廣西梧州市第八中學(xué)高中英語(yǔ)《Unit 5 First aid》導(dǎo)學(xué)案 新人教版必修5.doc

廣西梧州市第八中學(xué)高二英語(yǔ)必修五unit 5 first aid導(dǎo)學(xué)案i單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）詞匯部分詞語(yǔ)辨析1） hurt/injure/harm/wound 2. cause/excuse/reason 3. electric/electrical 4. 1） jewelry/jewel2）詞形變化1. bleed v. 使出血, 放血blood n. 血, 血液, 血統(tǒng)bloody adj. 有血的,2. mild adj. 溫和的, 溫柔的mildly adv. 溫和地, 適度地3.treat v. 視為, 對(duì)待, 治療treatment n. 待遇, 對(duì)待, 處理, 治療4. pressure n. 壓, 壓力,壓迫press v. 壓, 壓迫5.bravery n勇敢brave n. 勇敢的重點(diǎn)單詞3. aid n.&vt.幫助；援助；資助4. tissue n.生組織,5. squeeze vt.&vi. 榨；擠；壓榨6. present vt.給；介紹；贈(zèng)送；呈現(xiàn)7. authentic adj.真實(shí)的；真正的；可信的重點(diǎn)詞組fall ill; in place; make a difference; put ones hands on重點(diǎn)句子there is no doubt that johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved ms. slades life.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法省略(ellipsis) (見(jiàn)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題)語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)ii 詞語(yǔ)辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). hurt / injure / harm / wound n.【解釋】hurt 可指肉體和心理的疼痛，如強(qiáng)烈的劇痛的創(chuàng)傷，或別人的言行給某人的情感造成的傷害。injure 指物理傷害的總稱。如造成容顏，機(jī)能的損害。harm 以抽象的傷害為主，通常造成傷害需要一個(gè)過(guò)程，如在人的心理，健康，權(quán)利或事業(yè)上的損害。（吸煙有害健康）wound 常指開(kāi)放式的傷口（如刀，槍傷等）【練習(xí)】選擇hurt/injure/harm/wound 并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?） smoking less wont _ you.2） in the war of gaza area, many innocent children and women _ in the heads.3） i intended no _ to his feelings. 4） many passengers were badly _ in the accident.5） he fell down and _ his arm.keys: 1) harm 2) wounded 3) hurt 4) injured 5) hurt2). cause/excuse/reason n.【解釋】cause：指造成一種影響、結(jié)果或后果的原因或條件。（與of連用）excuse 強(qiáng)調(diào)為逃避或減輕責(zé)任而設(shè)法辯解而使用的借口，理由（與for連用）reason 是指解釋某種效果的發(fā)生或性質(zhì)的措辭（與for連用）【練習(xí)】選擇cause/excuse 或reason，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) there was no obvious _ for the accident.2) sometimes most students will make up a(n) _ for their absence.3) the _ she went to guangzhou was the climate.4) carelessness is the _ of his failure.keys: 1) reason 2) excuse 3)reason 4)cause3) electric/electrical adj.【解釋】electric 用于修飾需要用電來(lái)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的設(shè)備或用于比喻“震驚”electrical 常用于表示與電氣性質(zhì)或科學(xué)相關(guān)【練習(xí)】選擇electric或electrical 并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) many _ fans are required in such a large meeting room.2) the room became _ with amazement.3) to be an _ engineer is the dream of many boys.keys: 1) electric 2) electric 3) electrical4). jewelry/jewel n.【解釋】jewelry 珠寶, 珠寶類(lèi)的總稱不可數(shù)名詞jewel珠寶可數(shù)名詞【練習(xí)】選擇jewelry或jewel并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) the _ of the rich were often kept in the bank.2) she locked her_ in the _ box.keys: 1) jewels 2) jewels; jewelryiii 詞性變化 （旨在提供語(yǔ)法填空所需材料）bleed v. 使出血, 放血blood n. 血, 血液, 血統(tǒng)bloody adj. 有血的,mild adj. 溫和的, 溫柔的mildly adv. 溫和地, 適度地treat v. 視為, 對(duì)待, 治療treatment n. 待遇, 對(duì)待, 處理, 治療pressure n. 壓, 壓力,壓迫press v. 壓, 壓迫bravery n勇敢brave n. 勇敢的【練習(xí)】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1) a person of hot _ is not afraid of _ in battle for the country.(blood)2) i was only _ interested in english when i took up it.(mild)3) people had to _ themselves in their own way, before they received the _ sent by the government.(treat)4) _ this button and the _ of the water will rise.(press)5) the _ boys were rewarded with medals for their _in wenchan earthquake.keys: 1) blood; bleeding 2) mildly 3) treat; treatment 4) press; pressure 5) brave; braveryiv 重點(diǎn)詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）1. aid n.&vt.幫助；援助；資助典例 1) they aided flood victims.他們?cè)馐芩疄?zāi)的災(zāi)民。2) they aided in solving the problem. 他們幫忙解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。3) a dictionary is an important aid for many language learners.字典對(duì)于許多語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)很重要的工具。重點(diǎn)用法do/give/offer first aid進(jìn)行急救aid sb. in (doing) sth.在方面幫助某人in aid of為了援助;作為援助之用with the aid of借助于, 通過(guò).的幫助call in sbs aid請(qǐng)某人援助練習(xí) 漢譯英 1) 老師借助電腦上課. _2) 他募資為了幫助窮人. _3) 她的親戚幫助她繼續(xù)她的學(xué)業(yè)._keys:1) teachers often give their lessons with the aid of computer. 2) he raised money in aid of the poor.3) her relatives aided her in study/to continue her study.2. tissue n.u(生理)組織; c紙巾,手巾紙典例 the muscular tissue肌肉組織a box of tissues 一盒紙巾her whole story was a tissue of lies.她的整個(gè)故事是一套謊言。3. squeeze vt.&vi. 榨；擠；壓榨典例 squeeze juice from an orange榨桔子汁squeeze oneself into a crowded bus擠入擁擠的公共汽車(chē)squeeze through the crowd擠過(guò)人群練習(xí) 漢譯英 1) 失散多時(shí)的母女?dāng)D過(guò)人群緊緊抱在一起。 _2) 小偷擠入擁擠的公共汽車(chē)尋找作案機(jī)會(huì)。_keys: 1) the separated mother and daughter squeezed through the crowd and hugged together. 2)the thief squeezed himself into a bus to seek the chance of stealing. 4. present 1) vt.給；介紹；贈(zèng)送；呈現(xiàn) 2) n.贈(zèng)品, 禮物, 現(xiàn)在 3) adj.現(xiàn)在的, 出席的, 當(dāng)面的典例 1) a series of famous plays will be present during the spring festival.春節(jié)期間將上演一系列好戲。2) thirty guests were present at the ceremony. 有三十位客人出席這次典禮3) the guests present were very satisfied with the atmosphere of the party.到場(chǎng)的賓客都對(duì)晚會(huì)的氣氛表示滿意。4) presents will be sent for customers along with the electrical appliance.買(mǎi)家電付送禮物。重點(diǎn)用法present sth. to sb.把送給present sb. with sth.為某人頒發(fā)at present/at the present time現(xiàn)在,此刻for the present目前,暫時(shí)represent vt.表現(xiàn), 描繪, 聲稱, 象征, 扮演, 再贈(zèng)送, 再上演representation n. 表示法, 表現(xiàn), 陳述,扮演representative n. 代表adj.典型的, 有代表性的練習(xí) 漢譯英 1) 當(dāng)航空員返回地面時(shí)，少先隊(duì)員們?yōu)樗麄兯蜕狭缩r花。_2) 因?yàn)樗錾谋憩F(xiàn)，他獲得了一個(gè)金茶壺。 _3) 資金暫時(shí)是足夠的.keys:1) the young pioneers presented their flowers to astronauts when they returned to the earth. 2) he was presented with a gold teapot for his outstanding performance. 3) the fund is enough for the present.5. authentic adj.真實(shí)的；真正的；可信的典例 authentic news可靠的消息an authentic signature真實(shí)手跡簽字authentic document真實(shí)的文件練習(xí) 漢譯英1)為解救其他人的性命， 他得尋找一個(gè)可靠的人將消息帶出去。_2）使用信用卡時(shí)，人們需要親筆簽名。_keys: 1) to save others lives, he had to look for an authentic person to send out the message. 2) people should sign down their authentic signature when using credit card.v 重點(diǎn)詞組 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）1fall ill生病(get ill, become ill)典例the rescue team worked day and night and many people fell ill at last.救援隊(duì)伍不分白天黑夜地工作，結(jié)果許多人病倒了。the giant panda became ill because of the strange climate.由于奇異的氣候，這只大熊貓病了。短語(yǔ)歸納fall為系動(dòng)詞,構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)fall asleep 入睡 fall silent安靜下來(lái)get injured受傷 get married結(jié)婚 get dressed 穿衣練習(xí) 漢譯英1）因?yàn)檫@個(gè)壞消息他病倒了。_2）他已經(jīng)病了一周了。_keys: 1) he fell ill because of the bad news. 2) he has been ill for a week. 2. in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢? 適當(dāng)?shù)淅?) i like to have everything in place.我喜歡所有的東西都擺好。2) i thin its not quite in place to visit him at the moment.我覺(jué)得這個(gè)時(shí)候去看望他不妥當(dāng)。短語(yǔ)歸納out of place不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢? 不合適in place of代替take the place of代替,取代練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 在中國(guó)人們使用筷子而不是刀叉。_2) 穿著正式的服裝，我感到很不自在。_3) 洪水過(guò)后，汽車(chē)被沖得亂七八糟。_keys: 1) chopsticks take the place of knife and fork in china./ the chinese use chopsticks in place of knife and fork. 2) dressed in formal, i felt very out of place. 3) cars were out of place after the flood.3. put ones hands on找到，得到某物典例1）after days of searching, he finally put his hands on his dying wife under the stones.經(jīng)過(guò)多天尋找，他終于在亂石下找到了他的奄奄一息的妻子。2）in the dark night, he eventually put his hands on his glasses.在黑暗中，他終于摸到了他的眼鏡。短語(yǔ)歸納lay/get ones hand on找到，得到某物練習(xí) 漢譯英1）不斷嘗試,總有一天你能得到你想要的一切。_2）當(dāng)孩子們想要得到糖果時(shí)，經(jīng)常會(huì)哀求他們的家長(zhǎng)。_keys: 1) keep trying and youll one day get your hand on what you want. 2)when children want to put their hands on candy, theyll always beg to their parents.4. make a difference (1)有很大差別, 有很大 不同 (2) 有很大的關(guān)系影響典例1) whether he could get the support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.他是否能得到父母的支持對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃的影響很大。2) does it any difference whether hell attend the meeting?他出不出席會(huì)議有什么區(qū)別嗎？短語(yǔ)歸納make a difference betweenand區(qū)別對(duì)待make some difference to對(duì).有些關(guān)系make no difference to對(duì).有些沒(méi)有關(guān)系make all the difference關(guān)系重大, 大不相同練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 這次旅行對(duì)他以后的人生很有影響。_2) 讓警察知道一些證據(jù)關(guān)系重大。_keys: 1) the travel made a difference to his later life. 2) it makes all the difference to inform the policemen of some evidencevi 重點(diǎn)句子 （旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）1. there is no doubt that johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved ms.slades life. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),正是約翰快捷的動(dòng)作和他在中學(xué)所學(xué)的急救知識(shí)救了斯萊德女士的命.解釋 there is no doubt that毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) there is some doubt whether是否,還有些疑問(wèn)練習(xí) 漢譯英 1) 這個(gè)年輕人是否能擔(dān)當(dāng)此重任仍有疑問(wèn). _2)毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),證據(jù)是對(duì)我方有利._keys:1) there is some doubt whether the young man can undertake such an important task. a) there is no doubt that the evidence available is favorable for us.2） do not rub, as this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.不要擦拭，因?yàn)檫@樣會(huì)擦破水泡，傷口會(huì)感染。解釋 “get+過(guò)去分詞”表被動(dòng)典例1) in china, most workers get paid by month.在中國(guó)，大部分工人按月領(lǐng)公司。2) so, as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious.因此，如你所想象的，如果你的皮膚被燒傷了，就會(huì)變得非常的嚴(yán)重。練習(xí) 漢譯英 1) 別碰那滾燙的鐵棍，否則你會(huì)被它的溫度灼傷的。_2) 在足球比賽中，他的腿折了。_keys: 1) dont touch the hot stick, or youll get hurt by the high temperature. 2) his leg got broken in the football match.二、課文要點(diǎn)1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫(xiě)和主要詞語(yǔ)等）閱讀課文，試著用30來(lái)個(gè)單詞概括課文大意或?qū)⑾旅娴亩涛淖g成英語(yǔ)。 as everyone knows, the skin is 1 （必不可少的）to us. our skins can sometimes 2 (burn) due to our 3 (粗心). therefore, first aid shows its importance in the 4 （治療） of burns. generally speaking, burns, 5 are caused by hot liquids, fire, radiation and so on, can be divided into three typesfirst degree, second degree and third degree 6 (depend) on the 7 (受傷的) layers of the skin. to minor burns, cool water proves to be helpful in 8 （stop）the burning process and preventing or reducing pains. but 9 severe burns, get the 10 to the doctor immediately.答案：1. essential 2. be burned 3. carelessness 4. treatment 5. which three 6. depending 7. injured 8. stopping 9. to/ for 10. victim/patient 2課文大意概括 （旨在訓(xùn)練用30個(gè)單詞概括大意的能力）閱讀課文，試著用30來(lái)個(gè)單詞概括課文大意或?qū)⑾旅娴亩涛淖g成英語(yǔ)。 這篇短文告訴我們皮膚對(duì)于我們是至關(guān)重要的，當(dāng)它被燒傷時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該知道它是屬于哪種類(lèi)型的燒傷和怎樣進(jìn)行急救。 the passage tells us that _答案：the passage tells us that the skin is essential to us and when it is burned, we should know which types of the burn is and how to carry out the first aid on it.3課文佳句背誦與仿寫(xiě) （旨在培養(yǎng)對(duì)難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力）1【原句】so, as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious. 模仿要點(diǎn) 句子結(jié)構(gòu)：as 從句插入用法【模仿1】英語(yǔ)在我們的生活中起著很大的作用，因而，如我們所知，如果你想學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，你必須多多的實(shí)踐。_答案：english plays an important part in our daily life. so, as we all know, if you intend to learn english well, you should do some more practice.【模仿2】詞典在我們的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中起著非常大的作用。因而，如我們所知，如果你有一本自己的詞典，你就可以自己查詢一些生詞。_答案：dictionary plays an important role in our english study. so, as we all know, if you have a dictionary of you own, you can look up some new words in it on your own.2【原句】if burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.模仿要點(diǎn) 句子結(jié)構(gòu)：if possible 等插入用法【模仿1】如果你想提高英語(yǔ)，如果有可能的話，你每天要背誦10個(gè)句子或記住50個(gè)單詞。_答案：if you desire to improve your english, recite some 10 sentences every day or learn 50 words by hearty, if possible. 【模仿2】當(dāng)你讀英語(yǔ)書(shū)時(shí)，不要使用英語(yǔ)詞典；當(dāng)你在寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果有必要，你可以使用詞典。_答案：when you read english books, dont use your dictionary and you can use it, if necessary, when you write english articles3【原句】your skin also keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain; and it gives you your sense of touch. 模仿要點(diǎn) 用分號(hào)或逗號(hào)并列四個(gè)單句?！拘蕾p】太陽(yáng)從山頂上的古堡后面落了下去。黑夜突然降臨，河水的顏色也越變?cè)缴?。從年深日久的堡壘窗口發(fā)出的燈光射在河面上閃閃抖動(dòng)。對(duì)岸山腳下的村莊里也靜靜地閃爍著燈光。_答案：the sun sinks behind the great castle-crested（裝飾）mountains; the night falls suddenly; the river grows darker and darker; and lights quiver（抖動(dòng)）in it from the windows in the old ramparts（壁壘）, and twinkle peacefully in the villages under the hills on the opposite shore. 三、單元自測(cè) 1.完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從2130各題所給的a、b、c和d項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。詞數(shù)：221完成時(shí)間：14分鐘難度：*according to the world health organization, malaria(瘧疾), a disease spread by mosquitoes, affects millions of people every year. everyone knows how annoying the 21 made by a mosquito, followed by a painful reaction to its bite, can be. it is 22 that so little is known about mosquitoes, given the level of pain and 23 caused by these insects. we know that the most 24 chemical for protecting people against mosquitoes is diethyltoluamide, commonly shortened to deet. though deet works well, it has some serious 25 :it can damage clothes and some people are allergic to it.scientists know that mosquitoes find some people more attractive than others, but they do not know why. they also know that people 26 in their reactions to mosquito bites. one person has a painful swelling while another who is bitten by the same mosquito, may hardly notice. scientists have not yet discovered the reason for this, but they have 27 experiments to show that mosquitoes are attracted to, or put off by, certain smells. 28 , scientists will be able to develop a smell that mosquitoes cannot 29 in the future. this could be placed in a net to 30 mosquitoes that fly in. for the time being however, we have to continue spraying ourselves with unpleasant liquids if we want to avoid getting bitten.21. a. voice b. noise c. song d. cry22. a. astonishing b. common c. impossible d. boring23. a. diseases b. guilty c. sorrow d. panic24. a. expensive b. effortless c. effective d. limited25. a. chemicals b. illness c. reactions d. drawbacks26. a. put b. take c. vary d. balance27. a. passed out b. taken out c. carried out d. put out28. a. thankfully b. hopefully c. luckily d. obviously29. a. resist b. find c. wait d. escape30. a. box b. place c. find d. trap答案解析21b 名詞辨析。noise和voice都可以指聲音，但前者指的是人們不愿聽(tīng)到的“噪聲”；voice則指說(shuō)話和唱歌的“噪音”。由語(yǔ)境可知蚊子的聲音應(yīng)屬于前者。22a 形容詞辨析。前文提到“a disease spread by mosquitoes，affects millions of people every year”。故選astonishing令人驚訝的。句意為：考慮到由這些昆蟲(chóng)引起的痛疼和疾病我們對(duì)于蚊子的了解卻少得令人吃驚。it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面that引導(dǎo)的從句。common普遍的；impossible不可能的；boring令人煩惱的。23a 名詞辨析。文章開(kāi)篇就告訴我們蚊子傳播疾病的嚴(yán)重性(affects millions of people every year)。其他各項(xiàng)sorrow(悲痛)、panic(驚慌)都不符合語(yǔ)境。24c 形容詞辨析。這里講的是防止蚊子叮咬的藥物，其效果很好(works well)，所以應(yīng)是最有效的(effective)。expensive昂貴的；effortless不費(fèi)力的；limited有限的。25d 名詞辨析。drawback缺點(diǎn)，不足。兩個(gè)分句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。盡管deet(避蚊胺)驅(qū)蚊效果很好，但它有負(fù)面作用：對(duì)衣服有損壞，部分人對(duì)它也過(guò)敏。reaction是指人的反應(yīng)。26c 動(dòng)詞辨析。vary (vi.)不同。下文提到人們對(duì)于蚊咬的反應(yīng)“one person has a painful swelling while another.may hardly notice”，也就是說(shuō),人們對(duì)蚊咬的反應(yīng)是不同的。27c 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。carry out experiment固定搭配，“做實(shí)驗(yàn)”。pass out：“昏倒，死”；take out“拿出”；put out“熄滅”。28b 副詞辨析。hopefully(多用來(lái)修飾全句)但愿。下文表達(dá)了自己的一種愿望：希望科學(xué)家將來(lái)能發(fā)明一種安全的捕蚊法。thankfully，感謝地，感激地；luckily幸運(yùn)地；obviously明顯地。29a 動(dòng)詞辨析。resist在這里指意志抵抗、制止誘惑。句意為：科學(xué)家將發(fā)明一種氣味，放到一個(gè)網(wǎng)中，蚊子便會(huì)無(wú)法抵擋它的誘惑主動(dòng)飛進(jìn)去,達(dá)到誘捕的目的。30d 動(dòng)詞辨析。trap誘捕。語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為31-40的相應(yīng)位置上。字?jǐn)?shù)：145完成時(shí)間：9分鐘難度：* americans usually make allowance for non-native speakers who have some trouble understanding english. 31 they become annoyed when 32 person pretends to understand but doesnt really and then creates problems because of 33 (understand) what is said. 34 wants soap when he asks for soup. so if you dont understand what is said to you, admit 35 and politely ask the person to repeat or explain. second, it is quite rude to converse with a companion 36 your native language and leave your american friends 37 (stand) there feeling stupid because they cant understand the conversation. the americans may also feel that you are talking about them or saying something you dont want them to hear. if you 38 switch to your native language to explain something to a non-english-speaking companion, at 39 (little) translate for your american friends 40 they dont feel left out.答案：31. but 32. a 33. misunderstanding 34. no one/nobody 35. it 36. in 37. standing 38. must 39. leas