針灸在歐洲.ppt

Development of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Europe,針灸在歐洲的發(fā)展,Switzerland 瑞士,Source of TCM doctors(1),Engaged in acupuncture therapy in the Swiss researchers are of three main types: One is through with the relevant medical institutions Chinese cooperation from the professional talent Chinese introduced acupuncture. 在瑞士從事針灸治療工作的人員主要有三類: 一類是通過與中國有關醫(yī)療機構合作從中國引進的專業(yè)針灸人才。,The second category is fond of acupuncture and moxibustion medicine doctors in Switzerland. Third is the lack of basic theory of modern medical science therapist Europes own culture. The three kinds of people can get the insurance company support. 第二類是愛好針灸的瑞士西醫(yī)醫(yī)生;第三類是歐洲自己培養(yǎng)的一些缺乏現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學理論基礎的治療師.這三類人員都可以獲得保險公司的支持。,Source of TCM doctors(2),Switzerland has 3 home made the educational institutions Chinese government recognized government department of education, the school system for 3 years. The Swiss federal government has not yet promulgated the qualification examination system. All medicine but licensed doctor or hospital can carry out of traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment project. 瑞士有3家取得政府教育部門認可的中醫(yī)教育機構,學制3年,瑞士聯(lián)邦政府目前尚未出臺有關的執(zhí)業(yè)資格考試制度.但具有行醫(yī)資格的醫(yī)生或醫(yī)院可以開展中醫(yī)的所有醫(yī)療項目。,Situation(1),Due to the opening of Chinese medicine clinic, small investment, high benefit, so in recent years there has been a lot of jointly by Chinese and local doctors, the local hospital clinic. 由于開設中醫(yī)診所投資小、效益高，所以近年來出現(xiàn)了不少由中國人和當?shù)蒯t(yī)生、當?shù)蒯t(yī)院合辦的診所。,Situation(2),Law,Supported on Medicare, Switzerland is the largest country in the various European countries medical insurance system for Acupuncture (TCM) project support. In Switzerland, because there is no legislation, medicine without government protection. 關于醫(yī)療保險支持情況,瑞士是歐洲各個國家中醫(yī)療保險系統(tǒng)對針灸(中醫(yī))項目支持力度最大的國家。但是，在瑞士因為沒有立法，中醫(yī)不受政府保護。,Comparison,Compared with Germany, France and other countries, Chinese Swiss still in its infancy, although the countrys public generally are interested in Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine treatment but to accept and understand the medicine man is not very popular, there are still quite a lot of problems. 與德國、法國等國家相比，瑞士的中醫(yī)還處于起步階段，雖然該國民眾普遍對中醫(yī)中藥有興趣，但接受中醫(yī)治療和理解中醫(yī)的人還不是非常普及，還存在著相當多的問題。,In August 3, 2013, Swiss Huaxia Chinese School for a 15 people to the hospital of traditional Chinese medicine in Guilin of Guangxi city to visit and study Chinese unique technology, enjoy the charm of Chinese Medicine. 2013年8月3日，瑞士華夏中醫(yī)學校一行15人到廣西桂林市中醫(yī)醫(yī)院參觀學習中醫(yī)獨特技術，領略中醫(yī)魅力。,Communication,In 2009 the Swiss acupuncture without borders training. 2009年瑞士針灸無國界培訓。,Acupuncture and Moxibustion in France,France is western study of acupuncture is the earliest, most countries in Europe, and became the acupuncture research center. 法國是西方研究針灸最早、最多的國家，并成為歐洲針灸研究的中心。,Origin,There are many words of French origin of acupuncture and moxibustion, at present there are two recognized: 1, Chinese acupuncture may be in 13 or 14th Century by the Italy Marco Poro introduced to Europe. 2, In 1902, French diplomat Soulier de Morant from the China acupuncture was introduced into Europe. The earliest Acupuncture Association was established in Paris in 1943 after the Second World War, the French acupuncture association. For a long time. Paris is the center of Western acupuncture. Acupuncture by the French began to extend to the whole of Europe. 法國針灸的起源有很多種說法，目前公認的有兩種: 1、中國針灸可能是在13或14世紀由意大利的馬可波羅介紹到歐洲的。 2、在20世紀，1902年法國外交官Soulier de Morant從中國把針灸傳入歐洲。最早的針灸協(xié) 會是二戰(zhàn)后1943年在巴黎成立的法國針灸協(xié)會。 很長一段時間里巴黎是西方的針灸中心。針灸 由法國開始擴展到全歐洲。,From 1932, Chinese back to French diplomat George. Sulye. Demoran opened the first acupuncture medical clinic in passing, from the beginning of the French acupuncture medical trend. Between the magical acupuncture with Frances “l(fā)ove story“ has lasted for 4 centuries. The French fascination with acupuncture was first missionary caused by sixteenth Century Jesus will. By nineteenth Century, acupuncture caused large - La E Neck characters in France (French physician, medical stethoscope inventor) and Trousseaus attention and love. Since then, the French love continued down to acupuncture. 1932年，從中國回到法國的外交官喬治。蘇利耶。德莫朗在比沙開設了第一家針灸醫(yī)療診所，從此開始了法國針灸醫(yī)療的風潮。 神奇的針灸術與法國之間的“愛情”故事已經(jīng)持續(xù)了4個世紀。法國人對針灸術的迷戀最初是由16世紀的耶穌會傳教士引起的。到了19世紀，針灸術引起了法蘭西醫(yī)學院里的大人物拉埃內(nèi)克（法國醫(yī)師，聽診器的發(fā)明者）和特魯索等人的注意和喜愛。自那以后，法國人對針灸的這種喜愛一直持續(xù)下來。,Development,Law,In 1985, the French Ministry of health set up “about acupuncture treatment of the problem research committee“. In 1987 the committee by all university courses and education together examination qualified students to the qualification certificate system. In 1990, a French physician Association Council agreed to recognize the acupuncture studies certificate, and identification of effective acupuncture teaching diploma before 1990. In 1990, by the University interscholastic diploma acupuncture form formal teaching subjects. At present, the University interscholastic diploma is only get medical association accredited acupuncture diploma. Who got the diploma of doctor, can be in card, phone book and prescription of paper marked “acupuncture doctor“ or rather write “medicine division, acupuncture“ title. 1985年，法國衛(wèi)生部設立了“關于針灸治 療諸問題研究委員會”。 1987年該委員會通過按所有大學共同課程 及教育方式考試合格的學生發(fā)給資格證明的制度。 1990年，法國醫(yī)師公會理事會同意承認針灸學習證書，并認定1990年前針灸教學文憑有效。1990年起，針灸便以大學校際文憑形式成為正式的教學科目。目前，大學校際文憑是得到醫(yī)師公會唯一認可的正規(guī)的針灸文憑。凡取得這張文憑的醫(yī)師，可在職牌、電話號簿及處方紙上注明“針灸醫(yī)師”或更確切地寫上“全科醫(yī) 師， 針灸方向”職銜。,Communication,At present, the University of Bordeaux 2, University of Lyon, Montpelier University, Nantes University, Paris thirteenth University and University of Strasbourg and other colleges and universities of medicine acupuncture group, acupuncture theory and application of teaching for practice right of medical staff. Over the years, Pariss five largest and de Paris and Chinese aspects in the field of acupuncture teaching closely. 波爾多第二大學、里昂大學、蒙彼利埃大學、南特大學、巴黎第13大學和斯特拉斯堡大學等高校的醫(yī)學院有針灸班，為有行醫(yī)權的醫(yī)護人員提供針灸理論和應用教學。多年來，巴黎五大與巴黎十三大和中國方面在針灸教學領域的往來密切。,When acupuncture popular in Europe, even the world famous painter Picasso in France received acupuncture treatment of intractable neuropathy, and obtained the very good curative effect. 當針灸風靡歐洲各國時，連世界著名畫家畢加索也在法國接受了針刺治療頑固性神經(jīng)病，并獲得很好療效。,The boy wanted to acupuncture to France. 洋小伙想把針灸帶回法國。,In March 26, 2013, the French doctor of acupuncture and Moxibustion Science (ASMAF), Dr. Sautreil and Dr. Bellvers visit to the Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Spain. 2013年3月26日，法國針灸醫(yī)生科學會（ASMAF）會長Sautreil醫(yī)生及西班牙Bellver醫(yī)生一行訪問云南中醫(yī)學院。,Spain 西班牙,Acupuncture and moxibustion Acupuncture has existed in Spain for more than 10 years.This was owing to the Spanish Chinese veteran Yang Gao , who is the director of the Foreign Affairs Office of the Spanish emperor Acupuncture Science Society,and DR.COBOS. 針灸在西班牙蓬勃開展已經(jīng)有十多個年頭，這要歸功于西班牙華人老前輩楊高先生，和柯（醫(yī)學）博士（DR.COBOS）。,As Dr Yang matchmaking，Chinese ancient medicine essence can develop in Seville. 由于楊先生的牽線搭橋，使得這個中國古老的醫(yī)術精華，得以在塞維亞發(fā)展,Origin,In the early 1990s，The Spanish royal physician office and China Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Guanganmen hospital made an agreement that decided to held academic communication about traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture and moxibustion between the two organizations. 上世紀九十年代初，西班牙皇家醫(yī)師公署和中國醫(yī)學科學院北京廣安門醫(yī)院、北醫(yī)大北京第三人民醫(yī)院經(jīng)過洽談，協(xié)商，達成協(xié)議，決定組織西、中兩國之間進行中醫(yī)藥及針灸學術交流活動。,The Chinese teacher helped Spain for training qualified doctor. Since then, the Spanish royal physician office Acupuncture Science Society was proclaimed emperor. 由中方提供師資，協(xié)助西班牙培訓合格的針灸醫(yī)生，此后，西班牙皇家醫(yī)師公署皇帝針灸科學學會宣告成立。,Certification,The Spanish will convene a meeting about traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture and moxibustion in June . They hire Beijing collaboration hospital experts and scholars to give lectures, exchang experience, explore the academic theory. 每年六月份都要召開中國針灸、傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥國際學術會議。聘請北京協(xié)作醫(yī)院的專家、學者來西講學，互相交流經(jīng)驗，探討學術理論。,At the same time, Dr Ke start the acupuncture professional class at his university, schooling for two years. After graduation, he organizes the students to collaboration in China hospital for a month of clinical practice in a year in August in vacation. 同時柯博士任教的大學中，開辦了針灸專科班，學制二年。結業(yè)以后，于每年八月份，利用度假期間，組織學生專門去中國的協(xié)作醫(yī)院進行為期一個月的臨床實習。,After the end of internship, students receive a certificate only if they are approved by the Chinese doctors. So the acupuncture doctors can be recognized in Spain and has the qualification for acupuncture treatment. treatment for the patient can mount guard. 實習結束，經(jīng)過中國醫(yī)師認可，發(fā)給證書。這樣，這個針灸醫(yī)生就被認可，在西班牙就有進行針灸治療的資格，可以上崗為病人治療。,“Practice the 2011 Spain acupuncture clinical training class“successfully completed .,Present situation,Now acupuncture has be an important treatment applying to clinical in labor hospital in Seville . Its reliable effect has been recognized by the public. As other treatment, acupuncture are allowed to submit an expense account according to the regulations of the labor insurance.And it is an important symbol that the government admit its legality. 如今在塞維亞的勞保醫(yī)院，已經(jīng)把針灸作為一種重要的治療手段應用于臨床，其可靠的效果已被公眾所認可，并且和其他治療方法一樣，可以按照勞保規(guī)定，準予報銷，這是政府承認其合法性的一個重要標志。,Britain 英國,Origin,Acupuncture and moxibustion entered into the Europe in the early seventeenth Century.Dr. johnchurchill published a report about the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with acupuncture in England in 1821.The first phase “Lancet“ refer to the acupuncture in1823. 針灸進入歐洲是在17世紀初期,1821年英國醫(yī)生johnchurchill發(fā)表針刺治療風濕性關節(jié)炎的報告,1823年第一期柳葉刀雜志談及針灸,Develop,The development of acupuncture started in the UK in 1960s, when some British people went to Beijing for a short visit and grasp some basic techniques of acupuncture and moxibustion. They founded the acupuncture clinic in London after returned to England with a group of 10 20. 針灸在英國的發(fā)展始于上20世紀60年代,當時一些英國人赴中國北京等地進行短期參觀學習,初步掌握了針灸的一些基本技術。他們回英國后在倫敦等地創(chuàng)辦了針灸診所,當時針灸隊伍約1020人,In 1970s, founded the first guild acupuncturists : British Acupuncture Association and Registion,BAAR . In 1980s, there are more British people went to China to study the acupuncture, especially about the theory and clinical practice of acupuncture and moxibustion. Since then, the acupuncture started to develop at full speed. 20世紀70年代,成立了最初的針灸師行會組織:英國針灸師注冊協(xié)會. 20世紀80年代,有更多英國人到中國學習針灸,較多地學習了針灸的一些理論和臨床實踐。從那時起,針灸在西方開始飛速發(fā)展。,In 1990s, the number of British acupuncture practitioners increased repidly.By 1995, it have been developed to the entire complement of medicine after Western chiropractic employees number. 20世紀90年代以來,針灸從業(yè)人員人數(shù)劇增,到1995年全英國針灸從業(yè)人員已發(fā)展到整個補充醫(yī)學界僅次于西式正骨療法的從業(yè)人員數(shù)。,At present, the British Association of acupuncturist acupuncturists registered nearly 3000 people.,Legislation and Registration,In June 16, 2008, a group of legislative work the British Ministry of health submitted the legislative suggestion to the British government about “acupuncture, herbal medicine, Chinese medicine“ , which emphasized acupuncture is no longer the subsidiary of the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine or herbal but independent “name“ appeared in the proposal. 2008年6月16日,在由英國衛(wèi)生部立法工作小組提交給英國政府的“針灸、草藥、中醫(yī)”立法建議中,針灸不再作為中醫(yī)師或草藥醫(yī)師的附屬,而是以獨立的“名號”出現(xiàn)在提案中。,ASANTE Academy of Chinese Medicine,Present situation,At present is engaged in the medical service institutions, public hospitals, private hospitals and doctors China opened chain of clinics, which throughout the uk. 目前從事針灸醫(yī)療服務的機構中,有公立醫(yī)院、私立醫(yī)院以及中國醫(yī)生開設的連鎖診所,它們遍布整個英國。,Treatment of diseases,rheumatoid arthritis（風濕性關節(jié)炎） neck and back pain（頸肩腰腿痛） climacteric syndrome（更年期綜合征） stop smoking (戒煙) depression (壓抑) chronic fatigue syndrome (慢性疲勞綜合征) insomnia (失眠) gout（痛風） eczema（濕疹）,Expenses support condition,The UK is a national public health state.So,medical institutions designated hospitals diagnosised by NHS do not need to pay any fees,similarly to the acupuncture. While in private hospitals and clinics, as long as the medical insurance , acupuncture fee will be reimbursed. In this regard, It is slightly less than other European countries . 英國是一個全民公費醫(yī)療國家,凡是到衛(wèi)生保健體系(NHS)指定的醫(yī)療機構不需要支付任何費用。同樣,凡是在這個范圍之內(nèi)針灸亦是免費的。若在私立醫(yī)院和診所,只要加入醫(yī)療保險(需支付費用),針灸的費用亦給予報銷。在這方面,與其他歐洲國家比較稍顯不足。,Acupuncture is not yet incorporated into the British government NHS.So there are a variety of expenses forms.But still many patients prefer to do that at the expense of acupuncture treatment.Acupuncture is popular in the UK. 針灸目前尚未納入英國政府NHS,對于針灸費用報銷問題,形式多種多樣,但仍有許多病人寧愿自費來做針灸治療,說明針灸在英國頗受歡迎,Germany,Present Situation,According to the German Medical Association statistics, at present the Chinese doctors, including nearly 30,000 people engaged in acupuncture, massage and Qigong therapy. 12,000 members in Germany acupuncturists Association , 3,200 members in German Acupuncture and Meridians and Collaterals Therapy Association are engaged in acupuncture therapy. 據(jù)德國醫(yī)學會統(tǒng)計，目前包括華人醫(yī)生在內(nèi)近3萬人從事針灸、按摩和氣功治療。德國針灸醫(yī)師協(xié)會1.2萬名會員、德國針灸與經(jīng)絡治療協(xié)會3200名會員都在從事針灸治療工作。,In recent years, The rising price of Medicine.Therefore, the German Ministry of health in order to reduce the medical cost,so they encourage doctors and patients by Acupuncture and moxibustion.,近年來德國市場藥材成本增高，醫(yī)藥價格上漲。因此，德國衛(wèi)生部為降低醫(yī)療成本，也鼓勵醫(yī)生和病人采用針灸療法。,education,Teaching In University, schools run by social forces, media education. University of Munich in the forefront, in 1977 they organized the first itinerate speech(巡回講座)of acupuncture. 主要通過三種方式：大學院校講授、社會力量辦學、媒體普及教育。慕尼黑大學走在前列,1977年他們舉辦了首次針灸巡回教學講座。,文字部分：,在美國新聞和世界報道出版的世界大學排名榜上，慕尼黑大學一直位于德國前三名的位置。在英國泰晤士關于世界大學2011-2012的最新排名中，慕尼黑大學位于世界大學第45名。 在最新的2012年德國高校9大專業(yè)領域排名中，慕尼黑大學在其中的6大專業(yè)領域名列前三甲，其中3項名列第1，在醫(yī)學、管理學、社會科學等領域擁有傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢。,prominent figures,*1983年慕尼黑大學【university of munich】成立了“經(jīng)驗醫(yī)學研究所“。 該所所長文樹德(P. U. Unschuld)教授是著名的漢學家【Sinologist】、醫(yī)史學家【Medical historians】,還是哲學、藥學、公共衛(wèi)生學博士,更是宣傳中醫(yī)、教授中醫(yī)的杰出人物。 *1988年,著名漢學家文樹德(P.U. Unschuld)興奮地說:“中西醫(yī)相遇300年來,從未象現(xiàn)在這樣相互注意過,二者均發(fā)現(xiàn)了自已所缺乏而又被忽視了的財富“。,One of the largest television station ZDF Germany has repeatedly interviewed reported Kuiciting Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, was the day on the famous produced a television film, with 46 minutes of the traditional Chinese medicine, in the prime time broadcast, caused a bigger echo in the society.,social media,德國最大的一家電視臺ZDF曾多次采訪報道魁茨汀中醫(yī)院,曾由其著名的節(jié)目主持人制作了電視片,用46分鐘介紹中醫(yī)藥,在黃金時間播出,引起較大反響。,Kuiciting Hospital Institute of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture, massage to make full use of tra