2019考研英語完形填空模擬題23篇

1、2019考研英語模擬題(1)SectionUse of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word（s）from each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10 points）一、美陪審團(tuán)制度As former colonists of Great Britain，the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Bri

2、tain. We have a“common law”，or law made by courts_1_a monarch or other central governmental_2_like a legislature. The jury，a_3_of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case，is an_4_ part of our common-law system.Use of juries to decide cases is a_5_feature of the American legal system. Few other coun

3、tries in the world use juries as we do in the United States._6_the centuries，many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result_7_would be obtained using a judge_8_，as many countries do._9_a jury decides cases after“_10_”，or discussions among a group of people，th

4、e jurys decision is likely to have the_11_ from many different people from different backgrounds，who must as a group decide what is right.Juries are used in both civil cases，which decide_12_ among_13_ citizens，and criminal cases，which decide cases brought by the government _14_ that individuals have

5、 committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and_15_. Jurors，consisting of _16_ numbers，are called for each case requiring a jury.The judge_17_to the case_18_the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states，_19_jurors are questioned by the judge；in others，t

6、hey are questioned by the lawyers representing the_20_under rules dictated by state law.1. A other than B rather than C more than D or rather2. A agency B organization C institution D authority3. A panel B crew C band D flock4. A innate B intact C integral D integrated5. AdiscriminatingB distinguish

7、ing C determining D diminishing6. A in B by C after D over7. A that B which C than D as8. A alike B alone C altogether D apart9. A Although B Because C If D While10.A deliberations B meditations C reflections D speculations11.A outline B outcome C input D intake12.A arguments B controversies C dispu

8、tes D hostilities13.A fellow B individual C personal D private14.A asserting B alleging C maintaining D testifying15.A assembled B evoked C rallied D summoned16.A set B exact C given D placed17.A allocated B allotted C appointed D assigned18.A administers B manages C oversees D presides19.A inspecti

9、ve B irrespective C perspective D prospective20.A bodies B parties C sides D units答案1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.C 8.B 9. B 10. A11. C 12. C 13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B總體分析本文介紹了美國的陪審團(tuán)制度。第一段指出，陪審團(tuán)是美國共同法系統(tǒng)的基本組成部分。第二段分析了使用陪審團(tuán)的原因。第三和四段分別介紹了陪審團(tuán)的類型和選舉程序。全文翻譯美國的建國之父們作為大英帝國的前殖民者沿襲了其法律系統(tǒng)

10、。我們有“共同法”，即由法庭而非君主或其他像立法機(jī)關(guān)這樣的中央政府權(quán)利機(jī)關(guān)制定的法律。陪審團(tuán)由一群選來裁決案件的普通公民組成，是我們共同法系統(tǒng)基本的組成部分。使用陪審團(tuán)裁決案件是美國法律系統(tǒng)的一個顯著特征。在世界上很少有其他國家和美國一樣使用陪審團(tuán)。幾個世紀(jì)以來，許多人已經(jīng)相信在大多數(shù)情況下陪審團(tuán)比許多國家那樣單獨(dú)使用一位法官達(dá)成的結(jié)果更公平、公正。因?yàn)榕銓張F(tuán)裁決案件是在一群人“審議”或討論后，因此他們的決定可能受到不同背景的不同人的影響，這些人必須作為一個團(tuán)體來決定什么是正確的。陪審團(tuán)既被用在裁決普通公民之間糾紛的民事案件中，也用在裁決政府提出訟訴聲稱個人犯罪的刑事案件中。陪審團(tuán)成員從美國公

11、民中選出并被傳喚。由固定人數(shù)組成的陪審團(tuán)在每一個需要陪審團(tuán)的案件中都會被召喚。被指派負(fù)責(zé)案件的法官監(jiān)督陪審團(tuán)成員的選舉。在一些州，未來的陪審團(tuán)成員由法官詢問，而在另一些州，他們遵照州法律規(guī)定的法規(guī)接受代表各方當(dāng)事人的律師的詢問。二、英國車速監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the countrys speed camera network is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the _1_could become a poll tax

12、 on wheels，_2_huge number of drivers. There could be many more incidents of vandalism _3_cameras.The warnings came_4_a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either_5_to expansion plans or considering _6_.Nationwide，the number of speeding tickets is expecte

13、d to treble，_7_ 90 million a year._8_the scheme，police keep some of the cash from fines to _9_the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and_10_that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed_11_at making roa

14、ds safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by _12_a half.But motoring organizations fear cameras will be sited on relatively safe_13_fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possible. Some forces are also expected to_14_the“thres

15、hold”speeds at which cameras are_15_to the absolute legal minimum-15 mph in a 10 mph limit，and 26 mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers instead of concentrating on the road，and _16_to more accidents. Sue Nicholson，head of campaigns at the RAC，said，“We dont

16、 have a problem with speed cameras _17_. But we do have concerns about_18_they are sited. Police risk losing credibility _19_motorists if cameras are seen as revenue-raising _20_safety devices.”1. A promotions B punishments C penalties D payments2. A isolating B separating C alienating D detaching3.

17、 A towards B against C before D over4. A so B once C as D where5. A subjected B engaged C intended D committed6. A taking part B keeping silence C making exception D paying respect7. A financing B profiting C funding D netting8. A From B Under C On D With9. A hide B cover C conceal D veil10. A pledg

18、ing B assuring C confirming D ensuring11. A essentially B strongly C wholeheartedly D purely12. A in all B fewer than C at most D up to13. A but B whereas C though D while14. A fit B put C set D fix15. A levered B geared C handled D triggered16. A lead B add C contribute D resort17. A any less B by

19、itself C after all D as such18. A who B when C where D which19. A in B with C against D for20. A in spite of B far from C rather than D by means of答案1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9.B 10. D11. D 12.D 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. C 19.B 20.C總體分析本文講述了英國車速監(jiān)控?cái)z像體系擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃的內(nèi)容及影響，著重闡述了這一計(jì)劃的支持者（警察

20、和財(cái)政部門）和反對者（機(jī)動車管理機(jī)構(gòu)）的觀點(diǎn)。全文翻譯一旦擴(kuò)大車速監(jiān)控?cái)z像體系，這個國家財(cái)政部每年就能從罰款中額外增加2000萬收入。機(jī)動車管理機(jī)構(gòu)警告說這種罰款可能變成對汽車征收的人頭稅，從而疏遠(yuǎn)很多駕駛者。也可能出現(xiàn)更多破壞攝像機(jī)的事件。警告出現(xiàn)的同時，每日郵報的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)英格蘭和威爾士的23支警力幾乎都有所行動，不是致力于部署監(jiān)控體系的擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃，就是在考慮加入其中。預(yù)計(jì)（在實(shí)施監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)后）全國范圍內(nèi)違章超速行駛的罰單數(shù)量會增加兩倍，罰金數(shù)目一年達(dá)9000萬。按照計(jì)劃，警察保留一部分罰金用以支付安裝和維修新攝像機(jī)的費(fèi)用，并且保證現(xiàn)有的攝像機(jī)中總是裝有膠卷。其余的罰金將上繳財(cái)政部。財(cái)政部長們和

21、警察都堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為該計(jì)劃的目的是提高公路的安全性。他們指出八個試點(diǎn)地區(qū)撞車事故減少了四分之一，嚴(yán)重傷亡事故減少至一半。但是機(jī)動車管理機(jī)構(gòu)擔(dān)心警察為了多開罰單會把攝像機(jī)裝在相對安全但行車速度較快的直行道上，還會為車速監(jiān)控?cái)z像機(jī)設(shè)置最低合法車速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如把正常的每小時10英里限速提高到每小時15英里，每小時20英里限速提高到每小時26英里。這樣做會使司機(jī)盯著自己的里程計(jì)而不把精力集中到路面上，從而引發(fā)更多的交通事故。英國皇家汽車俱樂部（RAC）活動負(fù)責(zé)人休。尼科爾森說，“嚴(yán)格上說，我們對車速監(jiān)控?cái)z像機(jī)并無意見，我們擔(dān)憂的是它們被安放的地點(diǎn)。如果把監(jiān)控?cái)z像機(jī)視為（政府）聚斂財(cái)政收入的手段而不是安全設(shè)施，那

22、么警察就可能喪失他們在駕駛者心目中的威信”。三、大眾媒體The mass media is a big part of our culture，yet it can also be a helper，adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a（an）_1_for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way，it_2_ a variety of functio

23、ns in human life.The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the_3_ of leisure：there is less time for games，amusement and rest._4_ by what is happening on the screen，children not only imitate what they see but directly_5_ themselves with different characters. Americans have been c

24、oncerned about the_6_ of violence in the media and its_7_harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period，new media _8_，such as video games，cable television，music videos，and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity，these media，_9_television，_10_public concern an

25、d research attention.Another large societal concern on our young generation_11_by the media，is body image._12_forces can influence body image positively or negatively._13_one，societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing_14_our concepts of beauty. In the mass media，the images of_15_beauty fil

26、l magazines and newspapers，_16_from our televisions and entertain us_17_the movies. Even in advertising，the mass media_18_on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are presented with a_19_defined standard of attractiveness，a（n）_20_that carries unrealistic

27、physical expectations.1. A alternative B preference C substitute D representative2. A accomplishesB fulfills C provides D suffices3. A risk B mercy C height D expense4. A Absorbed B Attracted C Aroused D Addicted5. A identify B recognize C unify D equate6. A abundance B incidence C prevalence D recc

28、urrence7. A disposed B hidden C implicit D potential8. A merged B emerged C immerged D submerged9. A apart from B much as C but for D along with10. A promote B propel C prompt D prosper11. A inspired B imposed C delivered D contributed12. A External B Exterior C Explicit D Exposed13. A As B At C For

29、 D In14. A mark B effect C impact D shock15. A generalized B regularized C standardizedD categorized16. A boom B bottom C brim D beam17. A over B with C on D at18. A play B take C profit D resort19. A barely B carefully C narrowly D subjectively20. A ideal B image C stereotype D criterion答案1. C 2. B

30、 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9.D 10. C11. B 12.A 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. A 19.C 20.A總體分析本文主要論述了大眾媒介對青少年產(chǎn)生的影響。第一段指出，大眾媒介可以替代社會機(jī)構(gòu)和社會交往在年輕人的生活中起著各種各樣的作用。第二段指出，由于青少年模仿他們在電視中看到的乃至將其與現(xiàn)實(shí)相混淆，人們一直擔(dān)憂媒介對他們可能產(chǎn)生危害。第三段媒介對美的狹隘界定對青少年的不良影響。全文翻譯大眾媒體是我們文化的重要組成部分，但是它也可以成為年輕一代的助手、建議者和教師。大眾媒介作為許多機(jī)構(gòu)和社會交往的替代品影響

31、著年輕人的生活。通過這種方式，它在人們生活中起到了各種各樣的作用。在電視屏幕前耗費(fèi)的時間常常是以休閑為代價的，即有更少的時間用于游戲、娛樂和休息。由于被電視屏幕上的東西吸引，孩子們不僅模仿他們看到的，而且還直接將自己視為電視中的各種不同的人物。美國人對媒體中暴力的普及及其對孩子和青少年的潛在危害的擔(dān)憂至少已經(jīng)有四十年了。在這段時期里，新的媒體，如：電視游戲、有線電視、音樂錄像帶以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)出現(xiàn)了。由于這些媒體繼續(xù)受到歡迎，它們連同電視一起引起了公眾的擔(dān)憂和研究的注意。媒體使年輕一代受到社會另一大關(guān)注的方面是身體形象問題。外部力量能對身體形象產(chǎn)生正面和負(fù)面的影響。舉例來說，社會文化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和大眾媒介的營

32、銷沖擊著我們關(guān)于美的觀念。在大眾媒介中，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)美女的形象充斥著報刊雜志，從電視中播放出來，在電影中娛樂著我們。甚至大眾媒介還在廣告中利用公認(rèn)的瘦和健康的文化價值來贏得商業(yè)利潤。青少年被給予的是狹隘界定的吸引力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，它是一種包含著對外形的不切實(shí)際的期望的完美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。四、英國的飲食與健康A(chǔ) recent parliamentary report blames the government and the food industry for the growth in obesity. The Department of Transport is blamed for not doing enough

33、 to_1_facilities for pedestrians and cyclists while_2_ to pressure from motoring organizations representing car users. The Ministry of Education is_3_of selling off school playing fields and not doing enough to_4_adequate facilities for physical education and games. Young people in Britain have beco

34、me crazy about football（soccer and rugby），but too often as_5_“couch potatoes”。The food industry is blamed for promoting junk food to school children and not doing enough to_6_down on sugar，fats and salt in prepared foods. The industry，_7_by the current popularity of the Atkins low-carbohydrate diet，

35、has begun to _8_，but it is trying to protect a huge market and will need to do_9_more if it is to_10_off increased regulation.Japan seems less_11_so far by the problem of obesity，_12_ as the Japanese diet becomes increasingly_13_（burgers and doughnuts）the problem will grow. _14_，Japanese cuisine has

36、 become highly popular in Britain. It is seen as healthy in a different way from the Mediterranean diet_15_its emphasis on tomatoes and olive oil combined with red wine.A fairly small amount of red wine is now_16_as beneficial to the heart，_17_its other encouraging properties. But Britain has to do

37、more to_18_the problems of alcoholism_19_with the binge-drinking cultureincluding violence and vandalism. Limited consumption of alcohol，as long as it is not_20_with driving，is harmless and possibly beneficial.1. A stimulate B commend C promote D elevate2. A submitting B subjecting C subordinating D

38、 surrendering3. A charged B denounced C scolded D accused4. A assure B ensure C secure D guard5. A speculating B spectating C specializing D sightseeing6. A fall B get C cut D bring7. A stung B bitten C chewed D licked8. A retort B refute C respond D resolve9. A abundantly B considerably C extensive

39、ly D principally10. A defend B beat C hold D ward11. A upset B affected C effected D impressed12. A or B for C but D if13. A popularized B globalized C westernized D localized14. A AccordinglyB Interestingly C Surprisingly D Strikingly15. A as B on C but D with16. A accepted B approved C assumed D a

40、cknowledged17. A but for B let alone C regardless of D much less18. A cope B challenge C tackle D undertake19. A matched B related C united D associated20. A bonded B combined C merged D incorporated答案1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.D11.B 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.A 17. B 18.C 19.D 20.B總體分析本文主要介

41、紹了英國飲食存在的問題。第一至二段指出，英國政府和食品工業(yè)被指責(zé)導(dǎo)致肥胖患者的增多。第三段指出，一方面日本飲食因日益西化，肥胖問題變得嚴(yán)重；另一方面，日本飲食在英國很流行，被視為健康飲食。第四段指出適度飲酒對身體有益，但英國要應(yīng)付的是與過度引酒相關(guān)的問題。全文翻譯一份最近的議會報告指責(zé)政府和食品工業(yè)導(dǎo)致肥胖患者增多。交通部門被指責(zé)在促進(jìn)步行和騎車設(shè)施的發(fā)展方面做得不夠，而且屈從于代表汽車使用者的機(jī)動車組織的壓力。教育部被指責(zé)出賣學(xué)校的操場，在保證提供用于體育教學(xué)和游戲的充足設(shè)施方面做得不夠。英國的年輕人為足球和橄欖球而瘋狂，但更多的只是坐在家里看電視的“沙發(fā)土豆”。食品工業(yè)被指控向?qū)W生兜售垃圾

42、食品，在減少熟食中糖、脂肪和鹽含量方面做得不夠。受到目前艾特金斯低碳水化合物飲食潮流的刺激，食品工業(yè)已經(jīng)有所反應(yīng)，但是它要努力保護(hù)一個龐大的市場，而且如果要避開日益增多的規(guī)定，它需要做的事情還很多。迄今為止，日本看上去受肥胖問題的影響較小，但是隨著日本人食譜的日益西化（夾餅和油炸圈餅），問題會變得嚴(yán)重。有趣的是，日式烹飪在英國很流行。它被看作是有別于地中海飲食的另一種健康飲食，后者著重于西紅柿和橄欖油以及與之相結(jié)合的紅酒。稍飲紅酒現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為有利于心臟，更不用說紅酒其它令人振奮的品性。但是英國人還需要做許多事情來解決與狂飲文化有關(guān)的酗酒問題包括暴力和破壞行為。有節(jié)制的酒類消費(fèi)，只要不和駕駛行為搭

43、伴，就是無害的并可能是有益的。五、失眠Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are using_1_ therapies，even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans _2_awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or _3_an pill，hoping it will make them sleepy._4_ experts

44、agree all that self-medicating is a bad idea，and the causes of chronic insomnia remain_5_.Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping，and about 10 percent have_6_ of daytime impairment that signal true insomnia. But _7_the complaints，scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chronic i

45、nsomnia，its health consequences and how best to treat it，a panel of specialists _8_together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called_9_a broad range of research into insomnia，_10_that if scientists understood its _11_causes，they could develop better treatments.Most，

46、but not all，insomnia is thought to _12_other health problems，from arthritis and depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping in_13_complicates those other problems. Other diseases _14_，the r

47、isk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more _15_among women，especially after their 50s. Smoking，caffeine and numerous _16_drugs also affect sleep.The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research，some_17_to specific disorders and others _18_the underlying scien

48、tific laws that control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was_19_the panels review before deciding what additional work should be_20_ at insomnia.1. A unproven B unknown C improper D imperative2. A fall B lie C seem D become3. A prescribe B pop C abuse D experiment4. A And B Though C Thus D Bu

49、t5. A peculiar B anonymous C mysterious D unexpected6. A signals B symptoms C signs D symbols7. A in addition toB except for C owing to D for all8. A pulled B collected C brought D drawn9. A on B for C up D in10. A noting B notifying C nosing D nominating11. A undertakingB underlining C underlying D

50、 undermining12. A cause B accompany C follow D attend13. A short B case C essence D turn14. A inside B outside C aside D besides15. A common B popular C frequent D regular16. A conscriptionB description C subscriptionD prescription17. A aimed B targeted C designated D designed18. A examining B inspe

51、cting C verifying D assessing19. A conducting B awaiting C receiving D considering20. A assigned B charged C directed D attended答案1.A 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.A11.C 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.C總體分析本文主要介紹了對失眠的研究工作。文章第一段指出慢性失眠是一個重要的公共健康問題，但其致病原因仍是個迷。第二段介紹了（美）全國衛(wèi)生研究所一個專家小組的結(jié)論，

52、該小組呼吁對失眠進(jìn)行廣泛的研究。第三段討論了失眠與其他因素，如疾病、年齡、藥物等的關(guān)系。第四段介紹了（美）全國衛(wèi)生研究所對失眠正在進(jìn)行的研究情況。全文翻譯慢性失眠是一個主要的公共健康問題。而且，太多人正使用未經(jīng)驗(yàn)證的治療方法，盡管有些方法確實(shí)是有效的。上百萬的美國人夜里睡不著覺，躺著數(shù)羔羊、喝杯烈酒或吞個藥片，希望這會使他們產(chǎn)生困意。然而，專家們一致認(rèn)為，自作主張亂吃藥并不是解決失眠的好方法，導(dǎo)致慢性失眠的原因目前還是一個謎。幾乎有1/3的成年人存在睡眠障礙，而且大約10%的人有白天功能減退的癥狀，這些癥狀表明他們確實(shí)患上了失眠癥。但是，一個由（美）全國衛(wèi)生研究所召集的專家小組在周三得出這樣的

53、結(jié)論：盡管（社會上關(guān)于長期失眠的）抱怨很多，但科學(xué)家們對長期失眠的原因，它對健康的影響以及如何有效地治療都知之甚少。該專家小組呼吁對失眠癥進(jìn)行廣泛研究，指出如果科學(xué)家們了解了失眠的潛在原因，他們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)更好的治療方法。很多，但不是所有的失眠癥被認(rèn)為伴隨著其他健康問題產(chǎn)生，從關(guān)節(jié)炎、抑郁到心血管疾病。而問題通常是不知道是先產(chǎn)生失眠，還是失眠是其他疾病的結(jié)果，以及失眠如何又使其他問題變得更加復(fù)雜。撇開其他疾病不說，失眠的可能性隨著年齡的增加而增加，而且在婦女中更加普遍，尤其是50歲以后。吸煙、咖啡因及眾多的處方藥也影響睡眠。（美）全國衛(wèi)生研究所今年要花大約2000億美元用于睡眠的相關(guān)研究，其中一

54、些以特定的（睡眠）紊亂為目標(biāo)，另外一些觀察控制睡眠神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的潛在科學(xué)規(guī)律。該機(jī)構(gòu)正等待專家小組的評論以決定對失眠進(jìn)行的下一步研究工作。六、聽的行為A recent poll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe that communication between them and their parents is_1_and further that one of the prime causes of this gap is _2_listening behavior. As a（an）_3_ in p

55、oint，one parent believed that her daughter had a severe_4_problem. She was so _5_that she took her to an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested both ears and reported back to the parent：“Theres nothing wrong with her hearing. Shes just _6_you out.”A leading cause of the _7_d