河北省承德市2025屆高三下學(xué)期4月二模英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省承德市2025屆高三下學(xué)期4月二模英語試卷第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACouchsurfing(沙發(fā)客)isaservicethatconnectsmemberstoaglobalcommunityoftravelers.Usecouchsurfingtofindaplacetostayorshareyourhomeandhometownwithtravelers.Thefollowingishowitworks.CreateaprofileCompletelyfilloutyourcouchsurfingprofile!Thiswillbeyourhomebaseandisareflectionofyou;yourlifestyleandwhat'simportanttoyou.Hereyoucantellpeopleifyou’retravelingorwouldliketohost.Besuretoincludephotos.Don'thaveaprofileyet?PleaseclickSignUpNow.ExploreyourcityGettingintouchwithexperiencedcouchsurfersinyourareaisthebestwaytogetafeelforhowcouchsurfingworks.Justheadtoyourcity’sPlacePageandlookattheweeklyeventshappeningnearyou.ClickJoin,showupandyou'reonyourway!SurftheworldIfyou’rereadyforanadventure,searchforthecityyouplantovisitandlookforlocalswithcouchesavailable.Lookthroughprofilestofindpeopleyoumightwanttostaywith.Whenyoufindafewinterestingpotentialhosts,carefullyreviewtheirprofilesandsendacouchrequestforthedatesyou’llbethere.Weusuallyrecommendsendingaboutfivecouchrequests.ListyourcouchOnceyou’veexploredthesiteandhavebeentoaneventortwo,considermakingyourcouch,spareroomorairmattressavailabletotravelers.Setyourcouchstatus(狀態(tài))underCouchInformation.Youcansetitto"NotRightNow"ifyouwanttobeavailableasacityresourcefortravelersbutareunabletohost.Youcansetitto"No"ifyou’renotavailableordon'thaveanyextraspace,or"Maybe/Yes"toshowupinsearchresultsfortravelerswhoareplanningatriptoyourarea.21.Whatshouldyoudowithyourprofile?A.Postitonline. B.Submitittoyourhosts.C.Carryittoweeklyevents. D.Keepitathome.22.Whatisthepurposeofthestep"Exploreyourcity"?A.Tofindpotentialcouchproviders.B.Toknowmoreaboutone'sowncity.C.Tocommunicatewithothercouchsurfers.D.Tojoinatourgrouptothesamedestination.23.Whatdoessettingyourcouchstatusto"Maybe/Yes"mean?A.Youareplanningtotakeatrip.B.Yourcouchrequestisconfirmed.C.Youhaveacceptedaguesttraveler.D.Yourprofilecanappearinsearchresults.【答案】21.A22.C23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了沙發(fā)客這一服務(wù)，它連接會員與全球旅行者社區(qū)，并詳細(xì)說明了如何使用該服務(wù)來尋找住宿或分享自己的家和家鄉(xiāng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Createaprofile部分中的“Completelyfilloutyourcouchsurfingprofile!Thiswillbeyourhomebaseandisareflectionofyou;yourlifestyleandwhat'simportanttoyou.Hereyoucantellpeopleifyou'retravelingorwouldliketohost.Besuretoincludephotos.(完整填寫你的沙發(fā)客資料！這將是你在平臺上的“家”，是你、你的生活方式以及對你來說重要的東西的反映。在這里你可以告訴人們你是在旅行還是想當(dāng)東道主。一定要附上照片。)”可知，需要完整填寫資料，并且是你在平臺上的“家”，反映你的生活方式和重要信息。因此，個人資料應(yīng)該是在線上發(fā)布的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Exploreyourcity部分中的“Gettingintouchwithexperiencedcouchsurfersinyourareaisthebestwaytogetafeelforhowcouchsurfingworks.Justheadtoyourcity'sPlacePageandlookattheweeklyeventshappeningnearyou.ClickJoin,showupandyou'reonyourway!(與你所在地區(qū)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的沙發(fā)客聯(lián)系是了解沙發(fā)客運(yùn)作方式的最佳方式。只需前往你所在城市的地點(diǎn)頁面，查看你附近每周發(fā)生的事件。點(diǎn)擊加入，出現(xiàn)，你就上路了！)”可知，探索所在城市的目的是與當(dāng)?shù)氐纳嘲l(fā)客交流，了解沙發(fā)客的運(yùn)作方式。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Listyourcouch部分中的“Youcansetitto"No"ifyou’renotavailableordon'thaveanyextraspace,or"Maybe/Yes"toshowupinsearchresultsfortravelerswhoareplanningatriptoyourarea.(如果您不在或沒有多余空間，可以將其設(shè)置為“否”，或者設(shè)置為“可能/是”，以便出現(xiàn)在計(jì)劃前往你所在地區(qū)旅行的旅行者的搜索結(jié)果中。)”可知，將沙發(fā)狀態(tài)設(shè)置為“可能/是”意味著你的資料可以出現(xiàn)在搜索結(jié)果中。故選D項(xiàng)。BIwasrecentlyinvitedtoheadupnorthforapreviewofDundregganRewildingCenter,whichwillfullyopentothepublicsoon.Thosewhomakeitalongfortheopeningweekendwillbeabletoenjoyfreeevents,includingguidedwalks,toursofthetreenursery,storytellingsessions,plentyoffunforkids,andactivitiesledbynaturalistNickBakerandexpertintracksandsigns,DanPuplett.Welookedaroundthenewarchitect-designedcenter.Thebuildinghasanumberofsustainablefeatures,includingsolarpanelsandreclaimedwoodfurnitureinthecaféarea.Thisisoneoftwonewbuildings,theotherofwhichissaidtoofferaccessibleaccommodationforthosewhowishtocomeforalongerrewildingexperience.Enteringthebuilding,thefirstthingthatwesawwasasculpture—theworkoflocalartistHelenDenerley.Thesculpturedepictsatreewithmanynativeanimalswithinit,madefromreclaimedmetal.Fromhere,wesawtheotherareas—classrooms,eventspaces,thecaféandlivelyinformationpanelsthroughout,givinginformationaboutrewilding,theinterconnectednessofforestecosystems,localwildlife,andmore.Asourguidesorightlypointedout,thebuildingisjustthejumping-offpoint—theplacefromwhichpeoplecanbranchouttodiscoversomuchmoreonaseriesofaccessibletrailsandmoreadventuroushikesinthesurroundinglandscape.Onekeyfocusforthisprojectisdefinitelycommunity,aswellasrewilding.ItcelebrateslocalGaelicheritageandhistoryaswellaswildlife,woodlands,andnaturalwonders.Speakingbrieflywithtwofriendlyandwelcomingemployeesworkinginthecaféwhowereamongthe20localswhohavenewjobsthankstotheproject,theirenthusiasmforthenewcenterandexcitementtobeinvolvedingettingitoffthegroundshonethrough.24.WhatdidtheauthordoatDundreggan?A.Shetouredanewbuilding. B.Sheheldstorytellingsessions.C.Shejoinedanaturalist-ledactivity. D.Sheattendedanopeningcelebration.25.Whatfeaturedoestherewildingcenterhighlight?A.Wildnessandadventure. B.Efficiencyandattractiveness.C.Accessibilityandsimplicity. D.Sustainabilityandinstructiveness.26.Whatconclusioncanwedrawabouttheguide?A.Hebelievedtheprojectcouldinspiremoreactions.B.Hewasenthusiasticaboutprotectingnativeanimals.C.Headvocatedmoreinformeddecisionsaboutrewilding.D.Heshowedconcernoverdevelopingthesurroundinglandscapes.27.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theprospectoftheproject. B.Thesignificanceoftheproject.C.Therecentachievementsoftheproject. D.Theoperationalprincipleoftheproject.【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，作者講述了自己受邀去參觀鄧德雷根再野化中心（DundregganRewildingCenter）的經(jīng)歷，介紹了中心建筑的特點(diǎn)、功能以及該項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)等信息?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Welookedaroundthenewarchitect-designedcenter.(我們環(huán)顧了一下新建筑師設(shè)計(jì)的中心。)”可知，作者在鄧德雷根參觀了一座新的由建筑師設(shè)計(jì)的建筑，故選A。【25題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thebuildinghasanumberofsustainablefeatures,includingsolarpanelsandreclaimedwoodfurnitureinthecaféarea.(這座建筑有許多可持續(xù)發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)，包括太陽能板和咖啡廳區(qū)域的再生木材家具。)”可知，該建筑有許多可持續(xù)發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)，體現(xiàn)了可持續(xù)性；再根據(jù)第三段“Fromhere,wesawtheotherareas—classrooms,eventspaces,thecaféandlivelyinformationpanelsthroughout,givinginformationaboutrewilding,theinterconnectednessofforestecosystems,localwildlife,andmore.(從這里，我們看到了其他區(qū)域——教室、活動空間、咖啡廳以及各處生動的信息展示板，提供了有關(guān)再野化、森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的相互關(guān)聯(lián)性、當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦游锏确矫娴男畔ⅰ?”可知，這里有很多區(qū)域和信息面板，能提供關(guān)于再野化、森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的相互聯(lián)系、當(dāng)?shù)匾吧鷦游锏刃畔?，具有教育指?dǎo)意義，故選D?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Asourguidesorightlypointedout,thebuildingisjustthejumping-offpoint—theplacefromwhichpeoplecanbranchouttodiscoversomuchmoreonaseriesofaccessibletrailsandmoreadventuroushikesinthesurroundinglandscape.(正如我們的導(dǎo)游正確指出的那樣，這座建筑只是一個起點(diǎn)——人們可以從這個地方出發(fā)，在一系列可到達(dá)的小徑以及周邊更具冒險(xiǎn)性的徒步旅行中發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的東西。)”可知，導(dǎo)游指出這個建筑只是一個起點(diǎn)，人們可以從這里出發(fā)，在一系列可到達(dá)的小徑和周邊更具冒險(xiǎn)性的徒步旅行中發(fā)現(xiàn)更多。由此可推斷，導(dǎo)游認(rèn)為這個項(xiàng)目可以激發(fā)人們更多的行動，去探索周邊，故選A?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Onekeyfocusforthisprojectisdefinitelycommunity,aswellasrewilding.(這個項(xiàng)目的一個關(guān)鍵重點(diǎn)無疑是社區(qū)，以及再野化。)”以及“ItcelebrateslocalGaelicheritageandhistoryaswellaswildlife,woodlands,andnaturalwonders.Speakingbrieflywithtwofriendlyandwelcomingemployeesworkinginthecaféwhowereamongthe20localswhohavenewjobsthankstotheproject,theirenthusiasmforthenewcenterandexcitementtobeinvolvedingettingitoffthegroundshonethrough.(它不僅慶祝了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳w爾遺產(chǎn)、歷史，還有野生動植物、森林以及自然奇觀。在咖啡館里，我簡短地與兩位友善且熱情的員工交談，他們是因這個項(xiàng)目而獲得新工作的20位當(dāng)?shù)厝酥械膬晌?。他們對這個新中心的熱忱以及參與其啟動過程的興奮之情溢于言表。)”可知本段描述了該項(xiàng)目慶祝當(dāng)?shù)厣w爾文化遺產(chǎn)和歷史，還為當(dāng)?shù)?0人提供了新工作，員工們對新中心充滿熱情等內(nèi)容，可推理出該段主要講了這個項(xiàng)目的意義，包括對社區(qū)的影響以及對文化、就業(yè)等方面的積極作用，故選B。CIftheotherpaintingsintheroomthathousesMonaLisaattheLouvreMuseuminPariscouldtalk,theymightbewhispering“Goodriddance(解脫)!”tooneanotherrightnow.That’sowingtotheFrenchgovernment’sannouncementthattheworld’smostfamouspaintingistoberemovedfromtheSalledesEtatsandrehousedinitsownspaceintheLouvrewithadedicatedentrance.Thisparticularspace,accessibleindependentlyfromtherestofthemuseum,willallowMonaLisa’sconditionsofexhibition,presentationandinterpretationitdeserves.ThemovethataimstorelievetheLouvre’sovercrowdingproblemisn’tjustgreatforMonaLisa.ItcouldalsoallowthedozensofotherartworksintheSalledesEtatsbythelikesofTitian,TintorettoandVeronesetofinallyreceivetheirdue.“Peoplehavejustbeencomingtochecktheir“IpaidavisittoMonaLisa’sbox””,saidSouleymane,aprofessorofFrenchandphilosophyatColumbiaUniversitywhowasappointedbythemuseumin2024togiveaseriesoflecturesaboutitsartcollection.“Andevenifyougotothatroomwiththeintentionoflookingattheotherpaintings,youwouldbedistracted(分散注意力)byMonaLisa.”TheothermajorpaintingsinthespaceincludeTitian’sPastoralConcert,Tintoretto’sTheCoronationoftheVirgin,andVeronese’sTheWeddingFeastatCana,whichisahugepaintingthatpeopledon’tlookatbecauseit’sonthewallthatfacesMonaLisa.“TheWeddingFeastatCanaisoneofthetreasuresoftheLouvre,”saidCompagnon,aprofessorattheCollegedeFranceandatColumbiaUniversity.Compagnonisalsoexcitedforvisitorstobeabletopayattentiontohisfavoritepaintingintheroom,Titian’sManwithaGlove.28.WhyisMonaLisabeingmovedtoanewspaceintheLouvre?A.Tomakeroomforanexhibition.B.Tomakeitconvenientforexpertstostudyit.C.Toimproveitsexhibitionconditionsandreduceovercrowding.D.Tohighlightitsimportanceastheworld'smostfamousartwork.29.WhatisSouleymane’sattitudetowardsthegovernment’sannouncement?A.Doubtful. B.Approving. C.Cooperative. D.Dismissive.30.WhichofthefollowingpaintingsisexhibitedoppositetoMonaLisa?A.PastoralConcert. B.TheCoronationoftheVirgin.C.TheWeddingFeastatCana. D.ManwithaGlove.31.WhatdoesCompagnonimplyaboutMonaLisa?A.Itdeservesbetterprotection. B.Itfailstoliveuptoitsfame.C.Itshouldbepromotedthroughlectures. D.Ittakesvisitors'attentionawayfromotherexhibits.【答案】28.C29.B30.C31.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了法國政府宣布將世界著名畫作《蒙娜麗莎》從盧浮宮的大畫廊（SalledesEtats）移至盧浮宮內(nèi)的一個獨(dú)立空間，并為其設(shè)置專用入口，這一舉措不僅能改善《蒙娜麗莎》的展覽條件，還能緩解盧浮宮的擁擠問題，讓其他藝術(shù)品也能得到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisparticularspace,accessibleindependentlyfromtherestofthemuseum,willallowMonaLisa’sconditionsofexhibition,presentationandinterpretationitdeserves(這個特殊的空間可以獨(dú)立于博物館的其他部分進(jìn)入，這將為《蒙娜麗莎》提供它應(yīng)得的展覽、展示和闡釋條件)”以及“ThemovethataimstorelievetheLouvre’sovercrowdingproblemisn’tjustgreatforMonaLisa(這一旨在緩解盧浮宮過度擁擠問題的舉措不僅對《蒙娜麗莎》來說是好事)”可知，將《蒙娜麗莎》移到新空間是為了改善它的展覽條件，并緩解盧浮宮的擁擠狀況。故選C?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““Peoplehavejustbeencomingtochecktheir“IpaidavisittoMonaLisa’sbox””,saidSouleymane,aprofessorofFrenchandphilosophyatColumbiaUniversitywhowasappointedbythemuseumin2024togiveaseriesoflecturesaboutitsartcollection.“Andevenifyougotothatroomwiththeintentionoflookingattheotherpaintings,youwouldbedistracted(分散注意力)byMonaLisa.”(“人們只是來確認(rèn)他們‘我參觀了《蒙娜麗莎》所在的展室’，”哥倫比亞大學(xué)的法語和哲學(xué)教授蘇萊曼（Souleymane）說，他在2024年被博物館任命為其藝術(shù)藏品做一系列講座?！岸壹词鼓闳ツ莻€房間是為了看其他畫作，你也會被《蒙娜麗莎》分散注意力)”可知，蘇萊曼認(rèn)為之前人們因?yàn)椤睹赡塞惿范雎粤似渌嬜?，而將《蒙娜麗莎》移走能讓其他畫作得到關(guān)注，可推理出他對政府的這一宣布是持贊同態(tài)度的。故選B。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheothermajorpaintingsinthespaceincludeTitian’sPastoralConcert,Tintoretto’sTheCoronationoftheVirgin,andVeronese’sTheWeddingFeastatCana,whichisahugepaintingthatpeopledon’tlookatbecauseit’sonthewallthatfacesMonaLisa.(這個空間里的其他主要畫作包括提香的《田園音樂會》、丁托列托的《圣母加冕》和委羅內(nèi)塞的《迦拿的婚禮》，這是一幅巨大的畫作，人們不去看它，因?yàn)樗谡龑χ睹赡塞惿返膲ι?”可知，與《蒙娜麗莎》相對展出的畫作是《迦拿的婚禮》。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““TheWeddingFeastatCanaisoneofthetreasuresoftheLouvre,”saidCompagnon,aprofessorattheCollegedeFranceandatColumbiaUniversity.Compagnonisalsoexcitedforvisitorstobeabletopayattentiontohisfavoritepaintingintheroom,Titian’sManwithaGlove.(“《迦拿的婚禮》是盧浮宮的珍寶之一，”法蘭西學(xué)院和哥倫比亞大學(xué)的教授康帕尼翁（Compagnon）說?？蹬聊嵛桃埠芨吲d游客們能夠關(guān)注房間里他最喜歡的畫作，提香的《戴手套的男人》)”可知，康帕尼翁暗示了《蒙娜麗莎》吸引了游客太多的注意力，使得其他展品得不到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注。故選D。DWhenPhilipSontagfirstvisitedAntarcticaasaPh.D.student,hecollectedabagofpenguin(企鵝)feathers.Adecadelater,Sontagandhisteamhavediscoveredhowtousethesefeatherstomapmercury(汞)pollutionintheSouthernHemisphere,agrowingthreattowildlife.Mercury,apoisonousby-productofgoldmining,becomesmoreandmoreinthefoodchainandaffectsanimals’nervoussystems.Whilesamplingrocksorsoilformercuryprovideslimitedinsight,trackingitspresenceinthefoodwebiscrucialforecosystemmonitoring.Penguinshaveawaytodisposeofmercurythroughtheirfeathers,whichtheymolt(換羽)regularly.Sontag,nowapolarresearcheratRutgersUniversity,andhisteamanalyzedthesemoltedfeatherstodeterminewherepenguinswereexposedtomercury.Theyfoundaclearrelationshipbetweenmercurylevelsandcarbon-13,whichvariesgeographicallyandactsasamarkerforwherepenguinsfeedorbreed(繁殖).Thestudyconfirmedthispattern.acrosssevenpenguinspeciesintheSouthernOcean,revealinghighermercuryexposureinnorthern,warmerregionswithhighercarbon-13levels.Thefindingssuggestthatpenguinscouldserveasbioindicators,livingtrackersofenvironmentalpollutants.Bymeasuringmercuryinfeathers,scientistscantrackthemetal’smovementthroughtheoceanicfoodwebovertime,ratherthanjustatasinglemoment.Forexample,penguinspecieslivingneareachothershoweddifferentmercuryandcarbon-13levelsduetovaryingmigrationandfeedingpatterns.Thesedatacouldbemodeledintoamap-likedatabasetoaidconservationandpolarresearch.MarinescientistMíriamGimenoCastellsnotesthatpenguinsaremid-levelpredators(捕食性動物),andundergodramaticmolts,makingiteasytocollectfeathersfrommanyindividuals.Themoltedfeatherscontainmercurythatgetsintotheirbodyduringthenonbreedingseason.Sontagplanstocollectnewerfeathersfromdifferentspeciesandcomparemercurylevelsinpenguins’bloodandtheirfoodwiththoseintheirfeathers.Asforthepenguins’health,seniorauthorJohnReinfeldermakesitclearthattheyhavenotyetbeenexposedtopoisonousmercurylevels.“Thepenguinswillbeokay,”hesays.32.HowdidSontagusethepenguinfeathershecollected?A.Hekeptthemasareminderofhistrip.B.Hestudiedthecontentofachemicalinthem.C.Heobservedtheirchangesindifferentenvironments.D.Heclassifiedthemtoidentifydifferentspeciesofpenguins.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“disposeof”inparagraph3mean?A.Recognize. B.Consume. C.Remove. D.Combine.34.Whatdoweknowaboutpenguinsfromthetext?A.Theyareidealbioindicators.B.Theyaresensitivetocarbon-13.C.Theyaretop-levelpredatorsinthefoodchain.D.Theyarefreefromtheeffectsofhumanactivities.35.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheLifeCycleofPenguinsinAntarcticaB.GoldMiningandItsEffectsonPenguinsC.TheImpactofClimateChangeonPenguinPopulationsD.PenguinsHelpMapAntarctica’sGrowingMercuryThreat【答案】32.B33.C34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了菲利普?桑塔格（PhilipSontag）及其團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)可以利用企鵝的羽毛來繪制南半球汞污染地圖，揭示了企鵝羽毛在監(jiān)測汞污染方面的重要作用，企鵝有望成為環(huán)境污染物的生物指示器?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Sontag,nowapolarresearcheratRutgersUniversity,andhisteamanalyzedthesemoltedfeatherstodeterminewherepenguinswereexposedtomercury.Theyfoundaclearrelationshipbetweenmercurylevelsandcarbon-13,whichvariesgeographicallyandactsasamarkerforwherepenguinsfeedorbreed(繁殖).(桑塔格現(xiàn)在是羅格斯大學(xué)的一名極地研究員，他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)分析了這些換下來的羽毛，以確定企鵝在哪里接觸到了汞。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)汞含量和碳13之間存在明顯的關(guān)系，碳13在不同地理位置有所不同，并且可以作為企鵝覓食或繁殖地點(diǎn)的一個標(biāo)志)”可知，桑塔格通過分析企鵝羽毛中汞含量和碳13的情況，也就是研究羽毛中化學(xué)物質(zhì)的含量，來了解相關(guān)信息。故選B?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Penguinshaveawayto…mercurythroughtheirfeathers,whichtheymolt(換羽)regularly(企鵝有一種通過它們定期更換的羽毛來……汞的方式)”以及第四段“Bymeasuringmercuryinfeathers,scientistscantrackthemetal’smovementthroughtheoceanicfoodwebovertime(通過測量羽毛中的汞含量，科學(xué)家們可以隨著時間的推移追蹤這種金屬在海洋食物網(wǎng)中的移動情況)”可知，企鵝羽毛中會含有汞，企鵝通過換羽，也就是它們把體內(nèi)的汞通過羽毛排出了?？赏评沓觥癲isposeof”的意思是“去除，排出”，故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thefindingssuggestthatpenguinscouldserveasbioindicators,livingtrackersofenvironmentalpollutants.(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，企鵝可以作為生物指示器，即環(huán)境污染物的活體追蹤器)”以及第五段“MarinescientistMíriamGimenoCastellsnotesthatpenguinsaremid-levelpredators(捕食性動物),andundergodramaticmolts,makingiteasytocollectfeathersfrommanyindividuals.(海洋科學(xué)家米里亞姆?希梅諾?卡斯特爾斯指出，企鵝是中層捕食性動物，并且會經(jīng)歷明顯的換羽過程，這使得從許多企鵝個體身上收集羽毛變得很容易)”可知，企鵝作為中層捕食性動物，換羽使得人們收集羽毛很容易，且企鵝羽毛能反映環(huán)境污染物情況，所以它們是理想的生物指示器。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenPhilipSontagfirstvisitedAntarcticaasaPh.D.student,hecollectedabagofpenguin(企鵝)feathers.Adecadelater,Sontagandhisteamhavediscoveredhowtousethesefeatherstomapmercury(汞)pollutionintheSouthernHemisphere,agrowingthreattowildlife.(當(dāng)菲利普·桑塔格（PhilipSontag）第一次以博士生的身份訪問南極洲時，他收集了一袋企鵝羽毛。十年后，桑塔格和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何利用這些羽毛來繪制南半球的汞污染圖，這對野生動物構(gòu)成了日益增長的威脅)”、第四段“Bymeasuringmercuryinfeathers,scientistscantrackthemetal’smovementthroughtheoceanicfoodwebovertime(通過測量羽毛中的汞含量，科學(xué)家們可以隨著時間的推移追蹤這種金屬在海洋食物網(wǎng)中的移動情況)”以及最后一段“Sontagplanstocollectnewerfeathersfromdifferentspeciesandcomparemercurylevelsinpenguins’bloodandtheirfoodwiththoseintheirfeathers.(桑塔格計(jì)劃從不同物種收集更新的羽毛，并比較企鵝血液、它們的食物以及羽毛中的汞含量水平)”可知，文章開篇講述菲利普?桑塔格首次訪問南極洲時收集了企鵝羽毛，接著闡述了他和團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)可以利用這些羽毛繪制南半球汞污染地圖，以及企鵝作為生物指示器在監(jiān)測汞污染方面的作用等內(nèi)容，文章核心圍繞“企鵝羽毛幫助科學(xué)家追蹤汞污染”展開，D選項(xiàng)“企鵝幫助繪制南極洲日益增長的汞威脅圖”直接概括了這一主題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Newyearsareoftenseenasnewbeginnings.____36____Theywereafraidthatthestartofthenewmillennium(千年)wouldbringdisaster.BeforeJanuary1,2000,newspapersandTVshowsoftentalkedaboutsomethingthatbecameknownasthe“Y2Kbug”orthe“millenniumbug”.PeopleworriedtherewouldbebigproblemswhenclocksoncomputerswentfromDecember31,1999totheyear2000.Thiswasbecausemanycomputersusedjusttwodigitstorecordtheyear.____37____Buthowwouldcomputerscopewith“00”——wouldtheythinkitwas2000orwouldtheytakeitas1900andstopworking?Somepeoplethoughtthiscouldmeanthatlightswouldgooutacrosstheworldascomputersfailed.____38____Governmentsspenthundredsofbillionsofdollarsplanningforpossibleproblemsandreplacingoldsystemswithnewonesthatusedfour-digitdates.TheUSalonespent$100billion.Butsomecountriesdidalmostnothing.AndwhenmidnightcameonDecember31,planesdidn’tfalloutoftheskyandthelightsdidn’tgoout.Mostoftheproblemswerequitesmall.____39____InIshikawa,Japan,someequipmentfailedatanuclearfacility—althoughbackupsystemsmadesuretherewasnodanger.Andagroupofover150pregnantwomenintheUKweregivenwronginformationabouttheirbabies’healthbecausetheirhospitals’computersystemsgottheirbirthdateswrong.Butsomepeoplesaidtheworries—andallthatmoney—hadbeenfornothing.____40____Theysaidthosemonthsofplanninghelpedavoidbigproblems.Andtheyexpressedconcernthatourrelianceontechnologywouldmakeusvulnerable(易受傷害的)tosimilarproblemsinthefuture.A.Butsomewerebigger.B.Manyexpertsdidn’tagree.C.So,1988wasjust“88”and1999was“99”.D.But25yearsago,manypeoplebecameworried.E.Andtheydidn’tcausemuchlosstoimportantfacilities.F.Insiderssuggestedpeoplestaycalmandunloadunnecessaryprograms.G.Perhapssoftwareatbanks,airportsandhospitalswouldstopworkingtoo.【答案】36.D37.C38.G39.A40.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了在2000年新千年到來之前，人們對“千年蟲”問題的擔(dān)憂，各國政府為此所做的準(zhǔn)備，以及新千年到來后實(shí)際出現(xiàn)的情況和不同的觀點(diǎn)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Newyearsareoftenseenasnewbeginnings.(新年常常被視為新的開始)”以及下文“Theywereafraidthatthestartofthenewmillennium(千年)wouldbringdisaster.(他們擔(dān)心新千年的開始會帶來災(zāi)難)”可知，此處需要一個句子來引出人們對新千年到來的擔(dān)憂，形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。D選項(xiàng)“But25yearsago,manypeoplebecameworried(但是25年前，許多人開始擔(dān)心起來)”符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thiswasbecausemanycomputersusedjusttwodigitstorecordtheyear.(這是因?yàn)樵S多計(jì)算機(jī)只用兩位數(shù)字來記錄年份)”可知，上文說的是計(jì)算機(jī)只用兩位數(shù)字來記錄年份，可推理出下文要對這種現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行舉例說明，C選項(xiàng)“So,1988wasjust“88”and1999was“99”(所以，1988年就只是“88”，1999年就只是“99”)”符合語境，具體說明了用兩位數(shù)字記錄年份的情況，與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Somepeoplethoughtthiscouldmeanthatlightswouldgooutacrosstheworldascomputersfailed.(一些人認(rèn)為，這可能意味著隨著計(jì)算機(jī)故障，全世界的燈都會熄滅)”可知，此處表達(dá)的是人們擔(dān)心的計(jì)算機(jī)故障可能帶來的其他后果。G選項(xiàng)“Perhapssoftwareatbanks,airportsandhospitalswouldstopworkingtoo(也許銀行、機(jī)場和醫(yī)院的軟件也會停止工作)”符合語境，與上文都在說計(jì)算機(jī)故障可能引發(fā)的問題，進(jìn)一步闡述了人們的擔(dān)憂，故選G?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Mostoftheproblemswerequitesmall.(大多數(shù)問題都相當(dāng)小)”以及下文“InIshikawa,Japan,someequipmentfailedatanuclearfacility—althoughbackupsystemsmadesuretherewasnodanger.Andagroupofover150pregnantwomenintheUKweregivenwronginformationabouttheirbabies’healthbecausetheirhospitals’computersystemsgottheirbirthdateswrong.(在日本的石川，一個核設(shè)施的一些設(shè)備出現(xiàn)了故障——盡管備用系統(tǒng)確保了沒有危險(xiǎn)。在英國，一組150多名孕婦得到了關(guān)于她們嬰兒健康的錯誤信息，因?yàn)樗齻冡t(yī)院的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)弄錯了她們的出生日期)”可知，上文表達(dá)的是大多數(shù)問題都是小問題，下文說的是比較嚴(yán)重的問題，可推理出空白處此處需要一個句子來引出下文那些比較嚴(yán)重的問題，形成轉(zhuǎn)折。A選項(xiàng)“Butsomewerebigger(但是有些問題更嚴(yán)重)”符合語境，引出了下文那些相對較大的問題，與上文形成對比，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Butsomepeoplesaidtheworries—andallthatmoney—hadbeenfornothing.(但是有些人說這些擔(dān)憂——以及所有那些錢——都白費(fèi)了)”以及下文“Theysaidthosemonthsofplanninghelpedavoidbigproblems.Andtheyexpressedconcernthatourrelianceontechnologywouldmakeusvulnerable(易受傷害的)tosimilarproblemsinthefuture.(他們說，那幾個月的規(guī)劃幫助避免了大問題。他們還表達(dá)了對我們對技術(shù)的依賴會使我們在未來容易受到類似問題影響的擔(dān)憂)”可知，上文說的是所有那些錢都白費(fèi)了，下文說的是那幾個月的規(guī)劃幫助避免了大問題，可推理出空白處需要一個句子來引出與上文觀點(diǎn)不同的看法。B選項(xiàng)“Manyexpertsdidn’tagree(許多專家不同意)”引出了下文專家們不同的觀點(diǎn)，即認(rèn)為那些規(guī)劃是有幫助的，故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。MyfamilyrecentlymovedfromAmericatoItaly.Wewereenjoyingthis___41___toexplorethegreatoutdoorsonanewcontinent.First,myhusbandandIwenthikinginanationalpark.Wecoulddrivethroughtheparkbutcouldfindnowayto___42___thecarandwalkintoit.Forus,thisfeltvery___43___.Next,myolderdaughterandIorganizedabackpackingtriptoParcoNozionaledAbruzzo,justafewhoursoutsideofRome.Wewere___44___tolearnthereisnocampinginthepark.Theonlywayto___45___intheparkisatamountainhut(小屋).Mostvisitorstotheparkhireguides.Guideshelpthemexplorethetrails,describetheecologyofthearea,and___46___wildlifeviewing.Wedidnothireaguide,whichwasrespectedbytheguides,buttotally___47___tomanyofthelocals.Iviewedhikingwithaguideasan___48___ofpoorwildernessskills.But,throughconversationswithotherhikersandguests,Icameto___49___thewaymanyItalians____50____visitingthepark.Theycametolearnandseebeautybutnotnecessarilytobe____51____andtofeelthethrill(刺激)ofindependently____52____innature.Thisexperiencegavemetheopportunitytolearnaboutother____53____ofoutdoorexploration.Iwouldneverwantto____54____campingandhiking“myway”,butIamwillingtotryanewway,evenwitha____55____.41.A.activity B.opportunity C.ability D.necessity42.A.park B.clean C.repair D.sell43.A.remarkable B.amazing C.economical D.strange44.A.excited B.scared C.surprised D.stressed45.A.relax B.wander C.play D.sleep46.A.sponsor B.promote C.facilitate D.monitor47.A.incomprehensible B.unforgivable C.impossible D.irresistible48.A.explanation B.admission C.observation D.intervention49.A.illustrate B.understand C.advocate D.spread50.A.missed B.avoided C.risked D.approached51.A.alone B.happy C.creative D.curious52.A.arriving B.training C.hunting D.surviving53.A.tools B.philosophies C.reports D.regulations54.A.countfor B.carefor C.giveup D.bringup55.A.family B.hiker C.guide D.host【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.C45.D46.C47.A48.B49.B50.D51.A52.D53.B54.C55.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者一家從美國搬到意大利后，在戶外探索過程中遇到的不同情況以及由此帶來的對戶外探索方式的新認(rèn)識。【41題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們很享受這個在新大陸探索戶外的機(jī)會。A.activity活動；B.opportunity機(jī)會；C.ability能力；D.necessity必要性。根據(jù)下文“explorethegreatoutdoorsonanewcontinent”可知下文說的是在新大陸探索戶外，可推理出此處說的是我們很享受這個在新大陸探索戶外的機(jī)會，故選B。【42題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以開車穿過公園，但找不到停車然后走進(jìn)公園的路。A.park停車；B.clean清潔；C.repair修理；D.sell賣。根據(jù)下文“thecarandwalkintoit”可知下文提到了車，還提到了走路進(jìn)入，可推理出此處說的是停車，故選A。【43題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對我們來說，這感覺很奇怪。A.remarkable非凡的；B.amazing令人驚奇的；C.economical經(jīng)濟(jì)的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“thereisnocampinginthepark”可知下文說的是公園里沒有露營的地方，這種情況對于作者他們來說是奇怪的，故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們驚訝地得知公園里不能露營。A.excited興奮的；B.scared害怕的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.stressed有壓力的。根據(jù)下文“thereisnocampinginthepark”可知下文說的是公園里沒有露營的地方，可推理出作者一家對此感到驚訝，故選C。【45題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在公園里唯一能睡覺的方式是在山間小屋。A.relax放松；B.wander漫步；C.play玩耍；D.sleep睡覺。根據(jù)上文“thereisnocampinginthepark”可知上文說的是公園里沒有露營的地方，可推理出此處說的是公園里不能睡覺，只能在山間小屋睡覺，故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：導(dǎo)游幫助他們探索小徑，描述該地區(qū)的生態(tài)，并促進(jìn)野生動物觀賞。A.sponsor贊助；B.promote提升（一般側(cè)重于提升地位、聲譽(yù)等）；C.facilitate促進(jìn)；D.monitor監(jiān)測。根據(jù)上文“Guideshelpthemexplorethetrails,describetheecologyofthearea”以及下文“wildlifeviewing”可知上文提到了導(dǎo)游幫助他們探索小徑，描述該地區(qū)的生態(tài)，下文提到了野生動物觀賞，可推理出此處說的是促進(jìn)野生動物觀賞，故選C。【47題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有雇導(dǎo)游，這得到了導(dǎo)游的尊重，但對很多當(dāng)?shù)厝藖碚f完全難以理解。A.incomprehensible難以理解的；B.unforgivable不可原諒的；C.impossible不可能的；D.irresistible不可抗拒的。根據(jù)下文“Theycametolearnandseebeauty”可知，下文說的是他們來這里是為了學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞美景，可推理出當(dāng)?shù)厝穗y以理解作者沒有雇導(dǎo)游這件事，故選A。【48題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為雇導(dǎo)游徒步旅行是對自己野外技能差的一種承認(rèn)。A.explanation解釋；B.admission承認(rèn)；C.observation觀察；D.intervention干預(yù)。根據(jù)下文“ofpoorwildernessskills”可知下文說的是野外技能差，可推理出作者覺得雇導(dǎo)游就意味著承認(rèn)自己野外技能不足，故選B?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，通過與其他徒步旅行者和游客的交談，我開始理解許多意大利人游覽公園的方式。A.illustrate說明；B.understand理解；C.advocate提倡；D.spread傳播。根據(jù)下文“Theycametolearnandseebeauty”可知，下文說的是他們來這里是為了學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞美景，可推理出作者理解了許多意大利人游覽公園的方式，故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，通過與其他徒步旅行者和游客的交談，我開始理解許多意大利人游覽公園的方式。A.missed錯過；B.avoided避免；C.risked冒險(xiǎn)；D.approached對待；著手處理。根據(jù)下文“Theycametolearnandseebeauty”以及“visitingthepark”可知，下文說的是他們來這里是為了學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞美景，還提到了游覽公園，可推理出此處說的是作者開始理解許多意大利人游覽公園的方式，故選D?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們來這里是為了學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞美景，但不一定是獨(dú)自一人，也不是為了感受獨(dú)自在大自然中生存的刺激。A.alone獨(dú)自的；B.happy高興的；C.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)下文“independently”可知下文提到了“獨(dú)自”，可推理出此處說的是他們來這里是為了學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞美景，但不一定是獨(dú)自一人，故選A。【52題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們來這里是為了學(xué)習(xí)和欣賞美景，但不一定是獨(dú)自一人，也不是為了感受獨(dú)自在大自然中生存的刺激。A.