青島科技大學(xué)《英語(yǔ)綜合》2023-2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末試卷

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2023-2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末試卷院(系)_______班級(jí)_______學(xué)號(hào)_______姓名_______題號(hào)一二三四五六總分得分第一部分（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）1、Tomisproudand________,neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.A．strict B．stubbornC．sympathetic D．sensitive2、Playingwiththeirpeers,childrenlearntoandnotdoexactlywhattheywanttodo.A．compromiseB．competeC．contributeD．construct3、It’shardforelderlypeopletosee______convenienceasmartphonecanbringtous.A．whatB．whichC．whoseD．how4、Itiswidelyacknowledgedinforeigncompaniesthatemployeesshouldbe________intermsofinnovationcapability.A．examinedB．evolvedC．evaluatedD．encouraged5、Thepresidentstoodbyawindowinsidetheroom,________Ientered,lookingoverthesquare.A．where B．intowhichC．which D．that6、RegardingChina-USdifferencesonhumanrightsissues,Hongsaidthetwosidescanenhancemutualunderstandingthroughdialogue______onequalityandmutualrespect.A．based B．tobase C．basing D．base7、Let'swalktothatvillagetogether.__________.Howcanwetwogirlsdothatinthedark？A．Iagreewithyou. B．That'sagoodpoint.C．Youmustbejoking！ D．That'snotyouropinion！8、Theonlineword“selfie”isgaining______andmoreandmorepeopletendtouseitnowadays.A．a(chǎn)ccessB．a(chǎn)dmissionC．controlD．currency9、LastDecemberChina_____100Chineseand10foreignersfortheiroutstandingcontributionstothecountry’sreformandopening-up.A．distinguishedB．sponsoredC．a(chǎn)cknowledgedD．evaluated10、Housepricesareusuallymuchhigher________therearesubwaystationsaround.A．where B．unless C．while D．though第二部分閱讀理解（滿分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAmericanfamiliesareaccustomedtosettlinginfarawayplaces,whichhasbeenanationalphenomenon.Decadesofdata,includingamorerecentGallupstudy,characterizestheUSasoneofthemostgeographicallymobilecountriesintheworld.“AboutoneinfourUSadults(24percent)hasreportedmovingwithinthecountryinthepastfiveyears.”thereportednoted.WiththeexceptionofFinns(23percent)andNorwegians(22percent),AmericansmoveconsiderablymorethantheirEuropeanpeers.Thoughsomemaymoveforloveorfamily,themajorreasonwhyAmericanschoosetomovearoundis,unsurprisingly,relatedtowork.CitingdatafromtheCurrentPopulationSurvey,apostontheblogoftheNewYorkFednotedthatbetween1998and2013,“slightlymorethanhalfofinterstate(州際的)migrantssaidtheymovedforemployment-relatedreasons—acategorythatincludesmovesundertakenfornewjobs,jobtransfers,andeasiercommutes(通勤).”Theseekingofopportunity,particularlyforanimmigrantnation,isanationalmythology(神話)aswellasanemotionalattachmenttowork.AnewworkingpaperanalyzedbyBenStevermanatBloombergsuggeststhatworkersintheUSnow“putinalmost25percentmorehoursthanEuropeans”inagivenyear.Thisfigurehassteadilyrisensincethe1970s,whenthehoursloggedbyworkersinWesternEuropeandtheUSwereroughlythesame.Thereare,ofcourse,someinternalfactors.TheUSismuchvasterthanmostEuropeancountries,plusitboasts(擁有)acommonlanguage.ItisconsideredtobeasignofanefficientlabormarketthatUSworkerscanbepersuadedtomovetoregionswherethereisasteadygrowthinjobs,suchastheSunBeltinrecentyears.AndwhileAmericanworkersoftenhavefewerlaborprotectionsthantheirEuropeancounterparts,asareportbytheWorldBanknotedin2012,American“l(fā)aborlawsgiveemployersthepowertofire,hire,orrelocate(重新安置)workersaccordingtotheirneeds”，aflexibilitythatisthoughttoaideconomicgrowth.TheWorldBandreportaddedthattheoccupationoftheaverageUSemployeein2006was4years,comparedto10yearsintheEuropeanUnion.Nevertheless,whileAmericansremainexcessivelymobile,FaithKarahanandDariousLiattheNewYorkFedarethelatesttonotethatUSworkersaremovingaroundlessthanbefore.Duringthe1980s,3percentofworking-ageAmericansrelocatedtoadifferentstateeachyear;thatfigurehadbeencutinhalfby2010.“WhilepartofthedeclinecanbeattributedtotheGreatRecession，”theauthorssuggest,“this__phenomenontookplaceoverthecourseofseveraldecadesandisnotnecessarilyrelatedtotheeconomicconditions.”Sowhataccountsforthisphenomenon?Around-upoftheoriesbyBradPlumeratTheWashingtonPostincludedtheagingoftheUSworkforce,thefurtherriseoftwo-incomehouseholds,theburdensofrealestate,evolvingworkplaceculture,aswellastheflatlineofwages,whichmakesmovingawayforajob,onaverage,alessrewardingfinancialproposition.KarahanandLiputmuchstockintheeffectsofanagingworkforce,towhichtheyattributeatleasthalfofthedeclineininterstatemigration.“Inshort,ayoungindividualtodayismovinglessthanayoungpersondidinthe1980sbecauseofthehigherpresenceofolderworkers，”theywrite,suggestingthatemployershaveshiftedtheiremploymenttactics(策略)toadapttothechangingdemographics(人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù))oftheworkforce.Needlesstosay,moviesaboutthiserainAmericanlife,inwhichfewerpeoplesetouttostartlivesinwide-rangingplaces,willprobablybemuchlessexciting.1、Accordingtothepassage,inthepastfiveyears,Americanshavemoved________.A．relativelylessthantheBritish B．lessfrequentlythanItaliansC．slightlymorethanNorwegians D．considerablymorethanFinns2、WhatcanweinferfromParagraphs2and3?A．Americanschoosetomovemainlyforworkandfamily.B．Americanshaveaverystronginterestinwork.C．AmericansinvestedmoretimeinworkthanEuropeansin1975.D．AmericanstendedtomovetoEuropebetween1998and2013.3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyAmericanworkersmovemorethantheirEuropeanpeers?A．ThereisacommonlanguageintheUS.B．TheUSismuchvasterthanmostEuropeancountries.C．Americanlaborlawsgiveemployersmorefreedomtodealwiththem.D．Theyareofferedmoreefficientlaborprotections.4、Theunderlinedpart“thisphenomenon”inParagraph5refersto________.A．theGreatRecessionB．thedeclineofworking-ageAmericans'interstatemigrationC．thereductioninthenumberofworking-ageAmericansD．Americans'tendencytoremainmobile5、HowdoAmericanemployersdealwiththeagingworkforceaccordingtothepassage?A．Bystickingtotheirpreviouspolicies. B．Byadjustingtoit.C．Byimprovingtheiremployees'jobskills. D．Byraisingemploymentstandard.6、AstothecurrentsituationofAmericansmigration,theauthormightfeel________.A．curious B．strange C．confused D．disappointedBPhysicscouldsoonmakeitpossibletoreplacethoseheavyglasslenses（鏡頭）oncameraswith“metalenses”－materialsengineeredtofocuslightatafraction（少量）oftheweightandsizeoftraditionallensing.AteamfromHarvardUniversity’sschoolofengineeringhasdesignedametalensthatcanfocusnearlytheentirevisiblelight.Previousmetalensescouldfocusonlynarrowcolorwavelengths,orwavelengthsoutsidethevisible.Whenlightmovesthroughglass,thedifferentwavelengthsthatmakeupthelightslowatdifferentrates.Thiscausestheirpathsthroughtheglasstobend,sothattheyseparate.Passabeamofwhitelightthroughaprism（棱鏡）,andthiseffectwillcausearainbowtoburstouttheotherend.Thispresentsachallengetolensmakers;asinglefocusingelementwillprojectapicturethathascolorsfromredtoviolethittingdifferentspotsonthefilm.So,modemcameralensesusemanydifferentglasselementstoreversethateffect,pushingthedifferentwavelengthsoflightbackontoasinglefocalpoint,althoughthatdoesn’tworkperfectly;manyphotographersknowthepainofbuyinganexpensivelensonlytofindavioletedgearoundthesubjectsintheirphotographs.Ametalenstakesadifferentapproachtofocusinglight.Insteadofusingthereflectionofglass,ametalensusestinystructures,typicallymadeoftitaniumdioxide（二氧化鈦）,tobendwavelengthstowardthemetalensfocalpoint.Inthepast,though,metalensescouldbendjustonewavelengthatatime,orinmoreadvancedcases,anarrowbandofthevisuallight.Thenewlycreatedmetalensbendsnearlythefull.Metalenseshaveotherchallengestoovercomebeforetheycancompeteseriouslywithtraditionalglass.Themostsignificantone:resolution（分辨率）,accordingtoajournalarticle.Noneofthemetalensessofarareparticularlysharpcomparedwiththeirbestglasscompetitors.But,again,asthetechnologyprogresses,itcouldaddressthatlimitation.Metalensesmightnotlandonstoreshelvesanytimesoon,buttheyarecoming.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthe“metalenses”fromParagraph1?A．It’ssmall.B．It’sexpensive.C．It’svisible.D．It’snarrow.2、Whyisittoughinmakinglens?A．Lightislowatdifferentrates.B．Lightpathisbentwhenlighttravels.C．Animagehascolorsfromredtoviolet.D．Whitelightwillcausedifferentcolors.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reverse”inParagraph4mean?A．Change.B．Exchange.C．Increase.D．Improve.4、What’suniqueinwaysoffocusinglightforanewmetalens?A．Itthrowstheglasslightback.B．Itusesmetalsinthestructure.C．Itnearlymakesthevisuallightallbend.D．Itismoreadvancedandnarrow.第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．Whiletraveling,youmighthavestayedatahotelorafamilymember’shouse.Buthaveyoueverthoughtaboutstayinginastranger’s1?Thismightsound2,butit’sactuallyatrendthat’sbecomingpopulararoundtheworld,includingChina.Lodgingrental(借宿出租)companieslikeAirbnbarehelpingpeoplelookforcheapwaysto3.Thiswebsiteallowspeopletorentouttheir4roomsorapartmentsasanalternativeto5inover190countries.CreatedbyyoungAmericanmenBrianChesky,JoeGebbiaandNathanBlecharczyk,Airbnbisagoodexampleofa6economy.ThroughtheInternet,peopleshare7suchascars,apartmentsand8theirexpertise.9postinformationaboutthelocation,prices,descriptionsandpictures.Guestscangotothe10andfindtheirfavoriteplacetostay.Users11theiropinionsontheirstaysothatpeopleknowwhetheraplaceisgoodornot.AmaninNewYorknamedJonathanPowleyevenrentsouthis12for$22(140yuan)pernightthroughAirbnb.Thisisno13car.Powleytookoutthecarseatsandchangedthe14tolookmorewelcoming.Hekeepsitcleanandputsflowersiniteveryday.Heprovidessnacksandtellstravelerswheretheycangoandshower.ButAirbnbdoeshavesome15.Sometimesyouenduplivingwithastrangeroritisnotas16asitlookedlikeonline.17,hostssometimesgetmadwhentheygethomeandit’sacomplete18.InChina,Airbnboperatesinfive19includingBeijingandShanghai.Thecountryhasseenamajor20inAirbnbusersinthepastyear.1、A．officeB．campC．homeD．garden2、A．greatB．a(chǎn)mazingC．dangerousD．strange3、A．travelB．playC．walkD．live4、A．newB．privateC．spareD．separate5、A．shopsB．hotelsC．restaurantsD．homes6、A．sharingB．differentC．freshD．commercial7、A．objectsB．roomsC．resourcesD．experiences8、A．stillB．yetC．a(chǎn)lwaysD．even9、A．HostsB．TravelersC．GuestsD．Sellers10、A．companyB．websiteC．hotelD．a(chǎn)gent11、A．showB．postC．putD．deliver12、A．expertiseB．carseatsC．a(chǎn)partmentD．taxi13、A．ordinaryB．comfortableC．terribleD．special14、A．outsideB．insideC．sizeD．shape15、A．regulationsB．reasonsC．problemsD．a(chǎn)dvantage16、A．niceB．cheapC．badD．real17、A．AlsoB．InsteadC．ThoughD．Therefore18、A．surpriseB．tripC．messD．joy19、A．projectsB．citiesC．businessesD．a(chǎn)gents20、A．shiftB．dropC．trendD．increase第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Beforethe17th

century,mostofthenativeEnglishspeakerslivedinEnglandAfterthe17th

century,Britishpeoplebegantomovetoother

1．

(country)Gradually,EnglishwasspokenthereAtpresent

2．

(many)peoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondoraforeignlanguagethaneverbefore

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(luck),nativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglishEnglish

4．

(change)anddevelopedwhenculturesmetandcommunicatedwitheachotheroverthepastcenturiesTheEnglish

5．

(speak)inEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferent

6．

themodernEnglishwespeaktodayItwasthenewsettlersthatenrichedtheEnglishlanguageand

7．

(especial)itsvocabularyTheEnglishlanguagewassettledbythe19th

century

8．

twobigchangesinEnglishspellinghappenedEnglishnowisalsospokenasaforeign

9．secondlanguageinSouthAsiaChinamayhavethe

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(large)numberofEnglishlearners第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,intelligentrobotswillbewideusedinthefuture、Atho