英語畢業(yè)論文中美婚姻觀的跨文化對比研究.doc

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編號： 畢業(yè)設計(論文) 題 目： 中美婚姻觀的跨文化對比研究院 （系）： 外國語學院專 業(yè)： 英 語學生姓名：學 號：指導教師單位： 大學外語部姓 名：職 稱： 講 師 工程設計 工程技術研究 軟件開發(fā) 2012年 5月 25日 桂林電子科技大學畢業(yè)設計（論文）報告用紙 i 誠 信 宣 言 我， ，鄭重宣布：除了參考文獻所標明引用的資料和 年 月 日 declaration i, , the undersigned, hereby declare that this dissertation does not contain any material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any institutions of higher learning and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, this dissertation does not contain any material previously published or written by another person, except when due reference is made in the text of the dissertation.signed:date: 桂林電子科技大學畢業(yè)設計（論文）報告用紙 ii摘 要 在跨文化交際中，由于不同文化圈的人的思維方式，宗教信仰，價值觀念，社會制度等的不同，交際的過程充滿矛盾和障礙。人類是情感的動物，其情感的表達方式與其生活的文化環(huán)境密切相關。家庭是社會的基本組成體，夫妻又是家庭的最主要要素。婚姻關系是人際關系中最密切最長久的一種。但由于地理環(huán)境、歷史背景、文化，發(fā)展過程及其他方面的不同 ,各個國家，各個民族又有其獨特的婚姻觀念，婚嫁習俗。與具有五千多年悠久歷史的中華民族相比 ,美利堅民族僅僅走完二百多年的歷史征程 ,中美文化自然會有相去千里的個性。美國社會張揚“個性”,重視個人的權益和自由 ;而中國社會注重倫理生活 ,注重人與人之間的相互依存關系。所以相對的，中美之間的婚姻文化也會有所不同。通過對本課題的研究，其目的是增加中美兩國人民對對方文化的了解，架起溝通的橋梁，使中美兩國人民能夠互相學習，拉近中美民族的距離。本論文主要分為以下幾個方面：一首先主要介紹跨文化交際理論和本論文研究的目的。二第一章主要介紹中美婚姻觀的三個不同之處，即結婚目的不同，擇偶方式不同和夫妻關系的不同。三第二章主要介紹導致中美婚姻觀不同的原因，主要有幾個因素，那就是價值觀和經(jīng)濟方式和生存環(huán)境的不同，其中價值觀的不同還包括文化方式，個人主義和集體主義，還有宗教的不同。四第三章，總結全文。關鍵詞：婚姻；跨文化；中美文化；夫妻關系；價值觀 桂林電子科技大學畢業(yè)設計（論文）報告用紙 iiiabstract in the process of cross-cultural communication, because people from different culture have different ways of thinking, religious beliefs, values and social systems, the communication process is full of contradictions and obstacles. humans are emotional animals; their expression of feelings is closely related to the cultural environment they live in. this paper is based on the theory of intercultural communication, discover the value system has an important impact on the concept of marriage between chinese and american culture.family is the basic component of society, and husband and wife is the main element of a family. the marriage tie is the closest and longest relationship in the interpersonal relationship. every nation has its unique marriage ideas and wedding customs because they have the different environment, history, culture and develpment. compared with chinese nation with more than 5000 years of history, united states just completed his journey of 200 years; it is no wonder that these two countries have the quite different personalities. american society focuses on the individual rights and freedom, while chinese pay attention to the ethical life and the interdependence relationship. so relatively, the marriage culture between china and america will be different.through the study of this subject, people will gain a better understanding to these two countries marriage ideas and learn from each other.this paper is divided into the following aspects:first, firstly is mainly introducing the theory of intercultural communication and the objective of this thesis.second, the first chapter is mainly introducing three differences in the concepts of marriage between chinese culture and american culture. and the three different aspects are the purpose of getting married, the differences of selecting a spouse and the differences in the husband-wife relationship.third, the second chapter mainly focuses on the factors which cause these differences. and the factors are the values, cultural patterns, individualism, collectivism, religion and economic way and living environment.fourth, chapter three is the conclusion.key words: marriage; cross-cultural communication; chinese and american culture; husband-wife relationship; value 桂林電子科技大學畢業(yè)設計（論文）報告用紙 ivcontents introduction . 11. differences in the concepts of marriage between chinese culture and american culture . 11.1 the differences in the purpose of getting married . 11.1.1 the purpose of getting married in china . 21.1.2 the purpose of getting married in america . 21.2 the differences of selecting a spouse . 31.2.1 how chinese people select a spouse . 31.2.2 how american people select a spouse . 41.3 the differences in the relationship between husband and wife in marriage . 41.3.1 the chinese husband-wife relationship. . 51.3.2 the american husband-wife relationship . 52. the factors contribute to these differences in the concepts of marriage between chinese culture and american culture . 62.1 differences in values . 62.1.1 differences in cultural patterns . 72.1.1.1 individualism versus collectivism . 72.1.3 differences in religion . 82.2 differences in economic way and living environment . 93. conclusion . 9 references . 11 acknowledgements . 12 桂林電子科技大學畢業(yè)設計（論文）報告用紙 第 1 頁 共 12 頁introductionintercultural communication is the process of people from different religion, society, ethnic group, and educational backgrounds engage in communication. intercultural communication has the same meaning with cross-cultural communication. in this sense it seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures act, communicate and perceive the world around them. it studies situations where people from different cultural backgrounds interact. aside from language, intercultural communication focuses on social attributes, thinking patterns, and the cultures of different groups of people. it also involves understanding different cultures, languages and customs of people from other countries. intercultural communication plays a role in anthropology, cultural studies, linguistics, psychology and communication studies. intercultural communication is also referred to as the base for international businesses. intercultural marriage is one of the typical and importantant embodiments of intercultural communication, for which the theory can be applied to resolve and analyze the conflicts and problems in the marriage. china and america are two different countries, and their understanding to marriage should be different,too. in this paper, i will use the intercultural communication theory to analyze the differences in marriage between chinese culture and american culture.with the passing of the time, intercultural marriage is becoming incresingly popular both at home and abroad. however, the differences in the culture, environment, background, development and values between china and america result in the emergence of various problems. this paper will integrate the previous studies to analyze the differences in the concepts of marriage between chinese culture and ameriacn culture and try to find a solution, and this study is based on the theory of cross-cultural communication. through the study of the project, people will gain a better understanding of the differences in the concepts of marriage between chinese culture and american culture, and futhermore to analyze the factors that contribute to the differences in marriage between china and america, and ultimately find a practical solution to these problems.in brief, the thesis tries to study the following questions:(1) what are the differences in the concepts about marriage between chinese culture and american culture?(2) what are the factors that contribute to the differences in marriage between china and america?1. differences in the concepts of marriage between chinese culture and american culture1.1 the differences in the purpose of getting marriedboth man and woman want to reach a certain expected result through the establishment of marriage relationship. and the differences in the concepts of marriage between chinese culture and american culture are firstly manifested in the purpose of getting married, which is completely桂林電子科技大學畢業(yè)設計（論文）報告用紙 第 2 頁 共 12 頁different in china and america.1.1.1 the purpose of getting married in chinachinese people pay attention to the interdependent relationship with their friends and relatives. in their eyes, marriage is not only a joining together of two individuals, but also a union between two families. in ancient china, parents would choose a wife for their son. on the surface, they seemed to do this for their son; actually, they did this for the whole family. in traditonal chinese society, marriage is a family event. when a girl officially became a familys daughter-in-law, the first thing she had to do was to worship the ancestors and salute her husbands family. and from this you can see that traditional chinese marriage was subject to the interests of the family. the purpose of a man marrying a woman is having a son to carry on his family name, which is his responsibility and obligation.in todays chinese society, this kind of traditional marriage has undergone great changes. instead of getting married with propagating the family race as the main purpose, young people tend to choose “l(fā)ove first” marriage. but it is still not a simple matter for love to become the primary purpose of marriage in a highly traditional society like china. according to a survey about the quality of marriage conducted by shanghai academy of social sciences in shanghai, guangdong, gansu and harbin, one fourth of the subjects got married for the reason of “l(fā)ove”. the statistical results showd that, only two percent of the subjects chose to marry because they loved each other so much, twenty five percent chose the marriage because they thought they love each other before they got married, fifty six point five percent got married because they got good relations before they married, and sixteen percent of the people had no feeling to each other before they got married (允康，2010). the survey showed that not all the people geting married because of love, some of them even had no feeling to each other at all when they got married.1.1.2 the purpose of getting married in americathe purpose of getting married in america firstly is for the affection between the lovers to achieve a perfect result. secondly they want to look for a long-term heterosexual partner to satisfy their psychological and physical needs. western society attaches great importance to the development of personal independence, and people there have a strong sense of independence and self-centeredness. in western society, individualism is extremely popular, people think marriage is just the combination of two individuals and love is the foundation of marriage. in their views, marriage without love is immoral and of low-quality. an american woman who was interviewed for her opnion on marriage once said, marriage is just a kind of form, it is not very important. the important thing is the feeling when two people are together. if the feeling is gone, then she think their relationship is just a burden and it is good for both of them to give up this relationship (董茜,2000). louis harris, a well-known us expert in sociology conducted a survey, and the statistic showed that, 83% of american men and women believe that love is the primary element to get桂林電子科技大學畢業(yè)設計（論文）報告用紙 第 3 頁 共 12 頁married, and 90% of the american people also believe that love is the first condition to maintain a happy marriage (蔡琪,2000). so from the survey, we can see that seeking true love is the most important purpose of geting married for most americans.therefore, we can learn that, to get married in america is the right of individual, and chinese marriage is more like to fulfill their obligations.1.2 the differences of selecting a spouseaccording to china youth daily in 2009, several teachers and students of nankai university recently completed an interesting survey. they selected some spouse-seeking advertisments in tanji