牛津英語9B Unit 4 復(fù)習(xí)講義 曹宇堃.doc

金禾苗教育牛津英語9B Unit 4 復(fù)習(xí)講義一、重點詞匯重點詞語搭配be proud of “以為自豪”be involved in “被卷入.”take pride in “以為自豪”It is said that. “據(jù)說”二、語法點撥定語從句定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞稱為關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，絕對沒有what；關(guān)系副詞有where, when, why等。關(guān)系詞常有3個作用： 連接作用，引導(dǎo)定語從句。 代替主句中的先行詞，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整個主句。 在定語從句中充當(dāng)一句子成分。 【注】關(guān)系代詞有主語、賓語之分。一般whom作為賓語。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語，賓語，表語，定語等，關(guān)系副詞在從句中作地點狀語，時間狀語，原因狀語等。 限制性定語從句為先行詞在意義上是不可缺少的定語，若去掉，所修飾主句的內(nèi)容就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，寫時不可用逗號分開。1. 關(guān)系代詞：在句中作主語、賓語或定語 (1) that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時?？墒÷躁P(guān)系詞，which在從句中作賓語也可以省略。This is the book(which)you want.(2) 如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞+介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置。The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(3) 代表物時多用which，但在下列情況中用that而不用which： a) 先行詞是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代詞時； b) 先行詞由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時，這時的that常被省略； c) 先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或被形容詞最高級修飾時； d) 先行詞中既有人又有物時； e) 整個句中前面已有which，who,that時； f) 當(dāng)先行詞為物并作表語時； g) 先行詞為one時； h) 先行詞同時又被the only,the very,the same修飾時； (4) who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時，要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語。The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你剛剛見到的那個人就是我的朋友。(5) whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格.它引導(dǎo)的從句可以修飾人和物, 當(dāng)它引導(dǎo)的從句修飾物體時, 可以與 of which 調(diào)換,表達(dá)的意思一樣。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一個朋友的父親是醫(yī)生。2. 關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀語 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.【定語從句學(xué)習(xí)口訣】一找二辯三判斷，數(shù)和時態(tài)跟后面，特殊情況特殊辦。一找先行詞，二辯關(guān)系詞是人還是物，三判斷做什么成分，然后是定語從句的時態(tài)和數(shù)，介詞后面的情況和只用關(guān)系詞that的情況?！菊骖}演練】 1. There are lots of things I need to prepare before the trip. (2010 .河北省)A. whoB. thatC. whomD. whose2. Jim dislikes people _talk much but never do anything. (2010.自貢市)A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. which3. -The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu. -Yes. They are helping the people _are suffering from the earthquake. (2010揚州市)A. whichB. whatC. /D. who4. Friends are those make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. (2010河南省) A. which B. what C. whom D. who5. I began to work in Shanghai in the year _Hong Kong was returned to China. (2010十堰市)A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when6. This is the school _ I studied three years ago. (2010菏澤市) A. where B. when C. that D. which7. This is my beautiful school _ is near the famous library.( 2010桂林市) A. whereB. whichC. whoD. when8. You cant wake a person _ is pretending(假裝)to be asleep. (2010杭州市)A. whoB. whichC. heD. 不填9. -Have you found the information about the famous people _ you can use for the report? -Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet. ( 2010蘭州市)A. who B. what C. whom D. which10. -Which girl is your sister?-The girl _ is wearing dark glasses.( 2010黃石市)A. whichB. whose C. whoD. whom11. I cant forget the time _ the earthquake happened in Yushu. (2010青海省)A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where12. The TV play is about a true story _ happened in Mianyang in 1998. (2010四川省)A. it B. what C. that D. when三、交際用語談?wù)撁伺＝蛴⒄Z9B Unit 4 短語匯總序號ChineseEnglish1因而出名be famous for = be well-known for2第一人在月球上行走的人the first man to walk on the moon第一個獲得諾貝爾獎的女人the first woman to win the Nobel Prize3關(guān)心窮人care for the poor4搖滾樂之王the king of rock and roll5對.產(chǎn)生興趣(短暫性動詞短語)become interested in6自從ever since 7第一次坐飛機(jī)take ones first flight8在六歲時at the age of six9上飛行課；接受飛行訓(xùn)練take flying lessons10學(xué)生飛行員執(zhí)照student pilots licence11在某人的空余時間里in ones spare time=in ones free time12風(fēng)洞wind tunnels13第一次for the first time14聽說.hear of = hear about聽說.hear + 賓從15為了作進(jìn)一步的研究for further research16武裝力量armed force17在另一邊on the other side18在華沙市in the city of Warsaw19不為某人所知be unknown to sb.20失去控制out of control在.的控制下under the control of 21相對論the theory of relativity22諾貝爾獎the Nobel Prize23在某人的一生中during ones lifetime24轉(zhuǎn)折點turning point25放棄（做某事）give up (doing sth.)為別人放棄一切g(shù)ive up everything for others26小量的（修不可數(shù)名詞）a small amount of .大量的（修不可數(shù)名詞）a large/big amount of .27把奉獻(xiàn)給.(做.)devote . to (doing). 28試飛員a test pilot29縮短飛行cut the flight short30名言famous words31警告某人不要靠近warn sb. to stay away32在20世紀(jì)40年代in the 1940s在某人40多歲時in ones forties33第20世紀(jì)the twentieth century34為做貢獻(xiàn)make a contribution to (doing)35選中某人做某事select sb to do sth.某人被選中去做某事sb. be selected to do sth.36一起宗教斗爭a religious fighting37改變某人的生活change ones life38離開（某地）去印度leave for India 39在一個有三個小孩的家庭之中in a family of three children 40A與B結(jié)婚A marry BA get married to BA and B get married牛津英語9B Unit 4 基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練一、重點詞組1. 上飛行課 _2. 第一次_3. 在六歲時_ 4. 試飛員_5. 失去控制_ 6. 縮短飛行_7. 據(jù)說_ 8. 因而出名_9. 相對論_10. 諾貝爾獎_11. 在某人的一生中_12. 為別人放棄一切_二、句型結(jié)構(gòu)1. Ive never heard of him. hear of意思是“聽說”。 你聽說過成龍嗎？他是個很棒的演員。_Jackie Chan? He is a great actor.2. On its way back to Earth, the spacecraft began spinning out of control. out of control意思為“失去控制，不受操縱”。 車失去控制，撞上了路邊的一棵樹。The car_and hit a tree by the road.3. She married a Frenchman called Pierre Curie there. marry 意思是“結(jié)婚，嫁，娶”，常用句型有： marry sb表示“給某人；與.結(jié)婚” be/get married to sb表示“與某人結(jié)婚” marry sb to sb表示“父母把女兒嫁給某人或為兒子娶媳婦” 去年琳達(dá)嫁給了湯姆。Linda_Tom last year. 上個月簡和一位醫(yī)生結(jié)婚了。Jane _ a doctor last month. 她把女兒嫁給了一位商人。She _ a businessman.三、難點語法1. 限制性定語從句的用法。在復(fù)合句中作定語用修飾句子中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。限制性定語從句在句中不能省略,否則主句意思就不完整。定語從句應(yīng)放在名詞或代詞的后面。被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞；引導(dǎo)定語從句的連接詞稱為關(guān)系詞,其中that、which、who, whose稱為關(guān)系代詞,where、when、why稱為關(guān)系副詞。2. 關(guān)系代詞that; who; which的用法。關(guān)系代詞who、whom 和whose指人,分別在從句中作主語、賓語和定語。Whichkw只能指物that多指物, that有時也指人,它們在從句中可以作主語或賓語。定語從句中關(guān)系代詞作從句賓語時可以省略。 這個就是我們近日一直在找的小偷。This is the thief_we have been looking for these days. 請找一間足夠大能住下我們?nèi)w的房間。Please find a room