歷屆高考試題中的狀語從句.doc

狀語從句常見考點(diǎn)透析與解讀狀語從句是每年高考單項(xiàng)填空部分必考的題目之一。考查的重點(diǎn)是考生容易混淆較近似的連詞在邏輯行文和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)中的使用。縱觀近幾年各省市高考題，從中可以看出命題者把著眼點(diǎn)放在了對條件狀語、讓步狀語、時間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語從句的考查，時而涉及目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句和原因狀語從句。下面選取近幾年各省市的高考試題歸納分析，使考生通過典型實(shí)例，把握高考對狀語從句的命題規(guī)律，幫助同學(xué)們更好地解答此類題目。一、基本狀語從句的考查常見的狀語從句有：時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、目的狀語從句、原因狀語從句、比較狀語從句和方式狀語從句，共八種?？疾樽疃嗟氖菚r間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句。（一）條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有if ,unless (=if not如果不，除非)，as/so long as, when (=considering that既然，考慮到)，while（=as long as只要），supposing that, provided that, in case（假使），on condition that (在的條件下)等等?！镜湫涂祭浚?）I wont call you, _ something unexpected happens. （2007全國卷1） A. unless B. whether C. because D. while解析：句意是“除非有想不到的事情發(fā)生，否則我不會給你打電話”。故選答案A。（2）_ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. （2007全國卷2） 解析；句意是“要是John沒有傷到腿，他就在比賽中獲勝了”。故選答案A。A. IfB. SinceC. ThoughD. When（3）You will be successful in the interview you have confidence. （2007福建卷）A. beforeB. onceC. untilD. though解析：句意是“一旦你有了信心，在面試時你就會成功”。故選答案B。（4）How can you expect to learn anything _ you never listen? （2006山東卷）A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when解析：in case萬一，以防；even if即使；unless除非，如果不；when既然，考慮到。句意是“既然你從不聽，那么你怎么能期望學(xué)到東西呢 ”。故選答案D。（二）時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的有：從屬連詞：when，as，while，before，after，since，till/until，as soon as，once，等。名詞短語：next time, every time, the moment, the minute等等?？疾橹攸c(diǎn)：1、在語境中考查從屬連詞基本詞義【典型考例】（5）Wheres that report? （2007北京卷） I brought it to you _you were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday.A. if B. when C. because D. before解析：句意是“當(dāng)你昨天在Mr. Black辦公室的時候我就把那報(bào)告給你了”。所給選項(xiàng)只有B項(xiàng)符合題意，故選B項(xiàng)。2、before的用法：before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句含義頗多，既可以表示“還未來得及就”，也可以表示“在之后才；“在之前就”等含義?！镜湫涂祭浚?）Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? ( 2006四川卷) He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word.A. before B. until C. when D. after解析：考例（6）句意是“你為什么沒告訴他有關(guān)會議的事？我還沒來得及說一句話他就沖出去了?！敝挥衎efore符合句意，故正確答案為A項(xiàng)。3、until的用法：until用于肯定句意思是“到時候，在之前”。指某一動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到until所表示的時間為止。主句謂語動詞多為延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞。until用于否定句意思是“直到才?！北硎局钡酱藭r才開始某個動作，謂語動詞多為非延續(xù)性動詞。（7） It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ weve actually had that lesson. （2007天津卷）A. until B. after C. since D. when 解析：句意是“在親身經(jīng)歷之前，我們很難去體味生活中的教訓(xùn)。”所給選項(xiàng)只有until符合句意，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。在notuntil的句型結(jié)構(gòu)中要對until部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時，要將not提前，與until一起置于被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。盡管強(qiáng)調(diào)的時間，但不可以用when。（8） It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. （2007浙江卷） A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that解析：該題考查的是對“notuntil”句型構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。4、幾種特殊句型結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：（1）It is/was + 時刻 + when從句“某事發(fā)生時是什么時候?！保?）It is/has been + 時間段 + since從句“自從以來有多長時間了。”（3）It will/would be + 時間段 + before 從句“還要過多長時間才”（4）It will/would not be + 時間段 + before 從句“過不了多長時間就會”（5）It was + 時間段 + before從句“過了多長時間才”（6）It was not + 時間段 + before從句“沒過多長時間就”【典型考例】（9）The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again.（2007安徽卷） A. after B. before C. since D. when（10） Did Jack come back early last night? （2005福建） Yes. It was not yet eight o clock_ he arrived home. A. before B. when C. that D. until （11）It is almost five years we saw each other last time. （2005北京春）A. before B. since C. after D. when（12）It was some time _we realized the truth. （2005山東） A. when B. until C. since D. before解析：考例（9）句意是“這項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究將要花Joan和Paul大約5個月的時間。要們還要一段時間才能再次見到他們?！彼栽擃}考查的是句型：It will/would be + 時間段 + before 從句“還要過多長時間才”?？祭?0）句意是“Jack昨晚回來早嗎？是的，他到家時還不到8點(diǎn)”?？疾榈氖蔷湫停篒t is/was + 時刻 + when從句?？祭?1）考查的是句型：It is/has been + 時間段 + since從句；考例（12）考查的是句型：It was + 時間段 + before從句。故正確答案為BBBD。（三）讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：though/although（盡管），even if/even though（即使），no matter how(what，when，which，who，where)，however(whatever，whenever，whichever，whoever，wherever)（無論），as（盡管），while（雖然，盡管），in case（萬一）等?！镜湫涂祭浚?3） Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. （2007浙江卷） A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that 解析：as if 好像，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句；now that既然，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；so that以便，引導(dǎo)目的或結(jié)果狀語從句。句意是“即使很多人知道他的建議頗有價值，但他們?nèi)詫ζ浣ㄗh置若罔聞”。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。（14） _ I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. (2007山東卷)A. As B. Since C. If D. While 解析：as因?yàn)?，引?dǎo)原因狀語從句，since既然，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；if如果，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；while當(dāng)時候，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，也可以表示“雖然，盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。句意是“盡管我不喜歡藝術(shù)，但我還是發(fā)現(xiàn)他的作品很感人?！惫收_答案為選項(xiàng)D。（15） _ tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao. （2007上海春招）A .However the weather is like B. However is the weather likeC. Whatever is the weather like D. Whatever the weather is like解析：句意是“無論明天天氣怎樣，我們的船都將起航去澳門”。however后常緊跟形容詞或副詞，whatever“無論什么”，修飾名詞，或直接在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。（16） _he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. ( 2006全國)A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although解析：句意是“盡管這位老工人科技知識有限，但他卻經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富”。所給選項(xiàng)只有although可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。注意：（1)although與though可互換，都可以與yet，still或nevertheless連用，但不能和but連用。（2)however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時后緊跟形容詞或副詞。（3）while也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，這一點(diǎn)很容易被考生忽視。（四）結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：so that，sothat，suchthat.結(jié)果狀語放在主句之后。常見句型結(jié)構(gòu)有：(1) so + 形容詞/副詞+ that從句；(2) such a/an + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句;(3) so + 形容詞+ a/an + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句；（4）such + 形容詞+ 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句【典型考例】（17） Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. （2007上海卷）A. asB. thatC. whichD. where解析：句意是“流行音樂是社會的一個重要組成部分以至影響到了我們的語言”?？疾榈氖蔷湫停簊uch a/an + 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句。故正確答案為B。注意：在sothat，suchthat結(jié)構(gòu)中一般成分齊全。這也是與as引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別。在soas，suchas這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，as引導(dǎo)定語從句，在句中做成分。（五）目的狀語從句目的狀語從句連詞有：in case“以免，以防萬一” ，in order that“為了，以便”。so that引導(dǎo)狀語從句只能置于主句之后。in order that引導(dǎo)狀語從句可放主句之前或之后。目的狀語從句的謂語常含有can，could，may，might，would等情態(tài)動詞。這也是與結(jié)果狀語從句的一個區(qū)別。【典型考例】（18） Leave your key with a neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day（2007北京卷）A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case解析：ever since 從那時到現(xiàn)在，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；even if即使，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；soon after不久之后，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；in case 以防，以免，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。題意是“留一把鑰匙在鄰居那兒，以防有一天你被關(guān)在門外”。故正確答案為D項(xiàng)。（19）Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea. （2005北京） A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that解析：as soon as一就，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；as a result結(jié)果，常用作插入語；in case以免，以防萬一，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句；so that以便，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。題意是“我喜歡提前20分鐘到，以便我有時間喝一杯茶”。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。（六）地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句由where，anywhere, wherever引導(dǎo)。where指“在某個地方”，wherever指“無論哪里，在任何一個地方”?！镜湫涂祭浚?0）In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help_ there is human suffering. （2006江西卷） A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever解析：題意是“紅十字會也被期望把幫助送到人類受難的地方”,故正確答案為D.（21）If you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. ( 2006天津卷)A. in which B. what C. when D. where解析：題意是“如果你到一個不適合自己的風(fēng)俗的地方，那么就要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”。A項(xiàng)容易錯認(rèn)為是定語從句，它前面缺先行詞，故不成立，正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。注意：使用時，一要注意兩者的含義區(qū)別；二要注意狀語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別；三要注意在狀語從句中不可使用介詞+which引導(dǎo)。四要注意what在名詞從句中表“地點(diǎn)”。出題者既考狀語從句又考定語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)別。還加入名詞性從句這一干擾項(xiàng)。（七）原因狀語從句引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞有：because，as，since，when(既然),now that（既然），seeing that(因?yàn)?, considering that等。注意：for表示的原因并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只是提供一些有利于說明情況的補(bǔ)充說明。且不可位于主句前?！镜湫涂祭浚?2）Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, this was a memory she especially treasured. （2006廣東卷） A. as B. if C. when D. where解析：題意是“Jenny丟失了她在加拿大拍得照片非常難過，因?yàn)槟鞘撬貏e珍惜的一段回憶?！彼o選項(xiàng)只有A項(xiàng)符合題意，故正確答案為A項(xiàng)。(23) How can you expect to learn anything _ you never listen? （2006山東卷）A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when解析：in case萬一；even if即使；unless除非，如果不；when既然。題意是“既然你從未聽，你怎想學(xué)到東西呢”。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。二、狀語從句中的省略1、在時間、條件、讓步、原因等狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致，或從句主語是it，且含有be動詞時，可以將從句主語和be動詞省略?！镜湫涂祭?24) We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. （2007全國卷1） A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with 解析：該題賓語從句中又含有一if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，條件狀語從句中的主語和后面的句子主語一致，且含有be動詞is，所以可以省略從句的主語和be動詞，正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。2、在if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件狀語從句中，如果從句含有助動詞had, should或were時，可以省略連詞if，而將這些助動詞置于主語前。（25）_ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. （2006湖北卷） A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be三、狀語從句中時態(tài)的考查當(dāng)主句是一般將來時，時間、條件等狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來?！镜湫涂祭?(26) What would you do if it tomorrow ? （2005全國卷） We have to carry it on , since weve got everything ready.A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 解析：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。注意：當(dāng)連詞引導(dǎo)的不是狀語從句，而是賓語從句時，從句謂語動詞根據(jù)主語時態(tài)可以用一般將來時或其他時態(tài)。【典型考例】(27) I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone, for I sometimes want to make sure if he home for dinner. ( 2006遼寧卷)A. come B. comesC. has come D. will come解析：if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，而非條件狀語從句，從主句時態(tài)可判斷賓語從句要用一般將來時。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。四、狀語從句中的倒裝1、no sooner than(剛就),hardlywhen（剛就）引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，no sooner, hardly位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝語序，且主句常用過去完成時。【典型考例】（28）Did Linda see the traffic accident? ( 2006天津卷)No, no sooner than it happened.A. had she gone B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone解析：題意是“Linda目睹了那場交通事故嗎？不，她剛離開就發(fā)生了?！眓o sooner置于句首時，要用倒裝語序，且時態(tài)常用過去完成時，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。2、as，though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，常將作表語的形容詞、名詞或動詞置于句首。即使是單數(shù)名詞作表語，置于句首時，前面也不需要不定冠詞修飾?！镜湫涂祭浚?9）_,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. （2007重慶卷）A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound 解析：as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，常將作表語的形容詞置于句首，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。3、sothat，suchthat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，如果將so+形容詞，such+名詞置于句首時，前部分用部分倒裝語序。【典型考例】（30） that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. （2007陜西卷）A. So successful her business wasB. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successfulD. So was her successful business解析：題意是“Maric的事業(yè)如此成功以至于她又在其他地方開辦分支結(jié)構(gòu)?！薄皊o+形容詞”置于句首時，主句部分要用部分倒裝語序，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。五、狀語從句中的虛擬語氣1、if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句中，如果表達(dá)與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，則要用虛擬語氣。從句謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)為：would have done, if從句謂語動詞則用過去完成時?！镜湫涂祭?31) What would have happened_, as far as the river bank? (2001上海) A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther解析：從主句謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出該題是一個與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。從句謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去完成時。省略連詞if后要將助動詞had置于主語前。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。2、在as if引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句中，如果表達(dá)的是真實(shí)情況，則用陳述語氣；如表達(dá)的是一種假設(shè)或無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的某種情況，則用虛擬語氣。(32) Eliza remembers everything exactly as if _ yesterday. （2006北京）A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened解析：題意是“Eliza很清楚地記得每一件事，就像昨天發(fā)生的一樣。”句子表達(dá)的是與現(xiàn)在情況相反的情況，故從句要用一般過去時。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)D。歷屆高考試題中的狀語從句1. How long has this bookshop been in business? _ 1982. ( 94 )A. AfterB. InC. FromD. Since2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _ Father was away in France. ( 94 ) A. asB. thatC. duringD. if3. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. ( 95 ) A. whatB. howC. howeverD. whatever4. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. ( 97 ) A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when5. I am going to the post office. youre there, can you get me some stamps? ( 99 )A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If6. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again. ( 99 ) A. whenB. whereC. thenD. there7. _ youve got the chance, you might as well make full use of it. ( 99 ) A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. As soon as8. Well have to finish the job, _. ( 99 ) A. long it takes howeverB. it takes however long C. long however it takesD. however long it takes9. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer the phone. ( 00 ) A. asB. sinceC. untilD. before10. The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. ( 00 ) A. as long asB. whileC. ifD. even though11. The men will have to wait all day _ the doctor works faster. ( 01春季 ) A. ifB. unlessC. whetherD. that12. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. ( 01春季 ) A. whileB. the momentC. suddenlyD. once13. Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. (02上海春季 ) A. more than twiceB. as twice as many C. twice as many asD. more than twice as many14. How far apart do they live? _ I know, they live in the same neighbourhood. ( 03上海 )A. As long asB. As well asC. As far asD. As often as15. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. ( 03上海 ) A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until16. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. ( 03上海 ) A. when takingB. when takenC. when to takeD. when to be taken17. Dad, Ive finished my assignment. Good, and _ you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me. ( 03上海 )A. wheneverB. whetherC. whateverD. no matter18. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He has never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. (03 北京春季) A. afterB. unlessC. untilD. when19. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. (03 北京 ) A. untilB. whenC. beforeD. as20. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (03 北京 ) A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. WhileD. As long as21. Scientists say it may be five or six years _it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. ( 04 福建 ) A. since B. afterC. beforeD. when22. You should try to get a good nights sleep_much work you have to do . ( 04 湖北 )A. howeverB. no matterC. althoughD. whatever 23. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester . A. thatB. untilC. sinceD. before24. _ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. ( 04 浙江 )A. WhileB. SinceC. AsD. If25. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. ( 04 北京春季 ) A. whenB. whileC. untilD. before26. _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. ( 04 北京春季 ) A. As long asB. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 27. We were told that we should follow the main road_ we reached the central railway station . ( 04 遼寧 )A. wheneverB. untilC. whileD. wherever28. _ you call me to say you re not coming, Ill see you at the theatre. ( 04 四川 ) A. Though B. WhetherC. Until D. Unless29. You can eat food free in my restaurant_ you like. ( 04 重慶 )A. wheneverB. whereverC. whateverD. however30. _I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. ( 04 江蘇 )A. WhileB. SinceC. BeforeD. Unless31. Several weeks had gone by _I realized the painting, was missing. ( 04 )A. asB. beforeC. sinceD. when32. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _ she was bitten on the leg by al lion. ( 04 上海 )A. whenB. while C. since D. once 33. _, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. ( 04上海春季 )A. However the story is amusingB No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing34. It is almost five years we saw each other last time. A. beforeB. sinceC. afterD. when35. What a table ! Ive never seen such a thing before .It is it is long. ( 05 湖北 )A. half not as wide asB. wide not as half asC. not half as wide asD. as wide as not half36. Simon thought his computer was broken his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. ( 05 北京春季 )A. untilB. unlessC. afterD. because37. Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea. ( 05 北京 )A. as soon asB. as a resultC. in caseD. so that38. It wasnt until nearly a month later I received the managers reply. ( 05河南、河北 )A. since B. when C. as D. that 39. Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process (過程)_ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination. （ 05 江蘇 ）A. untilB. butC. unlessD. for40. The old tower must be saved, _ the cost. ( 05 浙江 ) A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. wherever41. You must keep on working in the evening _ you are sure you can finish the task in time. ( 05 安徽 )A. asB. ifC. whenD. unless42. That was really a splendid evening. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much. ( 05 安徽 )A. when B. thatC. beforeD. since43. John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. ( 05 安徽 )A. five foot eight as tall asB. as tall as five foot eightC. as five foot eight tall asD. as tall five foot eight as44. Did Jack come back early last night?Yes. It was not yet eight oclock he arrived home. ( 05 福建 )A. beforeB. w