《初中語法連詞》PPT課件.pptVIP

初中語法連詞,連詞的概念和分類,連詞是一種在句子與句子之間，短語之間以及名詞等其他詞語之間起連接作用的虛詞，它不能單獨(dú)作句子的成份。按其意義可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。,并列連詞,并列連詞連接的雙方是對等的。 常有的并列連詞有 and, bothand, eitheror, neithernor， not onlybut also, as well as等。 但如果連接的兩部分意義不趨向一致，意義有轉(zhuǎn)折的并列連詞有： but, however, while (而)，only (只不過)。 還有表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞，如：or, or else, otherwise 再有的是連接雙方，互為因果，或表示前因后果的連詞有：for, so, therefore (因此)，then等。,從屬連詞,從屬連詞在初中范圍內(nèi)常常用來連接名詞性從句，如：that, if, whether, 其次用來連接狀語從句。、 其中有原因狀語從句常用的連接詞有：when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 連接條件狀語的連詞有：if, unless, as long as 等，而原因狀語的連接詞有because, since, as, now that (既然)。 目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較、地點(diǎn)等狀語從句的連接詞有：so that, sothat, suchthat, asas, than, where 它們在句子與文章中幾乎無處不見。,And 和or 連接詞性結(jié)構(gòu)完全相同的兩個(gè)部分，and 的意思為和，以及，or 意為或者還是。 Tom and Mary are singing and dancing at the party. Mike says that he loves his job and that he will devote his life to it. Do you go to school on foot or by bike?,祈使句后用and ,and 后的句子用一般將來時(shí)。 Go straight, and you will see the library. 祈使句后用or, 句子的意思為否則，不然 Work hard, or you will fail.,and 連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Or 連接的短語作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞就近原則。 Tom and Jack _going to the cinema. Mr. Wang or Igoing to your school.,主語用and 連接，謂語是否定式構(gòu)成完全否定。 Tom and Mary can not speak Chinese.,判斷改錯(cuò)： They sat down and talk about something. They sat down and talked about something. They started to dance and sang. They started to dance and sing. I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there. I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there. 解析： 第一句： and 連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語，所以 talk 應(yīng)改為 talked。 第二句：and 連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞不定式，第二個(gè)不定式往往省略to，因此sang 應(yīng)改為 sing。 第三句：and 連接感觀動(dòng)詞saw 后面的用作的賓補(bǔ)的兩個(gè)并列分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，因此whisper應(yīng)改為whispering。,20.2 比較and和or 1) 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。 2) 但有時(shí)and 也可用于否定句。請注意其不同特點(diǎn)： There is no air or water in the moon. There is no air and no water on the moon. 在否定中并列結(jié)構(gòu)用or 連接，但含有兩個(gè)否定詞的句子實(shí)際被看作是肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，因此要用and。 典型例題 -I dont like chicken _ fish. -I dont like chicken, _ I like fish very much. A. and； and B. and； but C. or； but D. or；and 答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表轉(zhuǎn)折。,2) both and 兩者都 She plays (both) the piano and the guitar.,3) not onlybut (also), 不但而且） She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 就近原則 Not only you but also I _ wrong. Not only I but also you _ wrong. 注意： not only but also 關(guān)聯(lián)兩個(gè)分句時(shí)，一個(gè)分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。 Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.,4) neithernor 意思為“既不也不“ He plays neither basketball nor football on Saturday. 謂語動(dòng)詞采用就近原則，與nor后的詞保持一致。 Neither you nor he_ to blame.,表示選擇的并列結(jié)構(gòu) 1) or 意思為“否則“。 I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam. 2) eitheror 意思為“或者或者“ You must come either on Monday or on Tuesday. 。注意謂語動(dòng)詞采用就近原則。 Either you or I_ right.,表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ?1) but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，while表示對比。 Some people love cats, while others hate them. 典型例題 - Would you like to come to dinner tonight? - Id like to, _ Im too busy. A. and B. so C. as D. but 答案D。but與前面形成轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語意。而表并列的and， 結(jié)果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。 2) notbut 意思為“不是而是“ not 和but 后面的用詞要遵循一致原則。 They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.,表原因關(guān)系 1) for 判斷改錯(cuò)： For he is ill, he is absent today. He is absent today, for he is ill. for是并列連詞，不能置于含兩個(gè)并列分句的句子的句首，只能將其放在兩個(gè)分句中間。 2) so, therefore He hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game.,真題練習(xí),1 We bought Granny a present, she didnt like it. A. but B. and C. or D. so 答案 A. 析 由于句意的原因，應(yīng)選擇轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。 2 Run quickly, well miss the early train. A. and B. but C. so D. or 答案 D. 析 or這里應(yīng)譯為：否則。 3 Ill give the book to him he comes back. A. since B. as soon as C. before D. until 答案 B. 析 as soon as 引出的時(shí)間狀語從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。,4 Dont cross the road the light turns green. A. when B. while C. until D. as 答案 C. 析 until應(yīng)譯為“直到才“，因?yàn)榍懊娴钠硎咕錇榉穸ň?。又如：She did not go to bed until her mother came back. 應(yīng)譯為“直到她媽媽回來她才睡覺“。 5 Miss Gao has been a teacher 1990. A. before B. after C. since D. in 答案 C. 析 因?yàn)橹骶錇橥瓿蓵r(shí)，所以應(yīng)用 since表示該動(dòng)作的啟始點(diǎn)。,6 - Which would you like better, tea milk? - Tea, please. A. but B. and C. or D. with 答案 C. 析 在疑問句與否定句中應(yīng)用or來表示一種選擇。 7 We love spring theres beautiful flowers every where. A. though B. but C. or D. because 答案 D. 析 因?yàn)檫@里表示的是因果關(guān)系。,8 Please leave 7, then youll be able to get there earlier. A. till, in B. from, / C. before, / D. behind, to 答案 C. 析 before為在之前離開。 9 The teacher didnt begin the lesson all the students stopped talking. A. until B. after C. if D. because 答案 A. 析 這句應(yīng)譯為“直到所有的學(xué)生都停止講話老師才開始上課“。因begin為瞬間動(dòng)詞，所以應(yīng)用否定句。,10 Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday she was ill. A. but B. until C. if D. because 答案 D. 析 這里是表示因果關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用because。因?yàn)樗×怂晕慈タ措娪啊?11 You must start right now, youll miss the train. A. for B. and C. so D. or 答案 D. 析 or譯為“否則“。本句句意為：你必須馬上走了，否則要趕不上火車了。 12 he is a child of six, he can read and write. A. Whose B. If C. Though D. Because 答案 C. 析 這種狀語從句在英語中稱為讓步狀語從句，應(yīng)譯為：雖然他才是個(gè)6歲的孩子，他卻可以讀書和寫字。,比較,1. as/ because /since 2. because /because of 3. if / whether 4. sothat suchthat 5. so that sothat,選擇正確的連詞填空,1. _ I had a cold, I was absent from school. 2.We had to stay at home last Sunday _ the bad weather. 3. He asked me _ I hadnt finished my work. 4.Nobody knows _it will rain tomorrow. 5. I cant decide _ to stay. 6. It was _ a fine day that we went out for a walk.,判斷正誤：,1. Although he was poor, but he was happy. 2. While the pol