2020年10月全國現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)自考試題及答案解析

1、精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦全國 2019 年 10 月高等教育自學(xué)考試現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)試題課程代碼： 00830 .Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the fourchoices best completes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets.(2%10=20%)1.Chomsky uses the term()to refer to the actual realizationof a la

2、nguageuser sknowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.A. langueB. competenceC. paroleD. performance2.In terms of the place ofarticulation,the following sounds tdsznshare the feature of().A. palatalB. alveolarC. bilabialD. dental3.Transformational Generative Grammar was intro

3、duced by () in 1957.A. L. BloomfieldB. F. SaussureC. N. ChomskyD.M. A. K. Halliday4.Natural languages are viewed to vary according to () set on UG principles to particularvalues.A. Adjacent ConditionB. parametersC. Case ConditionD. Case requirement5.Synonyms are classified into several kinds. The ki

4、nd to which “ girl ”and“ lass ” belong is called() synonyms.A. stylisticB. dialectalC. emotiveD. collocational6.The illocutionarypoint of () is toexpress the psychological state specified intheutterance.A. representativesB. commissivesC. expressivesD. declaratives7.Modern English wordsman, woman, ch

5、ild , eat, fight, ect. originate from ().A. Middle EnglishB. Old EnglishC. FrenchD. Norman French8. In a diglossic country, the two diglossic forms of a language are generally two varieties of thesame language,butthere are situations inwhich the H-variety mayhave no ()relationship with the L-variety

6、.1精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦A. geneticB. socialC. directD. close9.Many aphasics do not show total language loss. Rather, differentaspects of language areimpaired. Aphasics in () area reveal word-finding difficulties and problems with syntax.A. WernikersB. visualC. motorD. Brocas10. () motivation occurs when the lea

7、rner desires to learn a second language in order tocommunicate with native speakers of the target language.A. InstrumentalB. FunctionalC. IntegrativeD. Social . Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the firstletter of which is already given as a clue. Note

8、that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.(1 10=10 )11. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to bed.12.Stops, fricatives, affricates, liquids, and glides all have some degree of oand aretherefore con

9、sonants.13.Mis the smallest meaningful unit of language.14.Ais the movement of an auxiliary verb to the sentence- initial position, such as“ be” ,“ have ” , “ do” etc.15. R is what a linguistic form refers to in the real world; it is a matter of the relationship between form and the reality.16.In Au

10、stin s early speech act theory,cwere statements that either state or describe,and were thus verifiable.17.In the process of first language acquisition, children usually construct their personal grammars,and their language develops in stages until it athe grammatical rules of the adultlanguage.18.A s

11、community is one group, all of whose members share the same language or atleast a single language variety.19.People may communicate their feelings or thoughts viansignals such as facialexpressions, gestures, postures, or proxemic space.20.Althoughthe development ofa communicativesystem is not unique

12、 to human beings, thenatural acquisition of las a system of highlyabstract rules and regulations forcreative communication is what distinguishes humans from all other animal species. .Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the

13、brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is2精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. (2 10=20 )21. () The writing system of a language is always a later invention used to record speech;thus there are still many languages in today s world t

14、hat can only be spoken, butnot written.22. ()In such sound combinationsas /bi:p/,/geip/ and /su:p/,the voicelessstop /p/,occurring in the final position, is unaspirated, i.e. pronounced with the strong puffof air withheld to some extent.23. () The part of speech of the compound is always determined

15、by the part of speech ofthe second element, without exception.24. () The relationship between the embedded clause and its matrix clause is one of a partto the whole.25. () The contextualist view of meaning holds that meaning should be studied in termsof the situational context and linguistic context

16、.26. ()Searleclassificationof illocutionary acts is based on theclassificationofperformative verbs.27. () One kind of language change results in an increase of the number of exceptional orirregularmorphemes.Thiskindofchange hasbeencalledinternalborrowing that is, we“ borrow” from one part of the gra

17、mmar and apply the rulegenerally.28. ()There are differences in the way peopleof various age categories speak. Thedifferences most easily noted by the layman are likelyto be grammaticalinnature.29. () The left hemisphere of the brain is superior to the right hemisphere because the lefthemisphere is

18、language-dominant.30 () A child born to a Chinese or English speaking family takes about the same numberof years to acquire their native tongue, regardless of their general intelligence. .Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration.(310=30 )31. assimilation rule32. root33. bound morphemes34. surface structure35. grammaticality36. elaboration37. bilingualism38. creole3精品自學(xué)考試資料推薦39. the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis40. fossilization . Answer the following questions.(10 2=20 )41. The phonological features that occur above the level of individual