四川省德陽市高中2025屆高三下學(xué)期第三次診斷考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省德陽市高中2025屆高三下學(xué)期第三次診斷考試英語試題第Ⅰ卷(選擇題共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.HowwillthewomanprobablygotoNewYork?A.Bycar. B.Bytrain. C.Bybus.【答案】B【原文】W:WhatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytogettoNewYork?M:Well,asithasbeenrainingheavilythesedays,takingabusordrivingyourowncarcanbedangerous.So,takingthetrainmaybeyourbestchoice.2.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Offeringadvice. B.Sellingclothes. C.Askingforhelp.【答案】A【原文】M:I’mnotsurewhethertowearthisshirtwithmyjeans.Whatdoyouthink?W:Ithinkyourwhiteshirtgoeswellwiththedarkbluejeans.ButnowI’mnotsureaboutthatgreensweateroveryourshirt.Howaboutwearingyourjacketinstead?3.Howistheweathernow?A.Stormy. B.Windy. C.Sunny.【答案】B【原文】M:Fancyagameoftabletennisifthesuncomesoutinalittlebit?W:I’mnotsureifthat’sagoodidea.Theballwillgetblownaboutallovertheplaceinthisweather!M:You’reright.Ithinkwemighthaveastormlater.4.Whenwastheshowduetostart?A.At8:00pm. B.At9:00pm. C.At11:00pm.【答案】A【原文】W:Lookatthetime—9:00pm.Theconcertwassupposedtobeginanhourago.M:Relax.Thesethingsneverstartontime.There’salwayssomedelaybeforeashowreallystarts.W:Butmylastbusisat11:00pm.ThatmeansI’llmisssomeoftheshow.5.Whatistheoccupationofthewoman?A.Areceptionist. B.Asaleswoman. C.Awaitress.【答案】A【原文】W:Goodevening,Mister.IsthereanythingIcanhelpyou?M:Yes,I’dliketomakeareservationforJune24.Isthereastandardroomavailable?W:Pleaseholdon.I’llcheckitforyou.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whydoesthemanfeeldiscouraged?A.Becausehehasputonsomeweight.B.Becausehedidn'tmakeittotheteam.C.Becausehecouldn'tresistthedishesandsnacks.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A.Joinafitnessprogram.B.Keephimselfhealthy.C.Stopeatingdishesandsnacks.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】M:Hi,Tiffany.W:Hi,Mark.Youlookverysadtoday.M:Youknow,Iscored15goalslastyear,butIwasstillnotselectedfortheteam.Itjustdoesn’tmakesense.W:Well,Ibelieveyou’veputonsomepoundsright?Sinceyourcomingbackafterthespringbreak,you'renottheplayeryouusedtobe.M:Yeah,IadmitIjustcouldn’tresistthedishesandsnacksmymummadeeveryday.W:Howaboutussettingupafitnessprogrammeforyoutoloseweight?M:OK.Howlongwillittake?W:Togetyoubackinshape,atleastamonth.M:Amonth?Icannotdoamonth!W:Ifyouwanttobebackintheteam,that’swhatyouneedtodo.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Fundsforanexperiment.B.Scientiststocooperatewith.C.Peopletotakepartinherstudy.9.Whereisthewomangoingthisafternoon?A.Toherhome. B.Tothelibrary. C.Totheprintshop.10.Whichisabetterwaytoattractcandidatesaccordingtotheman?A.Postinganadvertisementonline.B.Puttinguppostersonthestreet.C.Writingpaymentatthetopoftheposter.【答案】8.C9.B10.C【原文】M:Haveyoubeenabletofindanycandidatesforyoursleepexperiment?W:No.Iplacedanadonlinebutnoonehasrepliedyet.M:Imightsuggestpostingitonthenoticeboardinthelibrary.W:YouthinkI’llhavemoresuccess?M:Yes.Ifindthatwhenpeopleseeitonline,someofthembelieveit’sfalse.W:OK,I’llprintoffsomepostersatnoonandtakethemtherethisafternoon.M:Aretheygettingpaidaspartofthestudy?W:Yes,justasmallamount,$20foraweek.M:IfIwereyou,I’dputthatatthetopoftheposterratherthanatthebottom.Itwillcatchpeople’sattention.W:It’snotalotthough.M:Tosomepeopleitis.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandparent. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Motherandson.12.WhywasBillyprobablyabsentfromtheeyecheck?A.Hewenttobuyglassesalone.B.Hemadeuphomeworkathome.C.Hewasafraidoftheeyecheck.13.WhichgradeisBillyinnow?A.Thefourthgrade. B.Thefifthgrade. C.Thesixthgrade.【答案】11.A12.C13.A【原文】W:You’reBilly’sfather,aren’tyou?M:Yes.Iam.Hebroughtanotehomesayingyouwantedtoseeme.W:I’msorrytoaskyoutocomeintodaybutI’mworriedaboutBilly’sschool-work.M:Well,Iknowhesometimesdoesn’tlistentotheteacherandhedoesn’talwaysdohishomework.W:Well,Idon’tthinkthat’stheonlyproblem.He’sashyboyandhedoesn’talwayslistentotheteacher.AndIthinkheneedsglasses.M:Hejusthadhiseyescheckedhereatschool,didn’the?W:No,hewasabsentthatday.Maybehewasafraid.Anyhow,hehastodobetterworkorhe’llhavetostayinthefourthgradenextyearwhiletheotherswillgotothefifth.M:Thatwouldn’tbegood.Hisbrothersinthesixthandeighthhaveneverhadanytrouble.Wedon’twantBillytohaveanyeither.W:Icertainlyunderstand.LetmeshowyousomeofBilly’swork.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatwasthewoman’sfinaldestination?A.Zurich. B.Munich. C.Lisbon.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’splanetickets?A.Shebookedtoolate.B.Shebookedtooearly.C.Shebookedattherightmoment.16.Whodidthewomanspendtimewithattheendofhertrip?A.Herparents. B.Heroldrelatives. C.Herfriends.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【原文】M:Howwasyourtripbacktoyourhometown?W:Great,exceptfortheflights.OnthewaythereIstoppedinMunichandhadtowaitsixhoursformyflight.OnthewaybackIstoppedinZurichandwaitedfourhours.M:Thatdoesn’tmakesense.Itshouldn’ttakethatlongtogettoLisbonfromBeijing.W:You’reright,butthatisthecheapestflightIcouldget.Iboughttheseticketsthreemonthsago.M:That’stooearly!Mybrothersaysyoushouldalwaysbuyyourticket40to50daysbeforeyourflightleaves.W:Thatmightworknormally,butnotaroundourNationalDay.Ifyoubooktoolate,yourticketwillbemuchmoreexpensive.M:Sowhatdidyoudowhileyouwerethere?W:First,Ivisitedsomeofmyoldrelativesinthesmallvillages,andweexchangedgifts.ThenIspentseveraldaysinthecitywithmyfriends.ThelastfewdaysIreturnedhometostaywithmymomanddad.M:Soundslikefun.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Howmanykindsofitemscanapersonrememberatatime?A.5to7. B.4to6. C.3to4.18.Howlongdoestheworkingmemorylast?A.About15seconds. B.About20seconds. C.About25seconds.19.Whatbelongstomemoryaid?A.Movingitemsaway. B.Classifyingitems. C.Rememberingthingsonce.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Learningability. B.Humanmind. C.Amemorytheory.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.C【原文】Howmanythingscanyoukeepinyourmemoryatatime?Inthepast,somepeoplebelievedthattheaveragehumanmindcouldrememberabout5to7thingsatatime.However,accordingtotherecentstudies,scientistsdiscoverthatthehumanmindhasamemorylimitofabout3to4items.Thismeansthatwithoutdoinganymemorytricks,theaveragehumancanonlyremember3to4thingsatatime.Thesethingsmayincludenumbers,names,ortasks.Thisshort-termmemoryisalsocalledtheworkingmemory.Withoutsomeformofmemoryaid,these3to4thingswillonlyremaininaperson’smemoryforabouttwentyseconds.Afterthatperiodoftime,mostofthethingswillbeforgotten.Memoryaidsincluderepeatingsomethingoverandover,placingitemsintogroupsorphrases,orwritingthingsdown.Thisisarevisedtheoryaboutmemory.Ofcourse,scientistsbelievethatsomeindividualshaveastrongerworkingmemorythanothers.Astrongerworkingmemoryisoftenrelatedtoastrongerabilitytolearn.Theyarestronglearnersandproblemsolvers.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APre-CollegeProgramsforHighSchoolStudentsPre-collegeprogramsofferaglimpseintouniversitylife,fosteringacademicgrowth,researchskills,andpersonaldevelopment.LumiereResearchInclusionFoundation(LRIF)TheLumiereResearchInclusionFoundationstandsasanon-profitresearchprogramtailoredforgiftedstudentsfromlow-incomebackgroundsatzerocost.Applicationdeadline:April24Programdates:Varybasedonyearlycohort.Qualification:Studentsmustdemonstrateahighlevelofacademicachievement.Nopreviousknowledgeofyourfieldofinterestisrequired!MITResearchScienceInstitute(RSI)Fullyfunded,RSI,apremiersummerresearchinitiative,isagreatlydesiredopportunityfor100highschooljuniorstodelveintoSTEMresearch.Participantsgetthechancetopublishandpresenttheirfindingsinoralandwrittenreports.RSIalsoopensdoorsforstudentstointeractwithleadersinscienceandtechnology.Applicationdeadline:May5Programdates:6weeksQualification:Strongacademicrecordanddemonstratedpotentialinmathematicsandscience.TellurideAssociationSummerSeminar(TASS)Spanningvariousuniversitysettings,thesefreesix-weekprogramsaredesignedtoshapeyoungindividualsintocriticalthinkers,influentialleaders,andactivecontributors.Ifyouhaveapassionforexploringhistory,literature,politics,andartwithinthecontextofAfricandescent,thisprogramisworthexploring.Applicationdeadline:JanuaryProgramdates:6weeks,June23——August3Qualification:Focusedonprovidingthisopportunityforstudentsofcolorand/orofdisadvantagedbackgrounds!AppliedResearchInnovationsinScienceandEngineering(ARISE)Beyondthepracticallearningopportunities,theprogramdelvesintoessentialsubjectslikecollege-levelresearch,expositorywriting,scientificmethodologies,professionaldevelopment,andethics!Nofeeisrequired.Applicationdeadline:March1Programdates:10weeks,June3—August9Qualification:HighschoolstudentslivinginNewYorkCityingrades10and11atthetimeofapplication.21.IfyouareintoAfricanpoliticsandliterature,whichprogramareyoulikelytochoose?A.LRIF B.RSI C.TASS D.ARISE22.Whatdoalltheprogramshaveincommon?A.Theyalllastfor6weeks. B.Theyareallfreeofcharge.C.TheyareallfocusedonSTEMresearch. D.Theyallrequirehighacademicachievement.23.Whereareyoumostlikelytofindthispassage?A.Aneducationalplatform.B.Anacademicresearchjournal.C.Afashion-trendmagazine.D.Asportseventreportingwebsite.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)針對高中生的大學(xué)預(yù)科項(xiàng)目，包括每個(gè)項(xiàng)目的特點(diǎn)、申請截止日期、項(xiàng)目時(shí)間以及申請資格，旨在為讀者提供關(guān)于這些預(yù)科項(xiàng)目的全面信息?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TellurideAssociationSummerSeminar(TASS)部分中的“Ifyouhaveapassionforexploringhistory,literature,politics,andartwithinthecontextofAfricandescent,thisprogramisworthexploring.(如果你熱衷于在非洲裔的背景下探索歷史、文學(xué)、政治和藝術(shù)，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目值得一試。)”可知，如果你熱衷于在非洲裔的背景下探索歷史、文學(xué)、政治和藝術(shù)，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目值得一試，符合對非洲政治和文學(xué)感興趣的要求。故選C?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章LumiereResearchInclusionFoundation(LRIF)部分中的“TheLumiereResearchInclusionFoundationstandsasanon-profitresearchprogramtailoredforgiftedstudentsfromlow-incomebackgroundsatzerocost.(盧米埃爾研究融合基金會是一個(gè)專為來自低收入家庭的優(yōu)秀學(xué)生量身打造的非營利性研究項(xiàng)目，完全免費(fèi)。)”、MITResearchScienceInstitute(RSI)部分中的“Fullyfunded,RSI,apremiersummerresearchinitiative,isagreatlydesiredopportunityfor100highschooljuniorstodelveintoSTEMresearch.(研究科學(xué)研究所項(xiàng)目資金全免，是一項(xiàng)頂級的暑期研究活動(dòng)，對于100名高中三年級學(xué)生來說，這是深入鉆研STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）領(lǐng)域研究的絕佳機(jī)會。)”、TellurideAssociationSummerSeminar(TASS)部分中的“Spanningvariousuniversitysettings,thesefreesix-weekprogramsaredesignedtoshapeyoungindividualsintocriticalthinkers,influentialleaders,andactivecontributors.(這些免費(fèi)的六周項(xiàng)目在多所大學(xué)開展，旨在將年輕人培養(yǎng)成批判性思考者、有影響力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和積極的貢獻(xiàn)者。)”以及AppliedResearchInnovationsinScienceandEngineering(ARISE)部分中的“Nofeeisrequired.(無需繳納任何費(fèi)用。)”可知，可知，所有項(xiàng)目的共同點(diǎn)是都免費(fèi)。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了四個(gè)針對高中生的大學(xué)預(yù)科項(xiàng)目，包括每個(gè)項(xiàng)目的名稱、特點(diǎn)（如是否免費(fèi)、針對的學(xué)生群體、研究領(lǐng)域等）、申請截止日期、項(xiàng)目日期以及資格要求等，整體圍繞高中生的教育相關(guān)項(xiàng)目展開，結(jié)合常理可知，最有可能在教育平臺上找到這篇文章。故選A。BInanarrowalleynearBeijing’sDrumTower,72-year-oldWangShufentouchesatabletscreen,hertremblingfingersrevealinga3Dimageofherchildhoodhome——acourtyardhousetorndowninthe1990s,nowrevivedusingartificialintelligence.“Thepomegranate(石榴)tree...eventhecracksinthebricksarethesame,”shewhispers.Thisreunionispartofthe“HutongMemoryProject”,agroundbreakingcollaborationbetweenTsinghuaUniversityandtheBeijingMunicipalArchives.Launchedin2021,theprojectaddressesthelossofBeijing’straditionalalleywaycommunities.Over60%ofHutongshavedisappearedsince1949,withonly1,010remaining.Usingmachinelearning,researchersanalyzed50,000historicalphotos,800Ming-Qinglanddeeds,andoralhistoriesfromelderlyresidents.TheAIcross-referencesarchitecturalpatterns,weatherdata,andevenshadowsinoldphotostoreconstructvanishedneighborhoodswith94%accuracy.AnARappaddsdigitalreconstructionsontomodernsites.Pointyourphoneataconveniencestore,andittransformsintoa1930steashop,completewith3Dimagesofactorsrecreatinghistoricaldialogues.“Thisisn’tnostalgia—it’sactiveheritagepreservation,”saysDr.LiXiaoyu,theprojectleader.“TeenagersscanningQRcodesonHutongwallsaren'tjustseeinghistory;they'resteppingintoit.”However,traditionalistsarguethat“digitalHutongs”lessentheurgencyforphysicalconservation.HeritagearchitectZhangWeinotes,“Adigitalsystemcan’tmakethesamesmellasjasmineteasteaminginwintercourtyards.”Yet,supportershighlightbenefits:VRtourshavereducedtouristovercrowdingindelicateareasby37%,andblockchain-certifieddigitalHutongsareusedtotrainurbanplannersin12countries.By2025,theprojectaimstocreatea“TimeCapsuleLibrary,”preservingAImodelsof100endangeredculturalsitesnationwide,fromFujianTuloutoShanghaineseShikumen.AsWangShufen'sgrandsonpracticesMandarinwithapeddler(小販)inthe1930s,it'sclearthatinChina'sracetomodernize,technologyisbecomingmemory’sfiercestguardian.24.Whatisthemainpurposeofthe“HutongMemoryProject”?A.ToattractmoretouriststovisitBeijing’shutongs.B.Toreplacephysicalhutongswithdigitalreplicas.C.Totrainurbanplannersin12countriestouseblockchain.D.Topreservedisappearingtraditionalcommunitiesthroughtechnology.25.HowdoestheAIreconstructvanishedhutongs?A.ByusingQRcodesscannedonmodernbuildings.B.Byinterviewingelderlyresidentsfororalhistories.C.Byanalyzinginformationoftraditionalalleywaycommunities.D.Byteaching3Dactorstoperformhistoricaldialogues.26.WhydoesZhangWeicriticizethedigitalproject?A.Digitalmodelsfailtooffersensoryexperiences.B.Historicaldataturnsouttobehighlyunreliable.C.VRtourshaveprovedtobeextremelyexpensive.D.Digitalsystemsareunabletoreplacearchitects.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.The“TimeCapsuleLibrary”focusessolelyonBeijing’sHutongs.B.Technologyisplayingacrucialroleinpreservingculturalheritage.C.YoungpeoplearelosinginterestintraditionalChinesearchitecture.D.AImodelsaremoreeffectivethanphysicalpreservationmethods.【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了“胡同記憶項(xiàng)目”，該項(xiàng)目是清華大學(xué)與北京市檔案館之間的一項(xiàng)開創(chuàng)性合作，旨在通過人工智能技術(shù)重建已經(jīng)消失的北京胡同社區(qū)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Launchedin2021,theprojectaddressesthelossofBeijing’straditionalalleywaycommunities.Over60%ofHutongshavedisappearedsince1949,withonly1,010remaining.Usingmachinelearning,researchersanalyzed50,000historicalphotos,800Ming-Qinglanddeeds,andoralhistoriesfromelderlyresidents.TheAIcross-referencesarchitecturalpatterns,weatherdata,andevenshadowsinoldphotostoreconstructvanishedneighborhoodswith94%accuracy.(這個(gè)項(xiàng)目于2021年啟動(dòng)，旨在解決北京傳統(tǒng)胡同社區(qū)消失的問題。自1949年以來，超過60%的胡同已經(jīng)消失，如今僅剩下1010條。研究人員利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù)，分析了5萬張歷史照片、800份明清時(shí)期的地契，以及老年居民的口述歷史。人工智能會交叉參考建筑風(fēng)格、氣象數(shù)據(jù)，甚至是老照片中的陰影，以94%的準(zhǔn)確率重建那些已消失的街區(qū)。)”可知，“胡同記憶項(xiàng)目”于2021年啟動(dòng)，旨在解決北京傳統(tǒng)胡同社區(qū)消失的問題，利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)、人工智能等技術(shù)來重建消失的街區(qū)，也就是通過技術(shù)來保護(hù)正在消失的傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)。故選D?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Usingmachinelearning,researchersanalyzed50,000historicalphotos,800Ming-Qinglanddeeds,andoralhistoriesfromelderlyresidents.TheAIcross-referencesarchitecturalpatterns,weatherdata,andevenshadowsinoldphotostoreconstructvanishedneighborhoodswith94%accuracy.(研究人員利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù)，分析了5萬張歷史照片、800份明清時(shí)期的地契，以及老年居民的口述歷史。人工智能會交叉參考建筑風(fēng)格、氣象數(shù)據(jù)，甚至是老照片中的陰影，以94%的準(zhǔn)確率重建那些已消失的街區(qū)。)”可知，AI通過分析傳統(tǒng)胡同社區(qū)的相關(guān)信息，包括歷史照片、地契、口述歷史、建筑風(fēng)格、氣象數(shù)據(jù)等，來重建消失的胡同。故選C?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“HeritagearchitectZhangWeinotes,“Adigitalsystemcan’tmakethesamesmellasjasmineteasteaminginwintercourtyards.”(遺產(chǎn)建筑師張偉指出：“數(shù)字系統(tǒng)無法營造出冬日庭院里熱氣騰騰的茉莉花茶所散發(fā)的那種香氣?！?”可知，遺產(chǎn)建筑師張偉指出數(shù)字系統(tǒng)無法營造出冬日庭院里熱氣騰騰的茉莉花茶所散發(fā)的那種香氣。這表明數(shù)字系統(tǒng)不能提供像真實(shí)場景那樣的感官體驗(yàn)。故選A?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“By2025,theprojectaimstocreatea“TimeCapsuleLibrary,”preservingAImodelsof100endangeredculturalsitesnationwide,fromFujianTuloutoShanghaineseShikumen.AsWangShufen'sgrandsonpracticesMandarinwithapeddler(小販)inthe1930s,it'sclearthatinChina'sracetomodernize,technologyisbecomingmemory’sfiercestguardian.(到2025年，該項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)“時(shí)間膠囊圖書館”，保存全國100個(gè)瀕危文化遺址的人工智能模型，從福建土樓到上海石庫門。當(dāng)王淑芬的孫子與一個(gè)來自20世紀(jì)30年代的小販練習(xí)普通話時(shí)，很明顯，在中國的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中，科技正成為記憶最堅(jiān)定的守護(hù)者。)”可知，該項(xiàng)目利用技術(shù)創(chuàng)建“時(shí)間膠囊圖書館”來保存文化遺址，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)了在中國現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中，技術(shù)正成為記憶最堅(jiān)定的守護(hù)者，說明技術(shù)在保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)方面起著關(guān)鍵作用。故選B。CFornearlyacentury,migratoryflywayshavebeencentraltobirdconservation,helpingtoprotecthabitatsandmonitorspecies.However,migratoryfreshwaterfish,whichalsoundertakevastjourneys,havebeenlargelyoverlooked.Unlikebirds,fishmigrationsoccurunderwater,makingtheminvisibleandhardertostudy.Since1970,migratoryfreshwaterfishpopulationshavedeclinedbyover80%duetohabitatdestruction,overfishing,andpollution.Toaddressthis,researchersaremappingglobalswimways—migrationroutesforfreshwaterfish—toguideconservationefforts.“Fisharethemostaffectedmigratoryspeciesglobally,”saysTwanStoffers,afishecologist.Damsarethebiggestobstacle,blockingbreedingandfeedinghabitats.WhiledamconstructionhasslowedintheU.S.andEurope,ithassurgedinSoutheastAsia,particularlyintheMekongRiversystem,hometoover1,000fishspeciesandmillionsoflivelihoods.TheMekonggiantcatfish,forexample,facesextinctionduetodambarriers,thoughrecentconservationeffortsofferhope.Globally,onlyone-thirdofmajorriversremainfree-flowing,mostlyinremoteregionsliketheAmazon.InEurope,riversaresofragmentedthatidentifyinghistoricalswimwaysisnearlyimpossible.However,restorationefforts,suchasdamremovalsontheKlamathRiverintheU.S.,haveshownsuccess,allowingsalmontoreturntobreedingareasafteracentury.TheGlobalSwimwaysInitiative,launchedin2023,aimstomapmigrationroutesforall2,400migratoryfreshwaterfishspecies.Insteadofcostlytrackingmethods,researchersareanalyzingexistingdatafromsourceslikeFishBaseandtheIUCNRedList.“I’mshockedathowmanyspecieswestillknowlittleabout,”Stoffersnotes,highlightingtheneedforbettertrackingtechnology.Riversarecomplexsystems,connectingtofloodplainsandchangingseasonally.“Fishmovebetweenhabitatsunderspecificconditions,”saysZebHogan,afishbiologist.TheAmazonBasinillustratesthiscomplexity,withitsfloodedforestsandwetlandsservingascriticalhabitats.Manyriversspanmultiplecountries,requiringinternationalcooperationtoprotectmigrationroutes.Justasflywaystransformedbirdconservation,swimwayscouldtransformrivermanagement.“Mappingtheseunderwaterhighwaysisessentialforthesurvivaloffreshwaterfishandtheecosystemstheysupport,”Hoganemphasizes.Byaddressingfishmigrationwiththesameattentiongiventobirds,wecanbetterprotectthesevitalspeciesandthecommunitiesthatdependonthem.28.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlyfocuson?A.Thethreatofdamsinfishprotection.B.Theimpactofpollutiononfreshwater.C.Thesignificanceofbuildingmoredams.D.Theeffortsmadetorestoretheecosystem.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fragmented”inthe3rdparagraphprobablymean?A.polluted B.protected C.divided D.restored30.WhichofthefollowinghelpstheGlobalSwimwaysInitiativemapmigrationroutes?A.Satellitetrackingtechnology.B.Availableinformation.C.Complexityofmigrationroutes.D.TheAmazonBasin.31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Seasonalchangesgreatlybenefitfishmigration.B.Fishmigrationsareeasiertotrackthanbirdmigrations.C.Mappingswimwaysboostsriverconservationcooperation.D.TheAmazonBasin’ssuccessinspiresglobalfishconservation.【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述研究人員正在繪制全球洄游路線圖——淡水魚的遷徙路線——以指導(dǎo)魚類保護(hù)工作。【28題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Damsarethebiggestobstacle,blockingbreedingandfeedinghabitats.WhiledamconstructionhasslowedintheU.S.andEurope,ithassurgedinSoutheastAsia,particularlyintheMekongRiversystem,hometoover1,000fishspeciesandmillionsoflivelihoods.TheMekonggiantcatfish,forexample,facesextinctionduetodambarriers,thoughrecentconservationeffortsofferhope.(大壩是最大的障礙，阻礙了繁殖和覓食的棲息地。雖然美國和歐洲的大壩建設(shè)已經(jīng)放緩，但東南亞的大壩建設(shè)卻在激增，尤其是在湄公河流域，這里有1000多種魚類和數(shù)百萬人的生計(jì)。例如，湄公河巨型鯰魚由于大壩的屏障而面臨滅絕，盡管最近的保護(hù)工作帶來了希望)”可知，第二段主要是關(guān)于大壩對魚類保護(hù)的威脅，故選A?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后“thatidentifyinghistoricalswimwaysisnearlyimpossible(以至于幾乎不可能確定歷史上的泳道)”可知，此處指河道很分散，幾乎不可能確定歷史上的泳道，fragmented意為“分散的”，故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“TheGlobalSwimwaysInitiative,launchedin2023,aimstomapmigrationroutesforall2,400migratoryfreshwaterfishspecies.Insteadofcostlytrackingmethods,researchersareanalyzingexistingdatafromsourceslikeFishBaseandtheIUCNRedList.(‘全球洄游路線計(jì)劃’于2023年啟動(dòng)，旨在繪制所有2400種洄游淡水魚的遷徙路線。研究人員沒有使用昂貴的追蹤方法，而是分析來自FishBase和IUCN紅色名錄等來源的現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù))”可知，“全球洄游路線計(jì)劃”使用來自FishBase和IUCN紅色名錄等來源的現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)繪制洄游路線，故可接觸到的信息對繪制洄游路線有幫助，故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Manyriversspanmultiplecountries,requiringinternationalcooperationtoprotectmigrationroutes.(許多河流跨越多個(gè)國家，需要國際合作來保護(hù)移民路線)”和最后一段中“Mappingtheseunderwaterhighwaysisessentialforthesurvivaloffreshwaterfishandtheecosystemstheysupport(繪制這些水下高速公路對淡水魚和它們所支持的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生存至關(guān)重要)”可知，繪制洄游路線圖促進(jìn)河流保護(hù)合作，故選C。DChina’staxauthoritieshaverecoverednearly900millionyuan($124million)inunpaidtaxesfrom169onlineinfluencerssince2024,highlightingintensifiedeffortstocombattaxevasion(非法逃避納稅)inhigh-risksectors.TheStateTaxationAdministration(STA)emphasizedthatcrackingdownontaxevasionprotectslaw-abidingtaxpayers,particularlyamidrapidgrowthinthecountry’slivestreamingindustry.Taxevasionmethodsincludeconcealingcommission(傭金)earnings,makingfalsedeclarationsandusingshellcompanies.In2023,China’slivestreamingsectorgenerated209.5billionyuaninincome,up5.15%year-on-year,whilethebroaderonlineaudiovisualindustryreachedamarketsizeof1.22trillionyuanby2024.However,high-profiletaxscandals,suchasthe2021caseinvolvingtopinfluencerViya(HuangWei),whoevaded640millionyuanintaxes,havedrawnpublicattention.Viyawasfined1.34billionyuanandbannedfromlivestreaming.By2025,Chinahadover38millionprofessionallivestreamersand800millionusers.Streamersearnincomethroughproductplacements,commissions,virtualgifts,andsalaries.UnderChina’staxlaws,personalincomeexceeding960,000yuanannuallyistaxedat45%,whilesoletradersfacealowermaximumrateof35%.Since2024,authoritieshaveexposedatleast10livestreamersfortaxevasion.Forexample,YuChuan,aninfluencer,underreportedincomebyusingshellcompaniesandfavorabletaxschemes.Shewasorderedtorepay7.58millionyuanintaxes,fees,andfines.Usingshellcompaniesisacommonpracticetoreclassifypersonalincomeasbusinessrevenue.Expertsnotechallengesinregulatinginfluencers’complexfinancialstructures,assomepartnerwithplatformsandintermediariestohideincome.SouthwesternUniversityofFinanceandEconomicsprofessorHaoXiaoweicitedincompletetaxinformation-sharinglaws,limitingreal-timedataaccessfromplatforms.Toaddressflaws,regulatorsintroducedstricterrulesin2022,requiringplatformstoreportstreamers’earningseverysixmonths.Aspartofthisyear’staxawarenesscampaign,authoritiesplantrainingsessionsforlivestreamers,thoughdetailsremainunclear.TheseeffortsreflectChina’sbroaderpushtoensureequitabletaxationandcloseregulatorygapsintheboomingdigitaleconomy.32.Whatisacommontaxevasionmethodmentionedinthetext?A.Maskingprofits. B.Payingtaxesontime.C.Usinglegaltaxdeductions. D.Declaringincometruthfully.33.HowdoesChina’staxrateforsoletradersdifferfrompersonalincometax?A.Theysharethesametaxrates.B.Thesoletraderstaxrateishigher.C.Thepersonalincometaxrateisflat.D.Thepersonalincometaxrateishigher.34.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheuseofshellcompaniesbylivestreamers?A.Theyaimtoincreaseopennessinfinancialreporting.B.Theyhelpavoidhigherpersonalincometaxrates.C.Theyareencouragedbytaxauthoritiestosimplifytax.D.Theyareanewtrendunrelatedtotaxevasion.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.“HowOnlineInfluencersAvoidPayingTaxes”B.“TheEconomicImpactofTaxEvasioninChina”C.“TheRiseofChina’sLivestreamingIndustry”D.“TightensTaxRulesforOnlineInfluencers”【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了中國稅務(wù)部門自2024年以來從169名網(wǎng)絡(luò)主播那里追回了近9億元人民幣的未繳稅款，強(qiáng)調(diào)了政府在打擊高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)行業(yè)逃稅行為方面的努力?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Taxevasionmethodsincludeconcealingcommission(傭金)earnings,makingfalsedeclarationsandusingshellcompanies.(偷稅漏稅的手段包括隱瞞傭金收入、進(jìn)行虛假申報(bào)以及利用空殼公司。)”可知，偷稅漏稅的方法包括隱瞞傭金收入、進(jìn)行虛假申報(bào)以及利用空殼公司。故選A?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“UnderChina’staxlaws,personalincomeexceeding960,000yuanannuallyistaxedat45%,whilesoletradersfacealowermaximumrateof35%.(根據(jù)中國的稅法規(guī)定，個(gè)人年收入超過96萬元人民幣的部分，稅率為45%，而個(gè)體工商戶面臨的最高稅率則相對較低，為35%。)”可知，根據(jù)中國稅法，個(gè)人年收入超過96萬元人民幣的稅率為45%，而個(gè)體工商戶面臨的最高稅率為35%，較低。由此推知，個(gè)人所得稅稅率更高。故選D?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Forexample,YuChuan,aninfluencer,underreportedincomebyusingshellcompaniesandfavorabletaxschemes.Shewasorderedtorepay7.58millionyuanintaxes,fees,andfines.Usingshellcompaniesisacommonpracticetoreclassifypersonalincomeasbusinessrevenue.(例如，主播余川通過利用空殼公司和優(yōu)惠稅收政策少報(bào)收入。她被責(zé)令補(bǔ)繳稅款、費(fèi)用及罰款共計(jì)758萬元人民幣。利用空殼公司是一種常見的手段，目的是將個(gè)人收入重新歸類為企業(yè)收入。)”可知，主播余川通過利用空殼公司和優(yōu)惠稅收政策少報(bào)收入，利用空殼公司是將個(gè)人收入重新歸類為企業(yè)收入的常見做法。因此，利用空殼公司可以幫助主播避免更高的個(gè)人所得稅稅率。故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章開篇指出中國稅務(wù)機(jī)關(guān)自2024年以來從網(wǎng)絡(luò)主播處追繳大量欠稅，強(qiáng)調(diào)打