【BS英國標準word原稿】BS EN 1385-1998 劃輕舟和水上運動用防護帽.doc

，如果你需要更多標準可以到/kmust1進行免費查閱。 如果你購買的文檔存在缺頁、字跡模糊、亂碼等情況，請大家通過論壇消息與我聯(lián)系。british standardbs en1385:1998incorporatingamendment no. 1helmets for canoeing and whitewater sportsthe european standard en 1385:1998, with the incorporation of amendment a1:2005, has the status of a british standardics 13.340.200 ，如果你需要更多標準可以到/kmust1進行免費查閱。 如果你購買的文檔存在缺頁、字跡模糊、亂碼等情況，請大家通過論壇消息與我聯(lián)系。bs en 1385:1998national forewordthis british standard is the official english language version of en 1385:1998, including amendment a1:2005.the start and finish of text introduced or altered by cen amendment is indicated in the text by tags . tags indicating changes to cen text carry the number of the cen amendment. for example, text altered by cen amendment a1 is indicated by .the uk participation in its preparation was entrusted by technical committee ph/6, head protection, to subcommittee ph/6/6, protective helmets for sport and leisure activities, which has the responsibility to:the preparation of this british standard was entrusted to subcommittee, b/508/1, waste containers and associated lifting devices on refuse collection vehicles, upon which the following bodies were represented:aid enquirers to understand the text;present to the responsible international/european committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep uk interests informed;monitor related international and european developments and promulgate them in the uk.a list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.cross-referencesthe british standards which implement international or european publications referred to in this document may be found in the bsi catalogue under the section entitled “international standards correspondence index”, or by using the “search” facility of the bsi electronic catalogue or of british standards online.this publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. users are responsible for its correct application.compliance with a british standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.summary of pagesthis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the en title page, pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 14, a blank page and a back cover.amd. no.datecomments15687amendment no. 1march 2006see national forewordthis british standard was published under the authority of the standards policy and strategy committeeon 15 march 1998 bsi 10 march 2006isbn 0 580 39413 1amendments issued since publicationeuropean standard norme europenne europische normen 1385november 1997+ a1february 2005ics 13.340.20; 97.220.40descriptors: sports, sportswear, helmets, safety, accident prevention, definitions, classifications, operating requirements, characteristics, manufacturing, tests, shock resistance, markingenglish versionhelmets for canoeing and white water sports(includes amendment a1:2005)casques utiliss dans la pratique du cano-kayak et des sports en eau vive(inclut lamendement a1:2005)helme fr den kanu- und wildwassersport(enthlt nderung a1:2005)this european standard was approved by cen on 11 october 1997. amendmenta1 was approved by cen on 10 january 2005.cen members are bound to comply with the cen/cenelec internal regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this european standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the central secretariat or to any cen member.this european standard exists in three official versions (english, french, german). a version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a cen member into its own language and notified to the central secretariat has the same status as the official versions.cen members are the national standards bodies of austria, belgium, czech republic, denmark, finland, france, germany, greece, iceland, ireland, italy, luxembourg, netherlands, norway, portugal, spain, sweden, switzerland and united kingdom.ceneuropean committee for standardization comit europen de normalisation europisches komitee fr normungcentral secretariat: rue de stassart 36, b-1050 brussels 1997 cen all rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for cen nationalmembers.ref. no. en 1385:1997 + a1:2005 ebs en 1385:1998iii bsi 10 march 2006contentspageforewordiii1scope12normative references13definitions14white water classification of rivers35construction36performance requirements57testing68marking129information to be supplied by the manufacturer12annex a (informative) artificial ageing13annex za (informative) clauses of this european standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of eu directives14figure 1a section of headform showing positions of planes, lines and points4figure 1b figure 1a through 905figure 2 typical apparatus for testing impact protection9figure 3 typical apparatus for testing the strength of the retention system10figure 4 typical apparatus for testing the effectiveness of the retention system11table 1 sizes of headforms3table 2 sequence of testing6table 3 test parameters6table 4 impact velocity for impact protection test8introduction1forewordthis european standard has been prepared by technical committeecen/tc 158, head protection, the secretariat of which is held by bsi.this european standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by may 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by may 1998.this european standard has been prepared under a mandate given to cen by the european commission and the european free trade association, and supports essential requirements of eu directive(s).for relationship with eu directive(s), see informative annex za, which is an integral part of this standard.according to the cen/cenelec internal regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this european standard: austria, belgium, czech republic, denmark, finland, france, germany, greece, iceland, ireland, italy, luxembourg, netherlands, norway, portugal, spain, sweden, switzerland and united kingdom.foreword to amendment a1this document (en 1385:1997/a1:2005) has been prepared by technical committee cen/tc 158, head protection, the secretariat of which is held by bsi.this amendment to the european standard en 1385:1997 shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by august 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by august 2005.this document has been prepared under a mandate given to cen by the european commission and the european free trade association, and supports essential requirements of eu directive(s).according to the cen/cenelec internal regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this european standard: austria, belgium, cyprus, czech republic, denmark, estonia, finland, france, germany, greece, hungary, iceland, ireland, italy, latvia, lithuania, luxembourg, malta, netherlands, norway, poland, portugal, slovakia, slovenia, spain, sweden, switzerland and united kingdom.blankbs en 1385:1998introductionthe most common head injury in canoeing and white water sports happens when a person strikes an underwater object after capsizing. under these circumstances it is extremely unlikely that the speed of impact will be greater than 18 km/h (5 m/s) because this is the highest recorded rate of flow in a white water river. the most common site of injury is the frontal or forehead area or the side of the eye socket.to achieve the performance of which the helmet is capable, and to ensure stability on the head, it needs to be as close fitting as possible consistent with comfort. the helmet has to be securely fastened on to the head, and any chin strap has to be under tension at all times.the protection given by a helmet depends on the circumstances of the accident and wearing a helmet does not always prevent death or long term disability.a proportion of the energy of an impact is absorbed by the helmet, thereby reducing the force of the blow sustained by the head. the structure of the helmet may be damaged in absorbing this energy and any helmet that sustains a severe blow needs to be replaced even if damage is not apparent.this standard includes the international canoe federation classification of risks.1 scopethis european standard specifies requirements for helmets for canoeing and white water sports for use in waters of classes 1 to 4 as classified by clause 4. the levels of protection recognize that most fatalities in canoeing and white water sports result from drowning after concussion and not from brain damage.this standard is not intended to apply to helmets for use in extreme white water situations such as those where the jumping of high waterfalls is undertaken, because the need for impact absorption for such a helmet, and the area of the head to be protected, are greater than those for most canoeing and white water sports. the standard applies to helmets with and without holes in the shell.note this standard does not provide performance requirements for visors, chin-guards or face-guards.2 normative referencesthis european standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. these normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. for dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this european standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. for undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.en 960:1994, headforms for use in the testing of protective helmetsiso 6487:1987, road vehicles measurement techniques in impact tests instrumentation3 definitionsfor the purposes of this european standard the following definitions apply:3.1 canoeingnormal use of a canoe or of a kayak, in white water of classes 1 to 4 classified in accordance with clause 43.2white water sportsnon powered sporting activities carried out in and/or on moving water as defined by classes 1 to 4 in accordance with clause 43.3 helmetheadwear that is intended to protect the wearers head from concussion13 bsi 10 march 20063.4 shellmaterial that provides the general outer form of the helmet3.5protective paddinglining material used to either absorb impact energy or improve the wearers comfort3.6retention systementire assembly of components that prevents the helmet coming off the head3.7chin strapstrap passing under the wearers lower jaw that is intended to prevent the helmet coming off the head3.8 harnessassembly of headband and suspension designed to keep the helmet on the head, and to absorb some kinetic energy3.9 headbandhorizontal band of material that is adjustable to fit the circumference of the wearers head above the eyes3.10 suspensionmeans of resting the helmet on the upper parts of the head3.11 headformrigid object designed to simulate a human head for use in testing helmets3.12basic plane of the human headplane at the level of the external ear opening (external auditory meatus) and the lower edge of the eye sockets (orbits)3.13basic plane of a headformplane relative to the headform that corresponds to the basic plane of the human head3.14reference planeconstruction plane parallel to the basic plane of the headform at a distance from it which is a function of the size of the headform4 white water classification of riversnote 1 this classification is produced by the international canoe federation.class 1not difficult. regular current, small waves and riffles, occasional small rapids, pebble banks, no or few obstructions.class 2moderately difficult. clear and wide passages, irregular current, rapids, bigger waves, easy eddies, stopper and whirlpools, simple obstructions in the passage, small ledges.class 3difficult. course not always easy to recognize. high and irregular waves, long rapids, stopper, boils and whirlpools, occasional boulders, drops and various obstructions in the passage.class 4very difficult. course difficult to recognize, inspection from shore is advised, big hydraulics, keepers and boils, staggered boulders in main stream, ledges with keepers.class 5exceedingly difficult. inspection from shore is mandatory, extreme hydraulics, keepers and boils, narrow in the only line of passage, high drops in cascades with difficult entrances and/or exits.class 6the absolute limit of difficulty. usually considered unrunnable. all previous mentioned difficulties increased to the limit of practicability. attempts at certain water levels imply a high risk to life.note 2 helmets for use in water classes 5 and 6 are outside the scope of this standard. it is expected that these helmets will have performance requirements in excess of this standard.5 construction5.1 materialsthe mechanical properties of the materials used in the manufacture of the helmet should not deteriorate significantly during the period of normal use, due to influences such as exposure to sun, to temperature changes or to fresh or salt water. metal parts used to fasten the chin strap and/or a suspension cradle to the shell, should be protected from or resistant to corrosion. the materials forming the parts of the helmet coming into contact with the skin should not deteriorate in strength significantly due to contact with sweat, and materials which are known to cause skin disorders shall not be used. the thread used for stitching on webbing should be resistant to rotting.5.2 extent of shellwhen the helmet is placed on a headform of size given in table 1, and the chin strap is secured, theshell, including any holes, shall cover all parts of the headform above the lines acdf shown in figure 1aand figure 1b, except that there may be cut-outs on each side of the helmet to expose the ears for hearing purposes. the dimension “y” (see figure 1) for the headforms in table 1 shall be taken from table 1 ofen 960: 1994. the point c for each headform (figure 1a and figure 1b) is the midpoint of az and thepoint d is vertically beneath it on the reference plane.table 1 sizes of headformscode lettercircumference of headformmmae j m o5005405706006205.3 holesthe shell may be pierced by holes that allow ventilation or the draining of water.5.4 projectionsrivet heads shall be rounded and shall not project more than 2 mm beyond the outer surface of the shell. all edges of the shell shall be smooth and rounded to a radius of not less than 1 mm. any rigid internal projection shall be covered with protective padding.5.5 retention systemthe width of any chin strap shall be not less than 15 mm. the chin strap shall be fitted with a device to adjust and maintain tension in the strap, and shall not include a chin cup.5.6 face guards and visorsif the helmet is fitted with means for attaching a face guard or visor then the means of attachment shall not reduce the degree of protection of the helmet.dimensions in millimetresy2b2512,7acza3df451key1 front2 central vertical axis3 a-a plane4 reference plane5 rearfigure 1a section of headform showing positions of planes, lines and pointsdimensions in millimetresb25ccafigure 1b figure 1a through 906 performance requirements6.1 impact protectionhelmets shall be capable of withstanding an impact of not less than 15 j.the deceleration of the headform shall not exceed 250 gn, where gn is an acceleration of 9,81 m/s2.testing shall be in accordance with 7.6. the helmet shall be capable of conforming to these requirements regardless of which conditioning procedure in 7.5 has been chosen. a helmet that has been subjected to the procedure in 7.6 shall not be subjected to it a second time.note this implies that in order to use all four conditioning procedures, a set of at least four helmets is needed.6.2 retention system strengthwhen the retention system is tested by the method described in 7.7 the maximum dynamic extension shall not exceed 25 mm.6.3 retention system effectivenesswhen the helmet is tested by the method in 7.8 the front edge of the helmet shall not move upwards by more than 80 mm.6.4 buoyancyafter conditioning for water immersion in accorda