環(huán)境分析英語(yǔ)文章翻譯.ppt

Copyright by Earth,Unit 5 Environment Analysis,Environmental analysis involves the performance of chemical, physical, and biological measurements in an environmental system. 在一個(gè)環(huán)境系統(tǒng)里，環(huán)境分析包括化學(xué)、物理以及生物測(cè)量的性能。This system may involve either the natural or the polluted environment, although the term “environmental analysis” is increasingly used to refer only to situations in which measurements are made of pollutants.這一系統(tǒng)不僅包含自然環(huán)境還包括污染環(huán)境，但是環(huán)境分析這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)正在越來(lái)越多地用于污染物的測(cè)量.,Normally, four types of measurements are made:通常，測(cè)量有四種形式： qualitative analysis to identify the species;定性分析，以確定目前的物種；quantitative analysis to determine how much of the species is present;定量分析，以確定有多少物種存在； speciation or characterization to establish details of chemical form and the manner in which the pollutant is actually present (such as being adsorbed onto the surface of a particle);形態(tài)或性質(zhì)，確定目前污染物的詳細(xì)的化學(xué)組分和方法（如被吸附到表面的粒子）； and impact analysis in which measurements are made for the specific purpose of determining the extent to which an environmental impact is produced by the pollutants in question. 和影響分析中測(cè)量的具體目的是確定在何種程度的環(huán)境影響所產(chǎn)生的污染物問(wèn)題。,The overall objective of environmental analysis is to obtain information about both natural and pollutant species present in the environment so as to make a realistic assessment of their probable behavior.環(huán)境分析的目的是為了制造一個(gè)可行的現(xiàn)實(shí)的評(píng)估，去獲得目前在環(huán)境中自然和污染物的種類的相關(guān)信息，以便根據(jù)它們大致上的生活習(xí)慣做出切實(shí)的評(píng)估.In the case of pollutants, this involves assessment of their actual or potential environmental impact, which may be manifest in several ways. 有可能以多種方式顯示出的污染物方面涉及到那些實(shí)際貨物的評(píng)估或者潛在的環(huán)境影響。 Thus, a pollutant species may present a toxicological hazard to plants or animals. 因此，一個(gè)被污染的物種可能對(duì)植物或者動(dòng)物造成危害。It may also cause contamination of resources (such as air, water, and soil) so that they cannot be utilized for other purposes. 它可能也會(huì)引起資源上的污染（比如大氣、水和土壤）以致他們沒(méi)法利用于其他目的。,The effects of pollutants on materials, especially building materials, may be another area of concern and one which is often very visible and displeasing (for example, the defacing of ancient statues by sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere). 污染物對(duì)于原料的影響，特別是建筑材料，在某一區(qū)域是顯然可見(jiàn)的，讓人不愉快。（比如，大氣中二氧化硫?qū)沤ㄖ膿p害）A further area of environmental impact involves esthetic depreciation such as reduces visibility, dirty skies, and unpleasant odors. 未來(lái)環(huán)境影響分析的領(lǐng)域?qū)⒔档?，比如能?jiàn)度的下降、天空的污染和難聞的氣味。Finally, it is important to recognize that an environmental impact may not always be discernible by normal human perception