專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷11

專升本英語（閱讀理解）模擬試卷11

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

Theoutsideworldbeginscreepingintotheschoolwhenthechildrenreachtheageof13

andolder,theagewhentheybegintomakesubjectchoicesandwhen,accordingtoa

careersofficer,theyknowifthey'reascientificlotormoreinclinedtothearts.The

difficultpartisbringingtheoutsideworldtolifewithallitsopportunitiesandrealities.

Schoolsarehandicappedbecausetheyarestaffedbypeoplewhoonlyknowabout

schools.Careersservicesareheavilyinfluencedbywhatisreadilyavailableinthearea,

whichmaybesausage-making（香腸制造）inWiltshireofship-buildinginClydeside.

Somewhereoutintheworldtherearesnail（蝸牛）geneticists（遺傳學家）andlandscape

gardenersandgirlswhopolishElizabethTaylor'sdiamonds,butthecareersofficer

knowslittleofthem.Whatheknowsaboutisengineeringandhairdressingand

opportunitiesintheArmy.Itisnotsurprisingthatthisconstanlfrictionbetweengrand

aspirations（抱負）anduninspiredrealityproducescynicism（玩川：不恭，憤［比嫉彳谷）inboth

parties.Wherevertheywork,sixteenandseventeen-year-oldscanfindthemselvesused

ascheaplabor,pickingthingsupofffloors,fetchingandcarrying.Somearepaida

reasonablewagebutitisquitepossibletobepaidonlypocket-money.That'sinthe

living-injobslikehotelwork.Thereisasmallbreakthroughofgirlsintotraditionally

malepreserveslikeagriculture,butthatmaybebecauseveryfewboysnowwouldputup

withthelowwages.Mostgirls,despitewomen'sliberation,headstraightfor

hairdressing,nursingorofficeworkanddrcamofbeingsweptofftheirfeetbytheboss.

1、Inwhatsensedoestheauthorsaytheoutsideworldbegins"creepingintoschools1*

whenchildrenfirstmakesubjectchoices?

A、Childrenbegintobecomeinterestedincareerspossiblyopentothem.

B>Childrenknowwhattheyaregoodatscienceorarts.

C^Childrenstarttomakeconstantcontactwithcareersofficers.

D^Childrenstarttobeconcernedwithwhatoccupationstheywillbeabletoobtain.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章第一段“theagewhentheybegintomakesubjectchoicesandwhen,

accordingtoacareersofficer,theyknowifthey'reascicntificlotormoreinclinedtothe

arts.”因此正確答案為A。

2、Theresultofthepresentstaffingarrangementsinschoolsis.

A、teacherscanconcentrateonteaching

B、schoolscanofferlittlehelpinfindingcareeropportunities

C>studentsarewellpreparedforwhateverjobstheywillget

D>studentsleaveschoolunqualified

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段“Schoolsarehandicappedbecausetheyarestaffedbypeople

whoonlyknowaboutschools.”故選B。

3、Accordingtothepassage,theyouthbecomecynicalbecause.

A、theyfeeltheyaremisledbycareersofficers

B、theycan'taccomplishinrealitytheirstrongdesirestobecomescientistsortodo

somethinggreat

C、whattheylearnatschoolisquitedifferentfromwhattheysecinsociety

D、theyaretreatedunfairlyinsociety

標準答案：B

知識點解析：“Careersservicesareheavilyinfluencedbywhatisreadilyavailableinthe

area,whichmaybesausage—making（香腸制造）inWiltshireofship-buildingin

Clydeside.Somewhereoutintheworldtherearesnail［蝸牛）geneticists（遺傳學

家）andlandscapegardenersandgirlswhopolishElizabethTaylor'sdiamonds,butthe

careersofficerknowslittleofthem.”此題關鍵讀出最后一句話的含義，故選B。

4、Accordingtotheauthor,somegirlsstarttoengageinagriculture.

A、becausetheythinktheycandowhatboyscando

R、becausetheyhavenootheralternatives

C^becausetherelienewcareeropportunities

D、becausethat'sexactlywhattheWomen,sLiberationMovementadvocates

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文中先點出“…asmallbreakthroughofgirls…Hkeagriculture…”接下來

又提及“despitewomen'sliberation"，說明雖然大部分年輕的婦女仍從事傳統(tǒng)性的婦

女職業(yè)，而這部分從事農業(yè)的年輕女子，很可能是在身體力行“Woman'sLiberation

Movement”的主張。

5、Asuitabletitleforthepassagemightbe.

A^TheGloomyJobSituationfortheYouth

B、TheDifficultiesinJobHuntingfortheYouth

C、TheDisabilityofCareersOfficers

D^TheFrictionbetweenAspirationsandReality

標準答案：B

知識點解析：縱觀全文可知，尤其是第二段的事例說明青年人在選擇工作方面的困

難。因此正確答案為民

CentralPark,emergingfromaperiodofabuseandneglect,remainsoneofthemost

popularattractionsinNewYorkCity,withhalfamillionout-of-townersamongthemore

than3millionpeoplewhovisittheparkyearly.About15millionindividualvisitsare

madeeachyear.Summeristheseasonforsoftball,concerts,andShakespeare;fallis

stunning;winteriswonderfulforsledding,skating,andskiing;andspring-timeisthe

loveliestofall.Itwasallplannedthatway.About130yearsagoFredericLawOlmsted

andhiscollaboratorCalvertVauxsubmittedtheirlandscapingplanforrectangularparcel

twomilesnorthofthetown'scenter.Thebarrenswampytract,homeforsquattersanda

bone-boilingworksthatmadeglue,wasreportedas"apestilentialspotwheremiasmic

odorstainteverybreathofair".Ittook16yearsforworkerswithpickaxesandshovelsto

move5millioncubicfeetofearthandrock,andtoplanthalfamilliontreesandshrubs,

makingatributetonature—aromanticnineteenth-centuryperceptionofnature.What

existstodayisessentiallyOlmstedandVaux'splan,withmoretrees,buildings,and

asphalt.LandscapearchitectsstillspeakreverentlyofOlmsted'sgeniusandforesight,and

thesensitivevisitorcanseetheeffectshesought.

6、Withwhatsubjectisthepassagemainlyconcerned?

A、ThelivesofOlmstedandVaux.

B、NewYorkCity'stouristindustry.

C、Examplesofnineteenth-centuryartinNewYorkCity.

D、ThedevelopmentofCentralPark.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本文主要兄述了中央公園的設計、建造和發(fā)展過程，D符合題意為正

確答案。A是Olmsted和Vaux的生平；B是紐約市的旅游業(yè)；C是紐約市十九世

紀藝術的典范。

7、Accordingtothepassage,whichistheprettiesttimeofyearinCentralPark?

A、Winter.

B、Spring.

C、Summer.

D、Fall.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：從文章第二段：”...andspringtimeistheloveliestofall”可知,春天是

中央公園一年中最美好的時候。故選B。

8、Itcanbeinferredthatthe"rectangularparcel"mentionedinPara.3is.

A、thesiteofCentralPark

B、thegiftpresentedtoNewYork

C、askyscraperinNewYork

D、theproposeddesignforCentralPark

標準答案：A

知識點解析：第三段首句：”...submittedtheirlandscapingplanfbrrectangularparcel

twomilesnorthofthetown'scenter”司知，rectangularparcel位于市中心以北兩英里

處，這里是他們設計建造中央公園的地點。因此說rectangularparcel就是中央公園

的位置所在。因此正確答案為A。

9、Accordingtothepassage,beforeOlmstedandVauxbegantheirwork,theareanow

occupiedbyCentralParkwas.

A、aromanticplace

B、aninfertile,marshyspace

C>agreenandhillypark

D、abaseballfield

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據(jù)第三段中：“Thebarrenswampytract...as'apestilentialspotwhere

miasmicodorstainteverybreathofair'”nJ知，這是一片荒涼潮濕的地帶，一些人在

那里擅自搭建房屋，還有一家用動物骨頭熬制膠水的工廠。據(jù)當時的報道，那片區(qū)

域是一個瘟疫肆虐、空氣腐臭的地帶。因此可以判斷，那里以前是一個貧瘠、潮濕

而又骯臟的地方。故選B。

10>Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattoday'slandscapearchitectspraiseOlmsted

forhis.

A、enthusiasmforsport

B、skillatdesigningfactories

C>concernforNewYork'shomelesspeople

D、foresightinanticipatingNewYork'surbanization

標準答案：D

知識點解析：從文章最后一段中：“Landscapearchitectsstillspeakreverentlyof

Olmsted'sgeniusandforesighC'nl知，環(huán)境美化專家們至今還滿懷敬意地談起

Olmsted的天才和預見能力，現(xiàn)在的紐約已不是130年前的紐約了，而中央公園歷

經(jīng)百年直到今日還吸引著大批的游客。這說明Olmsted對紐約的未來發(fā)展有著極為

準確而深遠的預見性。故選D。

Theoutsideworldbeginscreepingintotheschoolwhenthechildrenreachtheageof13

andolder,theagewhentheybegintomakesubjectchoicesandwhen,accordingtoa

careersofficer,theyknowifthey'reascientificlotormoreinclinedtothearts.The

difficultpartisbringingtheoutsideworldtolifewithallitsopportunitiesandrealities.

Schoolsarehandicappedbecausetheyarestaffedbypeoplewhoonlyknowabout

schools.Careersservicesareheavilyinfluencedbywhatisreadilyavailableinthearea,

whichmaybesausage-making（香腸制造）inWiltshireofship-buildinginClydeside.

Somewhereoutintheworldtherearcsnail（蝸牛）geneticists（遺傳學家）andlandscape

gardenersandgirlswhopolishElizabethTaylor'sdiamonds,butthecareersofficer

knowslittleofthem.Whatheknowsaboutisengineeringandhairdressingand

opportunitiesintheArmy.Itisnotsurprisingthatthisconstantfrictionbetweengrand

aspirations（抱負）anduninspiredrealityproducescynicism（玩世不恭,憤世嫉俗）in

bothparties.Wherevertheywork,sixteenandseventeen-year-oldscanfindthemselves

usedascheaplabor,pickingthingsupofffloors,fetchingandcarrying.Somearepaida

reasonablewagebutitisquitepossibletobepaidonlypocket-money.That'sinthe

living-injobslikehotelwork.Thereisasmallbreakthroughofgirlsintotraditionally

malepreserveslikeagriculture,butthatmaybebecauseveryfewboysnowwouldputup

withthelowwages.Mostgirls,despitewomen'sliberation,headstraightforhairdressing,

nursingorofficeworkanddreamofbeingsweptofftheirfeetbytheboss.

11、Inwhatsensedoestheauthorsaytheoutsideworldbegins"creepingintoschools"

whenchildrenfirstmakesubjectchoices?

A、Childrenbegintobecomeinterestedincareerspossiblyopentothem.

B、Childrenknowwhattheyaregoodatscienceorarts.

C、Childrenstarttomakeconstantcontactwithcareersofficers.

D^Childrenstarttobeconcernedwithwhatoccupationstheywillbeabletoobtain.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章第一段"theagewhentheybegintomakesubjectchoicesand

when，accordingtoacareersofficer,theyknowifthey'reascientificlotormore

inclinedtothearts.“因此正確答案為A。

12、Theresultofthepresentstaffingarrangementsinschoolsis.

A^teacherscanconcentrateonteaching

B>schoolscanofferlittlehelpinfindingcareeropportunities

C^studentsarewellpreparedforwhateverjobstheywillget

D^studentsleaveschoolunqualified

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段“Schoolsarehandicappedbecausetheyarestaffedbypeople

whoonlyknowaboutschools.”故選B。

13、Accordingtothepassage,theyouthbecomecynicalbecause.

A、theyfeeltheyaremisledbycareersofficers

B、theycan'taccomplishinrealitytheirstrongdesirestobecomescientistsortodo

somethinggreat

C、whattheylearnatschoolisquitedifferentfromwhattheyseeinsociety

D、theyaretreatedunfairlyinsociety

標準答案：B

知識點解析：“Careersservicesareheavilyinfluencedbywhatisreadilyavailableinthe

area,whichmaybesausage—making（香腸制造）inWihshireofship-buildingin

Clydeside.Somewhereoutintheworldtherearcsnail（蝸牛）geneticists（遺傳學家）and

landscapegardenersandgirlswhopolishElizabethTaylor'sdiamonds,butthecareers

officerknowslittleofthem.”此題關鍵讀出最后一司話的含義，故選B。

14、Accordingtotheauthor,somegirlsstarttoengageinagriculture.

A、becausetheythinktheycandowhatboyscando

B、becausetheyhavenootheralternatives

C>becausetherelienewcareeropportunities

D、becausethafsexactlywhattheWomen'sLiberationMovementadvocates

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文中先點出“…asmallbreakthroughofgirls...likeagriculture…”接下來

又提及“despitewomen'sliberation"，說明雖然大部分年輕的婦女仍從事傳統(tǒng)性的婦

女職'憶而這部分從事農業(yè)的年輕女子，很可能是在身體力行“Woman'sLiberation

Movement”的主張。

15、Asuitabletitlefbrthepassagemightbe.

A^TheGloomyJobSituationfortheYouth

B、TheDifficultiesinJobHuntingfortheYouth

C>TheDisabilityofCareersOfficers

D^TheFrictionBetweenAspirationsandReality

標準答案：B

知識點解析：縱觀全文可知，尤其是第二段的事例說明青年人在選擇工作方面的困

難。因此正確答案為瓦

Theaimoftheteacheristogethispupilsasquicklyaspossibleovertheperiodinwhich

eachprintedsymbolislookedatforitsshape,andarriveatthestagewhenthepupillooks

alwordsandphrases,fortheirmeaning,almostwithoutnoticingtheshapesofthe

separateletters.Whenagoodreaderisatwork,hedoesnotlookatletters,norevenat

words,onebyone,howeverquickly;hetakesinthemeaningoftwo,three,orfourwords

atatime,inasinglemoment.Watchcarefullytheeyesofapersonwhoisreading,andit

willbeseenthattheydonottravelsmoothlyalongthelinesofprint,buttheymoveby

jumpsseparatedbyveryshortstops.Theeyesofaverygoodreadermovequicklytaking

longjumpsandmakingveryshorthalts;theeyesofai〕oorreadermovemoreslowly,

takingonlyshortjumpsandsloppinglongeraleachhalt.Sometimes,whenhemeetsa

difficulty,heevengoesbackwardstoseeagainwhathasalreadybeenlookedatonce.

Theteacher'staskisthereforeclear:itistotrainhispupilstotakeinseveralwordsata

glance(one"eye-jump'^andtoremovethenecessityforgoingbackwardstoread

somethingasecondtime.Thisshowsatoncethatletter-by-letter,orsyllable-by-

syllableCs1^)orword-by-wordreading,withthefingerpointingtotheword,carefully

fixingeachoneinturn,iswrong.Itiswrongbecausesuchamethodtiesthepupil'seyes

downtoaveryshortjump,andtheaimistotrainforthelongjump.Moreover,avery

shortjumpistooshorttoprovideanymeaningorsense;anditwillbefoundthathaving

struggledwiththreeorfourwordsseparately,thepupilhastolookatthemagain,all

togetherandinonegroup,inordertogetthemeaningofthewholephrase.

16、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothefirstparagraph?

A、Pupilsshouldbetrainedtoreachquicklythestageofreadingwithouthavingto

concentrateonthesepararesymhok.

B、Pupilsshouldlookateachprintedsymbolforitsmeaningaswellasforitsshape.

C、Teachersshouldhelptheirpupilsavoidlookingattheshapeoftheprintedsymbols.

D、Teachersshouldtelltheirpupilsthedifferentstagesoftheirstudy.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章第一段最后一句話”...almoslwilhoulnoticingtheshapesofthe

separateletters”,與選項A一致。

17、Inasinglemoment,agoodreaderpicksup.

A、severalwords

B、severalphrases

C、severalsentences

D、severallines

標準答案：A

知識點解析:文章第二段中“hetakesinthemeaningoftwo,three,orfourwordsata

time,inasinglemoment'\cttakeinthemeaning”與題目中的"pickup”是同義，所以選

Ao

】8、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisFALSE?

A、Theeyesofagoodreadermakeshorthaltsandlongjumps.

B、Theeyesofabadreadertakeinthemeaningofonewordatatime.

C、Theeyesofabadreadertakeonlyshortjumps.

D、Theeyesofagoodreadermovesteadily.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章第二段中“Theeyesofaverygoodreadermovequicklytakinglong

jumpsandmakingveryshorthalts；theeyesofapoorreadermovemoreslowly,taking

onlyshortjumpsandstoppinglongerateachhalt.”可知選項D中的"movcstcadily”與

此句話意思相反。

19、Onemayhavetoreadsomethingasecondtimeif.

A>thereisenoughtime

B、onereadstoofast

C、thepassageisverylong

D、onereadswordbyword

標準答案：D

知識點解析：從第二段末尾“whenhemeetsadifficulty,heevengoesbackwardsto

seeagainwhathasalreadybeenlookedatonce."可知"gobackwardtoseeagain”與題目

中的“readsomethingasecondtime”意思一致。這就是“poorreader'’的表現(xiàn)，所以選

Do

20NThemainideaofthelastparagraphisthat.

A、word-by-wordreadingishighlyinefficient

B、thepupiTseyesshouldfbcusongroupsofsyllablesinsteadofsinglesyllables

C、pupilshavetomovetheireyesbackandforthwhenreading

D、finger-pointinginreadinghelpsthepupilconcentrateonmeaning

標準答案：A

知識點解析：從文章對兩種閱讀方法的比較及文章最后段落可知，文章主要是表明

逐字閱讀是非常低效的。故選A。

Manymammalslivethroughthewinterbyhibernating（冬眠）.Thereisaniceproblemof

definitionhere.Mostexpertsnowagreethatamammalcanbesaidtohibernateonlyif

bodytemperaturedropsgreatlyanditswholemetabolism—includingrespirationand

heartrate—ismuchreduced.Thisisthecasewithanimalslikethewoodchucks,

hamsters,andhedgehogs,whichhibernateintheirburrows,andbats,whichgatherin

caves.Bears,however,arenotclassedashibemators.Theypassmostofthewinter

sleeping,buttheirbodytemperaturedropsonlyafewdegrees,andtheycanbecome

activewithoutgoingthroughaslowprocessofwanningup.Bears,relyingonfatreserves

tokeepthemgoing,evenproducetheiryoungduringthisperiod.Mammalsarewarm-

blooded,thatis,theyhaveameansofkeepingthetemperatureoftheirbodiesquite

constantdespitethenormaltemperaturechangesoftheoutsideworld.Cold-blooded

animals,fish,reptiles,insects,amphibians,alsohaveacertainamountofcontrolover

theirbodytemperature.Theycanwarmup,iftheyaretoocold,bysunningthemselves,

orcooloffbygettingintotheshade.Butitishardforcold-bloodedanimalstokeepwarm

inthewinter.Foranyanimaltobeactive,itsbodytemperaturemustbeabovefreezing.

Thisisbecausethechemistryoflifedependsonwaterinaliquidstate.Ifthebody

actuallyfreezes,thewholesystemisdisruptedandtheanimaldies.Socold-blooded

animalsinthenorthmusteitherfindsomeplacetospendthewinterwheretemperatures

donotreachthefreezingpoints,ordevelopaspecialrestingstageinwhichthewaler

contentoftheprotoplasm（原生質）ismuchreduced.Thiswillmakeitsfreezingpoint

muchlowerthanusual.Thusanimalsabouttohibernateoftendigdownintothesoil.

21、Mostexpertsagreethattruehibernationinvolves.

A^sleepingthroughthewinter

B、reducedheartrateandtemperature

C、decreaseinwatercontentofthebody

D^spendingthewinterinburrowsorcaves

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一'段中"Mostexpertsnowagreethatamammalcanbesaidto

hibernateonlyifbodytemperaturedropsgreatlyanditswholemetabolism—including

respirationandheartrate—ismuchreduced.”其中涉及“bodytemperaturedrops

greatly"和"metabolism”與選項