B5u4Grammar倒裝.doc

Book 5 Unit 4 倒裝 彭東渝課前回顧和預(yù)習(xí)：1. 什么是倒裝？英語句子的基本語序是“主語+謂語+其他成分”，即主語在前，謂語在后。但在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，因語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要，或是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，常把句子的整個(gè)謂語或謂語的一部分移到主語之前，就構(gòu)成了倒裝。2.倒裝的有幾種？英語的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種：部分倒裝，即謂語的一部分移到主語之前；全部倒裝，即整個(gè)謂語都移到主語之前一、部分倒裝1. 課文回顧并判斷屬于部分倒裝還是全部倒裝。1) Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China. ( _) 2) Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skill. ( _) 3) Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. ( _) 4) Only when he returned did he find out the truth. ( _)5）Here comes my list of “dos” and “donts”.( _)2、部分倒裝歸納總結(jié)指將謂語的一部分如（ ）或（ ）倒裝至主語之前,而謂語動(dòng)詞無變化。如果句中的謂語沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞（ ），（ ）或（ ），并將其置于主語練習(xí): (1) Only then _ _ _ (我才意識(shí)到) the important of English.(2) Seldom _ _ _ _（我去上班） by bus. (3) Only in this way _ _ _ it well. (4) By no means _ _ _ _(父母對(duì)。滿意)with my progress.3、部分倒裝分成以下幾種情況：1）、Only副詞/ 介詞短語/狀語或者狀語從句放在句首時(shí)； e.g. (1). Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. (2).Only by practicing everyday can you learn English well.練習(xí): (1) Only in this way _ _ _ our English. (2) Only lately _ _ _ （我才見到）the professor on campus. (3) Only when he returned _ _ _ _ （他才發(fā)現(xiàn)）the truth.2）、用于 never, hardly, seldom, little, at no time, in no way, by no means, not only, not until, rarely等否定詞開頭的句子里 eg : (1) Never have I seen such a performance.（2）At no time are you allowed to smoke here.練習(xí): (1) Seldom _ _(他)eat breakfast.（2）Hardly_ _ (她能) believe her own eyes. (3 ) Little_ _ _ _(他在意) what I said.3). 用于no soonerthan和hardly/ scarcely when, not until句型中。eg: (1 ) No sooner had she gone out than the class began.(2 ) Hardly had I sat down when he stepped into the room.(3 ) Not until he had entered the university did he realize the important of time.歸納總結(jié): （1）含有no soonerthan和hardly/ scarcely when的主從復(fù)合句中，no sooner，hardly/ scarcely所在的主句_（倒裝，不倒裝），than，when所在的從句_。（2）含not until 的句子中，not until位于句首時(shí)主句_（倒裝，不倒裝），從句_（倒裝，不倒裝）。 練習(xí): (1) Not until the child fell asleep _ _(媽媽) leave the room. (2).No sooner _ _ _ _(他上床)than he fell asleep.(3).Hardly_ _ _(剛到家)home when the phone began to ring.4). 只有當(dāng)Not only but also連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，Eg: (1) Not only can mp3s provide us with fun, but also they can help us learn English well.(2 ) Not only you but also I am fond of music.歸納總結(jié): 只有當(dāng)Not only but also連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，才在_（第一個(gè)，第二個(gè)）分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置于句首的Not only but also僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語，_（用，不用）倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。練習(xí): (1) Not only _ _ _(Tom 熱愛)Chinese, but he is also good at speaking it. （2）Not only_ _ _ (我認(rèn)識(shí))him, but I am also his friend. 5). 在 so / such that 的結(jié)構(gòu)中,若so/such 置于句首,則主句倒裝。eg: (1) Such an interesting book is it that John has read it twice.(2 ). So interesting a book is it that John has read it twice練習(xí): (1).So loudly _ _（他說）that even people in the next room could hear him. (2).Such a kind lady _ _(她是)that we all respect her. 6). 用于 so, nor, neither 開頭的句子,表示重復(fù)的內(nèi)容。此句謂語應(yīng)與前句謂語的時(shí)態(tài)形式一致。eg: (1). Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. （意思：我也不能 ）(2 ). He has been to Beijing. So have I.（意思：我也去過）練習(xí): (1) I have never been abroad. _ _ _(他也沒有) (2) He went to college four years ago and _ _ _(我也是) 7). 用于省略if 的虛擬條件句，將were，had，should移到主語前eg: (1) If you had reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.= Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.(2). If it should snow, what should we do? = Should it snow, what should we do?(3). If you hadnt helped me, I would have failed.= Hadnt you helped me, I would have failed.練習(xí): (1) If I were in his position(=_ _ in his position ), I wouldnt do it that way.(2). If I had known it (= _ _ known it ), I would have phoned you.二、全部倒裝1. 用于 there be 句型eg: There are many students in the classroom.原句自然順序是：Many students are there in the classroom.練習(xí): (1) 這里有好多蘋果。_注意：以引導(dǎo)詞there開頭的句子，須使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，除 there be 外，還有there live / stand / lie / exist等。eg (1). There lived an old fisherman near the sea.(2). There stands a tall building in the centre of the town. 用于副詞“here ，there, now, then等 + 不及物動(dòng)詞 + 主語(名詞)的句型中, 或以out, in, up, down, away 等副詞開頭的句子里面,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。eg (1). Here comes the bus. (2). There goes the bell.(3). Now comes our turn. (4). Out went the children練習(xí): (1). 汽車來了。_（2）.墻上掛著一幅畫。_（3）小狗沖了出來。_（rush out）（4）這里女孩離開了。_.(go away)注意：代詞作主語時(shí), 主謂語序不變。eg：Here you are ! 3.介詞放在句首，作地點(diǎn)狀語時(shí)，也常引起全部倒裝。eg：（1）In the cottage lives a family of six.（2）Under the tree stands a little boy.練習(xí): (1) 教室前面（in front of）是一個(gè)操場(chǎng)。_（2）很多樹聳（stand）在山頂上。_語法訓(xùn)練一單項(xiàng)選擇1. 1. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. C A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize2. Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday. A A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made 3. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realized D. didnt the villagers realized4. Only in this way _ do it well. C A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 5. Hardly _ when it began to rain. A A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive 6. No sooner _ his talk than he _ by the workers. C A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded D. after he finished; was surrounded 7. Little _ know about verbs, Franz _ his head. A A. did he; dare not lift B. he; dare not lift C. did he; dare not to lift D. doesnt; doesnt dare lift 8. If Joes wife wont go to the party, _. B (2007全國(guó)卷) A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will9. How was the televised debate last night? B Super! Rarely _ so much media attention. (2007 上海卷) A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate10. My room gets very cold at night. C _. (2007 江蘇卷) A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine do二、把下列句子改為倒裝。1. I have never seen him before. _ I seen him.2. she had hardly gone out when a student came to see her._ when a student came to see her.3. I didnt go there. he didnt go there either. I didnt go there, _4. A terrible Genie(妖怪) stood before the fisherman.Before