高考英語閱讀理解鞏固精品題練習(xí)（7）.doc

2014高考英語閱讀理解鞏固精品題練習(xí)（7）及答案閱讀理解there has been an outpouring of love for a 23yearold disabled woman whose dog was killed in front of her while a groomer(美容師)tried to trim(修剪)its claws.calls and emails came from as far away as the upper peninsula and arizona as well as oakland and macomb counties，offering laurie crouch，who uses a wheelchair because of multiple sclerosis(硬化癥)，everything from dogs to money，such as that from jason daly of roseville who said，“i would like to buy her a new dog.”a story about the death of crouchs pet，gooch，was printed on the front page of macomb daily.crouch said a groomer tied gooch up with a collar，and then she and a man sat on the dog to trim its nails.gooch died after one claw was trimmed.crouch yelled at the groomer to stop when she saw gooch was struggling to breathe，but she said she was ignored.“if i could have walked，i would have put my hands on her and pulled her off my dog and physically stopped her，but i cant do that.” gooch was not a trained service animal，but naturally helped crouch by picking up things for her.“this case is absolute animal abuse(虐待)，” larry obrecht，division manager of the oakland county animal shelter in auburn hills，said.people who read the story contacted oakland press to offer help.a message，from rebecca amett of giggles n wiggles puppyrescue，in roseville，said，“we have puppies to donate and want to help the young woman who lost her service dog.”“when gooch was with me，i was happy，” crouch said.“i think i can be happy again but no animal can replace gooch.theres never going to be another gooch out there but i think i will find a dog that can bring me joy again.”1what does the passage mainly tell us?aa disabled womans service dog.ba cruel groomer killed a disabled womans dog.cpeoples love for a disabled woman who lost her dog.da disabled woman loves to have the dog as company.2people called and emailed to _.agive their angry voice to the groomerboffer help and care to laurie crouchctell crouch how to punish the groomerdoffer a cure for crouchs disease3gooch died mainly because _.athe groomer was carelessbthe groomer didnt know how to trim the dogs nailscthe groomer sat on the dog with another mandthe dog was wearing a collar4what do we know about crouchs dog?ait was a specially trained service dog.bit was trained to do many things for people.cit was crouchs only friend.dit could offer some help to crouch.5we can infer from the passage that _.acrouch must be sad after losing her dog bcrouch refused to take another dogccrouch has accepted another dog from a strangerdcrouch can live well without a dogs company41c主旨大意題。綜合文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要敘述了人們對這位失去愛狗的殘疾女士的關(guān)愛。2b細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“.everything from dogs to money，such as that from jason daly of roseville who said，i would like to buy her a new dog.”和倒數(shù)第二段可知b項正確。3c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知，寵物美容師和另外一個人坐在狗身上最終導(dǎo)致狗窒息而死。4d細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段可知，gooch沒有經(jīng)過特殊訓(xùn)練，但能夠為crouch撿東西，給她提供一些幫助。5a推理判斷題。從文章最后一段可知，crouch認(rèn)為沒有狗會替代她原來的狗，因此推斷狗死了以后，她很傷心。 (2012湖南南雅中學(xué)模擬，c篇)when top engineers in germany wanted to build a more energyefficient car，they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks.but it was the boxfish (盒子魚)that interested them.“we were surprised when this clumsylooking fish became our model for designing an aerodynamic (空氣動力學(xué)的)car”，says thomas weber.he is the research and development chief for the car company daimler.an aerodynamic design reduces wind drag and increases fuel efficiency.the boxfish may look clumsy，but it can start，stop，back up and zigzag (曲折前進(jìn))through the water with ease.and it does all this using surprisingly little energy.daimlers bionic (仿生學(xué)的)car is modeled on the fishs boxy skeletal(骨骼的)system.like the fish，the car is fast and drives easily.its efficient too.the science behind natureinspired inventions is called biomimicry (生物仿生)biologist janine benyus came up with the term.as cofounder of the biomimicry guild，she has worked with cereal companies，sneaker designers and others to develop products based on natures best ideas.this month，the natures 100 best list will be revealed at the world conservation congress (代表大會)in barcelona，spain.benyus coauthored the list of natureinspired designs with economist gunter pauli.in zimbabwe，a country in southern africa，engineers designed energyefficient buildings modeled on termite (白蟻)mounds (土堆)the buildings use vents (孔) to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool.a company in atlanta，us，developed a selfcleaning paint modeled on the lotus (荷花)leaf.when the paint dries，it becomes bumpy (不平的)，just like the lotus leaf.rain drops form on the bumps and roll off，carrying dirt along with them.nature has done billions of years of research.only the bestdesigned products have survived.companies owe mother nature a debt for all that hard work，says benyus.for scientists and inventors，the possibilities for copying nature are limitless.technology may never be as efficient as nature，or as colorful.but that doesnt mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us.take a walk outside.watch a squirrel climb up a tree.look closely at the veins(紋理)of a leaf.hear the birds chirping in the trees.such small details may help solve big problems in the future.1which is true according to the passage?ain america a selfcleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flower.bzimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems.cafter the boxfish，many other ideas of new products are borrowed from nature.dnature is a good source to turn to for improving technology.2the clumsylooking boxfish interested the scientists because of the following reasons except that _.ait swims using little energy bbeing boxy，it looks quite like a carcsome engineers had researched on how to swim easily in the waterdit is a speedy swimmer3why did top engineers in germany go to the natural history museum?athey wanted to pay a visit to the animals there because they were so lovely.bthey wanted to carry out a research of boxfish and dolphins.cthey wanted to search for a model to base on for building a moreefficient car.dthey wanted to study the science of survival.4we can infer from the passage except _.ait is believed that the creation of the airplane might have originated from the bird flying in the skybthe atmosphere on the earth cannot be transferred into the original ideacdolphins and sharks may become the source of scientists inventions or creationsdif you observe and explore nature，you may make great discoveries or become great inventors5whats the main idea of the passage?ahow daimlers bionic car came into being.bnature has inspired a lot of inventions and will continue to.cscientists and inventors contribution to modern industry comes from nature.dthe natures 100 best list.51d推理判斷題。文章通過舉例表明：大自然是我們提高技術(shù)的根源。2c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知c項沒有提到。3c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“when top engineers in germany wanted to build a more energyefficient car，they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks.”可知c項正確。4b細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，b項沒有被涉及。5b推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“for scientists and inventors，the possibilities for copying nature are limitless.technology may never be as efficient as nature，or as colorful.but that doesnt mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us.”可知b項正確。c72013陜西卷 caccording to sociologists(社會學(xué)家), every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(階層)class, power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.class means a persons economic position in society.a commonly used classification is lower class, middle class and upper class.while sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined, they do describe societies like the united states quite well.one study shows that 53% of americans belong to the lower class, 46% the middle class, and 1% the upper class.interestingly, a surgeon earning $ 500，000 a year and a bus driver earning $ 50，000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.obviously, people in positions of great power(such as governors) exercise(行使) big power, but people who take orders from others have less power.power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.for example, the governor of a state has great power, but he or she may not belong to a corresponding(相應(yīng)的) economic class.generally, however, there is a relationship between power and class. to our knowledge, there arent too many people who arent millionaires in the us.senate!status is the honor or respect attached to a persons position in society.it can also be affected by power and class, but not necessarily so.for example, a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.54what can we learn about “the middle class” from paragraph 2?apeople earning $50，000 a year belong to the middle class.bnearly half americans belong to the middle class.cpeople generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.dsociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.55according to the text, we know that _apower and class do not always correspond with each otherbstatus refers to a persons economic position in societycpeople with high status have a lot of control over othersdclass is less important in deciding a persons social rank56which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?a b.c d.【要點綜述】 本文說明了一個社會現(xiàn)象：每個現(xiàn)代工業(yè)社會都有其社會階層。階級權(quán)力和社會地位是判斷一個人的社會階層的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。54b推理判斷題。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句中的“46% the middle class”一句可知在美國，有差不多一半的人屬于中產(chǎn)階級，選b。55a細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“power and class do not always go hand in hand, however.”可知，權(quán)力和階級并不總是保持一致。選a。56a篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。本文第一段是主題段，“class, power and status are important in deciding peoples rank in society.”是本文的主題句，后三段分別從這三個方面來論述，故本篇文章是總分的結(jié)構(gòu)。選a。c72013四川卷 dhome to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia(懷舊)its fun to come home. it looks the same. it smells the same. youll realize whats changed is you. home is where we can remember pain，love，and some other experiences：we parted here; my parents met here; i won three championships here.if i close my eyes, i can still have a clear picture in mind of my first home. i walk in the door and see a brown sofa surrounding a low glasstop wooden table. to the right of the living room is my first bedroom. its empty，but its where my earliest memories are.there is the dining room table where i celebrated birthdays, and where i cried on halloweenwhen i didnt want to wear the skirt my mother made for me.i always liked standing on that table because it made me feel tall and strong. if i sit at this table, i can see my favorite room in the house，my parents room. it is simple: a brown wooden dresser lines the right side of the wall next to a television and a couple of photos of my grandparents on each side. their bed is my safe zone. i can jump on it anytimewaking up my parents if i am scared or if i have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.im lucky because i know my first home still exists. it exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property(住宅)on west 64th street on the western edge of los angeles. it is proof i lived, i grew, and i learned.sometimes when i feel lost，i lie down and shut my eyes, and i go home. i know its where ill find my family，my dogs, and my belongings.i purposely leave the window open at night because i know ill be blamed by mom. but i dont mind, because i want to hear her say my name，which reminds me im home.43why does the author call her parents bed her “safe zone”(paragraph 3)?ait is her favorite place to play.b. her needs can be satisfied there.c. her grandparents photos are lined on each side.d. her parents always play together with her there.44what can be learned from the passage?a. the old furniture is still in the authors first bedroom.b. the author can still visit her first physical home in los angeles.c. the authors favorite room in her first home is the dining room.d. many people of the authors age can still find their first physical homes.45sometimes when she feels lost，the author will _a. open the window at nightb. lie down in bed to have a dreamc. try to bring back a sense of homed. go to los angeles to visit her mom46what is the authors purpose of writing this passage?a. to express how much she is attached to her home.b. to declare how much she loves her first house.c. to describe the state of her family.d. to look back on her childhood.【要點綜述】 這是一篇記敘文。作者采用回憶的手法，描寫了對家的記憶和感懷。43b推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“their bed is my safe zone.i can jump on it anytimewaking up my parents if i am scared or if i have an important announcement that cannot wait until the morning.”可知，他們的床是作者的安全地帶，如果作者害怕的話，隨時可以跳上床叫醒父母；如果作者有重要的事要宣告，不必等到早上(作者可以隨時叫醒父母)。故可以判斷選b。44b推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“im lucky because i know my first home still exists.it exists in my mind and heart, on a physical property(住宅)on west 64th street on the western edge of los angeles.it is proof i lived, i grew, and i learned.”可知，作者很幸運，因為作者知道她的第一個家仍然存在，它存在于她的頭腦和心里。故可以判斷選b。45c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“sometimes when i feel lost, i lie down and shut my eyes, and i go home.i know its where ill find my family, my dogs, and my belongings.”可知，有時，當(dāng)作者感到失落，就躺下，閉上她的眼睛，回家。作者知道在那里她會找到她的家人、她的狗、她的財物及回家的感覺。故選c。46a歸納概括題。文章通篇描繪對家的思念，落腳點在對家的無限牽掛上。故選a。閱讀理解shanghai health experts in shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.about 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families,50 percent in public places，and almost 6 percent on public transportation，shows a research released by the shanghai childrens medical center on tuesday.“not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking，” said tang jingyan，a doctor at the shanghai childrens medical center.“actually，those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke.”research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds，coughs and sore throats，and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis，pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not develop mentally as quickly as their peers.other research by the shanghai childrens medical center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smokefilled household，where one or both parents smoke.“though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over，it is still hard to reach a totally smokefree home，” said a pediatrician named zhang yiwen，noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.china has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke,180 million of them younger than 15.the age of smokers is also getting lower，earlier reports said.“there are more young smokers than before.you can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street.some of them are even female students，” said jing xingming，a professor of childrens developmental behavior at the center.“children like to imitate adults，especially their parents.if parents often smoke at home，it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit，which can cause a vicious circle，” jin said.reports from the ministry of health said china has about 350 million smokers，of whom 15 million are underage smokers.also，around 40 million of the countrys 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking，and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.1what is the main idea of the passage?aabout half of the youngsters are suffer