廣東省汕頭市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試題（含答案）VIP

廣東省汕頭市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末普通高中教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試題一、第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。WildTimesInTheLoneStarStateWhetheryouareenjoyingtheatmosphereinold-timetowns,hikingintountouchedwildernessorpreparingforhorsebackadventures,theplains,grasslandsandvalleysofTexasmakeforanastonishingjourney.Thisisalandrichinnaturalwonders—readontodiscoverhowyoucouldabsorbyourselfinalittleauthenticwesternculture.HikeANaturalWonderLocatedintheTexas,PaloDuroisthesecondlargestcanyon(峽谷)inNorthAmerica,droppingmorethan240metres.ThehighlightofalongwalkinthisroughbutbeautifulregionistoclimbtotheLighthouse,asandstonerockstructure.Fromhere,youwillbeamazedattheviewacrossmilesofdramaticTexaswilderness.EnjoyAnEnchantedDuskShapedlikealarge,pinkloafofbread,theEnchantedRockstands130mhighatthetop.Hikeuptoitssummitbeforesunsettotakeintheviewacrosstheunevenlandbelow-andlistencarefully:asnightfalls,youmightjustheartherockstarttomakeascreechingnoise,justastheoldlegendsinsistitdoesatdusk.MeetTheRealCowboysFortWorth,asTexanswilltellyou,isknownasCowtown.Everymorningandafternoon,aherdoflonghornsmovesalongExchangeAvenueintheworld'sonlydailycattledrive.Thecowsareheadingtothestockyards.Thisenergeticdistrictisfullofexcitingbarsandrestaurantssetamonggrandearly20th-centurybuildings.ExploreTheDepthsPreviouslyonlyaccessibletoexperiencedexplorers,asectionoftheNaturalBridgeCaverns—ahugecavesystemnearSanAntonio—hasnowbeenopenedtoallcomers.ItincludesanewviewingareaoverlookingapassagecalledtheBoxCanyon,whichprovidesanaturaltheatreforasoundandlightshow.1．WhatisTexasabundantin?A．Naturalattractions.B．Oldlegends.C．Grandbuildings.D．Ancienttowns.2．Whichplaceisrecommendedtoenjoythesunsetscenery?A．PaloDuro.B．TheEnchantedRock.D．TheNaturalBridgeCaverns.C．FortWorth.3．WhatcanbeconcludedaboutTexasfromthetext?A．TheBoxCanyonisatheatreforperformerstoputonshows.B．InFortWorth,cowboysdrivecattletothebarsandrestaurantseveryday.第1頁C．TouristscanoverlooktheTexaswildernessintheNaturalBridgeCaverns.D．ClimbingtotheLighthouseisthemostattractivepartofthehikeinPaloDuro.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。WhenIwasinseniorhighschool,Iwasscaredofwritingapplicationletters.Oneofmybiggestfearswasthefearofrejection.KeepingmyselfinasafespaceanddoingthingsthatIknowIcanperformwellwasmyfavoritepastime.ButIknewIhadtomakeachange,soItriedtoapplyforthecollegemyself.WhenIreceivedthefirstreplyletter,Iwastakingaclassthen.MyheartwasbeatingwildlywhileIwaitedfortheschoolinternettoconnectfaster.WhenIsawtheletterstartingwith"Thankyouforyourapplication.Afteracarefulreview...",Ifeltmyfacegrowinghotter.AlthoughitwasacollegeIwasnotthinkingofgoingtoevenifIdidgetin,Iwasheart-broken.Thisfearisapplicableanywhereelse:thefearofhavingyourprojectsorideasrejectedoreventhefearofbeingrejectedfromyourfriendgroup,tonamebutafew.IcannottellyouhowmanytimesIpasseduptheopportunitybecauseIalwaysthoughttherewerebetterapplicantsoutthere,andforthisreason,Imissedoutonsomanyopportunitiestogrow.Evennowadays,whenIgetarejectionletterfromascholarshipapplication,Ihavethesameimmediatereaction,nomatterhowmanyrejectionsI'vegonethrough.Buttheaftermath(創(chuàng)傷)doesgeteasierEverytimeIamrejected,Iamabletobouncebackandhandinanotherapplicationmorequickly.Alongthejourneyofrejections,IrealizethatIamnotincompetent,butthateveryoneelsemaybemorecapable.Andthatisokay.Thisfearwillnevertrulygoaway.I'mstillterrifiedtowriteandpublishmyarticles.ButitisthrillingtoknowthatIwritewhatIwanttosay,exploremymindandlearnmoreaboutmyself.Uncertaintyisscary,butwithoutexperiencingthescariness,wewouldnevergrow,wouldwe?4．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor'sapplyingforthecollege?A．Heknewhecouldperformitwell.B．Hesteppedoutofhiscomfortzone.C．Hewasunwillingtomakeachange.D．Hecouldn'twriteapplicationletters5．Whatcausedtheauthortogiveupsomanychancestogrow?A．Hisdiscontentatthechances.B．Hisinneruncertaintyabouthimself.C．Hispoorabilitytotakeupthetask.D．Hispreviousexperiencesofbeingrejected.6．Howdoestheauthorrespondtobeingrejectednowadays?第2頁A．Hestruggleswithself-doubt.B．Hedoesn'tfeelscaredanylonger.C．Hemakesfasteradjustments.D．Hefeelsdisappointedanddesperate.7．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Relieveyourselfoffear.B．Bravethefearofrejection.C．Rejectsayingnotoyourself.D．Seizetheopportunitytogrow.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。For32years,BrendaRichardsonhasprovidednutrition(營養(yǎng))servicestoadiversegroupofpeopleaged50andolder.Herjourneybeganincollegewhenshetookanutritioncoursethatlitupherpassiontobecomearegisterednutritionist.Afterearninganundergraduatedegreeindietetics(膳食營養(yǎng)學(xué))andinstitutionadministration,RichardsonwasselectedtopracticeatWalterReedArmyMedicalCenterinWashington,D.C..Later,sheworkedatseveralmilitaryemergencyfacilitiesandthenbecamethehospitalchiefofclinicaldietetics.Shealsoleftactivedutytoworkasafoodbuyerandnutritioneducatorforschools."Iamexcitedtoseetherealimpactthatfood,nutritionanddiningcanhaveonthepreventionandmanagementofmalnutritionandthequalityoflifeforeachkid."sherecalled.In1987,Richardsonwasofferedaroleservingadifferentpopulationinlong-termcare.Shewasnotonlyaconsultantforindependentliving,assistedlivingandnursingfacilities,butasoworkedwithfoodproducersanddistributorstodevelopdietarysupplementproductsforseniors.Additionally,shevolunteeredwithsomeorganizations,wheresheprovidededucationandtrainingfortheirmemberstoservetheelderly."WhileIenjoyworkinginemergencycareandschools,Ipreferworkingwithmycolleagues.toprovethevalueofnutritionforhealthyaging,"shesaid."Itissorewardingtoseeimprovementsinperson-centeredcare,thepreventionand-managementofmalnutritionandotherdiseases,andthepositiveimpactnutritiononindividuals'dailylives."In2019,afterbeingnominatedbytheHealthCareCommunityDieteticsPracticeGroupandIndianaAcademyofNutrition,RichardsonreceivedtheLennaFrancesCooperMemorialLectureAward."ThisisagreathonorthatrepresentsCooper'sheritageandleadershipinthefieldofnutritionanddietetics,"shesaid."Herheritagehasenabledmetoimprovemylifethroughevidence-basednutrition.Iamhonoredandhumble."8．WhatmotivatedRichardsontobearegistereddietitianatfirst?A．Herdutyforschools.B．Herjourneytoacollege.第3頁C．Herserviceforseniors.D．Herattendanceinanutritioncourse.9．WhatisRichardson'sspecialcontributionasadietitian?A．Sheservedasanutritionconsultantforschools.B．Shebecamedirectorofclinicalnutritionatthehospital.C．Shevolunteeredwithherfellowstopreventdiseasesforeachkid.D．Shedevotedherselftoservingtheagingpopulationthroughfoodandnutrition.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"nominated"meaninthelastparagraph?A．Appointed.B．Named.C．Proposed.D．Distributed.11．Whereisthisarticleprobablytakenfrom?A．Ahealthmagazine.B．Aseniorservicewebsite.C．Anutritioncookbook.D．Aneducationnewspaper.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Ifyou'veevercookedacomplexmealwithsomeone,youknowthelevelofcooperationrequired.Americanresearchersrecentlyshowedthatinavirtualkitchen,artificialintelligence(AI)learnedhowtocooperatewithahumanjustbywatchinghumansworktogether.TherearesomewaysresearchershavealreadytrainedAItoworkwithpeople.Manyapproachesinvolvereinforcementlearning,whereanAIinteractswithanenvironmentonline-whichcanincludeotherAIsorhumans—andisrewardedformakingdecisionsthatleadtodesiredoutcomes.GoogleDeepMind'sprogramAlphaGo,forexample,learnedtheboardgameGousingreinforcementlearning.ButstartingtraininganAIfromzerotointeractwithpeoplethroughcompletetrialanderrorcanwastealotoftimeandcanberisky.AnotherchoiceistotrainoneAItomodelhumanbehavior,andthenusethatasatirelesshumanreplacementforanotherAItolearntointeractwith.Researchershaveusedthismethodinasimplegame.Butrepeatinghumanbehaviorinmorecomplexsettingscanbedifficult.Thusinthestudy,researchersusedofflinereinforcementlearning—amethodfordevelopingstrategiesbyanalyzingrecordedbehaviorratherthanthroughreal-timeinteraction.Previously,offlinereinforcementlearninghadbeenusedmostlytohelpvirtualrobotsmoveortohelpAIssolvemazes(迷宮),buthereitwasappliedtothetrickyproblemofworkingwithhumans.Insteadoflearningbyinteractingwithpeople,thisAIlearnedbywatchinghumaninteractions."TheresearchworkintroducesawayforAItolearntoteamupwithhumans,withoutevenpracticingwithus.Itcouldhelpimprovehuman-AIinteractions."saysNikolaidis,directorofalab.Inthefuture,humanswillincreasinglyworkwithAI,bothonlineandinthephysicalworld.Sometimeswe'll第4頁wantanAItosilentlyguideourchoicesandstrategies,likeagoodteammatewhoknowsourweaknesses."ItsolvesanimportantproblemhowAIcanlearntoworkwithpeople,"saysNikolaidis.12．Whatisthefunctionofreinforcementlearninginthepassage?A．It'showAIlearnedtoworkwithpeopleB．It'showresearchershelpedAIlearncooking.C．It'showGoogleDeepMinddevelopedAlphaGo.D．It'showAIgotrewardsformakingcorrectchoices.13．Whatistheadvantageofofflinereinforcementlearning?A．Itreliesonreal-timeinteraction.B．IthelpsAIlearnbyinteractingwithpeople.C．Ittakeslesstimeandhaslessdanger.D．Itisrealizedthroughmistakesandcorrections.14．WhatisAIexpectedtodointhefuture?A．Tocookacomplexmealonitsown.B．Topointoutourweaknessesdirectly.C．Tooffervoicelessguidancesometimes.D．Tosolvedifficultproblemsforhumans.15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．AIlearnscooperationbypractising.B．AIlearnscookingfromhumans.C．AIlearnscookingwithouthumans'help.D．AIlearnsteamworkbywatchinghumans.二、第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoWorkWithDifferentCulturesWorkingeffectivelywithdifferentculturesisanecessaryskillforanyoneinaculturallydiverseworkenvironment.Culturalvariationsintheworkplacemayrangefromsimpleregionaldifferences,suchasvaryingdialects,todifferentperspectivesontimeliness,productivity,andcommunication.?16．?.Beawareofyourwordsandactions.Whatseemsappropriatetoyoumaynotbeaculturalstandardtoanotherperson.Beforeyougivesomeoneatworkahighfiveorapatontheback,takeamomenttoconsideryouractions.Basedonwhatyouknowaboutthatculture,istouchingintheworkplaceappropriate??17．?Iswhatyou'reabouttosaypossiblyrude?Ifso,figureoutawaytorephrase.第5頁Practicepatience.Itmaytakeawhileforyoutogetusedtoworkingwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Don'tworry,that'snormal.Trynottogetangryifcommunicationtakesalittleextraeffortatfirst.Forexample,maybeyouarenowworkingwithsomeonewhosefirstlanguageisnotyourmothertongue.Inthiscase,theymightnotunderstandyourpoint.?18．?Trysaying,"Ok,IcanseeI'mnotmakingmyselfclear.HowcanIhelpusgetonthesamepage?"Lookatissuesfromadifferentperspective.Don'tassumethatyouarealllookingattheissuefromthesameangle.It'spossiblethatyoumightthinkyou'reworkingwiththesamegoalsinmind,butthatyouhaveadifferentunderstandingoftheprocessoroutcomes.?19．?Lookingatanissuefromanotherperspectivecanhelpyoufindsolutionsthatyoumightnothaveconsidered.?20．?Butifyouputyourselfintherightframeofmind,youwilllikelyfinditarewardingexperiencedespitesomechallenges.A.Animportantstrategyisaskingquestions.B.Agoodruleistoconsideryourwordsbeforeyouspeak.C.Learningtocommunicatebetterhelpsyouworkwithpeople.D.Therearesuggestionsforyoutoworkwithdifferentcultures.E.Oncesomeoneexplainstheirviewpoint,takesometimetoreflectF.Insteadofgettingimpatient,trytotreatitasalearningexperience.G.Ifyou'veneverworkedwithdifferentculturesbefore,itcanbedifficult.三、第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空格處的最佳選項。Six-year-oldCecilyhadtogothroughbrain-canceroperationsandMagneticResonanceImaging(MRI,核磁共振)scans.However,shecouldn'ttakeherfavourite21．withherintothemagneticmachinebecausetheyhadmetalinthemCecilyandhermumgot22．withCecilyinMRIscans.Inspiredtocreatethesedollsforothersickkids,shehospitalsandsoldotherstoraisefunds.Duetohigh24．,theyneededotherdollmakerstoworkwiththem.Soon,dollmakersworldwideasobegan25．,sendingtheirhandmadedollstosupportthe26．Cecily'sinterest27．.Shebegansellinghandmadeclothingpatches(補丁)andjoininginfundraisingeventsforvariouscharities.Includinggiftdonations,Cecilyhas28．$200,000sofar.SoonCecily's29．caughttheattentionofafamoushockeyplayerEvanderKane,whometherwhenhewasrecoveringfrominjuries."She'sjustsucha/an30．girlbecausewhileshe'sgoingthroughallthesethings,shedoessomuchtogiveback,"Kanesaid.Kanegaveherasportsshirtwithhissignature,and.Theytriedmakingaspecialdoll,usingMRI-safematerials,thatcouldstay23．sometochildren's.31．shegavehimapatchthatread,"Scarsaretattooswithbetterstories."Sincetheymet,Kanehashadhis第6頁youngfriend's32．indifferentways,like33．CecilytosomeofherMRIscans.TodayCecilycallsherselfabraincancer34．,butsheisstillfollowedcloselybyherdoctors.Whenaskedforadviceonsuccessfulfundraising,shesaid,"Youdon'tgetsomethingback,onewayoranother."35．bygivingbecauseyoualwaysget21．A．giftsB．petsC．dollsD．clothesD．ready22．A．upset23．A．donated24．A．profit25．A．competingC．comparing26．A．cause27．A．faded28．A．earned29．A．patienceC．honestyB．creativeB．lentC．thrilledC．a(chǎn)ppliedC．demandD．requestedD．levelB．desireB．consideringD．contributingC．companyC．disappearedC．raisedB．effectB．grewB．keptD．hospitalD．remainedD．harvestedB．curiosityD．generosityC．healthy30．A．a(chǎn)mazing31．A．onoccasionC．inexchange32．A．timeB．fortunateD．prettyB．bychanceD．a(chǎn)teaseB．backC．a(chǎn)ttentionC．seekingC．victimD．day33．A．a(chǎn)ppointing34．A．nurse35．A．richB．a(chǎn)ccompanyingB．patientD．a(chǎn)daptingD．survivorD．poorB．successfulC．lost四、第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThelanternfairinZigong,SouthwestChina'sSichuanprovince,whichhas?36．1,000years,isonceagainattractingvisitorswithits?37．?(beautiful)decoratedlanterns.Visitors??prefertraditionallanternscanfindlanternswithflowers,birdsandlandscapes.Gaininggreat??(popular)amongyoungpeople,uptonowthisyear'sshow?40．?(receive)?historyofmorethan38．39．morethan3,000children'sartworksfromaroundtheworld.Someoftheartpieceswereturnedintolanternsbyskilledartisans.Inadditiontothecraftmanship,modern?41．?(technology)suchas3Dprimtingandartificialintelligencewerealsoused?42．?(make)thelanternsmorevividandelegant.Besides,theellantemshowhadtheconceptofenvironmentalprotection.Forexample,adragonlantern?43．?(measure)第7頁over200meterslongwasmadebytyingtogethersome200,000discarded(廢棄的)waterbottles.ThelanternshowwillrununtilJuly30.Thesetsoflanternswillbeupdatedtokeepup?44．?othertraditionalChinesefestivals,liketheDragonBoatFestival.VisitorscanalsoenjoyfolkartsandChinesemusicperformancesduring?45．?(they)lantern-viewingtours.4010110分）根據(jù)句意及所給漢語提示，拼寫出該單詞的恰當(dāng)形式，并把答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。46．Jackfeltscaredofthesurroundings,but?47．Theathletemadeevery?48．??(好奇心)gotthebetterofhim.?(努力)towintherace.?(相比較)withtraditionalbooks,e-booksaremoreenvironmentally-friendly.49．Thetableisspecially?50．The??(預(yù)定)foryou.?(滿足)ofhelpingothersisoneofthemostrewardingaspectsofvolunteering.?(祝賀)mademehappy.51．Receivingtheir?52．Hespenttheevening??(反思)ontheeventsoftheday.53．Thetouristboughtalocalartworkasa??(紀(jì)念品).54．Theresearchteambegananin-depth??(分析)ofthedataonclimatechange.55．Aftercollege,shedecidedto??(追求)acareerinmarketing.六、第二節(jié)（滿分15分）56．假如你是李華，學(xué)校英文報舉辦"我最喜愛的運動員"主題征文比賽。請你寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.人物介紹；2.對你的影響。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。MyFavouriteAthlete七、第三節(jié)（滿分15分）57．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheBestTripforActorsSchoolFieldtripsarealwaysfunandfilledwithlearning.Sometimesstudentsvisitamuseumorazoo.ButoneyearwhenIwasteachinginseniorone,Ijoinedsomeninthgradersonthebestfieldtripever.Atthattime,Ihelpedthedramacoachafterschool.WeweregettingthedramaclassmatesreadytopresentShakespeare'sRomeoandJuliet.AtfirstthestudentshadahardtimewiththeoldEnglishwords.Theywouldlaughandactsillyinsteadofsayingtheirlinescorrectly.Butluckyforus,weweretakingthemonafieldtriptotheAshlandShakespeareanFestivalwhichwouldchangeallthat.Inthespringbreak,weallrodeabigyellowschoolbusforeighthoursforthetownofAshlandinSouthernOregon.Allyearlong,Ashlandfulfillsonepurpose:TheShakespeareanFestival.ThewholetownissetuplikeEnglandduringShakespeare'stime,withtheGlobeTheatre,anoutdoortheatre,andactorsinfullcostume.ThestudentsenjoyedseeingthetownsetupliketheirRomeoandJulietset.Overthenextfew第8頁days,wewatchedtwoplays,onewasKingLear,theotherisRomeoandJuliet.WhenwatchingRomeoandJuliet,thestudents'faceslitupbecausetheyknewtheplotofthisplay.SethandEmma,thestudentswhoplayedRomeoandJuliet,carefullylistenedtotheactorsastheysaidtheirlines.Icouldtellfromtheirreactionsthattheyunderstoodtheplayalittlebetter.Theysawtheactorsmoveacrossthestageinthesamewaywehadinstructedthemtomove,andthathelpedreinforcethosemovementsintheirminds.Theywereabletoseehowpowerfulthestorywas;infact,attheend,SethandEmmawerewipingtearsfromtheircheeks.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100詞左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卷的相應(yīng)位置作答。Onthelongbusridehome,thestudentsdiscussedtheplay.第9頁答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了Texas的自然景觀和西部文化體驗?！军c評】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Thisisalandrichinnaturalwonders—readontodiscoverhowyoucouldabsorbyourselfinalittleauthenticwesternculture."這是一片充滿自然奇觀的土地——繼續(xù)閱讀，了解如何讓自己融入一點正宗的西方文化?？芍驴怂_斯州盛產(chǎn)自然景點，故選A。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)EnjoyAnEnchantedDusk部分中的"Shapedlikealarge,pinkloafofbread,theEnchantedRockstands130mhighatthetop.Hikeuptoitssummitbeforesunsettotakeintheviewacrosstheunevenlandbelow"形狀像一塊粉紅色的大面包，魔法石頂部高130米。日落前徒步登上山頂，欣賞下面崎嶇不平的景色，可知建議在theEnchantedRock欣賞日落風(fēng)景，故選B。3．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)HikeANaturalWonder部分中的"LocatedintheTexas,PaloDuroisthesecondlargestcanyon(峽谷)inNorthAmerica,droppingmorethan240metres.ThehighlightofalongwalkinthisroughbutbeautifulregionistoclimbtotheLighthouse"PaloDuro位于得克薩斯州，是北美第二大峽谷，落差超過240米。在這個崎嶇但美麗的地區(qū)徒步旅行的亮點是爬到燈塔。可知爬上燈塔是在PaloDuro旅行中最吸引人的部分，故選D?！敬鸢浮?．B5．B6．C7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者高中時因害怕被拒絕而錯過了很多成長的機會，雖然恐懼沒有消失，但是現(xiàn)在作者被拒絕時能快速調(diào)整狀態(tài)，作者認(rèn)為如果不經(jīng)歷這種恐懼，我們就永遠(yuǎn)不會成長?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解，根據(jù)第一段"WhenIwasinseniorhighschool,Iwasscaredofwritingapplicationletters.Oneofmybiggestfearswasthefearofrejection.KeepingmyselfinasafespaceanddoingthingsthatIknowIcanperformwellwasmyfavoritepastime.ButIknewIhadtomakeachange,soItriedtoapplyforthecollegemyself."第10頁當(dāng)我在高中的時候，我害怕寫申請信。我最大的恐懼之一是害怕被拒絕。把自己放在一個安全的地方，做一些我知道我能做得很好的事情，是我最喜歡的消遣。但我知道我必須做出改變，所以我試著自己申請這所大學(xué)?？芍髡吆ε聦懮暾埿?，因此申請大學(xué)是作者走出舒適區(qū)的行為，故選B。5．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Uncertaintyisscary,butwithoutexperiencingthescariness,wewouldnevergrow,wouldwe?"不確定性是可怕的，但如果不經(jīng)歷恐懼，我們就永遠(yuǎn)不會成長，不是嗎？可知作者害怕被拒絕，內(nèi)心對自己的不確定性導(dǎo)致放棄了很多成長的機會，故選B。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Buttheaftermath(創(chuàng)傷)doesgeteasierEverytimeIamrejected,Iamabletobouncebackandhandinanotherapplicationmorequickly."但后果確實會變得更容易。每次我被拒絕，我都能更快地恢復(fù)并提交另一份申請?？芍?，現(xiàn)在作者被拒絕時能更快調(diào)整狀態(tài)，故選C。7．考查標(biāo)題歸納。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Uncertaintyisscary,butwithoutexperiencingthescariness,wewouldnevergrow,wouldwe?"不確定性是可怕的，但如果不經(jīng)歷恐懼，我們就永遠(yuǎn)不會成長，不是嗎？可知本文講述作者高中時因害怕被拒絕而錯過了很多成長的機會，雖然恐懼沒有消失，但是現(xiàn)在作者被拒絕時能快速調(diào)整狀態(tài)，作者認(rèn)為如果不經(jīng)歷這種恐懼，我們就永遠(yuǎn)不會成長。"勇敢面對被拒絕的恐懼"適合作本文標(biāo)題，故選B?！敬鸢浮?．D9．D10．C11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了BrendaRichardson作為一個營養(yǎng)學(xué)家的成長經(jīng)歷，以及她為老年人的飲食健康所做出的貢獻。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Herjourneybeganincollegewhenshetookanutritioncoursethatlitupherpassiontobecomearegisterednutritionist."她的旅程始于大學(xué)，當(dāng)時她參加了一門營養(yǎng)學(xué)課程，這激發(fā)了她成為注冊營養(yǎng)師的熱情?？芍猂ichardson參加了一門營養(yǎng)學(xué)課程促使她成為一名注冊營養(yǎng)師，故選D。9．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"For32years,BrendaRichardsonhasprovidednutrition(營養(yǎng))servicestoadiversegroupofpeopleaged50andolder."32年來，BrendaRichardson一直為50歲及以上的不同人群提供營養(yǎng)服務(wù)；第二段中的"Iamexcitedtoseetherealimpactthatfood,nutritionanddiningcanhaveonthepreventionandmanagementofmalnutritionandthequalityoflifeforeachkid."我很高興看到食物、營養(yǎng)和餐飲對預(yù)防和管理營養(yǎng)不良以及每個孩子的生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生的真正影響；以及第三段中的"Ipreferworkingwithmycolleagues.toprovethevalueofnutritionforhealthyaging"我更喜歡和同事一起工作。證明營養(yǎng)對健康衰老的價值?？芍?1頁Richardson作為營養(yǎng)師的特殊貢獻是她致力于通過食品和營養(yǎng)服務(wù)于老齡化人口，故選D。10．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的"RichardsonreceivedtheLennaFrancesCooperMemorialLectureAward."Richardson獲得了theLennaFrancesCooperMemorialLecture獎?？芍?In2019,afterbeingnominatedbytheHealthCareCommunityDieteticsPracticeGroupandIndianaAcademyofNutrition"的意思是：2019年，在獲得醫(yī)療保健社區(qū)飲食實踐小組和印第安納州營養(yǎng)學(xué)院的提名后，可推知劃線詞nominated是"提名"之意，故選C。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"For32years,BrendaRichardsonhasprovidednutrition(營養(yǎng))servicestoadiversegroupofpeopleaged50andolder."32年來，BrendaRichardson一直為50歲及以上的不同人群提供營養(yǎng)服務(wù)?？芍疚闹v述的是BrendaRichardson作為一個營養(yǎng)學(xué)家的成長經(jīng)歷，以及她為老年人的飲食健康所做出的貢獻?？赏浦疚目赡軄碜砸槐窘】惦s志，故選A?！敬鸢浮?2．A13．C14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一種新的人工智能學(xué)習(xí)方式，包括其特點以及優(yōu)勢?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Manyapproachesinvolvereinforcementlearning,whereanAIinteractswithanenvironmentonline-whichcanincludeotherAIsorhumans—andisrewardedformakingdecisionsthatleadtodesiredoutcomes."許多方法都涉及強化學(xué)習(xí)，即人工智能與在線環(huán)境進行交互，其中可能包括其他人工智能或人類，并因做出導(dǎo)致預(yù)期結(jié)果的決策而獲得獎勵?？芍?，強化學(xué)習(xí)在文章中的作用是人工智能如何學(xué)會與人合作，故選A。13．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"ButstartingtraininganAIfromzerotointeractwithpeoplethroughcompletetrialanderrorcanwastealotoftimeandcanberisky."但是，從零開始訓(xùn)練人工智能，通過完全的試錯與人互動，可能會浪費大量時間，而且可能存在風(fēng)險；以及第四段中的"Thusinthestudy,researchersusedofflinereinforcementlearning—amethodfordevelopingstrategiesbyanalyzingrecordedbehaviorratherthanthroughreal-timeinteraction."因此，在這項研究中，研究人員使用了離線強化學(xué)習(xí)——一種通過分析記錄的行為而不是通過實時交互來制定策略的方法?？芍?，離線強化學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)勢是花費的時間少，危險小，故選C。14．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Inthefuture,humanswillincreasinglyworkwithAI,bothonlineandinthephysicalworld.Sometimeswe'llwantanAItosilentlyguideourchoicesandstrategies,likeagoodteammatewhoknowsourweaknesses."未來，人類將越來越多地在網(wǎng)絡(luò)和現(xiàn)實世界中與人工智能合作。有時，第12頁我們希望人工智能能夠默默地指導(dǎo)我們的選擇和策略，就像一個知道我們?nèi)觞c的好隊友一樣?？芍斯ぶ悄茉谖磥碛型袝r提供無聲的指導(dǎo)，故選C。15．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段"Americanresearchersrecentlyshowedthatinavirtualkitchen,artificialintelligence(AI)learnedhowtocooperatewithahumanjustbywatchinghumansworktogether."美國研究人員最近表明，在虛擬廚房中，人工智能（AI）僅通過觀察人類協(xié)同工作就學(xué)會了如何與人類合作?？芍疚慕榻B的是人工智能通過觀察人類來學(xué)習(xí)團隊合作，故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．D；17．B；18．F；19．E；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一些關(guān)于如何與不同的文化打交道的建議。【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇文化類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Workingeffectivelywithdifferentculturesisanecessaryskillforanyoneinaculturallydiverseworkenvironment.Culturalvariationsintheworkplacemayrangefromsimpleregionaldifferences,suchasvaryingdialects,todifferentperspectivesontimeliness,productivity,andcommunication."在多元文化的工作環(huán)境中，與不同文化有效合作是任何人的必備技能。工作場所的文化差異可能包括簡單的地區(qū)差異，如不同的方言，以及對及時性、生產(chǎn)力和溝通的不同看法。D.Therearesuggestionsforyoutoworkwithdifferentcultures."一些建議建議你與不同的文化合作。"說明與不同的文化打交道是必要的，所以要學(xué)會在不同的文化中工作，鑒于此提出以下建議，符合語境，故選D。17．根據(jù)空前"Basedonwhatyouknowaboutthatculture,istouchingintheworkplaceappropriate?"根據(jù)你對這種文化的了解，在工作場所觸摸是否合適？；以及空后"Iswhatyou'reabouttosaypossiblyrude?Ifso,figureoutawaytorephrase."要說的話可能很粗魯嗎？如果是這樣，想辦法重新措辭。B.Agoodruleistoconsideryourwordsbeforeyouspeak."說話前要三思而后行。"說明在不同的文化中，要注意你的言行，符合語境，故選B。18．根據(jù)空前"Forexample,maybeyouarenowworkingwithsomeonewhosefirstlanguageisnotyourmothertongue.Inthiscase,theymightnotunderstandyourpoint."例如，也許你現(xiàn)在和一個母語不是你母語的人一起工作。在這種情況下，他們可能不理解你的觀點；以及空后"Trysaying,‘Ok,IcanseeI'mnotmakingmyselfclear.HowcanIhelpusgetonthesamepage?'"試著說："好吧，我看得出來我說得不清楚。我怎樣才能幫助我們達成共識？"F.Insteadofgettingimpatient,trytotreatitasalearningexperience."不要急躁，試著把它當(dāng)作一種學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。"承上啟下，說明要認(rèn)同不同的文化中的差異，耐心地學(xué)習(xí)如何更好地達成一致，故選F。19．根據(jù)空前"It'spossiblethatyoumightthinkyou'reworkingwiththesamegoalsinmind,butthatyouhaveadifferentunderstandingoftheprocessoroutcomes."你可能會認(rèn)為你的工作目標(biāo)是一致的，但你對處理器的結(jié)果有不同的理解；以及空后"Lookingatanissuefromanotherperspectivecanhelpyoufindsolutionsthatyoumightnothaveconsidered."從另一個角度看待問題可以幫助你找到你可能沒有考慮過的解決方案。E.Oncesomeone第13頁explainstheirviewpoint,takesometimetoreflect"一旦有人解釋了他們的觀點，花點時間反思一下"承上啟下，說明要換位思考，照應(yīng)空前"Lookatissuesfromadifferentperspective."從不同的角度看待問題，符合語境，故選E。20．根據(jù)空后"Butifyouputyourselfintherightframeofmind,youwilllikelyfinditarewardingexperiencedespitesomechallenges."但如果你把自己放在正確的心態(tài)中，盡管有一些挑戰(zhàn)，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一次有益的經(jīng)歷。G.Ifyou'veneverworkedwithdifferentculturesbefore,itcanbedifficult."如果你以前從未接觸過不同的文化，這可能會很困難。"說明尤其是沒有在不同文化中工作更有苦難和挑戰(zhàn)，但是如果擺正心態(tài)，會是有益的經(jīng)歷，符合語境，故選G。【答案】21．C；22．B；23．A；24．C；25．D；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．C；32．B；33．B；34．D；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了6歲的Cecily在面對腦癌手術(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)時，展現(xiàn)出的非凡勇氣和樂觀精神，以及她如何利用自己的經(jīng)歷發(fā)起一項慈善事業(yè)，為其他生病的孩子捐贈"BlessingBabies"娃娃，為其他生病的孩子帶來安慰和支持?！军c評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：然而，她不能把她最喜歡的娃娃帶進磁力機，因為它們里面有金屬。A.gifts