2013年職稱英語(yǔ)《綜合類B級(jí)》試題及答案.doc

2013年職稱英語(yǔ)綜合類B級(jí)試題及答案第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第115題，每題1分，共15分)下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)有括號(hào)，請(qǐng)為每處括號(hào)部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1. there was something peculiar in the way the smilesa. strangeb. differentc. wrongd. funny2. these animals migrate south annually in search of food.a. travelb. explorec. inlaidd. prefer3. she came across three children sleeping under a bridge.a. passed byb. found by chancec. took a notice ofd. woke up4. as a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.a. expressb. dividec. influenced. voice5. she gets aggressive when she is drunka. offensiveb. worriedc. sleepyd. anxious6. he paused, waiting for her to digest the informationa. withholdb. understandc. exchanged. contact7. he was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.a. taughtb. keptc. changedd. attracted8. come out, or ill bust the door downa. shutb. setc. beatd. break9. the rules are too rigid to allow for human errora. inflexibleb. generalc. complexd. direct10. make sure the table is securely anchoreda. fixedb. repairedc. learnedd. booked11. it seemed incredible that he had been there a week alreadya. rightb. obviousc. uncleard. unbelievable12. the police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of towna. nakedb. cautiousc. blindd. private13. rumors began to circulate about his financial problemsa. spreadb. sendc. heard. confirm14. i have little information as regards her fitness for the posta. atb. withc. aboutd. from15. the contract between the two companies will expire soon.a. shortenb. endc. startd. resume 第2部分：閱讀判斷(第1622題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷;如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇a;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇b;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇c。kicking the habitwhat is a bad habit? the most definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. this consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. bad habit are part of what makes us human.many early habits, like sucking out thumb, are broken when we are very young. we are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. it is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes a part of out life, and becomes “programmed” into our brain.a recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change out habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. during the study program, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them. they then showed the volunteers the same picture again, and gave them new words to associate with them,a few days later, the volunteers were given a test. the researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. it came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second. two weeks later, they were given the same test again. this time, most of them only gave the first set of words. they appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.the study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. we may try to change out ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. the more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.the study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behavior. this is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previous learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.16. boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned17. we can only break bad habits if others tell us to do.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned18. bad habits may return when we are under pressure.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned19. researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned20. the volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned21. the study suggests that it is more difficult to respond what to get rid of.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned22. if we develop bad habits early in life , they are harder to get rid of.a. right b. wrong c. not mentioned答案：cbabc ba 第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第2330題，每題1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第2326題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為指定段落每段選擇1個(gè)小標(biāo)題;(2)第2730題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。traffic jamsno end in sight1 traffic congestion(擁堵)affects people throughout the world.traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. in the u.s., commuters (通勤人員) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the texas transportation institute. while alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.2 the most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing，whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day.in theory, if the toll is high enough，some drivers will cancelheir trips or go by bus or train.and in practice it seems to work：singapore，london and stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.3 another way to reduce rushhour traffic is for employers to implement flextime，which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour.those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars.employers can also allow more staff to telecommute(work from home)so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.4 some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads，especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets.but such techniques do not really keep cars off the road;they only accommodate more of them.5 other, more forwardthinking，planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day，and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment.for this reason, the american government has decided to spend some$7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies.but environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the$50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.23.paragraph 1_24.paragraph 2_25.paragraph 3 _26.paragraph 4_23-26: a e c da.not doing enoughb.a global problemc.changing work practiced.a solution which is no solutione.paying to get inf.closing city centres to traffic27. most american drivers think it convenient to_28. if charged high enough, some drivers may_ to enter certain parts of town.29. building more roads is not an effective way to_30. the u. s. government has planned to _ updating public-transport systems.2730: c a e da.go by busb.encourage more private carsc.drive aroundd.spend more moneye.reduce traffic regularly 第4部分：閱讀理解(第3145題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇on the trial of the honey badgeron a recent field trip to the kalahari desert, a team of researchers learn a lot more about honey badgers. the team employed a local wildlife expert kitso khama to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. their main aim was to study the badgers movements and behavior as discreetly(謹(jǐn)慎地) as possible without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior. they also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animals reputation; this was something that even khama was reluctant to do.“the problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,” he says. “that, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. if they sense you have food, for example, they wont be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. theyre actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious(兇惡的). fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.”the research confirmed many things that were already known. as expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. the researchers were surprised, however, by the animals fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey(獵物). the team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. they were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other.following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers. although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, they are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.as the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the to get up close to them without being the subject of the animals curiosityor sudden aggression. the badgers eating patterns which had been disrupted to normal. it also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to badgers relaxed attitude when near humans.31. why did the wild life experts visit the kalahari desert?a. to find where honey badgers live.b. to catch some honey badgers for food.c. to observe how honey badgers behave.d. to find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.32. what does kitso khama say about honey badgers?a. they are always looking for food.b. they do not enjoy human company.c. they show interest in things they are not familiar with.d. it is common for them to attack people.33. what did the team find out about honey badgers?a. there were some creatures they did not eat.b. they were afraid of poisonous creatures.c. female badgers did not mix with male badgers.d. they may get some of the water they needed from fruit.34. which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?a. they dont run very quickly.b. they defend their territory from other badgers.c. they hunt over a very large area.d. they are more aggressive than females.35. what happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?a. they became less aggressive towards other creatures.b. they lost interest in people.c. they started eating more.d. other animals started working with them.第二篇lucky lord lucanalive or deadon 8th november 1974 lord lucan，a british aristocrat, vanished. the day before, his childrens nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attacked too. to this day the british public are still interested in the murder case because lucan has never been found. now, over 30 years later, the police have reopened the case, hoping that new dna techniques will help solve this murder mystery.people suspected that lucky, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. they say that lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. his estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that lucan had killed the nanny.what happened next is unclear, but there are several theories which fall into one of three categories：he may have killed himself, he could have escaped or he might have been killed. it appears that the night after the murder, lucky borrowed a car and drove it. lucans friend aspinall said in an interview that he thought lucan had committed suicide by sinking his boat in the english channel.another version of events says that lucky left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to france. he was met there by someone who drove him to safety in another country. however, after a time, his rescuers became worried that they would become involved in the murder too and so lucan was killed.a further fascinating theory was made in the book dead lucky by duncan maclaughlin, a former detective. he believes that lucan travelled to goa, india, where he assumed the identity of a mr. barry haplin. lucan then lived in goa till his death in 1996. in the end the claim turned out to be a case of mistaken identity. the man who died in 1996 was really haplin, an ex-schoolteacher turned hippy. so what is the truth about lucky? dna testing has solved many murder cases, but who knows if it can close the book on this one.36. the public are still interested in the investigation because _.a. of the terrible murderb. of the use of new dna techniquesc. lord lucan has never been found(the murderer has not been caught)d. lord lucan was famous37. it is thought that lucan killed the nanny because _.a. she was looking after the childrenb. she was a friend of lucansc. it was dark and he thought she was lady lucan(she was mistaken for his wife)d. lord lucan thought the nanny stole his car38. aspinall thought lucan killed himself by _.a. jumping into waterb. jumping out of his housec. sailing his boatd. sinking his boat39. lucan could have been killed because people _.a. didnt want the police to catch himb. thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught(has escaped but was killed later)c. were unhappy with himd. thought he was rich40. the word “assumed” in paragraph 5 means-took on(教材題目)ex-detective maclaughlin claimed that mr. barry haplin _.a. was an old schoolteacherb. died in goa, indiac. was really lord lucan in disguised. was a merchant第三篇operation migration41. whooping cranes migrate in winter toa. find warmth and foodb. raise baby whooping cranesc. get human helpd. lay eggs42. whooping cranes are native toa. north americab. mexicoc. south americad. the persian gulf43. operation migration aims toa. teach adult cranes how to flyb. breed cranes in special parksc. lead young cranes on their first trip southd. transport cranes to the north44. the distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south isa.120 milesb.1931 milesc.1200 milesd.2000 miles45. if operation migration is successful, whooping cranes willa. learn to migrate on their ownb. follow airplanes south every yearc. live in canada all year roundd. be unable to fly back 第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第4650題，每題2分，共10分)下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容講其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章面貌。the tough grass that sweetens our livessugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in new guinea and was used by local people for roofing their houses and fencing their gardens. gradually a different variety evolved which contained sucrose (蔗糖) and was chewed on for its sweet taste. over time, sugar cane became a highly valuable commercial plant, grown throughout the world. _(46)sugar became a vital ingredient in all kinds of things, from confectionery(糖果點(diǎn)心) to medicine, and, as the demand for sugar grew, the industry became larger de more profitable. _(47) many crops withered(枯萎) and died, despite growers attempts to save them and there were fears that the health of the plant would continues to deteriorate.in the 1960s, scientists working in barbados looked for ways to make the commercial species stronger and more able to resist disease. they experimented with breeding programs, mixing genes from the wild species of sugar cane, which tends to be tougher, with genes from the more delicate, commercial type. _(48) this sugar cane is not yet ready to be sold commercially, but when this happens, it is expected to be incredibly profitable for the industry._(49) brazil, which produces one quarter of the worlds sugar, has coordinated an international project under professor paulo arrudo of the universidade estaudual de campinas in sao paulo. teams of experts have worked with him to discover more about which parts of the genetic structure of the plant are important for the production of sugar and its overall health.despite all the research, however, we still do not fully understand how the genes in sugar cane.