試論制造企業(yè)的物流成本管理.doc

試論制造企業(yè)的物流成本管理 試論制造企業(yè)的物流成本管理(開題報(bào)告,畢業(yè)論文15600字) 摘 要： 企業(yè)成本的高低一直以來不僅僅是各方關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)，同時(shí)也是會(huì)計(jì)核算的重要組成部分。而物流成本作為企業(yè)成本的一部分，對(duì)現(xiàn)代企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)和發(fā)展也就同樣起到了及其重要的作用。本文對(duì)物流成本管 .試論制造企業(yè)的物流成本管理(開題報(bào)告,畢業(yè)論文字)摘  要： 企業(yè)成本的高低一直以來不僅僅是各方關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)，同時(shí)也是會(huì)計(jì)核算的重要組成部分。而物流成本作為企業(yè)成本的一部分，對(duì)現(xiàn)代企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)和發(fā)展也就同樣起到了及其重要的作用。本文對(duì)物流成本管理的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀做出簡(jiǎn)要敘述，再就物流成本管理現(xiàn)存的問題展開論述，提出如今制造企業(yè)存在物流成本過高，物流成本核算科目設(shè)置不合理，以及管理信息化水平低等現(xiàn)狀。并探討其形成的原因，諸如物流量未達(dá)到一定規(guī)模，供應(yīng)鏈成本高，物流作業(yè)分散，信息標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不統(tǒng)一，以及對(duì)物流成本管理缺乏正確認(rèn)識(shí)等，從而依此找出解決的對(duì)策。關(guān)鍵詞：制造企業(yè)；物流成本；物流成本管理On Manufacturing Enterprises Logistics Cost ManagementAbstract： The high cost of enterprise that has been not only the focus of attention, but also the important component of the accounting. The logistics cost, as part of the cost of enterprise, also plays an important role in the modern enterprise management and development. In this paper, the logistics cost management is reviewed briefly, and the existing problems are discussed. Then putting forward that the logistics cost in manufacture enterprise existence is too high. Accounting subject of logistics cost is setting unreasonable. And the lever of management information is low. In this case, discuss its cause of formation. Such as material flow rate did not reach the certain scale, supply chain cost is high, logistics operations dispersed, information standard is not uniform, and lack of correct understanding of logistics cost management, etc. Finally, according to it and find out the counter measures.  Key words：Manufacturing enterprise；Logistics costs； Logistics cost management摘  要信息是人類社會(huì)發(fā)展的必需。美國(guó)心理學(xué)家AblertMherbaina通過實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí):信息的總效果=7%的文字+38%的音調(diào)+55%的面部表情和動(dòng)作，即人類信息的傳遞總是由語言和非語言符號(hào)組成。在體育中，信息的傳遞方式同樣是由教師通過有聲語和體態(tài)語與學(xué)生進(jìn)行信息交流，傳達(dá)感情的。體態(tài)語不僅是人類活動(dòng)中一種特殊的非語言表達(dá)形式，也是體育教學(xué)中最富有生命力的信息傳播方式，更是教學(xué)中不可忽視的一個(gè)組成部分。在教學(xué)過程中，因體育教學(xué)具有身體活動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)，決定了教師在體態(tài)語的用語方面有別于其它專業(yè)的教學(xué)，大多具有較強(qiáng)的直觀形象性，在培養(yǎng)和發(fā)展學(xué)生的綜合素質(zhì)，提高教師教學(xué)藝術(shù)，全面推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育中身心健康的發(fā)展、創(chuàng)新教育的開展、新型師生關(guān)系的重建具有獨(dú)特的功能。因此，如何掌握一些適合于本學(xué)科特點(diǎn)的、基本而又實(shí)用的體態(tài)語技巧，是當(dāng)前我國(guó)體育教學(xué)理論與實(shí)踐需要研究的現(xiàn)實(shí)課題之一。本研究從語言學(xué)、信息學(xué)角度出發(fā)，以高校健美操教學(xué)為例，體態(tài)語為突破口，運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、調(diào)查法、實(shí)驗(yàn)法及數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法等研究方法，吸收和借鑒其它學(xué)科的研究成果，對(duì)體育教學(xué)中的體態(tài)語進(jìn)行了全方位的、系統(tǒng)的理論和實(shí)踐研究。 關(guān)鍵詞：體態(tài)語；體育教學(xué)；健美操教學(xué)AbstractInformation is necessary for the development of human society. U.S. psychologists AblertMherbaina confirmed by experiments: the total effect of information = 7% of the text +38% +55% of the tone of facial expressions and movements, namely, human transmission of information is always non-language by language and symbols. In Physical Education, teaching the same way transfer of information from teachers through a sound language and body language with the students for information exchange, convey the feelings. Body Language is not only human activities in a special non-verbal expression, physical education is the most full of vitality in the dissemination of information, is teaching can not be ignored an integral part. In the teaching process, a physical education because of the characteristics of physical activity, the decision of the teachers in terms of body language is different from other aspects of the teaching profession, most with strong visual image, in training and development of the overall quality of students, enhancing Teaching art, comprehensive promotion of quality education in the development of physical and mental health, the development of innovative education, a new type of teacher-student relationship with the reconstruction of unique features. Therefore, how to master some of the subjects suitable for the characteristics, the basic body language and practical skills, is currently Chinas sports Teaching Theory and Practice need to study the practical issue of one. This study linguistics, informatics point of view, teaching aerobics to colleges and universities as an example, the body language as a breakthrough point, the use of documentation, investigation, experiment and mathematical statistics and other research methods, absorb and draw on the results of research on other subjects , The Sports Body Language Teaching in a comprehensive and systematic study of theory and practice. Key words: body language, physical education; Aerobics Teaching目  錄     字摘  要    2Abstract    3第一章  導(dǎo)言    4第二章    研究流程與研究方法    52.1研究工作流程    52.2研究方法    62.2.1文獻(xiàn)資料法    62.2.2調(diào)查法    62.2.3數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法    6 2.2.4實(shí)驗(yàn)法    6第三章  體育教學(xué)中的體態(tài)語    113.1 體育教學(xué)中體態(tài)語的概念及基本特征    113.1.1 體育教學(xué)中體態(tài)語的概念    113.1.2體育教學(xué)中體態(tài)語的基本特征    113.2 體育教學(xué)中體態(tài)語的分類    133.2.1體育教學(xué)中體態(tài)語的構(gòu)成成分    133.2.2體育教學(xué)中體態(tài)語的類型    14第四章  體育教學(xué)中體態(tài)語的解析    164.1實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果    164.1.1情緒體驗(yàn)    164.1.2 自我評(píng)價(jià)    174.1.3課的評(píng)價(jià)    184.1.4 學(xué)習(xí)效果評(píng)價(jià)    184.2實(shí)驗(yàn)效果的分析    204.2.1情緒體驗(yàn)分析    204.2.2自我評(píng)價(jià)分析    214.2.3課的評(píng)價(jià)分析    224.2.4學(xué)習(xí)效果評(píng)價(jià)分析    224.3實(shí)驗(yàn)小結(jié)    25第五章  體育教學(xué)中體態(tài)語運(yùn)用的原則啟示    27 5.1啟發(fā)性原則    275.2準(zhǔn)確性原則    275.3共意性原則    285.4和諧性原則    28第六章  結(jié)論    29參考文獻(xiàn)    30致  謝    38 摘  要翻譯作為溝通不同語言與文化的橋梁，在跨文化交際中起著不可或缺的作用。譯者在翻譯的過程中總會(huì)面臨翻譯策略的選擇。翻譯策略是指譯者在處理源語與譯語語言文化差異時(shí)所用的方法。在翻譯中有兩種基本策略：歸化和異化。本文主要從翻譯學(xué)、語言學(xué)和跨文化交際的角度來討論這兩種翻譯策略以及他們的應(yīng)用。首先，文章概述了國(guó)內(nèi)外翻譯界對(duì)歸化與異化研究的現(xiàn)狀并指出繼續(xù)深入研究的必要性；接著論述了語言、文化與翻譯之間的相互關(guān)系；然后系統(tǒng)地討論歸化和異化這兩種翻譯策略，包括他們的定義，歷史上的有關(guān)爭(zhēng)論和當(dāng)前的研究現(xiàn)狀，并闡述了作者的觀點(diǎn)。接下來本文討論了影響譯者選擇翻譯策略的因素，例如：文本類型、目標(biāo)語讀者的水平、翻譯的社會(huì)歷史背景、譯者的翻譯的目的及其文化態(tài)度等等。作者試圖通過對(duì)這些因素進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析，并結(jié)合具體例子，分別從語言和文化層面對(duì)中國(guó)古典名著紅樓夢(mèng)的兩個(gè)英譯本中歸化與異化的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行比較研究（楊憲益譯本和霍克斯譯本），來論證異化與歸化看似矛盾，實(shí)則相互補(bǔ)充的辯證關(guān)系；異化和歸化因其各具特點(diǎn)，在不同情況下都有其存在的價(jià)值，過于強(qiáng)調(diào)其中的一種是片面的，不科學(xué)的；譯者應(yīng)該根據(jù)文本類型、翻譯目的和讀者水平等因素來選擇合適的翻譯策略，絕對(duì)歸化和絕對(duì)異化都是行不通的。 希望本文對(duì)翻譯策略的研究能夠給譯者以啟發(fā)，并達(dá)到進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)和豐富翻譯理論、指導(dǎo)翻譯實(shí)踐的目的。關(guān)鍵詞：翻譯策略；歸化；異化；應(yīng)用ABSTRACTTranslation, a bridge between different languages and cultures, plays an indispensable role in cross-culture communication. However, as a translator, we have to choose which strategy to deal with the cultural differences between the source language and the target language in the process of translation where there exists two major translation strategies- domestication and foreignization. In this thesis, I will discuss these strategies and their application from translation, linguistics, and cross-cultural communication perspectives.In the thesis, I will first talk about the current research of the domestication and foreignization in the translation circle as well as point out the necessity for further research. Then, I will illustrate the relationship between linguistics and translation as well as between culture and translating and next systematically discuss these two translation strategies including their definitions, the controversy in history and their current studies. Besides, I will continue to deal with such neglected factors as may influence the translator’s choice of translation strategies: the type of the source text (ST), the translation purposes, the level of the intended readers, the social and historical background, the translator’s attitude and so on. Finally, from the linguistic and cultural perspectives, the thesis makes a comparative study of the application of domestication and foreignization by analyzing typical examples from the two English versions of Hong Lou Meng translated by Yang Xianyi and David Hawkes respectively. The thesis will conclude that these two translation strategies have their respective features and applicable value. I sincerely hope that this research into translation strategies will enlighten translators and make a little contribution to the prosperity of translation studies and translation practice in China.Key words: translation strategy; domestication; foreignization; applicationCONTENTS  字 Abstract.I摘要 Chapter1 Introduction    11.1 The Cultural Turn in the Study of Translation    11.2 Studies of Domestication and Foreignization    31.3 The Purpose, Significance and the Framework of the Thesis    4Chapter 2 Towards Domestication and Foreignization    52.1 Definitions of Domestication and Foreignization    52.2 The Disputes over Domestication and Foreignization in History    72.3Why Have the Disputes Always Been Going on?    82.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of Domestication and Foreignization    9 Chapter 3 Factors that Influence Translator’s Selection of Translation Strategies    113.1 Types of Text    113.2 Social and Cultural Background    153.3 Target Language Readers    153.4 Translator’s Attitude    17Chapter 4 The Application of the Two Strategies to the Two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng    194.1 A Glimpse of Hong Lou Meng and Its English Versions    194.2 The Reasons for Choosing These two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng    204.3 A Comparative Study of the Two Versions of Hong Lou Meng    214.4 Translating Hong Lou Meng According to the Social Culture    22Chapter 5 Conclusions    25Bibliography    27Acknowledgements    29 中國(guó)電影海外市場(chǎng)拓展研究(選題審批表,任務(wù)書,開題報(bào)告,中期報(bào)告,畢業(yè)論文字)摘 要：電影產(chǎn)業(yè)作為文化產(chǎn)業(yè)的重要組成部分，對(duì)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用，尤其是在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。中國(guó)電影產(chǎn)業(yè)近些年在全球化的趨勢(shì)下發(fā)展勢(shì)頭迅猛，但在拓展海外市場(chǎng)的過程中也遇到了不少的問題。本文將從中國(guó)電影產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的歷程著手，討論中國(guó)電影拓展海外市場(chǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)，用理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際來研究中國(guó)電影拓展海外市場(chǎng)的策略，最后再對(duì)中國(guó)電影拓展海外市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行展望。關(guān)鍵詞：全球化；中國(guó)電影；海外市場(chǎng)；政策；策略The Study Of Chinese Film Overseas Market ExpansionAbstract:The film industry is playing an increasingly important role in the economic development of the country as an important part of cultural industries,especially in developed countries.Chinese film industry in recent years has the rapid development momentum under the trend of globalization,but in the process of expanding overseas market also encountered many problems.This article started from the history of Chinese film industry to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese film expanding overseas market.I will integrate theory with practice to study the strategy of Chinese film expanding overseas market,and finally look into the future of the tendency of the overseas market expansion about Chinese film. Key words:globalization;Chinese film;overseas market;policy;strategy 中國(guó)網(wǎng)上支付發(fā)展研究(附答辯記錄)(選題審批表,任務(wù)書,開題報(bào)告,中期檢查表,畢業(yè)論文字,答辯記錄)摘  要：本文在綜合國(guó)內(nèi)外權(quán)威資料的基礎(chǔ)上，在發(fā)展如火如荼的今天，對(duì)比分析了主要網(wǎng)上支付的方式及其支付特點(diǎn)，概述了網(wǎng)上支付發(fā)展的過程與現(xiàn)狀，重點(diǎn)剖析了影響網(wǎng)上支付發(fā)展面臨的各種瓶頸因素，并給出了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策研究，同時(shí)闡述了我國(guó)電子商務(wù)網(wǎng)上支付發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)，并期望加深消費(fèi)者對(duì)網(wǎng)上支付的認(rèn)識(shí)， 以更好的促進(jìn)網(wǎng)上支付及具有中國(guó)特色的在電子商務(wù)環(huán)境下的網(wǎng)上支付的發(fā)展。關(guān)鍵字：電子商務(wù)；網(wǎng)上支付；網(wǎng)上支付瓶頸；對(duì)策研究The Research of China’s Online Payment DevelopmentAbstract: This paper is to analyze and compare with main Online Payment forms and characteristics and summary the process and the current situation of the development of Online Payment, focusing on the analysis of various Online Payment bottleneck factors which has a significant impact on the development of Online Payment with corresponding countermeasures study based on the comprehensive domestic and international authoritative material, and the full swing of the e-commerce development today, at the same time, expouding the trend of the development of Chinas Online Payment with the expectation to deepen customers’ recognition of Online Payment to better promote the development of Online Payment and the Online Payment with China’s characteristics under the e-commerce environment. Key word: E-Commerce; Online Payment; Online Payment Bottleneck; Countermeasures 摘    要物流設(shè)施的優(yōu)化在企業(yè)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的暢通程度、物料搬運(yùn)成本等方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用，決定著產(chǎn)品成本的高低。隨著制造業(yè)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日趨激烈，物流設(shè)施的優(yōu)化在制造業(yè)中的應(yīng)用已成為許多企業(yè)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。CNZTC公司主要從事大型變壓器的制造生產(chǎn)，采用單件小批量訂單式的生產(chǎn)方式。由于其產(chǎn)品體積大、質(zhì)量大等特點(diǎn)，因此如何保證制造車間內(nèi)的物料流動(dòng)順暢以及搬運(yùn)路線的合理性，已能為企業(yè)物流管理的一項(xiàng)重要工作。論文根據(jù)設(shè)施規(guī)劃相關(guān)理論，結(jié)合CNZTC公司繞線車間生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的產(chǎn)品工藝流程、物流路線、加工時(shí)間、物流時(shí)間等相關(guān)信息，以及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)布置、物流運(yùn)動(dòng)的調(diào)查情況，發(fā)現(xiàn)企業(yè)存在的物料路線冗長(zhǎng)、重復(fù)、交叉、和作業(yè)單位之間的物流量不均衡等問題。 運(yùn)用設(shè)施規(guī)劃分析方法對(duì)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的物流情況進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)行設(shè)施規(guī)劃方法在實(shí)際分析中的不適用、不合理之處。針對(duì)這個(gè)問題,提出了適合企業(yè)實(shí)際的物流強(qiáng)度，并引入了模糊系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)方法，對(duì)設(shè)施規(guī)劃作業(yè)單位對(duì)之間的物流強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行分析，劃分出各作業(yè)單位之間的相互關(guān)系等級(jí)，從而根據(jù)關(guān)系緊密的作業(yè)單位對(duì)靠近放置的原則，提出了相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)方案。關(guān)鍵詞：生產(chǎn)物流，設(shè)施規(guī)劃，系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)，模糊數(shù)學(xué) ABSTRACTThe optimization of logistics facilities is playing an important role in smooth functioning of the production system level Material handling costs and so on, and it determine the level of product cost. As the manufacturing sector increasingly fierce competition, optimization of logistics facilities in the manufacturing for many enterprises have  become the focus of attention. CNZT company primarily engaged in the production of large transformers, and its mode of production is single small-volume orders. because of its products’ characteristics larger and weight, How to ensure that the smooth of the materials flow in manufacturing workshop and the reasonableness of the line, Has been able to be an important task of enterprise logistics management.According to theory related to facilities planning, Combining production at the scene of the product process, logistics line, the processing time, logistics time, and other relevant information and the investigation of scene layout, the logistics of the campaign in winding workshop of CNZTC company, Enterprises found some issues such as long line of materials, duplication, overlap between the units and logistics operations of the imbalance and so on. We use facilities planning analysis to the production scene of the logistics situation analysis and found that the existing facilities in the actual planning methods in the analysis does not apply and unreasonable. To address this issue, we made the logistics strength of the actual enterprises, and introduce the fuzzy system layout design. Use them to analysis the strength of the logistics between facilities planning and operations units, and calculate the relationship between classes of the various operating units. At last, According to the close relations between the operating units placed on and around, get the corresponding improvement programme. Key words： Production logistics, Facilities planning, System layout planning, Fuzzy Mathematics  論文的研究目標(biāo)理論結(jié)合實(shí)際，提出改進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)方法。在實(shí)際的分析操作中，能將該方法和實(shí)際問題相結(jié)合，提出優(yōu)化的方案，使車間的布局合理，物流順暢，不僅滿足現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)線的需要，為未來的擴(kuò)展留有足夠的空間。同時(shí)，改進(jìn)的優(yōu)化方法除了能在該企業(yè)得到運(yùn)用以外，還能廣泛用于制造企業(yè)，和其他研究領(lǐng)域。論文的結(jié)構(gòu)框架本文首先對(duì)設(shè)施規(guī)劃的研究現(xiàn)狀和相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了介紹，系統(tǒng)地闡述了設(shè)施規(guī)劃的經(jīng)典理論——系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)（SLP）的操作步驟。通過對(duì)其優(yōu)化過程的分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)行系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)方法的不足之處，針對(duì)其不足之處，引入了模糊系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)方法，即模糊數(shù)學(xué)和經(jīng)典系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)相結(jié)合的方法。然后，將模糊系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)方法運(yùn)用在CNZTC公司繞線車間之中，得出相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化方案。目   錄    字中文摘要    ABSTRACT    1緒論    11.1 論文研究的背景和意義    1   1.2 論文的主要內(nèi)容和關(guān)鍵解決問題    21.2.1 系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)    21.2.2 模糊數(shù)學(xué)分析    21.2.3 車間布局設(shè)計(jì)    3  1.3 論文的研究目標(biāo)    31.4 論文的結(jié)構(gòu)框架    3  1.5 本章小結(jié)    4    2設(shè)施規(guī)劃的相關(guān)理論    5  2.1 設(shè)施規(guī)劃概述    52.1.1 設(shè)施規(guī)劃的概念    52.1.2 設(shè)施規(guī)劃的發(fā)展及研究現(xiàn)狀    5  2.2 設(shè)施規(guī)劃的基本方法和理論    62.2.1 系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)SLP（System Layout Planning）    62.2.2 約束理論TOC（Theory of Constraints）    92.3 本章小結(jié)    9    3 CNZTC公司設(shè)施規(guī)劃現(xiàn)狀分析    103.1 CNZTC公司概況    103.1.1 CNZTC公司的企業(yè)現(xiàn)狀    103.1.2 CNZTC公司的組織結(jié)構(gòu)    10 3.1.3 CNZTC公司的產(chǎn)品介紹    11  3.2 CNZTC公司的生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀    123.2.1 CNZTC公司的生產(chǎn)組織    123.2.2 CNZTC公司的生產(chǎn)流程    13  3.3 CNZTC公司繞線車間的物流現(xiàn)狀    153.3.1 繞線車間的物流路線分析    153.3.2 繞線車間存在的物流問題    16  3.4 設(shè)施規(guī)劃分析方法    173.4.1 傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)方法在繞線車間運(yùn)用的不足之處    173.4.2 模糊數(shù)學(xué)理論    183.4.4 模糊系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)方法    193.5 本章小結(jié)    21    4模糊系統(tǒng)布置設(shè)計(jì)在CNZTC公司的實(shí)際運(yùn)用    22 4.1 CNZTC公司繞線車間的優(yōu)化目標(biāo)    22 4.2 CNZTC公司繞線車間的設(shè)施布局分析    224.2.1 設(shè)施布局優(yōu)化的原則    224.2.2 繞線車間的工藝過程    224.2.3 繞線車間作業(yè)單位的從至表    24 4.2.4 繞線車間作業(yè)單位的物流強(qiáng)度匯總表    254.2.5 非物流相關(guān)程度的指標(biāo)體系    254.2.6 綜合作業(yè)單位相關(guān)程度的模糊計(jì)算    284.2.7 繞線車間作業(yè)單位的綜合