初中英語語法之一般現(xiàn)在時.ppt

一般現(xiàn)在時,The Simple Present Tense,get up,go to bed,go to sleep,have breakfast,have lunch,have dinner,have supper,go to school,go home,start work,start lessons,finish school,play football,wash hands,do homework,watch TV,1. 我在早上七點半起床. 2.我們在3：30回家。 3. 他們在學(xué)校吃午飯。 4. 我十二歲。,I get up at half past seven. We go home at half past three. They have lunch at school. Im twelve.,一般現(xiàn)在時,一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動作，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力，及普遍真理和自然規(guī)律。,概念,1.一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) 1）Im twelve.(我十二歲） 2)I have three baseballs. （我有三個棒球） 2）Im in the classroom（我在教室里） 3）Jack is from china.（杰克來自中國） 4）Where is my bag?（我的包在哪兒） 5）I am a student.(我是一名學(xué)生）,用法,2.一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性的動作。 1）She usually gets up at six oclock. (她通常在六點鐘起床） 2）He reads English every morning. 他每天早晨讀英語 。,通常和時間標(biāo)志詞連用： often 經(jīng)常， usually通常， always 總是， sometimes有時， never從不， every day每天， on weekends 在周末等 3）Lucy never takes a shower. (露西從不洗澡） 4）We sometimes play basketball after school.(我們有時在放學(xué)后打籃球） 5）I always do my homework on weekends(我總是在周末做作業(yè)）,3.一般現(xiàn)在時表示主語具備的性格和能力。 1）She likes English.(她喜歡英語） 2）I like playing basketball ball,but dont like playing baseball. (我喜歡打籃球，但是我不喜歡打棒球） 3）He can speak Chinese.(他能夠說英語） 4）She sings well.(她唱歌很好聽。）,4.普遍真理和自然規(guī)律： 1） Two and four is six. 二加四等于六。 2）The moon goes around the earth. 月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。,主要通過謂語動詞的變化和用時間詞語來 表示，其中最主要的是謂語動詞的變化。 一般現(xiàn)在時動詞變化的規(guī)則是： 當(dāng)主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用原型。 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人 稱單數(shù)形式。e.g. 1. We often get up early in the morning. 2. My father often gets up early in the morning.,一般現(xiàn)在時表達(dá)方法,用一句話概括：“非你、非我、非復(fù)數(shù)” 如 he, she, it, my father, my mother, my sister, our English teacher, Tom, Mike, Liu Jia, China, my book, etc.,第三人稱單數(shù),1、一般動詞，在詞尾加 s ; 如： work- live- play- sing- eg: She _ (live) in Ningbo. 她住在寧波。,動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化的規(guī)則與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化的規(guī)則相同。,動詞三單變化規(guī)律,lives,works lives plays sings,2. 以,-s, -x, -sh, -ch結(jié)尾的加-es。讀作 /iz /如： eg: My mother _ (wash) the coat. 我母親洗了大衣。,washes,teach- wash- miss- pass- mix- fix- push- wish-,teaches washes misses passes mixes fixes pushes wishes,3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-es。 注意一定是輔音字母加y才變，若是元音字母加y，則直接加-s。 如： fly try fry copy buy enjoy play say pay,flies tries fries copies buys enjoys plays says pays,4.以輔音字母+o結(jié)尾的詞，一般情況是在詞尾加es, 讀作z,go do,goes,does,5.特殊情況：,have be (am, are),has is,1. be 動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的句式： 肯定句：主語+be+表語(n., adj.等) e.g. He_a worker. You _ thirteen. They_ in the classroom. 否定句：主語+be+ not+表語. e.g. He_ ( not be )a worker. You _ ( not be )thirteen. They _ ( not be )in the classroom.,句式結(jié)構(gòu),is,are,are,arent,arent,isnt,一般疑問句：Be+主語+表語? e.g. _ he a worker? Yes, he _./No, he _. _ you thirteen? _ they in the classroom? Yes, they _. No, they _. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be+主語? e.g. What _ he? What colour _that bird? How old _ you? Where _ they ?,Is,Are,Are,are,arent,is,isnt,is,is,are,are,小結(jié)：be 動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的句式： 肯定句：主語+be+表語(n., adj.等) 否定句：主語+be+ not+表語. 一般疑問句：Be+主語+表語? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be+主語?,2.實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時句式： 肯定句: 主語(非三單)+v.原形+其他. 1) I _ (stay) at home on Saturdays. 2) They _ (have) sports every day. 3) My parents _(give) me ten yuan every week. 主語（三單）+v.-s/v.-es+其他. He _(stay) at home on Saturdays. Lucy_ (have) sports every day.,stay,have,give,stays,has, 否定句：主語(非三單)+dont+v.原形+其他 4) I_(not stay)at home on Saturdays. 5)They_(not)have sports every day. 6) My parents _ (not) give ten yuan to me every week. 主語(三單)+doesnt+v.原形+其他 He_(not stay) at home on Saturdays. Lucy _(not have) sports every day.,do not,does +not,dont stay,dont have,dont give,doesnt stay,doesnt have, 一般疑問句： Do+主語(非三單)+v.原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主語+do. 否定回答：No, 主語+dont. 1) _ you_ (stay) at home on Saturdays? 2) _ they _(have) sports every day? Does+主語(三單)+v.原形+其他？ _ he_(stay) at home on Saturdays? _Lucy_(have) sports every day?,Do,stay,Do,have,Does,Does,stay,have,特殊疑問句： 疑問詞+ do/does+主語+v.原形+其他？ e.g. What _ you_ (want)? What _ she_ (want)? What time _you_ (have) lunch? What time _she_ (have) lunch? What _ you _(do)? What _ she _(do)? How _ you_ (spell) it? How _ he _(spell) it?,do,do,do,do,want,have,have,want,do,do,spell,does,does,does,does,spell,小結(jié)： (1). 如果主語是I/We/You/They及名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞不用做任何變化，即仍然用動詞原形表示： 肯定句： 主語+動詞原形+其他 否定句： 主語+dont+動詞原形+其他 一般疑問句： Do+主語+動詞原形+其他？ 肯定回答: Yes，主語+do. 否定回答: No，主語+dont . 特殊疑問句: 特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 ?,(2).主語是第三人稱單數(shù)， 肯定句: 主語+動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)+其他 否定句: 主語+doesnt+動詞原形+其他 一般疑問句 : Does+主語+動詞原形+其他 肯定回答: Yes，主語+does 否定回答: No，主語+doesnt 特殊疑問句: 特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 ?,1.寫出下列動詞的三單形式 go_ catch_ brush_ wash _ do_ like_ have_ watch _ drink _ fly_ say_ learn _ eat_ read_ sing_ buy_ study_ stay _ make _ look _ pass_ carry _come_plant(種植)_ teach_ buy_,練習(xí)鞏固,2.用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. We often_(play) in the playground. 2. He _(get) up at six oclock. 3._you_(brush) your teeth every morning. 4. What_ (do) he usually_ (do) after school? 5.Danny_(study)English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.,6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she often_(watch) TV with his parents. 8. _Mike_(read) English every day? 9.How many lessons_your classmate _(have) on Monday? 10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework?,3.選擇題 1. I _to school at 7:00 in the morning. A. go B. going C. goes 2. They _books every day in the library. A.reads B. read C. reading 3. The monkey_ eating bananas very much. A.like B. likes C. liking,4. My father _to read newspaper after supper every day. A.like B. likes C. liking 5. I like watching TV, but my mother_ like it. A. dont B. doesnt C. does 6. _ your father drink milk every day? A.Do B.Are C. Does,7. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow. A. dont rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt rain 8. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets,9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music. A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen 10. Jenny_ English every