英語四六級作文模板.doc

寫作模板提綱式作文 1 對立觀點式 A有人認為X 是好事，贊成X， 為什么？ B 有人認為X 是壞事， 反對X，為什么？ C我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一個原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反對X 的第一個理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一個例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個壞處。 2 批駁觀點式 A一個錯誤觀點。 B 我不同意。 Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響）。 There might be some element of truth in these peoples belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。 3 社會問題（現(xiàn)象）式 A一個社會問題或者現(xiàn)象。 B 產(chǎn)生的原因 C對社會和我們生活的影響 D 如何杜絕。（如果是問題的話） E 前景的預測。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。（或者是一個例子）。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated（表達） in the following aspects. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will . 寫作模板圖表式作文 It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一個原因). More importantly, (第二個原因). Most important of all, (第三個原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括號里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢). 寫作模板辯論式議論文 模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 觀點1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 觀點2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 論據(jù)1. More importantly, 論據(jù)2. Most important of all, 論據(jù)3. In summary, 總結(jié)觀點. As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 From above, we can predict that 預測. 模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that 觀點2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 論據(jù)1. For another, 論據(jù)2. Last but not the least, 論據(jù)3. To conclude, 總結(jié)觀點. As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 From above, we can predict that 預測. 模版3 There is no consensus knsenss 一致of opinions among people about X（爭論的焦點）。Some people are of the view that 觀點1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion（觀念） is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 論據(jù)1。 Furthermore, 論據(jù)2。 Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 論據(jù)3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結(jié)觀點。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 From above, we can predict that 預測 常用句型：1 表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this 2）The reasons for this are as follows 3）The reason for this is obvious 4）The reason for this is not far to seek 5）The reason for this is that 6）We have good reason to believe that 例： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our lifeFirstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improvedSecondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or likeLast but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life 注：如考生寫第一個句子沒有把握，可將其改寫成兩個句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life There are three reasons for this這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達失誤。 2表示好處 1）It has the following advantages 2）It does us a lot of good 3）It benefits us quite a lot 4）It is beneficial to us 5）It is of great benefit to us 例： Books are like friendsThey can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizonsTherefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us 3表示壞處 1）It has more disadvantages than advantages 2）It does us much harm 3）It is harmful to us 例： However，everything divides into twoTelevision can also be harmful to usIt can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion 4表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sbto do sth 2）We think it necessary to do sth 3）It plays an important role in our life 例： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in businessSoon， computers will be found in every home，tooWe have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age 5表示措施 1）We should take some effective measures 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with 例： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more seriousTherefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it 6表示變化 1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the worlds communications 3）The computer has brought about（導致） many changes in education 例： Some changes have taken place in peoples diet in the past five yearsThe major reasons for these changes are not far to seekNowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins 7表示事實、現(xiàn)狀 1）We cannot ignore the fact that 2）No one can deny the fact that 3）There is no denying the fact that 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 5）However，thats not the case 例： We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollutionTo solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards（危害） of pollutionThe government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment 8表示比較 1）Compared with A，B 2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV 3）There is a striking contrast between them 例： Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordableFirstly，they do not consume natural resources of petrol（石油）Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problemLast but not least，they contribute to peoples health by giving them due physical exercise 9表示數(shù)量 1）It has increased（decreased）fromto 2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January 例： With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion（比例） of peoples income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased 再如： From the graph listed above，itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000 10表示看法 1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth 2）People have different opinions on this problem 3）People take different views of（on）the question 4）Some people believe thatOthers argue that 例： People have different attitudes towards failureSome believe that failure leads to success Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavorHowever， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category（種類） of losers 再如： Do lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it 注：一個段落有時很適宜以問句開始，考生應掌握這一寫作方法。 11表示結(jié)論 1）In short，it can be said that 2）It may be briefly summed up as follows 3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that 例： From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved 注：例句1可用于任何一個段落的結(jié)論句；例句3則多用文章結(jié)論段的第一句。 12套語 1）Its well known to us that 2）As is known to us， 3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about 4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that 5）As a proverb（諺語） says，“Where there is a will，there is a way例如： As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus The reason for this is obviousNowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an“ivory towerAs college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campusOnly in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate 再如： Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it看到這里了。大學英語四六級寫作：語言組織技巧一、文字通順連貫英語中的過渡句和連接詞是文章通順連貫的重要標志，根據(jù)語法中的平行和從屬結(jié)構(gòu)原則，一個復合句中必須要有一個連接詞，否則句子是不符合語法規(guī)則的。如：All flights had been cancelled, the passengers had to go there by train. 本句的兩部分都有完整的主謂，但并沒有連接詞加以連接，故是錯誤的，應改為：Because all flights had been cancelled, the passengers had to go there by train.或All flights had been cancelled, so the passengers had to go there by train.或用分詞形式All flights having been cancelled, the passengers had to go there by train.由以上例子可以看出，復合句內(nèi)部必須要有連接詞，有時句子之間也需要連接詞，而連接詞體現(xiàn)的是句子內(nèi)部和句子之間嚴謹?shù)倪壿嫼驼撟C推理關(guān)系，是英文語言最大的價值之一。當然段與段之間還需要過渡句或過渡詞組來加以聯(lián)系，以達到通順之效果。以下是我們對寫作中英文邏輯關(guān)系以及引導各種邏輯關(guān)系連接詞和詞組的歸納：總結(jié)關(guān)系過渡詞語generally speaking, generally, as a general rule, in general, on a larger scale, to take the idea further, to take the above opinion to an extreme, in a sense, in one sense, in a way, to some extent, in my opinion, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, undoubtedly, in terms of, in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary, in a word, on the whole, to sum up, to conclude 比較對比關(guān)系過渡詞語similarly, likewise, like, too, equally important, the same as, in common, in the same way, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, in sharp contrast, whereas, rather than, conversely, instead, in/by contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless 列舉關(guān)系過渡詞語for example, for instance, as an example, as a case in point, such as, namely, that is, like, thus, first, second, third, finally, in the first place, initially, first of all, to begin with, to start with, what is more, furthermore, eventually, besides, in addition （to that）, first and foremost, last but not least, next, also, moreover, for one thing, for another 因果關(guān)系過渡詞語because （of）, as, since, for, owing to, due to, thanks to, on account of, as a result of, result in （from）, consequently, for the reason that, as a consequence, consequently, if follows that, accordingly, therefore, hence 讓步關(guān)系過渡詞語although, even though, after all, in spite of, despite, granted that 強調(diào)關(guān)系過渡詞語anyway, certainly, surely, obviously, to be sure, especially, particularly, above all, in deed, in fact, even worse, needless to say, most important of all, no doubt遞進關(guān)系in addition, furthermore, also, moreover, besides, again, and, likewise, whats more時間順序afterwards, at last, at length, immediately, in the meantime, lately, meanwhile, presently, shortly, since, soon, temporarily, thereafter, while方位序列in front of, beside, beyond, above, below, inside, outside, on the left, on the right方式手段as, as if, as though, the way，by目的關(guān)系that, so that, lest, in case, for fear that, in order that二、書寫工整，避免嚴重語言錯誤。寫作中常見錯誤歸納語法錯誤時態(tài)錯誤在描述過去發(fā)生的事情時要用過去時，如果是一般事實應該用現(xiàn)在時。這些語法規(guī)則是大家耳熟能詳?shù)?，但落到筆下就容易忘記。 一致性，尤其是主謂搭配有些同學寫下了主語，但是寫謂語的時候就把主語扔到一邊去了。比如寫了 “The people”，后面的系動詞卻成了 “is”。集合名詞（army, audience, cabinet, class, company, committee, crew, crowd, family, government, group, party, population, public, staff, team等）作主語，如果指整體，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果指具體成員，則謂語動詞用復數(shù)。表示時間，距離，價格等的復數(shù)名詞或短語，如果強調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；如果強調(diào)具體數(shù)量，則謂語動詞用復數(shù)。單數(shù)名詞如果跟著along with, as well as, besides, but, combined with, except, in addition to, rather than等時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。但用eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, or等連接的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞需要與最近的那個主語保持一致。代詞指代的一致如下面這個句子：Were going to meet a lot of difficulties, but I believe well overcome it. 句子不完整有的同學寫了上半句，就忘了下半句。所以寫完一個句子以后要仔細再讀一遍，如果覺得不對，需要回頭補全句子。如People who know the harmfulness of smoking if they are careful. 人稱轉(zhuǎn)換錯誤這個毛病是絕大部分同學都容易犯的。我們在寫作時，一篇文章里面不能出現(xiàn)太多的人稱。另外在我們的文章中最保險的人稱代詞是 “we”，因為 “we”可以指“你，我，她/他”任何人。而且如果用 “we”，那么最好通篇文章都用，即使要有所變化，也最多再用一個 “I”或 “they”就行了。 比較級使用錯誤不少同學使用形容詞或副詞的比較級時出現(xiàn)錯誤，主要是因為中學的基礎(chǔ)不是很牢固。如經(jīng)常會看到這樣的用法：more better thanThere are many advantages thanI have as much twice apples than you do 冠詞用法錯誤如：a easy job, City of the Beijing, He is a brightest student in his class. 介詞用法錯誤介詞一般都比較簡單，但往往是簡單的詞用法最多，所以也最難掌握。這些詞的用法非常靈活，需要多讀，多寫才能正確掌握。如下面的句子：This machine is superior than （to） the old one. The stamps I have are identical for his. In（On） condition that 大小寫錯誤一般來說，每一句的首字母應該大寫，人名地名的首字母和專有名詞的首字母大寫。但有些同學容易忘記。如：it is well-known that smoking is harmful to peoples health.I went to beijing yesterday. How To Deal With The Problem Of Smoking is a huge task. 拼寫錯誤這方面的錯誤相當普遍，而且較難根除。因為大家背單詞的時候有時背得并不牢。尤其是大家經(jīng)常做客觀題，只要知道應該選哪一個答案就可以了，并沒有仔細背住單詞的拼寫。要解決這個問題，大家需要背單詞時不僅能“識別”，而且能“使用”，需要多背多寫。下面是一些經(jīng)常容易搞混淆或拼錯的單詞：三、詞語的使用選 詞多用近義詞 make manufacturebuy purchasefinish accomplish end terminate use utilize love affection agree accord discussion controversy tell inform enough sufficient speed velocity car vehicle open unclose choice alternative She is not a friend but a nodding acquaintance. 區(qū)分具體與抽象的詞詞從語義上可分為具體與抽象兩種類別，例如：抽象具體good kind, honest, generous, warm-hearted, selfless, friendlylaugh smile, chuckle, sniggerscientist physicist, biologist, chemist fish shark, salmon, perch, eel tree shrub, bush, pollard, oak, plane, pine, willow 抽象詞意范圍大，概括力強，但給人以空洞的感覺，適合于文章的開頭和結(jié)尾等總結(jié)性部分。具體詞意義有針對性、個性和精確性，給人以確切的概念，適合用于段落中細節(jié)的刻畫，論點的闡述以及事物的描寫。如果用抽象的詞來表達具體的事物，便會給人籠統(tǒng)的感覺：a. 抽象: The man is good.具體: The man is selfless.b. 抽象: There are three men in the room.具體: There are three little boys in the room.善于使用代詞A scientist draws conclusions by studying the facts he collects.Such symbols as are used to represent chemical elements should be firmly kept in mind.四、句式變換在了解組織句子的四個特點之后，我們重點看一下句子組織形式的多樣化，即在120150詞內(nèi)，盡量使用不同的句子形式，常用的句型如下：主語和主語從句名詞、代詞、動名詞、不定式以及名詞性從句都可以作主語。后三種，學生在寫作時用起來不是很熟練，但卻很有價值，可以在很大程度上提高語言質(zhì)量。下面我們看幾組例句：動名詞作主語Listening to some light music will help you calm down.Talking to a person like him is just like talking to a deaf.不定式作主語To see is to believe.To help others is to help yourself in a sense. To see things as they are, to go right to the right point, to disentangle a skein of thought, to detect what is sophistical, and to discard what is irrelevant is after all, what a university training should be aiming at.主語從句主語從句一般由what, who, which, why, how, when, which, whetheror等引導，這些名詞性從句作主語時，我們稱之為主語從句。Why he would reject such a good offer remained unknown all these years.Whether we can succeed or not depends upon our efforts.What you have done for us will be in our memory for ever.當句子的實際主語太長時，英語習慣用先行代詞it作形式主語，然后再引出真正的主語It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy.And with our current methods, it is hard to estimate the loss in environmental terms as many negative results may take decades to emerge.其他常用先行代詞it作形式主語的句型還有：It is self-evident that 很明顯的是It goes without saying that 不用說It is asserted that 有人主張 It is believed that 據(jù)信 It is generally considered that 人們普遍認為 It is hoped that 人們希望 It is reported that 據(jù)報道 It is said that 據(jù)說 It is supposed that 據(jù)推測 It is well-known that 眾所周知 It must be admitted that 必須承認 It cannot be denied that 不可否認 It must be pointed out that 需指出的是 It was told that 據(jù)傳 It will be said that 有人會說 It follows that 由此可見 It is inappropriate that 是不合適的 賓語從句賓語從句是置于謂語動詞之后的名詞性從句。大家來看下面幾個例子：1、They believe that the central governments decision to develop the western part of the country and the success of Beijings bid to host the 2008 Olympics will open up further opportunities for a boom in the regional aviation market. 2、We cannot understand why they are so cruel to their beloved parents.3、Experience from foreign countries suggests that no aircraft manufacturers can survive depending only on their domestic market.寫作中常用的跟賓語從句的謂語動詞以主語是We舉例如下：We assume that 我們設(shè)想、假設(shè)We suggest that 我們認為、建議We hold/maintain/ that 我們認為 We stress that 我們強調(diào) We admit that 我們承認 We deny that 我們否認 We hope that 我們希望