人教版八年級英語上冊第十單元要點全解.doc

人教版八年級下冊英語第十單元要點全解（純手工版）1.If you go to the party，youll have a great time.如果你去參加聚會，你將會玩得很開心。Have a good time意為“玩的開心，過的愉快”其同義短語為：have a good time或enjoy oneselfThey are having a great/good time.They are enjoying themselves.他們正玩的很開心。2. I think Ill wear jeans to the party.I think.意為“我認為.”當主語是第一人稱（I或we），think表示“看法”時，其后若接否定意義的賓語從句，要否定在主句上，即：I/we dont think+肯定形式的賓語從句I dont think he will come.我認為他不會來。I dont think Ill wear jeans to the party.我想我不會穿牛仔褲去參加晚會。 3. the students are talking about when to have（a class party/aClass meeting/a birthday party）.學生們正在討論什么時候舉辦（班級聚會/班會/生日聚會）when to have a class party是“疑問詞+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)可與主從復合句進行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。Where to go is a problem.去哪里是個問題。I have decided when to go.我已經(jīng)決定什么時候動身。The important problem is how to tell her the news.最重要的問題是怎樣告訴她這個消息。I have decided when to start.=I have decided when I will start.我已經(jīng)決定什么時候動身。4. half the class wont come一半的同學將不會來。half the class“一半的同學”half此處用作形容詞，意為“一半的，半個的”Half the melons are bad.一半的甜瓜壞了。Class是集體名詞，意為“全班同學”，是復數(shù)概念。half the class come from the village.一半的學生來自這個村莊。拓展：class作名詞時，還可意為“班級”。Class one Grade two.二年級一班5. lets order food from a restaurant.咱們從飯店里訂購食物吧！Order及物動詞，意為“訂購；訂貨；點菜；命令”order的用法如下：order sth.from+地點 從某地訂購某物order sb to do sth命令某人做某事I order some clothes from that shop.我從那家店里訂購些衣服.Order him to act at once！命令他立即行動。6. if we ask people to bring food，theyll just bring potato chips and chocolate because theyll be too lazy to cook.如果我們讓人們帶食物來，他們將只帶炸薯條和巧克力，因為他們太懶而不去做。ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事 ask sb not to do sth要求某人不要做某事Our teacher asks us to read every day.我們的老師要求我們每天閱讀。Potato chips炸土豆片；炸薯條，其中，名詞potato作定語，變復數(shù)時只變后面的名詞。Apple tree蘋果樹拓展：表示性別的man或woman作定語修飾名詞時，如果變復數(shù)則man/woman以及其修飾的名詞都要變。a man teacher一位男老師 two men teacher兩位男老師a woman doctor一位女醫(yī)生 two women doctors兩位女醫(yī)生例如：-what is your favourite teacher？ -I like _best.I had a large bowl last night.A. potato noodle B.potatoes noodle C.potato noodles D.potatoes noodlesToo.to.“太.而不能”，表示否定的意義。too后跟形容詞或副詞，to后跟動詞原形。若表示“對某人來說太.而不能.”則用too.for sb to.。The question is too difficult for me to answer.這個問題對我來說太難了而回答不出來。拓展：too.to.結(jié)構(gòu)可與not.enough to do sth及so.that.如此.以至于.進行同義替換。He is too young to go to school. He is not old enough to go to school.He is so young that he cant go to school.他太小了而不能去上學。7. if I go to the party，they will be upset.如果我去參加聚會，他們將會很難過。Upset形容詞，意為“難過的；沮喪的”he will feel upset when he hears the bad news.當他聽到這個壞消息時，他將感到很失望。8. if I take a taxi，it will be too expensive.如果我乘出租車去，它將會太昂貴Take a taxi意為“乘出租車”I sometimes take a taxi to school.我有時乘出租車去上學。拓展：1.英語中交通方式的表達方式：take a/the+交通工具名稱，這是一個動詞短語，在句中作謂語。I often take a bus to school.我經(jīng)常乘公共汽車去上學。by+交通工具名詞。這是一個介詞短語，在句中作狀語。需要注意的是，by后的交通工具的名詞要用單數(shù)形式，且交通工具前不能有任何修飾詞。I go to school by bus.我乘公共汽車去上學。用某些動詞短語表示 如：walk to.（步行去）；drive to.（開車去）；fly to.（乘飛機去.，飛往.）2. 對交通方式的提問，用疑問詞how-how do you go to school？ -By bus./On foot.9. can you give me some advice please？你能給我一些建議嗎？Advice不可數(shù)名詞，意為“勸告，建議”。沒有復數(shù)形式，也不能與不定冠詞an連用，表示數(shù)量時要借助于piece或用some（一些），much（許多）等詞。a piece of paper一條建議 Some pieces of advice許多建議 give sb some advice給某人提一些建議Section B1.travel around the world環(huán)游世界 Travel此處用作動詞，意為“旅行；游歷”They want to travel across the desert.他們想橫穿沙漠旅行。辨析：travel常指長距離的旅行或國外旅行。Trip意為“旅行，遠足”尤指短途的游玩或有目的的旅行。如：a school trip學校郊游。；a weekend trip周末旅行Journey常指遠距離的陸地的旅行。2. If people have problems，they should talk to other people.如果人們有問題，他們應該與他人交談。talk to sb意為“與某人交談” I like talking to my mother.我喜歡和我媽媽交談。拓展：有關(guān)talk的短語talk with/to sb與某人交談 talk about談?wù)?talk over商量；討論 talk in a low/high voice低聲/高聲交談3. If people have problems，they should keep them to themselves.如果人們有問題，他們應該保守秘密。Keep.to oneself意為“保守秘密”The teenagers like to keep their problems to themselves.青少年喜歡就他們的問題保守秘密。Themselves反身代詞，意為“他們/她們/它們自己”反身代詞常用作動詞的賓語，表示動作的承受者為主語的本身。 He hurt himself yesterday.昨天他傷了他自己。拓展：由反身代詞構(gòu)成的常用短語：Help yourself to.隨便吃/喝. enjoy oneself過得快樂，玩得開心teach oneself.(=learn.by oneself)自學.反身代詞一覽表單數(shù)：myself我自己 yourself你自己；himself他自己，herself她自己；itself它自己復數(shù)：ourselves我們自己； yourselves你們自己； themselves他們自己4. problems and worries are normal in life.問題和擔心在生活中時很正常的.Normal形容詞，意為“正常的；一般的” I think that is normal.我認為那很正常。5. Unless we talk to someone ,well certainly feel worse.unless連詞，意為“除非，如果不”，用于引導條件狀語從句。I wont go to the party unless I hear from her.我將不去參加聚會，除非我收到她的來信。拓展：unless可與if引導的否定的條件狀語從句進行同義互換。Youll be late unless you hurry up.=Youll be late if you dont hurry up.如果你不快點兒，你將會吃到。6. Laura once lost her wallet，and worried for days.勞拉丟了她的錢包，并擔心了好多天。Worry動詞，意為“擔心，焦慮”，其第三人稱單數(shù)形式worries。 worry about.“為.擔心”The old woman often worries about her son.那位老婦人經(jīng)常為她的兒子擔心。Worried 用作形容詞，意為“擔心的，發(fā)愁的”. be worried about.“為.擔心”，與worry about同義He was worried when he was lost.當他迷路時，他感到很擔心。7. she was afraid to tell her parents about it.她害怕把這件事告訴她的父母。be afraid to do sth意為“害怕做某事”I am afraid to speak in class.我害怕在班上發(fā)言。 I am afraid to go out at night.我害怕晚上出去.拓展：be afraid of sth/sb害怕某物/某人 Toms sister is afraid of dogs.湯姆的妹妹害怕狗。Im afraid+從句 我恐怕.Im afraid I cant go there with you.我恐怕不能和你去那兒。be afraid to do sth因害怕而不敢做某事 be afraid of doing sth害怕或擔心出現(xiàn)某種后果。8. If I tell my parents，theyll be angry！如果我告訴父母（這件事），他們將會很生氣！angry形容詞,意為“發(fā)怒的；生氣的”其副詞為angrily。 be angry with sb生某人的氣 be angry at/about sth“因某事生氣”If you dont finish the work，Mr Green will be angry with you.如果你不完成這項工作，格林先生將會生你的氣。 My father is angry at my mistake.我父親因我的錯誤而生氣。9. In the end，she talked to her parents and they were really understanding.最后，她跟她父母交談，他們的確很善解人意。in the end意為“最后；終于”，相當于at last或finally In the end，we won the match.最后，我們贏得了比賽。Understanding形容詞，意為“善解人意的；體諒人的”其比較級為more understanding最高級為most understanding10. Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistake himself.她爸爸說他自己有時也粗心犯錯誤。Careless形容詞，意為“粗心的，不小心的”其反義詞為carefulUncle Wang is a careless driver.王叔叔時一個粗心的司機。mistake 可數(shù)名詞，意為“錯誤；失誤”。其復數(shù)形式為mistakes。make mistakes（in.）（在某方面）犯錯誤 by mistake錯誤地You should be more careful so that you dont make mistakes.你應該更加小心那樣才不會犯錯誤。11. Robert Hunt advises students about common problems.羅伯特.亨特就一些常見問題給學生提出了建議。advise動詞，意為“勸告；建議”。advise sb on/about.關(guān)于.給某人忠告/建議。拓展：advise sb. to do sth勸告某人做某事Mrs Brown advise us to eat healthy food.布朗夫人勸告我們吃健康食品。12. it is best not to run away from our problems.最好不要逃避問題。It is best（not）to do sth意為“最好（不）做某事”。It為形式主語，動詞不定式為真正的主語。It is best way to speak English every day.最好每天說英語。run away意為“逃走；逃跑” The thief ran away quickly.小偷迅速的逃跑了。13. we should always try to solve them.我們應該盡力去解決問題。Solve及物動詞，意為“解決；解答” Can you help me solve the problem？你能幫我解決這個問題嗎？Solve常與problem搭配使用，表示解決問題，此問題難度較大。Answer常與question搭配使用，表示回答問題，此問題難度較小。14. He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.他認為（解決問題的）第一步是找到你信任的能與之交談的人。這是一個主從符合句。這個主從句較為復雜，既有賓語從句，又有定語從句。其中“the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to”是賓語從句，作動詞thinks的賓語從句。而“you trust”又是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞someone。動詞不定式to talk to也作定語，修飾someone 動詞不定式to find someone you trust to talk to在句中作賓語從句得表語。動詞不定式可在句中作表語。My job is to feed the animals.我的工作就是喂動物。trust動詞，意為“信任；相信” Trust to sth 依賴某物，依靠