高中英語 定語從句語法講解課件 新人教版 (1).ppt

1、The Attributive Clause,定語從句 富源六中寧益慶,1.定義：,2.先行詞：,3.關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞：,在復(fù)合句中用來用來修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。,被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞（antecedent）。,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞,關(guān)系代詞：,關(guān)系副詞：,Who, whom, whose, which, that等,When, where, why等,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的作用：,1、引導(dǎo)作用 2、替代作用 3、在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)某個(gè)成分的作用,Eg: 1.Those who want to go please sign your names here. 2.This i

2、s the house where he was born. 3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.,關(guān)系代詞的用法,人；物,物,人,人,人、物,主語；賓語,主語；賓語,主語；賓語,賓語,定語,作賓語可省,作賓語可省,作賓語可省,可省,不可省,關(guān)系副詞的用法,時(shí)間,狀語,否,地點(diǎn),狀語,否,原因,狀語,否,判斷下列引導(dǎo)詞在句中的用法,Eg:1.He is such a man who never tells a lie. 2. He is the model worker whom/who we should

3、learn from. 3. A dictionary is a book which often helps us to know the meanings of the words. 4. This is the film which I like best. 5. The boy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends.,指代、所作成分、是否可省略,6. The house whose roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon. 7. It was 11

4、oclock when the accident happened last night. 8. This is the village where I was brought up.,關(guān)系代詞which和that的區(qū)別：,A.關(guān)系代詞必須用that的情形：,This is the best film that I have ever seen. The first man arrived at the class was our headteacher. This is the only ticket that I got yesterday. This is the very book t

5、hat Im looking for. Is there anything that I can do for you? All that you have to do is to press the button. There is no time that we can waste. The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.,Summarize: 只能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的幾種情況,1)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾時(shí)。,2）先行詞被the

6、only,the very,the same,the last修飾時(shí)。,3)先行詞是不定代詞all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等.,4）先行詞被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修飾。,5）先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。,B.指物時(shí)，作介詞的賓語，關(guān)系代詞只能用which,This is the question about which weve had so much discussion.,Practice:,1.They asked him to tell them everything _ he

7、 saw at the front. A. what B. that C. which D. where 2.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. (1992) A.that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 3. I dont like _ you speak to her. (1993上海) A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which,B,D,A,Correct the

8、following sentences:,1.This is the best film which I have seen. 2.Thats all which want to say.,This is the best film that I have seen.,Thats all that I want to say.,3.Is there anything which you want in this shop? 4.He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all. 5.The room

9、in that she lives is a large one.,Is there anything that you want in this shop?,He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.,The room in which she lives is a large one.,關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的用法,1.Do you still remember the day whenwe went to visit the museum together?,Do you sti

10、ll remember the day on whichwe went to visit the museum together?,2.This is the factory wheremy father once worked.,This is the factory in whichmy father once worked.,3.This is the reason whyhe was late.,This is the reason for which he was late.,Summarize:,在定語從句中關(guān)系副詞都等于一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~加上which，在從句中作狀語,When=in

11、/at/on/+which; Where=in/at/on/+which; Why=for /+which,as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 (1),This is the same pen as I lost. This is the same pen that I lost.,Please compare:,這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。,這本書就是我丟的那本。,as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,The earth is round._ is known to all. The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the eart

12、h is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which / as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected,定語從句在句首時(shí)只能用as,as 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句 (2),This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like. This is such an inte

13、resting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語從句),這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句),介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況

14、 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可見,who、that 不能用與介詞之后,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 4,Is

15、 this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短語中介詞不能提前,下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescop

16、e he could study the skies.,介詞+關(guān)系代詞的情況 練習(xí),on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spo

17、ke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,1.當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí),如: All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等,只能用that 做關(guān)系代詞的情況,2.

18、當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修飾時(shí),3.當(dāng)人和物合做先行詞時(shí),4.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),5.在疑問詞who、which、what開頭的句子中,Practice:,1.- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. (1999) - Is that the reason_ you had a few days off? A.why B. when C. what D. where 2.Im going to visit the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago. A.where B. that C. which D. what 3.Do you still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing? A. which B. that C. when D. where,A,A,C,關(guān)系副詞when, where和關(guān)系代詞that, which的區(qū)分 同樣是修飾一個(gè)地點(diǎn)，有時(shí)使用where，有時(shí)使用that/which； 同樣是修飾一個(gè)時(shí)間，有時(shí)使用when， 有時(shí)使用that/which 主