專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷42

專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷42

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

Theaimoftheteacheristogethispupilsasquicklyaspossibleovertheperiodinwhich

eachprintedsymbolislookedatforitsshape,andarriveatthestagewhenthepupillooks

atwordsandphrases,fortheirmeaning,almostwithoutnoticingtheshapesofthe

separateletters.Whenagoodreaderisatwork,hedoesnotlookatletters,norevenat

words,onebyone,howeverquickly;hetakesinthemeaningoftwo,three,orfourwords

atatime,inasinglemoment.Watchcarefullytheeyesofapersonwhoisreading,andit

willbeseenthattheydonottravelsmoothlyalongthelinesofprint,buttheymoveby

jumpsseparatedbyveryshortstops.Theeyesofaverygoodreadermovequicklytaking

longjumpsandmakingveryshorthalts;theeyesofapoorreadermovemoreslowly,

takingonlyshortjumpsandstoppinglongerateachhalt.Sometimes,whenhemeetsa

difficulty,heevengoesbackwardstoseeagainwhathasalreadybeenlookedalonce.

Theteacher'staskisthereforeclear:itistotrainhispupilstotakeinseveralwordsala

glance（one"eye-jump"）andtoremovethenecessityforgoingbackwardstoread

somethingasecondtime.Thisshowsatoncethatletter-by-letter,orsyllable-by-syllable

（音節(jié)）orword-by-wordreading,withthefingerpointingtotheword,carefullyfixing

eachoneinturn,iswrong.Itiswrongbecausesuchamethodtiesthepupil'seyesdown

toaveryshortjump,andtheaimistotrainfbrthelongjump.Moreover,averyshort

jumpistooshorttoprovideanymeaningorsense;anditwillbefoundthathaving

struggledwiththreeorfourwordsseparately,thepupilhastolookatthemagain,all

togetherandinonegroup,inordertogetthemeaningofthewholephrase.

1、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothefirstparagraph?

A、Pupilsshouldbetrainedtoreachquicklythestageofreadingwithouthavingto

concentrateontheseparatesymbols.

B、Pupilsshouldlookateachprintedsymbolforitsmeaningaswellasforitsshape.

C、Teachersshouldhelptheirpupilsavoidlookingattheshapeoftheprintedsymbols.

D、Teachersshouldtelltheirpupilsthedifferentstagesoftheirstudy.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章第一段最后一句話“…almostwithoutnoticingtheshapesofthe

separateletters”,與選項A一致。

2、Inasinglemoment,agoodreaderpicksup.

A、severalwords

B、severalphrases

C、severalsentences

D、severallines

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章第二段中“hetakesinthemeaningoftwo,ihree,orfourwordsata

time,inasinglemoment","takeinthemeaning”與題目中的"pickup”是同義,所以

選Ao

3、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisFALSE?

A、Theeyesofagoodreadermakeshorthaltsandlongjumps.

B、Theeyesofabadreadertakeinthemeaningofonewordatatime.

C、Theeyesofabadreadertakeonlyshortjumps.

D、Theeyesofagoodreadermovesteadily.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章第二段中“Theeyesofaverygoodreadermovequicklytakinglong

jumpsandmakingveryshorthalts：theeyesofapoorreadermovemoreslowly,taking

onlyshortjumpsandstoppinglongerateachhalt.”可知選項D中的"movesteadily”與

此句話意思相反。

4、Onemayhavetoreadsomethingasecondtimeif.

A^thereisenoughtime

B、onereadstoofast

C、thepassageisverylong

D、onereadswordbyword

標準答案：D

知識點解析：從第二段末尾“whenhemeetsadifficulty,heevengoesbackwardsto

seeagainwhathasalreadybeenlookedatonce."可知"gobackwardtoseeagain”與題

目中的“readsomethingasecondlime”意思一致。這就是“poorreader”的表現(xiàn)，所以

選D。

5、Themainideaofthelastparagraphisthat.

A、word-by-wordreadingishighlyinefficient

B、thepupil'seyesshouldfbcusongroupsofsyllablesinsteadofsinglesyllables

C、pupilshavetomovetheireyesbackandforthwhenreading

D、finger-pointinginreadinghelpsthepupilconcentrateonmeaning

標準答案：A

知識點解析：從文章對兩種閱讀方法的比較及文章最后段落可知，文章主要是表明

逐字閱讀是非常低效的。故選A。

Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingofthepublicatlarge.Thesame

problem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnew

productsandcreatenewjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesoriofsums

neededfromfriendsandDeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-

termfinance,theyarcgenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisfor

long-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,

ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.Thistheydoby

issuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsothey

canputintocirculationthesavingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeand

overseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback,hedocsnothavetogotothecompany

withwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokerto

someothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.Manyoftheservicesneededboth

byindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.

Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.

Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentifthey

aretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.The

govcinmcntJocalauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedt。

bonowmoneylofinancemajorcapitalspending、andthey,too,comeloTheSlock

Exchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandard

oflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinance

newdevelopment.Inonewayoranother,thisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsof

thecountry.TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavings

canreachthosewhoneedfinance.

6、Almostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust.

A^relyontheirownfinancialresources

B、persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinance

C、borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopletheyknow

D、dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章第一段中"Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolend

themmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.“文

章中的“tumto"，“l(fā)end”和選項中的D“dcpcndon,forfinance”同義替換。

7、Themoneywhichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojectsis.

A、repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossible

B、raisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompanies

C、exchangedforpartownershipinTheStockExchange

D^investedindifferentcompaniesonTheStockExchange

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段末尾“Thistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthebusiness

throughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsotheycanputintocirculationthesavingof

individualsandinstitutions.bothathomeandoverseas.”故選Be

8、Whenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey.

A、askanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforthem

B、lookforotherpeopletoborrowmoneyfrom

C、puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket

D、transfertheirmoneytomoresuccessfulcompany

標準答案：C

知識點解析：第二段第二句"hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokertosomeother

saverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoneyo”故選C

9、Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare.

A^runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthorities

B、inconstantneedoffinancialsupport

C、financedwhollybyratesandtaxes

D、unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthepopulation

標準答案：B

知識點解析:從文章第三段“Alltheserequirecontinnousspendingonnewequipment

andnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanis

raisedthroughtaxesalone."文中"requiringmoremoney”與選項中B的"inconstant

needoffinancialsupport”同義替換。

10>TheStockExchangemakesitpossiblefortheGovernment,localauthoritiesand

nationalizedindustries.

A、toborrowasmuchmoneyastheywish

B、tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoney

C>toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopments

D、tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem

標準答案：C

知識點解析；文章第四段第,句"Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountry

whosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdocsnotdependontheabilityofhisorher

employerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.”故C正確。

Realpolicemen,bothinBritainandintheUnitedStates,hardlyrecognizeany

resemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeaboutthemselvesonTV.Thefirst

differenceisthatapoliceman'srealliferevolvesroundthelaw.Mostofhistrainingisin

criminallaw.Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbe

usedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer.

Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal.Assoonasheisarrested,the

storyisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinvery

seriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackswhere—failuretoproduceresultswill

affectthereputationofthepolice-littleeffortisspentonsearching.Thepolicehavean

elaboratemachinerywhicheventuallyshowsupmostwantedmen.Havingmadean

aiTest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothathe

oftenhastogatheralotofevidence.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetyping

millionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofpeoplewhoactguiltyof

crimes.Athirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneisthe

unpleasantmoraltwilightinwhichtherealonelives.Detectivesaresubjecttotwo

opposingpressures;firstasmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehavewith

absolutelegality;secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.They

canhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetimesomeofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmall

ways.

11、Ilisessentialforapolicemantobetrainedincriminallawsothathecan.

A、arrestcriminalsinthestreet

B、justifyhisarrestsincourt

C、knowasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer

D^justifyhimselfonTV

標準答案：B

知識點解析:文章第二段中“Mostofhistrainingisincriminallaw.Hehastoknow

exactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.”

其中選項B正是此句的意思，只是換了一種說法。

12、Onlywhenveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattacksoccur,willthe

police.

A、showup(heirelaboratemachinery

B>failtoproduceresults

C^spendalotofeffortinfindingthecriminals

D^payattentiontotheirreputation

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第三段中已知，t€Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofa

problem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackswhere—failure

toproduceresultswillaffectthereputationofthepolice—littleeffortisspenton

searching.”一般情況下找到罪犯不成問題，只有在非常重大的案件時，才需要花

費更多的努力來尋找罪犯。此句的關(guān)鍵是把except讀出來.

13、"Mostwantedmen"inthethirdparagraphrefersto.

A、themostdangerouscriminals

B、mostofthewitnesseswanted

C、themajorityofthosethepolicearesearchingfor

D、thementhepolicearemostinterestedinarresting

標準答案：C

知識點解析：第三段中“Thepolicehaveanelaboratemachinerywhicheventually

showsupmostwantedmen.”和上文結(jié)合起來可推出C是正確答案。

14、Therealdetectivelivesinanunpleasantmoraltwilightbecausehe.

A、isanexpensivepublicservant

oftenfeelsratherdepressed

C^isobligedtobreakthelawinordertopreserveit

D、mustalwaysbehavewithabsolutelegality

標準答案：C_

知識點解析：從文章最后一句話中“asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetoget

results.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetimesomeofthemhavetobreakthe

rulesinsmallways.“可知C為正確答案。

15、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothispassage?

A、Inreallife,findingcriminalsisoneofthepolicemen'sgreatestproblems.

B、Thedetective'sworkisoveroncethearresthasbeendone.

C、Thepolicemanspendsagreatdealoftimefindingevidencetosupporthisarrests.

D^Thepolicemandevotesmostofhisworkinglifetosearchingforcriminals.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：從文章第三段“Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoften

hastogatheralotofevidence.“因此正確答案為C。

Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingofthepublicatlarge.Thesame

problem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnew

productsandcreatenewjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsums

neededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-

termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisfor

long-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,

ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.Thistheydoby

issuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsothey

canputintocirculationthesavingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeand

overseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback,hedoesnothavetogotothecompany

withwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokerto

someothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.Manyoftheservicesneededboth

byindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.

Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.

Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentifthey

aretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.The

government,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedto

borrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andthey,too,cometoTheStock

Exchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandard

oflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinance

newdevelopment.Inonewayoranother,thisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsof

thecountry.TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavings

canreachthosewhoneedfinance.

16、Almostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust.

A、relyontheirownfinancialresources

B、persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinance

CNborrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopletheyknow

D、dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章第一段中“Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolend

themmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.”

文章中的“turnto'Tcnd”和選項中的D4€dcpcndon,forfinance”同義替換。

17^Themoneywhichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojectsis.

A、repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossible

B、raisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompanies

C、exchangedforpartownershipinTheStockExchange

D、investedindifferentcompaniesonTheStockExchange

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段末尾“Thistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthe

businessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsotheycanputintocirculationthe

savingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeandoverseas.”故選Bo

18、Whenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey.

A、askanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforthem

B、lookforotherpeopletoborrowmoneyfrom

C^puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket

D、transfertheirmoneytomoresuccessfulcompany

標準答案：C

知識點解析：第二段第二句"hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokertosomeother

saverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.”故選Co

19、Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare.

A、runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthorities

B、inconstantneedoffinancialsupport

C、financedwhollybyratesandtaxes

D、unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthepopulation

標準答案：B

知識點解析：從文章第三段“AHtheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipment

andnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanis

raisedthroughtaxesalone."文中"requiringmoremoney”與選項中B的"inconstant

needoffinancialsupport”同義替換。

20、TheStockExchangemakesitpossiblefortheGovernment,localauthoritiesand

nationalizedindustries.

A、toborrowasmuchmoneyastheywish

B、tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoney

C、toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopments

D、tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第四段第一句"Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountry

whosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorher

employerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.”故C正確。

Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.

NoschoolIhavetaughtinha*everignoredspellingorconsidereditunimportantasa

basicskill.Thereare,hov/ever,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuch

prioritize（優(yōu)先）itmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.

Theprob1cmis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyandconfidentlyin

writingwithoutholdinghimbackwithUiecomplexitiesofspelling.Ifspellingbecomes

theonlyfocalpointofhisteacher'sinterest,clearlyabrightchildwillbelikelyto"play

safe".Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoid

adventurouslanguage.That'swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseofdictionaries

andpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.1wasonceshockedtoreadon

thebottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience:"Thisworkis

terrible!Therearefartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible（難以辨認的）.

"Itmayhavebeenasharacriticismofthepupil'stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,bu>iiwas

alsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedto「cadtheessay,whichcontained

somebeautifulexpressionsofthechild'sdeepfeelings.Theteacherwasnotwrongto

drawattentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas,an

expressionofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmore

motivation（動力）toseekimp