A short history of western painting課文批注.ppt

1、Unit 1A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING,1.Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will d

2、escribe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD.,受影響,習(xí)俗和信仰,因此，結(jié)果 =therefore/thus/so,否定前綴（in、im、un、dis）,certain,comfortable.important,interesting,able,fair,friendly,happy,healthy,kind,lucky,pleasant,tidy,usual等等 active,correct,complete,direct等等 patient,possible,polite,proprt等

3、等 appointed, like，appear等等,前綴un:,前綴in:,前綴im:,前綴dis：,2.The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical pi

4、cture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.,畫家的主要目的,宗教的主題,對.不感興趣,充滿了,非限制性定語從句,用一種更現(xiàn)

5、實的方式,(1)without aim漫無目的地 with the aim of以期，意在 achieve ones aim達到目的 miss ones aim希望落空，失敗 take aim at向瞄準(zhǔn) (2)aim sth.at sb./sth.用某物朝向/瞄準(zhǔn)某人或某物 aim at/for sth.力求達到 aim high胸懷大志，力爭上游 aim at doing sth./aim to do sth.意欲、企圖、力求做某事 (3)be aimed at目的是，旨在,介詞填空/用所給詞的正確形式填空 (牛津P42)Teamwork is required in order to a

6、chieve these _ (aim) 要達到這些目標(biāo)需要齊心協(xié)力。 (牛津P42)She went to London with the aim _ finding a job. 她去倫敦是為了找工作。 In a word，the program aims _ (encourage) students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society. 總之，這個計劃目的是鼓勵學(xué)生們成為積極的市民并讓他們在社會中發(fā)揮作用。,aims,of,to encourage,英語語法點：非限制性

7、定語從句,用Which ，who, whose, whom 填空 1.These apple trees，_ I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit。 這些蘋果樹是我三年前栽的，還沒有結(jié)過果實。 2.She is an artist，_ I am not .她是一位藝術(shù)家，而我不是。 3.Water，_ is a clear liquid，has many uses .水是一種清澈的液體，有許多用途。 4.The two policemen were completely trusted，_ in fact they were .那

8、兩個警察完全受到信任，事實上，也真是如此。,which,which,which,which,5.Peter, _you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得現(xiàn)在回巴黎了，你在倫敦見過他。 6.The boy, _father is an engineer, studies very hard. 那位小男孩學(xué)習(xí)很努力，他的父親是位工程師。 7.Mr Smith，from _I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist. 史密斯先生是一位著名的科學(xué)家，我從他那兒學(xué)了許多東西。 8._ it known to the U

9、nited States, Mark Twain is a great American writer. 美國人都知道，馬克?吐溫是一位偉大的美國作家。,whom,whose,whom,As,3.The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more

10、 humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous

11、artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.,adopt 采用，領(lǐng)養(yǎng) adapt適應(yīng)于，適應(yīng)不同情況（或環(huán)境）(to) An adopted child 領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子,(1)be possessed of 具有(某品質(zhì)、能力等) (2)possession n(常作復(fù)數(shù))所有；財產(chǎn) in possession of 占有；擁有；持有 in sb.s possessionin the possession of s

12、b. 為某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain possession of 擁有；占有,完成句子/用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 Mr.Smith _ great selfconfidence. 史密斯先生具有很強的自信心。 When her father died，she came into _ (possess) of a large fortune. 她父親去世時，她繼承了一大筆財產(chǎn)。 Their opponents were in possession of the ball for most of the match. The ball was _ their opponen

13、ts for most of the match. 他們的對手在比賽的大部分時間里控制著球。,was possessed of,possession,in the possession of,4. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinc

14、ed that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and

15、 deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.,5.Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly indust

16、rial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.,新的發(fā)明,6.The Impressio

17、nists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At fi

18、rst, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.,Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call modern art. This is because the Impressionists enc