湖北省2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期10月聯(lián)考試題含解析

Page23時(shí)長：120分鐘滿分：150分第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whycan’tthewomangotothegame?A.Sheforgotherticketathome.B.Shedoesn’twanttowaitinline.C.Shehastolookafterhernephew.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?AAtarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Overthephone.3.Howmuchchangecanthemanget?A.Fivedollars.B.Sevendollars.C.Eightdollars.4.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Ameetingroomisoccupied.B.Themeetinghasbeencanceled.C.Somesoftwarecan’tbedownloaded.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Theessaypartwaseasy.B.Sheregrettednotstudyingenough.C.Herpreparationpaidoffintheexam.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Aresearchproject.B.Acompanydinner.C.Acustomersurvey.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?ATrainingthestaff.B.Changingsomerules.C.Attendingaconference.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wherewillthewomango?A.Room106.B.Room210.C.Room309.9.WhywillthemanattendDr.Probst’slecture?A.Heisaworld-famousexpert.B.Hewasaformerclassmate.C.Hedevelopedanewmedicaltheory.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring.B.Autumn.C.Winter.11.WhatdoesJohnsayabouttheyoungman’scoat?A.Hedoesn’tlikethecolor.B.Hethinksitisoutofstyle.C.Heisunsureifitwouldsuithim.12.WhatcoloraremostofJohn’sclothes?A.Green.B.Black.C.Yellow.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.HowdidJanetgetintroducedtostand-upcomedy?A.Bywatchingaperformance.B.Byjoiningalocaldramaclub.C.Byperforminginschoolplays.14.HowdidJanet’sparentsreacttohercareerchoice?A.Theyencouragedhertofollowherpassion.B.Theywereunsupportiveanddiscouragedher.C.Theywantedhertofollowamoretraditionalcareer.15.WhatchallengesdoesJanetfacewhileperforming?A.Creatingherownmaterial.B.Amusingtheaudience.C.Beingaloneonstage.16.WhatmotivatesJanettocontinueperforming?A.Thedesiretoupliftothers.B.Thewishtogainrecognition.C.Thechancetochallengeherself.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatwillbeprovidedforthelisteners?A.Clothes.B.Gloves.C.Breakfast.18.Whatshouldthelistenersdowithfruit?A.Leaveituntouched.B.Placeitintheredbag.C.Putitintoaspecialcontainer.19.Whatshouldthelistenersdoiftheycuttheirhands?A.Seekhelpfromfellowparticipants.B.Visitthenearesthospital.C.Turntothespeaker.20.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetalk?A.Togiveinstructions.B.Topromoteaprogram.C.Towelcomethelisteners.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIt’snowonderthetrainfromLondontoEdinburghisoneofTrainline’stopthreebestsellingroutesforAmericantravelers.HerearethemostpopularroutestoexploringtheScottishHighlandsbytrain,allstartinginEdinburgh。ForthoseseekingoutthefabledLochNessmonster,Invernessistheclosesttrainstationtothefamouslake.Fromthestation,travelerscantakeabusortaxitoFortAugustusandboardaboattourorfishingchartertotrytospotthecreature.Evenifsheisn’tfound,LochNessisstillasightfortheeyes,withahistoricportandtrailsthroughtheforestsandpastwaterfalls.AsScotland’ssecond-largestlochandholdingmorewaterthananyotherlakeintheU.K.,LochNessisagreatplacetofishorboat.Althoughalongtrainride,thetripfromEdinburghtoMallaig,acharmingfishingvillage,isworthit.Thisrouteofferssomeofthebestsceneryintheworld—infact,ridersmightrecognizethetrainanditsroute,whichgoesovertheGlenfinnanViaduct,asHarryPotter’sHogwartsExpress.Travelerscanboardthe19th-century-inspiredJacobiteSteamTrainandwindpastenchantingvillages,theMorarRiverandbeaches.Atanaltitudeofover4,412feet,BenNevisisanancientvolcanothatexplodedandcollapsedonitselftobecomethetallestmountainintheBritishIsles.TravelerscantakethetraintoFortWilliam,atownofferingcastles,distilleries,ruggedcoastlines.Thetownisalsotitledasthe“OutdoorCapital”ofScotland,sothrillseekerscangoskiingandhikingtotheirheart’sdesire.IfhikingBenNevisdoesn’tsoundappealing,there’salsoaboatthatprovidesstunningviewswithouttheexercise.1.WhatisspecialaboutthetraintoMallaig?A.IthasthelongesttrainrouteinScotland. B.IttravelstothesamestopinHarryPottermovie.C.ItonceappearedinthestoryofHarryPotter. D.Itisanexactcopyofthe19th-centurysteamtrain.2.Whichplaceattractsadventuroussportslovers?A.FortAugustus. B.Mallaig.C.GlenfinnanViaduct. D.FortWilliam.3.Whatdothethreedestinationshaveincommon?A.Theyarealllocatedalongthesouthcoast. B.Boatingisthemostattractiveactivitythere.C.Theyofferhiker-friendlyroutesforexploration. D.TheyareconnectedtoEdinburghbytrains.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了乘坐火車游覽蘇格蘭高地最受歡迎的路線和三個(gè)目的地，全部從愛丁堡開始?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Thisrouteofferssomeofthebestsceneryintheworld—infact,ridersmightrecognizethetrainanditsroute,whichgoesovertheGlenfinnanViaduct,asHarryPotter’sHogwartsExpress.(這條路線提供了一些世界上最好的風(fēng)景——事實(shí)上，乘客可能會認(rèn)出這列火車和它的路線，它經(jīng)過格蘭芬南高架橋，是哈利波特的霍格沃茨特快)”可知，這條路線的特別之處在于這趟火車經(jīng)過的路線是電影《哈利·波特》中霍格沃茨特快列車的路線，即，它曾在該電影中作為霍格沃茨特快列車。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“TravelerscantakethetraintoFortWilliam,atownofferingcastles,distilleries,ruggedcoastlines.Thetownisalsotitledasthe‘OutdoorCapital’ofScotland,sothrillseekerscangoskiingandhikingtotheirheart’sdesire.(游客可以乘坐火車前往威廉堡，這里有城堡、釀酒廠和崎嶇的海岸線。這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)也被稱為蘇格蘭的“戶外之都”，所以尋求刺激的人可以去滑雪和徒步旅行)”可知，威廉堡有蘇格蘭的“戶外之都”之稱，在這里可以滑雪和徒步旅行。由此可知，這里吸引愛冒險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)愛好者。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“HerearethemostpopularroutestoexploringtheScottishHighlandsbytrain,allstartinginEdinburgh(以下是乘坐火車探索蘇格蘭高地最受歡迎的路線，都是從愛丁堡開始的)”可知，文中提及的三個(gè)目的地都可由愛丁堡出發(fā)，搭乘火車可抵達(dá)。由此推知，它們的共同點(diǎn)在于它們都有火車與愛丁堡相連。故選D項(xiàng)。BDuringtheday,GellinisthePediatricResidents(兒科實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生)ProgramDirectorattheURMedicalCenter(URMC)andadoctoratGolisanoChildren’sHospital.Atnightthough,twiceaweeksheleadsZumbaclassesthatattractallsortsofpeople.Participantsdon’tneedtocopyGellin’smovesexactly,rathershetellseveryonetohavefunandmovetheirbodiesinwhateverwayfeelsthemostcomfortableforthem.“TherearenomistakesinZumba,”shesays.“Zumbaismeanttobeaworkoutafterall,somygoalistopresentalevelthatnomatterwhereyouare,youhavetopushyourself.”Withsongsinvolvingmorefitnessmovementssuchassquatsandjumpingjacks,Gellinmakessuretoalternate(交替)thehigherandlowerintensitysongsanddances,givingstudentsabitofabreatherinbetweenandalwaysendingwithacooldownperiodofstretchesanddeepbreathing.EachyearatURMC,newpediatricsresidentsgetacrashcourseinZumbaaswell.“Residencyisatimewhereit’sprobablyeveryphysicians’steepestlearningcurveintheirlife,”Gellinsaid.DrawingsomecomparisonstobeginningaZumbaclass,shesaid,“It’satimewheretheyarethrownintodoingthingstheymaynotfeelcomfortabledoingbutthere’salwayspeoplearoundtosupportthem.”Gellinnotedthatmostofherjobisactuallycenteredaroundeducationratherthanpracticingmedicine,soshespendsalotoftimethinkingaboutwhatsafelearningspacesmeanandlooklike.ThishastranslatedintoherZumbateachingaswell;whiletherearenomistakesinZumba,asshetellsnewcomers,thereareunfortunatelymistakesinmedicine-somewithseriousconsequences.Gellinworksonsettinguplearningsoherresidentscanhavesafetynetstocatchthemiftheymakeanerrorinjudgmentandpreventpatientharm.“Areallyimportantpartofmedicineisactually‘bewhoyouare’,”Gellinsaid.“It’sOKifyoudoitalittledifferentlythanIdoit.I’myourguide.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutGellin’szumbaclasses?A.Theyareopentoherresidentsonly. B.Theyaregivenonabi-weeklybasis.C.Theyarecasuallytakenbyparticipants. D.Theyaremoderatelychallenging.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.People’ssupporttoZumbabeginners. B.ThesimilarityofstartingZumbaandresidency.C.ThepopularityofZumbaclassesamongresidents. D.Thetoughestperiodforfuturephysicians.6.WhatisthefocusofGellin’sjobasadoctor?A.Encouragingdiversityinmedicalpractice.B.Preventingresidents’errorsinjudgement.C.Offeringguidanceonresidents’possiblemistakes.D.Creatingatolerantenvironmentforanyoutcomes.7.WhichwordsbestdescribeGellin?A.Activeandsupportive. B.Humbleandmodest.C.Strictanddemanding. D.Energeticandaggressive.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要報(bào)道了Gellin在白天作為醫(yī)生以及晚上教授尊巴，通過這種對比突出Gellin的職業(yè)生活平衡和教育理念?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Withsongsinvolvingmorefitnessmovementssuchassquatsandjumpingjacks,Gellinmakessuretoalternatethehigherandlowerintensitysongsanddances,givingstudentsabitofabreatherinbetweenandalwaysendingwithacooldownperiodofstretchesanddeepbreathing.(通過包含更多健身動(dòng)作的歌曲，例如深蹲和開合跳，Gellin確保交替安排高強(qiáng)度和低強(qiáng)度的歌曲和舞蹈，讓學(xué)生在中間稍作休息，并總是以伸展和深呼吸的放松期結(jié)束。)”可知，蓋林的尊巴課程設(shè)計(jì)了難度適中的活動(dòng)，包括高低強(qiáng)度交替的運(yùn)動(dòng)，確保鍛煉的挑戰(zhàn)性，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“EachyearatURMC,newpediatricsresidentsgetacrashcourseinZumbaaswell.“Residencyisatimewhereit’sprobablyeveryphysicians’steepestlearningcurveintheirlife,”Gellinsaid.DrawingsomecomparisonstobeginningaZumbaclass,shesaid,“It’satimewheretheyarethrownintodoingthingstheymaynotfeelcomfortabledoingbutthere’salwayspeoplearoundtosupportthem.”(每年在URMC，新的兒科住院醫(yī)師也會接受尊巴速成課程。“住院醫(yī)師培訓(xùn)是每位醫(yī)生一生中學(xué)習(xí)曲線最陡峭的時(shí)期，”Gellin說。她將住院醫(yī)師培訓(xùn)與開始尊巴課程進(jìn)行了一些比較，說：“這是一個(gè)他們被迫去做一些可能感到不自在的事情的時(shí)期，但周圍總有人支持他們。”)”可知，第三段主要討論了開始尊巴課程和開始住院醫(yī)師培訓(xùn)之間的相似性，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Gellinworksonsettinguplearningsoherresidentscanhavesafetynetstocatchthemiftheymakeanerrorinjudgmentandpreventpatientharm.“Areallyimportantpartofmedicineisactually‘bewhoyouare’,”Gellinsaid.“It’sokifyoudoitalittledifferentlythanIdoit.I’myourguide.”(Gellin致力于建立學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，以便她的住院醫(yī)師在判斷失誤時(shí)有安全網(wǎng)來保護(hù)他們，并防止患者受到傷害?！搬t(yī)學(xué)中非常重要的一部分實(shí)際上是‘做你自己’，”Gellin說。“如果你的做法與我有所不同，那也沒關(guān)系。我是你的指導(dǎo)者?！?”可知，Gellin的主要工作是對住院醫(yī)師可能犯的錯(cuò)誤提供指導(dǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容和文章第一段“Participantsdon’tneedtocopyGellin’smovesexactly,rathershetellseveryonetohavefunandmovetheirbodiesinwhateverwayfeelsthemostcomfortableforthem.“TherearenomistakesinZumba,”shesays.(參與者不需要完全照搬Gellin的動(dòng)作，而是她告訴每個(gè)人玩得開心，以他們覺得最舒服的方式移動(dòng)他們的身體?！白鸢蜎]有錯(cuò)誤，”她說)”以及文章第三段“It’satimewheretheyarethrownintodoingthingstheymaynotfeelcomfortabledoingbutthere’salwayspeoplearoundtosupportthem.(這是一個(gè)他們被迫做他們可能不舒服的事情的時(shí)候，但是總有人在周圍支持他們)”可知，Gellin積極領(lǐng)導(dǎo)尊巴課程，強(qiáng)調(diào)在醫(yī)學(xué)訓(xùn)練中支持學(xué)員的發(fā)展，表現(xiàn)出她的積極和支持。故選A項(xiàng)。CDuringajudgingperiodforarecentshortstorycontest,Istartedthinkingalotaboutdialoguetags.Becauseinmanysubmissionscharactersdidn’t“say”athing.Theyshouted,theyinquired,theyassumed.Somecharactersscreamedwhileothersmurmured.Butnoone“said”anything.AndIstartedwonderingwhy.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIunderstoodthetemptation.We’realwaysencouragedtousestrong,actionableverbsinourprose.Whywalkwhenyoucanskiporwander?Whycrywhenyoucansoborweep?Whywouldn’twereachforexcitingverbsinsteadofdull“said”?Whycouldn’teachverbbeatinysparklinggeminitsownright?Theproblem,Ithink,isthateveryjewelneedsasettingtobecomesomethingmorethanthesumofitsparts.Withoutsomethingtoprovidestructure,acollectionoftheworld’smostgloriousdiamondswouldstillonlyamounttoaheapofrocks.Dialogueisyourdiamond,friends.Whenwereadyourwork,yourdialogueshouldbesolifelikethatourbrains“hear”eachlineinsteadofmerelyreadingit.Wedon’tneedtobetoldacharacterisshouting—wecansenseitinthewaytheyspitoutwords,clenchfists,orstormfromtheroom.What’smore,readersmaynotinitiallyimagineaparticularlinebeing“sobbed.”Whenwereachtheendofasentenceandfindoutourleadingladyhasactuallysobbedinsteadofwhispered,itpullsusrightoutofthestory.Wepause.Werereadtheline.Weadjustourunderstandingandbeginagain.Butthatwonderfulmomentumwhenwe’refullyimmersedinthescene,holdingourbreathtofindoutwhatourheroinesaysnext,islost.Creatingasuccessfulworkoffictionisaboutgivingthereaderallthematerialstheyneedtobuildyourfictionalworldintheirmind.Readersneedbelievabledialogue.Andifyou’vecreateddynamiccharacterswhospeakwordswecanreallyhear,youwillneverneedtotellushowsomethingwassaid.8.Whatdoweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theword“said”isoverusedinourstories.B.Theuseofexcitingverbsmakescharactersalive.C.Varietiesofverbsarepreferredbyjudgesatcontests.DStrongverbsareconsideredtobeaneye-catcher.9.Accordingtotheauthor,______contributesmosttoagoodstory.A.atalkativecharacter B.avividconversationC.acollectionofdialoguetags D.awildimagination10.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Creativedialoguetagshelpkeepreadersimmersedinreading.B.Whatwassaidshouldbeprioritisedoverhowitwassaid.C.Readersmaybetterunderstandasceneafterrereadingtheline.D.Themorematerialsaworkoffictioncontains,themoresuccessfulitis.11.Whatargumentativemethodsareusedinthisarticle?①Usingexamples②Justifyinganassumption③Comparingandcontrasting④Appealingtoreaders’emotionsA.①② B.②④ C.③④ D.①③【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了作者在最近一次短篇小說比賽的評審期間，思考的關(guān)于對話標(biāo)簽的問題，在作者看來，對話方式，即，使用的動(dòng)詞，不應(yīng)該做過多的描述和強(qiáng)調(diào)，而應(yīng)是注重對話內(nèi)容的描寫?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“We’realwaysencouragedtousestrong,actionableverbsinourprose.(我們總是被鼓勵(lì)在我們的文章中使用強(qiáng)烈的、可操作的動(dòng)詞)”以及“Whycouldn’teachverbbeatinysparklinggeminitsownright?(為什么每個(gè)動(dòng)詞本身就不能成為一顆閃閃發(fā)光的小寶石呢？)”可知，寫作的人通常會被鼓勵(lì)使用強(qiáng)烈的，可操作的動(dòng)詞，希望自己使用的動(dòng)詞成為閃閃發(fā)光的小寶石。由此推知，強(qiáng)烈的動(dòng)詞能夠博人眼球。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Dialogueisyourdiamond,friends.Whenwereadyourwork,yourdialogueshouldbesolifelikethatourbrains“hear”eachlineinsteadofmerelyreadingit.(對話就是你的鉆石，朋友們。當(dāng)我們閱讀你的作品時(shí)，你的對話應(yīng)該栩栩如生，讓我們的大腦“聽到”每一行，而不僅僅是閱讀它)”可知，在作者看來，對話就是鉆石，栩栩如生的對話會讓讀者“聽到”每一行。因此，在作者看來，生動(dòng)的談話對一個(gè)好故事的貢獻(xiàn)最大。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容“Readersneedbelievabledialogue.Andifyou’vecreateddynamiccharacterswhospeakwordswecanreallyhear,youwillneverneedtotellushowsomethingwassaid.(讀者需要可信的對話。如果你創(chuàng)造了動(dòng)態(tài)的人物，他們說的話我們真的能聽到，你就不需要告訴我們是怎么說的)”可知，在作者看來，有了可信的對話，動(dòng)態(tài)的人物，就不需要告訴讀者“怎么說的”這個(gè)動(dòng)作了，即，說的話要比如何說更重要。由此推知，作者應(yīng)該會認(rèn)同選項(xiàng)B“Whatwassaidshouldbeprioritisedoverhowitwassaid.(說話的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該優(yōu)先于說話的方式)”的論述。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Theyshouted,theyinquired,theyassumed.Somecharactersscreamedwhileothersmurmured.Butnoone‘said’anything.(他們叫喊著，他們詢問著，他們猜想著。一些人尖叫，另一些人喃喃自語。但是沒有人“說”什么)”可知，作者舉例了投稿中的使用的與“說”表達(dá)相同含義的其它強(qiáng)烈動(dòng)詞。同時(shí)，作者在第三段提出了論點(diǎn)“Dialogueisyourdiamond,friends.(對話就是你的鉆石，朋友們)”，并用“Whenwereadyourwork,yourdialogueshouldbesolifelikethatourbrains“hear”eachlineinsteadofmerelyreadingit.Wedon’tneedtobetoldacharacterisshouting…(當(dāng)我們閱讀你的作品時(shí)，你的對話應(yīng)該栩栩如生，讓我們的大腦“聽到”每一行，而不僅僅是閱讀它。我們不需要被告知角色在大喊大叫……)”的論述，證明了其合理性和正確性。由此推知，作者使用了舉例論證和證明假設(shè)是正確的論述方法。故選A項(xiàng)。DWhalesandbirdsarefrequentlyquotedasEarth’schiefnavigators.Insects,too,aredisplayed-oftenrepresentedbybutterfliesandbees.Ants,however,arerarelyonthelipsofthosediscussingnature’sbestpilots.Thisisdisheartening,particularlywhenconsideringthelackofactiontoaddressants’decliningnumberscomparedwiththatforotherinsectsandmammals.Likewhales,antsdisplayextraordinaryspatialskillsaspartoftheirremarkablenavigationaltoolkit.Theirmostwell-knownstrategy-chemicalsignallingviapheromones(信息素)toguidenestmatesalongsharedpaths-barelyscratchesthesurface.RecentresearchIwasinvolvedwithshowsanewnavigationalcharacteristicforantslivingincomplexenvironments.Woodants(Formicarufa)returningtothenestthroughthedensewoodlandexhibitidiosyncraticroutes.Thatis,whereasoneantmightalwaysgototherightofabushandthenunderalogwhenreturninghome,anothermightalwaysgototheleftandthenover.Thissuggeststheantsarerelyingonvisualcuesasopposedtopheromones,theresponsestowhichwouldshowconsiderableoverlap(重合).OrnotetheNorthAfricandesert-residingantCataglyphisfortis.Eachantusesaninternal“stepcounter”andheavenlycuestocalculateitspositionrelativetothenestinthebarrenSaharandesert.Arecentstudyrevealedthatthisspeciesalsoconstructsmounds(土堆)asvisualcuestohelpfindthewayhome.Antsdon’tbenefitfromawiderangeofconservationstrategies.Humpbackwhales,ontheotherhand,havethankfullyseentheirnumbersbouncebackduetoprotectioninitiatives.Indeed,astudyofUKconservationpoliciesfoundthatmammalsreceivemoreprotectionthaninsects.Despitehowvitalinsectsaretoourplanet,theirbiodiversityisindanger,anditisourdutytomakeacaseforinsectprotectionacrosstheboard.Theirremarkablenavigationalaccuracy,originatingfromrelativelybasicneuralcircuits,iskeytoattractingpublicsupport.IfonlymorepeopleknewthatdungbeetlesnavigateusingtheMilkyWay,forexample,theirpresenceonconservationlistswouldsurelybemorefrequent.Perhapsthinkingofinsectsasindividualanimals,ratherthantheircollectivespecies,isastart.12.Whyarewhalesandbirdsmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowtheirreputationisnotwell-deserved.B.Toprovetheeffectivenessofconservationefforts.C.Tohighlightants’exceptionalnavigationalability.D.Toconfirmtheyarebestexamplesofnature’snavigators.13.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedwordinparagraph3?A.Individualised. B.Identical. C.Contradictory. D.Complicated.14.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheantspeciesfromthetext?A.Theirsimpleneuralcircuitsfailtowinthemprotection.B.Producingpheromonesistheirmajormeansofnavigation.C.Theytelldirectionsbycountingtheirstepsinthedesert.D.Visualinformationaccountsfortheirchosenroutetothenest.15.Whichcouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Navigationalgenius:Ants’brillianceoverlookedB.Amazingability:Insects’navigationalsecretuncoveredC.Bestpilot:Ants’signallingbehaviordisplayedD.Alarmingfact:Mammalsarebeingoverprotected【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述螞蟻有非凡的空間技能，在導(dǎo)航能力方面表現(xiàn)突出?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“WhalesandbirdsarefrequentlyquotedasEarth’schiefnavigators.Insects,too,aredisplayed-oftenrepresentedbybutterfliesandbees.Ants,however,arerarelyonthelipsofthosediscussingnature’sbestpilots.(鯨魚和鳥類經(jīng)常被引用為地球的首席航海家。昆蟲也經(jīng)常以蝴蝶和蜜蜂為代表進(jìn)行展示。然而，螞蟻很少出現(xiàn)在那些討論大自然最好的飛行員的人的嘴里。)”以及下文“Likewhales,antsdisplayextraordinaryspatialskillsaspartoftheirremarkablenavigationaltoolkit.(像鯨魚一樣，螞蟻表現(xiàn)出非凡的空間技能，這是它們非凡的導(dǎo)航工具包的一部分。)”可知，第一段提到了鯨魚和鳥類，以突出螞蟻非凡的導(dǎo)航能力。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第三段“Thatis,whereasoneantmightalwaysgototherightofabushandthenunderalogwhenreturninghome,anothermightalwaysgototheleftandthenover.(也就是說，當(dāng)一只螞蟻回家時(shí)，它可能總是走到灌木叢的右邊，然后在木頭下面，而另一只螞蟻可能總是走左邊，然后在上面。)”可知，螞蟻?zhàn)叩穆肪€不一樣，都走自己獨(dú)特的路線，所以猜測idiosyncratic表“獨(dú)特的，個(gè)性化的”意思。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Thissuggeststheantsarerelyingonvisualcuesasopposedtopheromones,theresponsestowhichwouldshowconsiderableoverlap(重合).OrnotetheNorthAfricandesert-residingantCataglyphisfortis.Eachantusesaninternal‘stepcounter’andheavenlycuestocalculateitspositionrelativetothenestinthebarrenSaharandesert.Arecentstudyrevealedthatthisspeciesalsoconstructsmounds(土堆)asvisualcuestohelpfindthewayhome.(這表明螞蟻依賴視覺線索，而不是信息素，對信息素的反應(yīng)會顯示出相當(dāng)大的重疊?；蛘咦⒁獗狈巧衬械奈浵丆ataglyphisfortis。每只螞蟻都使用內(nèi)部的‘步數(shù)計(jì)數(shù)器’和天上的線索來計(jì)算它相對于撒哈拉沙漠中貧瘠巢穴的位置。最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，這種物種還會建造土堆作為視覺線索，以幫助找到回家的路。)”可知，視覺信息能解釋螞蟻選擇的筑巢路線。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第二段“Likewhales,antsdisplayextraordinaryspatialskillsaspartoftheirremarkablenavigationaltoolkit.(像鯨魚一樣，螞蟻表現(xiàn)出非凡的空間技能，這是它們非凡的導(dǎo)航工具包的一部分。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要講述螞蟻有非凡的空間技能，在導(dǎo)航能力方面表現(xiàn)突出。所以A項(xiàng)Navigationalgenius:Ants’brillianceoverlooked(導(dǎo)航天才：螞蟻的才華被忽視)符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Oneofthemostimportantpartsofthinkingcriticallyislearningwhatdetailsmatter.We’reexposedtosomuchinformationandsomanydifferentopinionseverydaythatit’sreallyeasytogetlostinthedetails.____16____Herearejustafewwaystodothat.AlwaysaskquestionsKnowingwhichdetailstowatchoutforisthefirstpartofcriticalthinking,____17____Afterall,thinkingcriticallyandaskingquestionsgoprettymuchhandinhand.It’simportanttoalwaysaskyourselfwhysomethingisimportantandhowitconnectstothingsyoualreadyknow.Asyoudothat,youtrainyourbraintomakeconnectionsbetweenideasandthinkcriticallyaboutmoreinformationyoucomeacross.WatchforqualifyingphrasesThinkingcriticallyisn’tjustabouttrainingyourbrain,it’salsoabouttrainingyourearsoyounoticesubtlelittlewordsandphrasesthatcansetoffwarningflags.It’simpossibletopayattentiontoeverything.____18____Generallyspeaking,agoodwarningflagforwhenyouneedtoputonthatcriticalthinkingcapiswhenthespeakerusesaqualifyingstatement.KnowandConfrontyourownbiasesWe’reallbiasedaboutinformationwhetherwerealizeitornot,andpartofcriticalthinkingiscultivatingthepossibilitytoseeoutsidethosebiases.It’stough,____19____Criticallythinkingdoesn’tend.____20____It’snavelgazing(鉆牛角尖)inthatyou’reconstantlythinkingaboutthinking,buttheendresultisabrainthatautomaticallyformsbetterarguments,focusedideasandcreativesolutionstoproblems.A.It’slikelythatyou’llgetintoadead-endandgetlostinyourthoughts.B.butit’sprettyuselessifyoudon’tknowwhattypesofquestionstoasknext.C.Therefore,it’simportanttoremainclear-headedandfocusonthebiggerpicture.D.Themoreknowledgeyoucultivate,thebetteryou’llbecomeatthinkingaboutit.E.Consequently,weneedtotrainourselvestolearnwhichdetailsmatterandwhichdon’t.F.Soknowingthehandfulofphrasesthattendtocomebeforeaweakargumentisreallyhelpful.G.butifyoutakethetimetothinkaboutopposingviewsthroughouttheday,you’lltrainyourbraintodothatmoreoften.【答案】16.E17.B18.F19.G20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了如何培養(yǎng)批判性思維?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“We’reexposedtosomuchinformationandsomanydifferentopinionseverydaythatit’sreallyeasytogetlostinthedetails.”（我們每天都接觸到如此多的信息和不同的觀點(diǎn)，以至于很容易迷失在細(xì)節(jié)中。）可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為因果關(guān)系。故E選項(xiàng)“因此，我們需要訓(xùn)練自己，了解哪些細(xì)節(jié)重要，哪些不重要”切題。故選E項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Knowingwhichdetailstowatchoutforisthefirstpartofcriticalthinking,”（知道要注意哪些細(xì)節(jié)是批判性思維的第一部分）以及下文“Afterall,thinkingcriticallyandaskingquestionsgoprettymuchhandinhand.”（畢竟，批判性思考和提出問題是密切相關(guān)的）可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系說明了要了解所問問題的類型。askingquestions呼應(yīng)whattypesofquestions。故B選項(xiàng)“但如果你不知道接下來該問什么類型的問題，那就毫無用處了”切題。故選B項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thinkingcriticallyisn’tjustabouttrainingyourbrain,it’salsoabouttrainingyourearsoyounoticesubtlelittlewordsandphrasesthatcansetoffwarningflags.It’simpossibletopayattentiontoeverything.”（批判性思維不僅僅是訓(xùn)練你的大腦，也是訓(xùn)練你的耳朵，這樣你就能注意到微妙的小詞和短語，這些詞和短語會引發(fā)警告信號。不可能注意到每件事。）可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文且與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故F選項(xiàng)“因此，知道在一個(gè)弱的論點(diǎn)之前出現(xiàn)的一些短語是很有幫助的?！鼻蓄}。thehandfulofphrases呼應(yīng)littlewordsandphrases。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“We’reallbiasedaboutinformationwhetherwerealizeitornot,andpartofcriticalthinkingiscultivatingthepossibilitytoseeoutsidethosebiases.It’stough”（不管我們是否意識到，我們都對信息有偏見，批判性思維的一部分就是培養(yǎng)跳出這些偏見的可能性。這很難）可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為并列關(guān)系說明堅(jiān)持批判性思維的益處。故G選項(xiàng)“但如果你花時(shí)間思考相反的觀點(diǎn)，你會訓(xùn)練你的大腦更經(jīng)常地這樣做?！鼻蓄}。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Criticallythinkingdoesn’tend.”（批判性思維不會結(jié)束。）以及根據(jù)下文“It’snavelgazing(鉆牛角尖)inthatyou’reconstantlythinkingaboutthinking,buttheendresultisabrainthatautomaticallyformsbetterarguments,focusedideasandcreativesolutionstoproblems.”（這是一種全神貫注的思考，因?yàn)槟阋恢痹谒伎?，但最終的結(jié)果是大腦會自動(dòng)形成更好的論點(diǎn)，集中的想法和創(chuàng)造性的解決問題的方法。）可知，批判性思維不會結(jié)束，反而會隨著知識的增長，逐漸得到增強(qiáng)，故D選項(xiàng)“你積累的知識越多，你就越善于思考。”切題。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasonmyfirst-evermulti-dayhikingtrip,somethingthathadbeenabucket-listitemformeformanyyears.AsI____21____inmytent,possiblymilesawayfromthenearesthuman,andlistenedtothe____22____outsideIcouldn’thelpbutthink,maybeIdon’tbelongouthere.I’mnotyour____23____backpacker.I’mathirty-seven-yearoldfemale,awifeandhomeschoolingmomoftwo.Ilikecamping,butI’dneverdoneitalone.Ihadtrainedformonthsbycarryingaheavybackpackonlong,ruggedhikes.Ihadlearnedto____24____mytentwithouthelpandhangmyfoodbaginatree.Ihad____25____backpackingessentialsandwasequippedwithallthenecessities,yetIcouldn’tshakethe____26____thatthenextmorning’slocalheadlineswouldsaysomethingaboutmymisfortune.Somehow,I____27____tofindsleepthatnight.Thenextmorning,Icelebratedmyhoursof____28____byenjoyingbreakfastbyacampfirethattookmea(n)____29____longtimetosetaflame.Iwatchedthesunriseandthenpreparedforanotherlongdayofhiking.Overthenextcoupleofdays,my_____30_____grew.Ihikedupsteephillsandmountains,_____31_____snakesthatwerelyingacrossthetrail,andsawbeautifulwaterfallsandviewsthatservedas_____32_____formyhardwork.AlthoughIhadstruggledinitiallyto_____33_____myselfasabackpacker,thehoursIspentonthetrailshowedmeonesimple,beautifultruth:Abackpackerissomeonewhobackpacks.Fourdayslater,I_____34_____fromthewoods-tired,bugbitten,blistered,dirty…andtriumphant.Ihadcreatedmyownadventure.AndIhadfoundanunlikelyplaceto_____35_____.21.A.brokedown B.slepttight C.wanderedabout D.layawake22.A.noises B.whispers C.music D.quarrels23.A.favourite B.brave C.typical D.friendly24.A.searchfor B.putup C.holdup D.teardown25.A.researched B.buried C.changed D.delivered26.A.hope B.fear C.belief D.fact27.A.failed B.struggled C.managed D.hurried28.A.dream B.survival C.challenge D.hike29.A.strangely B.amazingly C.embarrass