英語四六級作文的基本模式.ppt

How to become an effective writer,Pay more attention to the five basic steps that can make you an effective writer. The five steps are: 1. Make a point. 2. Support the point with specific evidence. 3. Organize and connect the specific evidence. 4. Write clear, error-free sentences. 5. Use a variety of words or phrases.,Building a Paragraph,Sentences are put together in a paragraph for a reason. Each of the sentences in a paragraph should tell something about the main idea. The topic sentence gives the general idea of the paragraph. Each of the other sentences adds specific details to the main idea.,Sentences are put together in a paragraph in almost the same way that ideas are combined in a sentence. Ideas that are combined in a sentence are put together in order to make the main idea of the paragraph clear. The methods that are used to combine ideas in a sentence also are used to put sentences together.,There are three important things about organizing sentences in paragraphs that you should know for the CET-4, & CET-6. The first is knowing the correct use of connecting words between sentences. The second is knowing the correct order of sentences in a paragraph. The third is knowing when a sentence does not belong in a paragraph.,英語四六級作文的基本模式,以下是短文寫作中使用率最高、覆蓋面最廣的基本句式，每組句式的功能相同或相似，考生可根據(jù)自己的情況選擇其中的12個，做到能夠熟練正確地仿寫或套用。 1表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this,2）The reasons for this are as follows 3）The reason for this is obvious 4）The reason for this is not far to seek 5）The reason for this is that 6）We have good reason to believe that 7) The reason + that-clause is ,8) The reason + why clause is 9) The reason to do sth is 10) Conjunctions: as; since; for; because (Cf. because of/on account of/by virtue of/with);in that; now that ; not that but that etc. 例如: For health reasons, many people are also buying more fresh vegetables. They may eat them without cooking them first, or they might cook them quickly in very little water because they want to keep the vitamins.,There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our lifeFirstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improvedSecondly，most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or likeLast but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life,2表示好處 1）It has the following advantages 2) take advantage of 利用；占便宜 3) to advantage 有利地；(因比較或襯托而) 更加, 越發(fā) 4）It does us a lot of good 5）It benefits us quite a lot 6）It is beneficial to us,7）It is of great benefit to us 8) for the benefit of 9) to bring many benefits to the people 10) to acquire great benefit 例如： To take advantage of them, you cant let yourself be destroyed by a defeat, or let others set the limits on your ability to achieve. 利用它們, 你就不會被一次失敗擊倒, 也不會讓別人來限制住你成功的能力。,3表示壞處 1）It has more disadvantages than advantages 2) to have sb at a disadvantage 3）It does harm to sb/sth. 4) to do sb harm 5）It is harmful to us,These are daring men, though we shall take them at disadvantage, they may do us some harm unless we are careful. However，everything divides into twoTelevision can also be harmful to usIt can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television,4表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb to do sth 2) to have difficulties (trouble) doing sth 3) to do sth with difficulty 4）We think (find) it necessary to do sth 5）It plays an important role in our life,Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in businessSoon， computers will be found in every home，tooWe have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age,5表示措施 1) to take action (steps/measures) to do sth 2）We should take some effective measures 3）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties 4）We should do our utmost in doing sth 5）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with,The government has promised to take measures to help unemployed The citizens of that town took steps to improve their fire-fighting equipment. The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more seriousTherefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it,6表示變化 1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the worlds communications 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education 4) Processing and storage also may alter plant vitamin content. 5) to vary from to ,The character of much older and steadier people may be even changed by the circumstances surrounding them. Some changes have taken place in peoples diet in the past five yearsThe major reasons for these changes are not far to seekNowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins,7表示事實、現(xiàn)狀 1）We cannot ignore the fact that 2）No one can deny the fact that 3）There is no denying the fact that 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 5) That is the case. 6）However，thats not the case,The fact that the earth is round was not sufficiently proved thousands of years ago. With the development of the life level, people now can afford to buy more milk and meat than before, despite the fact that milk and meat are more expensive than other food. Consequently, the proportion of grain, fruit and vegetables are in decline.,8表示比較 1）Compared with A，B 2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV 3）There is a striking contrast between them 4) on the contrary 相反 5) to the contrary 恰恰相反 6) by contrast by means of comparison of unlike objects, esp. to show differences (對比，對照),7) in contrast to 與相反 8) be equal to/be equivalent to/be similar to/be identical to (with)/be proportional to/be comparable to 9) in comparison with (to) 與相比較 10) by comparison 相比之下 11) in proportion to 與相稱；成正比,Compared with cars, bicycles have many advantages. First, they are not very expensive and almost every family can afford to buy and repair them. Secondly, though they run more slowly than cars, bicycles are very handy and convenient. She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well. 她考試差一點不及格，而她姐姐則相反，考得很好。,9. 圖表寫作中表示“占”的意思 1) to account for; amount to; make up 2) to constitute the majority (minority) 3) to hold (occupy) a dominant position The sea covers nearly three-fourths of the earths surface. E.g. Seen from the chart, it can be concluded that American students prefer to read popular novels rather than other kinds of books. Among all the books the students read now, popular novels account for 68.2% while unpopular novels make up 16.8%, technical books 8.3% and poem collections only 5.2%.,10表示數(shù)量 1）It has increased（decreased/fall to）from to 2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January 4) to double (triple) to,From the figures above, we can see easily that the proportion of grain, fruit and vegetables have decreased a little, while that of milk and meat has increased. We can conclude that nowadays people pay attention to not only the quantity but also the quality of the food. By 1980-82 Sri Lankas share of world markets had fallen to 19 percent while Kenyas share had more than tripled to 9 percent.,11表示看法 1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth 2）to have a good (high/low) opinion of 3) in ones opinion 4）People take different views of（on）the question 5）Some people believe thatOthers argue that,That is the view he holds of lifeof human feelings and heartsall property. Do “l(fā)ucky numbers” really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it It was no secret that American consumers had a low opinion of American cars. In my opinion, Nancy, you are the best damn reporter Ive ever worked with.,12表示結(jié)論 1）In short，it can be said that 2) in summary ; in conclusion ; in brief; to sum up; to conclude 3）It may be briefly summed up as follows draw/make/reach/arrive at/come to/head for/jump at/jump to the agreement(arrangement/conclusion/ decision/judgment/point/resolution/ solution/terms),5） From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that 6) Linking words: so /thus/ therefore/ consequently/ in sum/ in conclusion/ to sum up E.g. From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved,13. 表示實例或追加內(nèi)容 1）for example; for instance; such as; and 2） one example is ;another example is 2）moreover/furthermore/in addition (to),The main United Nations organization is in New York City, but the UN has a “family” of other related organizations all over the world. These organizations try to provide a better life for everyone. One example is UNICEF, an organization that provides food, medical care, and many other services to poor children wherever they live. Another example is the World Health Organization, which develops medical programs all over the world.,14. 引出名言、警句、諺語等 1) As the old saying goes, 2) As the old poem goes, 3) ,as the old saying goes. 4) As the proverb goes, “Well begun is half done.” 5) There is an old saying: .,Opportunity is everywhere. Opportunity is so freely available that we take it for granted. Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success. As the old saying goes, “Opportunity meets the prepared mind.” The man who grasps the opportunity must lay the solid foundation of language knowledge, computer knowledge and the knowledge of his own field. Opportunity must be seized and acted upon in order to have value.,CET-6,2002/6 Student Use of Computers 1. 上圖所示為1990年、1995年、2000年某校大學(xué)生使用計算機的情況，請描述其變化； 2. 請說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因（可從計算機的用途、價格或社會發(fā)展等方面加以說明）； 3. 你認(rèn)為目前大學(xué)生在計算機使用中有什么困難或問題。,A Sample for Student Use of Computers 2002/6 CET-6 (1)With computers becoming more and more easily accessible on the campus, (6) college students are spending more time than ever doing their routine tasks electronically in the last decade. （13） (10) In 1990, for example, the average number of hours a student spent on the comput