初中英語定語從句1.pptVIP

初中英語定語從句講解及練習(xí),資陽林鳳中學(xué) lfzxwbxteacher,定語從句：復(fù)合中在修飾句名詞和代詞的從句叫做定語從句。,.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞被叫 做 。 .關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。1.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有： 2.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有： 。 3.關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做 4.關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中做 。,先行詞,who, whose, whom, which, that 。,when, where, why,主語，賓語，定語,狀語,(一）關(guān)系詞代詞在定語從句中的作用：一、who引導(dǎo)的定語從句,who在從句中做主語(口語中也可做賓語)，修飾表示人的先行詞。,This is the man who helped me. The boy who/whom we saw yesterday is Johns brother. 二、whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句,whom在從句中作賓語,修飾表示人的先行詞，口語中可以省略。 1The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.,2.The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li. =The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介詞后 whom不能省略),3.The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. (固定短語中的介詞一般不能拆開，仍放在動詞之后，例如： look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off) 三、whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句,whose在從句中作定語，修飾表示人或物的先行詞。,1Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. 2.He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 3.Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black.,四、that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，that在從句中做主語或賓語、修飾表示人或物的先行詞。作賓語時可省略,不能放在介詞后面作賓語. (that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which) 1.The letter (that/which) I received was from my father. 2.I cant find the letter that/which came this morning. 3.Do you still remember the days (that/which)we spent together ? （先行詞作spend的賓語，不能用when。 ）,4.The house that/which we live in is not large. =The house in which we live is not large. = The house where we live is not large .,5.This is the man that/who helped me. 6.The doctor that/ whom / who you are looking for is in the room. 五.which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，which在從句中做主語，也可做賓語，或介詞的賓語，修飾表示物的先行詞 . 1.This is the book (which/that ) you want. 2.The building which/that stands near the river is our school. (先行詞在從句中作主語),3. The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. (介詞后面的which不能省略) = The room where there is a machine is a workshop. (先行詞在從句中作狀語),4.The house (which/that) we live in is not large. (先行詞在從句中作in live賓語) = The house where we live is not large. (先行詞在從句中作live的 狀語) 5. This is the watch (which/that ) he was looking for.,（二）:不論是人/物都只能用that的情況,（ ）:在there + be 的句型中，主句的主語是先行詞，而且又是物。 1.There are two novels that I want to read. 我要讀的有兩本小說。 There is no work that can be done now. 沒有什么工作現(xiàn)在能做的了。 （ ）:當(dāng)先行詞為主句的表語,1.This is the book that was bought yesterday.這就是昨天買的書。,2.Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. (): 以Here is (are)開頭的句子時。 1. Here is a film that will move anyone. 這是一部將使任何人受感動的電影。 2. Here are two books that I will buy. 這是我要買的兩本書。,():當(dāng)先行詞是way等詞時，關(guān)系代詞用that或者in which，在定語從句中作方式狀語時，在口語中，可省略。,1. This is the way that my father did this work.這就是我父親做此工作的方式。 2.She admired(羨慕)the way in which I answered the questions (*). 在雙重限定性定語從句中，如果一 個從句用who或者which引導(dǎo)時，那么另一個從句用that引導(dǎo)。,1. He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest. 他是我曾經(jīng)看到過跳得最高的學(xué)生。,2.My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isnt far from here. (). 當(dāng)先行詞被the last ,* the very 和the only修飾時。 1.This is the very pen that I am looking for. 這正是我找的鋼筆。,2.The only book I want to read is missing. 我唯一想看的書不見了。 3.The last student that came in is her twin brother .,(*). 在強調(diào)句子中，并且以who ,which, what開頭時。 1.Who was it that was lost ? 究竟是誰迷路了？ 2.What was it that you did last week? 你上周究竟做什么了？,(). 當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時。 1.You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要見的第一個人。,2.This is the second book that I have ever written.這是我寫的第二本書 (). 當(dāng)先行詞為anything、everything、nothing、anybody、nobody 、all, 或被all、every, no , some, few , little, much, both等修飾時，但用something時，用which或者that均可,1.Everything we have seen in China is moving.我們在中國看見的東西件件感人。 2.I have nothing that is worth reading.,3.This is all that I want to say at the meeting.這就是我在會上要說的。 4.Have you any books that are worth reading? 你有值的看的書嗎？ (). 當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時。 1.The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them .,2.Lets talk about the persons and the things that we can remember.,(). 當(dāng)先行詞是疑問代詞who時。 Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess?你見過誰能在棋藝上打敗他？ ：關(guān)系副詞的用法： （一）.由when 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾表示時間的先行詞，when為關(guān)系副詞，做定語從句的時間狀語。,1.I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 2.I still remember the day on which I first came to Beijing. ( 介詞which可以代替 when),3.Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm. 4.I remember the days which/that we spent together.做spent的賓語。 思考：兩個句中的關(guān)系詞能否互換？為什么？,(二).由where 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾表示地點的先行詞，where為關(guān)系副詞，做定語從句的地點狀語。,1.This is the place where we lived for five years. 2.The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. 3.The factory in which his father works is in the west of the city. ( 介詞which可以代替where) 4.This is a place which/that I wanted to visit. 5.Shanghai is the city where I was born. 思考：四個句中的關(guān)系詞能否互換？為什么？,（三）.Why引導(dǎo)的定語從句，why做原因狀語。,1.I know the reason why he came late. ( forwhich可以代替why) 2.The reason why / for which he was late was that he was ill.,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語，謂語動詞的數(shù)與先行詞保持一致。 1.The student who is good at English studies hard. 2.The students who are good at English study hard.,.定語從句可分為兩大類，即限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。 限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉的話,主句的意思,就不完整，意義就表述不明。這種句型一般定語從句緊接先行詞（不用逗號隔開）如：,I was the