整數(shù)negativeinteger分?jǐn)?shù)fraction正分?jǐn)?shù)positivefraction負分?jǐn)?shù)negativefraction數(shù)線numberline交換律commutativelaw分配律distributivelaw倒數(shù)reciprocal 1 2絕對值 大於morethan小於lessthan絕對值absolute相反數(shù)oppositenumber線段segment距離distance範(fàn)圍range線段中點mid pointofalinesegment 1 3指數(shù)律 指數(shù)indexnumber平方square立方cube科學(xué)記號scientificnotation底數(shù)basenumber指數(shù)律Indexlaw 1 4因數(shù)與倍數(shù) 因數(shù)factor公因數(shù)commonfactor最大公因數(shù)greatestcommonfactor倍數(shù)公倍數(shù)commonmultiple最小公倍數(shù)leastcommonmultiple輾轉(zhuǎn)相除法divisionalgorithm短除法shortdivision 1 5質(zhì)數(shù)與合數(shù) 質(zhì)數(shù)primenumber合數(shù)compositenumber質(zhì)因數(shù)qualityfactor因數(shù)分解factorization標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分解式standarddecomposition互質(zhì)coprime 1 6分?jǐn)?shù) 分?jǐn)?shù)fraction正分?jǐn)?shù)positivefraction負分?jǐn)?shù)negative最簡分?jǐn)?shù)themostsimplefraction通分commondenominator擴分expansionofafraction約分reductionofafraction 1 7一元一次方程式 一元一次方程式simpleequation括號小括號parenthesis中括號bracket大括號brace符號symbol未知數(shù)unknownnumber代數(shù)algebra恆等式identity 2 1二元一次方程式 二元一次方程式duallinearequation聯(lián)立方程式simultaneousequations解一組解onesolution多組解Infinitelysolutions無解nosolution加減消去法eliminationbyadditionorsubtraction代入消去法eliminationbysubstitution 2 2平面直角座標(biāo) 座標(biāo)平面coordinateplanes軸線axisX軸XaxisY軸Yaxis座標(biāo)coordinate直線方程式linearequation交點pointofintersection象限quadrant 2 3比例 簡單整數(shù)比simpleintegerratio比例中項proportionalmean連比continuesproportion正比directproportion反比inverseproportion前項antecedent後項consequent 2 4函數(shù) 函數(shù)function常數(shù)函數(shù)constantfunction線型函數(shù)linearfunction變數(shù)variable函數(shù)圖形graphofafunction繪圖drawing應(yīng)變數(shù)correspondingtothevariables自變數(shù)independentvariables 2 5不等式 不等式Inequality大於或等於greaterthanorequalto小於或等於lessthanorequalto遞移律transitivelaw超過exceed未滿under以上above以下below 3 1乘法公式 二項式乘法公式binomialtheorem完全平方和thesquaresummationoftheformula完全平方差thesquaredifferenceoftheformula平方差squaredifference分配律distributivelaw 3 2多項式 係數(shù)coefficient升冪排列ascendingpower降冪排列descendingpower多項式polynomial常數(shù)項constantterm零次多項式polynomialofdegreezero分離係數(shù)separationfactor同類項similarterms 3 3平方根 被開方數(shù)radicand根號radical開方extractionofaroot最簡根式simplestradical開方法extractionofroot十分逼近法Euclidianalgorithm有理化rationalized 3 4勾股定理 勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem股share斜邊hypotenuse面積area近似值approximatevalue重根doubleroot相異根distinctroots 3 5因式分解 因式分解factorization公因式commonfactor十字交乘法methodofcrossbycross配方法methodofcompletingthesquare 3 6一元二次方程式 一元二次式quadraticequation公式解solutionformula本利和amount年利率annualrateofinterest單利simpleinterest 4 1等差數(shù)列 首項firstterm公差commondifference等差中項arithmeticmean等差數(shù)列arithmeticsequence等差級數(shù)arithmeticseries 4 2幾何圖形 一 圓周角angleofcircumference弦chord對頂角verticalangle尺規(guī)做圖constructionwithrulerandcompasses內(nèi)錯角interioralternateangle弓形segment切點pointoftangency切線tangent 4 2幾何圖形 二 平行線parallellines同位角correspondingangles弧長arclength弧度radian垂線perpendicularlines角平分線bisectorofanangle頂角vertexangle扇形sector 4 2幾何圖形 三 圓心centerofacircle圓周circumferenceofacircle圓周長circumference半徑radius直徑diameter 4 3三角形 一 鈍角obtuseangle銳角acuteangle餘角complementangle互餘complementary互補supplementary補角supplementaryangle直角rightangle 4 3三角形 二 等腰三角形isoscelestriangle直角三角形righttriangle鈍角三角形obtusetriangle銳角三角形acutetriangle底角baseangle頂角vertexangle 4 4四邊形 梯形trapezoid平行四邊形parallelogram對角線diagonal對邊oppositeside鄰邊adjacentside菱形rhombus等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid 4 5補充 等根equalroot虛線imaginaryline圓周率ratioofthecircumferenceofthecircletothediameter自然數(shù)naturalnumber長方形rectangle夾角includedangle小數(shù)的循環(huán)節(jié)recurringperiod 5 1相似形 比例線段proportionalsegment相似三角形similartriangles對稱軸axisofsymmetry外角平分線externalbisector全等三角形congruenttriangles 5 2圓的性質(zhì) 割線secant外切externalcontact外接圓circumscribedcircle外切圓externallytangentcircle內(nèi)切圓inscribedcircle 5 3幾何證明 內(nèi)心incenter外心circumcenter重心focus垂心orthocenter弦切角xianqiejiao 5 4二次函數(shù) 拋物線para