2025年高考第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)（新高考ⅠⅠ卷 02）（全解全析）VIP

2025年高考第一次模擬考試（新高考II卷）02英語(yǔ)（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿(mǎn)分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1．Whydoesthemanhavetomissthepromotioneventtoday?A．Hemustgotowork.B．Theweatheriscold.C．Hehasalreadyhadanewjacket.【答案】A【原文】W:Doyoulikemyexpensive-lookingjacket?Ijustboughtityesterday.Theyarehavingasale.Itendstomorrow,though.M:Thatwouldbeperfect.Ineedanewjacketbecauseit’salreadysocold,butIhavetogototheofficetoday.2．WhichlanguagecanRobertspeakwell?A．Russian. B．German. C．French.【答案】C【原文】W:Robertisreallygoodatlanguages.HeisfluentinFrench,andnowhe’slearningGerman.M:HealsoknowsalittleRussian.AndIhearthatheevenwantstolearnChinese.3．WhydoesthewomanlikeNina’sparties?A．Thefoodisgood. B．There’salargegroupoffriends. C．Themusicisgreat.【答案】B【原文】M:Anothergreatparty.Ninahasgreattasteinmusic.Andherhousehassuchgreatatmosphere.W:Thefoodwasreallydelicious,too.ButIlookforwardtoherpartiesbecauseshealwaysinvitessuchalargegroupoffriends.4．Whydoesthemanspeaksoloudly?A．TheTVison. B．Peoplenearbyaretalking. C．Thewomanstandsfaraway.【答案】A【原文】W:IsitreallynecessarytospeaksoloudlywhenIamonlyacoupleoffeetaway?M:I’msorry.Ithoughtyouwouldn’tbeabletohearmewiththepeopletalkingonTV.5．Whyisthewomancomplaining?A．Thefishtastedbad. B．Shedidn’torderthefish, C．It’scoldintherestaurant.【答案】A【原文】M:Isthereanythingwrong,madam?W:Therecertainlyis.Thisfishisnotfittoeat.Tostartwith,it’sovercooked,andthenit’scold,too.M:I’msorryaboutthat.I’llhaveitchanged.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1．5分，滿(mǎn)分22．5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6．Whodidthemanmeetwhilewaitingforthewoman?A．Norman. B．MrPope. C．MrsPope.7．Whycan’tthemanhearthewomanclearly?A．Thereissomethingwrongwithhisears.B．Thewomanspeaksinalowvoice.C．Itistoonoisynearby.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】M：Oh,thereyouare.Whathaveyoubeendoing?W：I’vebeenshopping.M：ImetthePopes’son,Norman,whileIwaswaitingforyou.He’sjustcomebackfromFrance.W：Yes,Iknow.MrsPopetoldme.She’sveryproudofhim.ShesayshespeaksFrenchwell.M：Howlonghashebeenlearningit?W：I’mnotsure.M：Whatdidyousay?W：IsaidI’mnotsure.Ithinkhe’sbeenstudyingFrenchsincehewastwelve.M：Who’sbeenstudyingFrench?W：Normanhas.Haveyougonedeaforsomething?M：Ican’thearyou.Thenoiseofthetrafficisreallybad.W：Yes,itis.Goodness,I’mtired.I’vebeenwalkingroundtheshopsfornearlythreehours.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8．Whyisthemantakingeveningclasses?A．Topassthetime. B．Toprepareforanewjob. C．Toqualifyforhiscurrentjob.9．Whatisthemostimportantpartoftheeveningclassestotheman?A．Thecourseitself. B．Theteachers. C．Theclassmates.【答案】8．B9．A【原文】W:Hello.Whathaveyoubeenupto?M:Well,I’vestartedgoingtoeveningclassesthreetimesaweek.W:Eveningclasses?Howcanyoumanage?Youalreadyhavetoworkovertime.M:Well,youknowIdon’tlikemyjob,andI’vebeenlookingforanotherone,buteveryonewantstheHigherDiploma…soIdecidedtogetaHigherAccountingDiploma.W:Well,goodforyou!M:Actually,Iquiteenjoyit.Theotherpeopleinthecoursearereallyfriendly,andtheteachersareexcellent.ThemostimportantthingisthatIreallyfeelI’mbenefiting.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10．Whatisthewomanprobably?A．Anarchitect. B．Ateacher. C．Aneditor.11．WhatinspiredAndytopursuehiscareer?A．Hisdesiretodevelopattractivespaces.B．Hisaimofpromotinggreenerlifestyles.C．Hisfamilytraditioninthisfield.12．WhatismentionedasahighlightofAndy’scareer?A．Completingaprojectaheadofschedule.B．Workingonalandmarkbuilding.C．Startinghisownbusiness.13．WhatdoesAndyvaluemostaboutworkinginconstruction?A．Stayingupdatedontechnology.B．Keepingcuriousandcreative.C．Promotingteamwork.【答案】10．C11．A12．B13．A【原文】W:Okay,Ithinkeverything’sworking.Areyoureadytostar,Andy?M:Yes,I’mready.W:Great!Tobegin,couldyoushareabitaboutyourbackground?Ithinkourreaderswouldbeveryinterested.M:Certainly.IstudiedArchitecturalDesignatStanfordUniversityandgraduatedin1985.Afterthat,Iworkedwithawell-knownfirminNewYorkbeforestartingmyownpracticein2000.Overtheyears,I’vebeeninvolvedinvariousprojects,includingtheGreenBuildingindowntown.W:Thatsoundsimpressive!Whatmotivatedyoutogointoarchitecture?Doesanyoneinyourfamilyworkinthisindustry?M:Actuallyno.Mypassionfordesigningandcreatingfunctionalyetbeautifulspacesdrovemetothisfield.Iwasalwaysfascinatedbyhowarchitectureshapesourdailylives.W:Whatwouldyousayhavebeenthehighlightsofyourcareer?M:Themostnotableachievementhasdefinitelybeenbuildingalandmarkthathasbecomepartofthecity’sidentity.W:Lastly,whatdoyouthinkismostessentialforanarchitect?M:Keepingupwithtrendsoftechnology.Also,stayingcuriousandnetworkingareimportant.W:Thankyousomuchforyourtime.I’llmakesuretoincludeyourinsightsinmyarticle.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．HowmanylanguageshasDr.Green'snewbookbeentranslatedinto?A．5. B．13. C．30.15．WheredidtheSlowFoodMovementbegin?A．InFrance. B．InItaly. C．InGermany.16．WhatdidthestudyinBritainfindout?A．MorechildrenmakefriendsontheInternet.B．Morechildrenthinkfriendshipisimportant.C．Morechildrensaytheyhavenobestfriend.17．WhatisthemainideaDr.Greentriestoexpressinthetalk?A．Tobeslowmeanstofocusonquality.B．Friendshipshouldbedevelopedslowly.C．TheBritishsupporttheSlowMovement.【答案】14．C15．B16．C17．A【原文】W:Dr.Green,congratulationsonthesuccessofyournewbook!Welearnedthatithasbeentranslatedinto30languages—English,ofcourse,French,German,Japanese,Chinese,andsoon.M:Thanks,Helen.W:Well,couldyoutelluswhatthispopularbookisabout?M:It'scalledInPraiseofSlow.It'sabouttheriseoftheSlowMovement.W:WhatistheSlowMovement?M:Itisarevolutionagainsttheideathatfasterisalwaysbetter.WhenIsay“slow”,Idon'tmeandoingeverythingslowly.It'saboutdoingeverythingaswellaspossible,insteadofasfastaspossible.It'saboutqualityineverythingwedo.W:Whenandwherewasthis“slow”ideaborn?M:Itwasbornintheearly1990sinItaly.ItbeganastheSlowFoodMovement,whichcenteredonfood.Morerecently,“slow”hasbecomepopularworldwide.W:Havewereachedthepointoftryingtospeedupsomethingthatcannotreallybespedup?M:Ofcourse.TheInternetconnectsusinwonderfulways,butitalsoleadsusintotryingtohurryuprelationships.Soyoufindpeopleonlinesayingtheyhavemorethan4,000friends.Theveryideaoffriendshipisnotconsideredimportant.Andwemaybelosingtheabilitytomakefriends.InBritain,astudyfoundthatinthepasttenyears,thenumberofchildrenwhosaytheyhavenobestfriendrosefromunderoneineighttonearlyoneinfive!聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Whichcitywillprobablygettheheaviestrainduringthenextcycleofrain?A．HongKong. B．Shanghai. C．Guangzhou.19．Howlongwilltheweatherpatternprobablylast?A．Aroundaweek. B．Overonemonth. C．Aboutthreemonths.20．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Chairingameeting. B．Touringacity. C．Broadcastingaforecast.【答案】18．A19．B20．C【原文】W:Goodmorning,thisisSamanthafromTheWeatherService,yourfreeInternetweatherstationwithnewsaroundtheworldandaroundtheclock.YourpreferredcityisGuangzhou.InGuangzhouthisweek,weexpectmoreheavyrains,sinceweareonlyatthebeginningofJune.Maywasratherdry,butthestormsshouldpickupagainbeforetheweekend.HongKongisexpectedtogethithardestwiththisnextcycleofrain,buteverywheresouthofShanghaialongthecoastshouldseesomeamountofrainfall.Guangzhouwillgetaroundfourcentimetersoverthenextfivedays.Anotherbandofraincanbeseenontheradar,butit’stoofarsouthoverthesearightnow.Soit’shardtosaywhenitwillhitGuangzhou.ThisweatherpatternshouldcontinuethroughJuneandintoJuly,whentheheavyrainswillfinallymovetothenorthofChina.ThisisthelatestupdateforyourGuangzhouweather.Remember,youcancheckbackatTheWeatherServiceanytime—dayornight—togetupdatesonyourlocalweatherortheweatherinyourfavoritecity.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourbooksaboutkingsandqueensFromQueenCleopatratoKingCharlesⅢ,readuponthesefamousrulers.KingCharlesⅢbyAndreaMillsIllustratedbyJenniePoh(DK)Celebratethecoronation(加冕)ofKingCharlesIwiththisillustratedbook,whichtellsthestoryoftheKing’slife.Beginningwithhischildhood,itincludeslotsoffascinatingfactsandwillgetyoutoknowaboutwhatbeingKingmightreallybelike.Queens:3,000YearsoftheMostPowerfulWomeninHistorybyVictoriaCrossman(Scholastic)Beinspiredbystoriesofwomenrulersfromacrossthecenturies.Fullofbrilliantillustrations,thisbookfeatureslotsofqueens,includingCleopatra,QueenNannyofJamaicaandQueenElizabethⅡ.Itgiveslotsofrichdetailsoftheirlives—pets,homes,clothesandmuchmore.Arthur:TheAlwaysKingbyKevinCrossley-HollandIllustratedbyChrisRiddell(WalkerBooks)Discoverthestoriesofoneofthemostfamousrulers,inthecollectedlegends(傳說(shuō))ofKingArthur.Theseoldtalesofkings,queens,warriors,wizards,monstersandmagichavebeenretold,withlotsofbeautifulartworkfrombrilliantillustratorChrisRiddell.TheQueen’sWardrobebyJuliaGoldingIllustratedbyKateHindley(MacmillanChildren’s)ThislovelybooktellsthestoryofQueenElizabethⅡbyexploringherclothesandjewellery.Itintroducesustosplendidgowns(長(zhǎng)袍),herweddingdress,theCrownJewelsandhertrustyshoes.It’sanunusualandfunwaytolearnaboutourformerqueen’slife.21．WhowrotethebookKingCharlesⅢ?A．AndreaMills. B．JenniePoh.C．VictoriaCrossman. D．JuliaGolding.22．WhatisthemainfocusofArthur:TheAlwaysKing?A．ThelifeandruleofKingCharlesⅢ.B．ThecollectedlegendsofKingArthur.C．ThebeautifulartworksmadebyKingArthur.D．Thestoriesofpowerfulwomenrulersthroughouthistory.23．Whichbookshouldyoureadifyou’reinterestedintheclothingofQueenElizabethⅡ?A．KingCharlesⅢ.B．TheQueen’sWardrobe.C．Arthur:TheAlwaysKing.D．Queens:3,000YearsoftheMostPowerfulWomeninHistory.【答案】21．A22．B23．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本關(guān)于國(guó)王和女王的書(shū)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KingCharlesbyAndreaMills部分的內(nèi)容“KingCharlesⅢbyAndreaMills(查爾斯國(guó)王Ⅲ作者：安德里亞·米爾斯)”可知，KingCharlesⅢ的作者是AndreaMills。故選A項(xiàng)。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Arthur:TheAlwaysKingbyKevinCrossley-Holland部分的內(nèi)容“Discoverthestoriesofoneofthemostfamousrulers,inthecollectedlegends(傳說(shuō))ofKingArthur.(在亞瑟王的傳說(shuō)集錦中，探索一位最著名的統(tǒng)治者的故事。)”可知,Arthur:TheAlwaysKing的焦點(diǎn)是亞瑟王的傳說(shuō)集錦。故選B項(xiàng)。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheQueen’sWardrobebyJuliaGolding部分的內(nèi)容“byexploringherclothesandjewellery(通過(guò)探索她的衣服和珠寶)”以及“Itintroducesustosplendidgowns(長(zhǎng)袍),herweddingdress,theCrownJewelsandhertrustyshoes.(它向我們介紹了華麗的禮服，她的婚紗，皇冠上的珠寶和她值得信賴(lài)的鞋子。)”可知，朱莉婭·戈?duì)柖〉摹杜醯囊聶弧方榻B的是和女王的服飾相關(guān)，所以，如果你對(duì)伊麗莎白女王二世的服裝感興趣，可以看的是朱莉婭·戈?duì)柖〉摹杜醯囊聶弧?。故選B項(xiàng)。BItisannouncedthatyou,AlaskaAirlines,willceaseservicetoUnalaskathroughtheendof2024.ThisisaterriblewaytotreatyourloyalcustomersinUnalaska.AlaskaAirlines:Howcanyoujustifywalkingawayfromyourfederallycertifiedlistedroutetothisareaforanotherthreemonths?Localresidents,businesses,andtheseafoodindustryhavespenthundredsofmillionsofdollarsonyourticketsoverthepastseveralyears.Forthepastmonths,Unalaskanshavebeenleftwithnoscheduledairservice,leavinguslocalshavingtoorganizeexpensiveflightsorhavingtocancelmedicaltripsandvacations.WithairservicenowtransferredfromtheSaab2000(一種客機(jī)機(jī)型)toRavn8,Unalaskanswillbeburdenedwithahigherticketprice—estimatedat$1,250—$1,300foraround-tripticketjusttoAnchorage.TheSaab2000takestwohourstoAnchoragewhiletheRavn8haslimitedcapacity,requiresmid-routerefueling,andbaggagewillbelimitedtoonebag.AndbecausetheUnalaskaairportoperatesonlyindaylight,wecanexpectflightstobeturnedbackduetolateafternoondeparturesfromAnchorage.Inconclusion,manyofuswillbewritingalettertotheeditorfortheAnchoragepaper,theregionalpapers,andtoAlaskaAirwebpagefeedbacksection.WeareurgingourlocallyelectedofficialstogetintouchwiththeAlaskadelegationinWashington,DC:Sen.Murkowski,Rep.YoungandSen.Sullivantoaskthattheygetinvolvedwiththisissue,aswellasGovernorDunleavy.ThroughouttheyearsyouAlaskaAirlineshavebeenverysupportivetotheresidents,localnon-profitsandcommunitiesacrossAlaskawithtravelissuesandwegreatlyappreciatethat.Icanonlyhopethatyouwilldotherightthingandreevaluateyourdecisiononthisissue.24.What'sthepossibleresultofAlaskaAirlines'ceasingservice?A.Lifeinconvenience.B.EstablishmentofanewAirline.C.TrustlossinAlaskaAirlines.D.Shutdownofthelocalfoodindustry.25.WhatmightbeanadvantageoftheSaab2000?A.Alowerticketprice.B.Unlimitedcapacity.C.Mid-routerefueling.D.Comfortableseats.26.WhatwillthepeopleofUnalaskadonext?A.Urginganewlocalofficialelection.B.ContactingAlaskadelegationdirectly.C.Reevaluatingtheirdecisiononthisissue.D.Expressingtheirrequestviamassmedia.27.Whomightbethewriter?A.AvisitortoUnalaska.B.AjournalistofWashingtonPost.C.AUnalaskaresident.D.AnemployeeofAlaskaAirlines答案24A25A26D27C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇投訴信，內(nèi)容是關(guān)于航空公司撤銷(xiāo)航線給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駧?lái)不便。24.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段最后一句leavinguslocalshavingtoorganizeexpensiveflightsorhavingtocancelmedicaltripsandvacations可以看出人們生活的不便。C原文未提及。25.A推理題。從第三段第一句...transferredfromtheSaab2000toRavn8,Unalaskanswillbeburdenedwithahigherticketprice可推知Saab2000的價(jià)格要相對(duì)低一些。D原文未提及，BC是Ravn8的特點(diǎn)。26.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第二段可以找到答案！27.C推理題。從第一段的“you,AlaskaAirlines”和第二段最后一句...leavinguslocalshavingtoorganize...以及倒數(shù)第二段“We’reurgingourlocallyelectedofficials”可以推出答案。CScientistshaveshownhowplantscanprotectthemselvesagainstgenetic(基因的)damagecausedbyenvironmentalstresses.Thegrowingtipsofplantrootsandshootshaveanin-builtmechanism(機(jī)制)thatspellscelldeathifDNAdamageisdetected,avoidingpassingonfaultyDNA．Plantshavesmallpopulationsofstemcells(干細(xì)胞)atthetipsoftheirrootsandshoots,whichenablethemtocontinuouslygrowandproducenewtissuesthroughouttheirlifetime.Thesestemcellsserveasancestorsforplanttissuesandorgans.However,anygeneticfaultspresentinthestemcellswillcontinuetoexistandbepassedonpermanentlythroughouttheplant’slife,whichcouldlastthousandsofyears.Giventhecriticalroleofstemcellsandtheirexposuretopotentiallydangerousenvironmentsatthegrowingtipsofrootsandshoots,safeguardsarenecessarytopreventstemcellfaultsfrombecomingfixed.ResearchersNickFulcherandRobertSablowski,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,aimedtouncovertheseprotectivemechanisms.ThroughexperimentsinvolvingX-raysandchemicals,theydiscoveredthatstemcellsweremoresensitivetoDNAdamagecomparedtoothercells.WhenDNAdamageoccurs,thecellshavethecapacitytodetectitandcauseprogrammedcellstodie,preventingthepropagationofthedamagedgeneticcodetotherestoftheplanttissues.Thisprocesshassimilaritiestothesafeguardmechanismfoundinanimalcells,whichhasbeenbroadlystudiedduetoitsrelevanceinpreventingcancer.Theidentificationofasimilarprotectivesysteminplantsisofgreatinterestinthefieldofplantdevelopment.Italsohelpsscientistsdevelopplantsthatcanbetterhandleenvironmentalstress.Soknowledgeofhowplantsdealwiththesestressesisoffundamentalsignificancetoagriculturalscience’sresponsetoclimatechange.28．Whatisthefunctionofthein-builtmechanisminplants?A．Toproducemorerootsandshoots. B．Toincreasetheoveralllifetimeoftheplant.C．Toenhanceplantgrowthandnutrientintake. D．Tostopgeneticfaultsinstemcellspassingon.29．Whatcanweknowaboutstemcellsinplantsaccordingtothetext?A．Theyarerelativelyabundantinquantity. B．Theyareresistanttoenvironmentalstresses.C．TheymakequickresponsetoDNAdamage. D．TheyhavetheabilitytorepairdamagedDNA．30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propagation”inparagraph4mean?A．Spread. B．Change. C．Existence. D．Self-repair.31．Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A．Thewayofdealingwithclimatechangeontheearth.B．Thesignificanceofidentifyingtheprotectivesysteminplants.C．Themethodofensuringplantsurvivalunderenvironmentalstress.D．Theurgencyofdevelopingplantsthatcanhandleenvironmentalstress.【答案】28．D29．C30．A31．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)展示了植物如何保護(hù)自己免受環(huán)境壓力造成的遺傳損害，即植物擁有內(nèi)建機(jī)制，來(lái)阻止干細(xì)胞中的基因缺陷遺傳下去。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thegrowingtipsofplantrootsandshootshaveanin-builtmechanism(機(jī)制)thatspellscelldeathifDNAdamageisdetected,avoidingpassingonfaultyDNA.(植物的根和芽的生長(zhǎng)尖端有一個(gè)內(nèi)置的機(jī)制，如果檢測(cè)到DNA損傷，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞死亡，從而避免將有缺陷的DNA傳遞給下一代)”可知，植物內(nèi)建機(jī)制的功能是阻止干細(xì)胞中的基因缺陷遺傳下去。故選D。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThroughexperimentsinvolvingX-raysandchemicals,theydiscoveredthatstemcellsweremoresensitivetoDNAdamagecomparedtoothercells.(通過(guò)涉及x射線和化學(xué)物質(zhì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)干細(xì)胞比其他細(xì)胞對(duì)DNA損傷更敏感)”可知，植物中的干細(xì)胞對(duì)DNA損傷做出快速反應(yīng)。故選C。30．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“WhenDNAdamageoccurs,thecellshavethecapacitytodetectitandcauseprogrammedcellstodie,preventingthe”以及后文“ofthedamagedgeneticcodetotherestoftheplanttissues”可知，當(dāng)DNA受損時(shí)，細(xì)胞有能力檢測(cè)到它，并導(dǎo)致程序化細(xì)胞死亡，防止受損的遺傳密碼傳播到植物組織的其他部分。故劃線詞意思是“傳播”。故選A。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theidentificationofasimilarprotectivesysteminplantsisofgreatinterestinthefieldofplantdevelopment.Italsohelpsscientistsdevelopplantsthatcanbetterhandleenvironmentalstress.Soknowledgeofhowplantsdealwiththesestressesisoffundamentalsignificancetoagriculturalscience’sresponsetoclimatechange.(在植物中發(fā)現(xiàn)類(lèi)似的保護(hù)系統(tǒng)在植物發(fā)育領(lǐng)域具有重要意義。它還幫助科學(xué)家培育出能夠更好地應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境壓力的植物。因此，了解植物如何應(yīng)對(duì)這些壓力對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化具有重要意義)”可知，最后一段的重點(diǎn)是識(shí)別植物保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的意義。故選B。DIn1990,GibsonandBruceSterling’sTheDifferenceEngineimaginedanalternativehistorywherecomputerswerebuiltacenturyearlierwithgears(齒輪),helpingpopularizesteampunk,astyleofblendingoldandnewtechnologies.Howbreathtakingwhentechnologycouldbeconstructedfromthepast’sparts!Butwhatiftheworldtrulyworkedthisway?Isdigitalperfectiontoomuchtrustworthy?Itmightbebettertoseeitnotasaglimpseintothefuture,butasalegacyfromthepast,withalltheproblemshandeddown.InJanuary2023,thegroundingofU.S.planescauseddelaysandlosseswhentheoutdatedNOTAMsystemfrom1920failed.Inasteampunk-inspiredDoctorWhoepisode,heroesdiscovertheengineofaspaceshipisfuturisticbyappearancebutatortured,whale-likecreature,drivenlikeahorseunderthewhip.Thosewhogrowcuriousfacesocialpressure,punishment,anddistractionstobekeptignorant.SteampunktalesrevisitVictorianpowerstructuresoftheauthorities,wherebossespromiseabrightfuturewhilehidingthesufferingthatfuelsit.Theseelementsprovokereflectionontoday’sworld:Whotrulylaborsbehindthescenes?Aretheylivingthebrightfuturepromisedtoothers?Steampunkmachines,bothextraordinaryandromantic,oftenstirupsadnessastheirpartswearout,demandingconstantattentiontofunction.InPushingIce,researcherslandonanalienspaceship,onlytobetrappedasitacceleratesintodeepspace.Withnochoice,theyconstructachainofgearstocontrolitsenergy,inspectingeverygeardaily;evenasinglemalfunctioncouldleadtodeath.Ultimately,itishumans—weak,imperfect,tendingtoagingmachines—thatsustainus.Thissteampunk-likeviewoftechnology,blendingoldandnew,isparticularlyrelevanttoday,whenmoderntechnologiesoftendistractusfromtheirinnerworkings.JustaswereceiveinstantAmazonorders,wemaysoondependonAI,focusingonresultswithoutquestioningtheprocess.Therisksofthisrelationshiptotechnologyareself-evident.Yetit’snotsohardtoadjust,imaginingaforestofgearsturning,wonderingiftheyfit.It’salllessperfectthanitseems.32．WhatdoestheNOTAMsystemillustrate?A．Aproofoftrustworthydigitalperfection.B．Aperfectmixofoldandnewtechnologies.C．Anecessityofabreathtakingglimpseintofuture.D．Adisplayofafuture-likeyetproblematicheritage.33．Whatistypicalofsteampunkstories?A．TheydrawonVictoriansociety.B．Theyarestarredbythecruelbosses.C．Theyarefueledbyapromisingfuture.D．Theythinkhighlyofbehind-the-scenelabors.34．Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A．Bypresentingfacts.B．Byanalyzingreasons.C．Bylistingexamples.D．Byfollowingtimeorder.35．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ThePerfectMachine:AVictoryFantasyB．ImperfectProgress:ASteampunkInsightC．Unfailingornot?MachinesofTomorrowD．Perfectornot?TheSteampunkRevolution【答案】32．D33．A34．C35．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了蒸汽朋克，一種融合新舊技術(shù)的風(fēng)格，它既有重要性也有不完美性。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itmightbebettertoseeitnotasaglimpseintothefuture,butasalegacyfromthepast,withalltheproblemshandeddown.(最好不要把它看作是對(duì)未來(lái)的一瞥，而是把它看作是過(guò)去遺留下來(lái)的問(wèn)題。)”可知，NOTAM系統(tǒng)展示了一個(gè)類(lèi)似未來(lái)但存在問(wèn)題的遺產(chǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“SteampunktalesrevisitVictorianpowerstructuresoftheauthorities,wherebossespromiseabrightfuturewhilehidingthesufferingthatfuelsit.(蒸汽朋克的故事重溫了維多利亞時(shí)代的權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)，在那里，老板們承諾一個(gè)光明的未來(lái)，同時(shí)隱藏著推動(dòng)未來(lái)的痛苦。)”可知，典型的蒸汽朋克故事是他們借鑒了維多利亞時(shí)代的社會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“InJanuary2023,thegroundingofU.S.planescauseddelaysandlosseswhentheoutdatedNOTAMsystemfrom1920failed.(2023年1月，由于1920年過(guò)時(shí)的NOTAM系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障，美國(guó)飛機(jī)停飛，造成延誤和損失。)”和第三段“Inasteampunk-inspired DoctorWho episode,heroesdiscovertheengineofaspaceshipisfuturisticbyappearancebutatortured,whale-likecreature,drivenlikeahorseunderthewhip.(在這部蒸汽朋克風(fēng)格的《神秘博士》中，英雄們發(fā)現(xiàn)一艘宇宙飛船的引擎從外觀上看是未來(lái)派的，但實(shí)際上是一個(gè)像鯨魚(yú)一樣的生物，像鞭子下的馬一樣被驅(qū)趕著。)”和第四段“InPushingIce,researcherslandonanalienspaceship,onlytobetrappedasitacceleratesintodeepspace.(在《推冰》中，研究人員登上了一艘外星飛船，卻在飛船加速進(jìn)入深空時(shí)被困住了。)”可知，這篇文章主要通過(guò)列舉例子來(lái)展開(kāi)的。故選C項(xiàng)。35．主旨大意題。分析全文內(nèi)容再根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thissteampunk-likeviewoftechnology,blendingoldandnew,isparticularlyrelevanttoday,whenmoderntechnologiesoftendistractusfromtheirinnerworkings.(這種蒸汽朋克式的科技觀融合了舊與新，在現(xiàn)代科技經(jīng)常分散我們對(duì)其內(nèi)部工作原理的注意力的今天尤為重要。)”和“Yetit’snotsohardtoadjust,imaginingaforestofgearsturning,wonderingiftheyfit.It’salllessperfectthanitseems.(然而，調(diào)整起來(lái)并不難，想象一個(gè)齒輪森林在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，想知道它們是否合適。一切都沒(méi)有看起來(lái)那么完美。)”可知，文章主要介紹了蒸汽朋克，一種融合新舊技，它既有重要性也有不完美性，所以C選項(xiàng)“不完美的進(jìn)步：蒸汽朋克的見(jiàn)解”適合用作文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wildlifedocumentariesareknownforofferingbreathtakingimagesofanimalsintheirnaturalhabitats.Youmightbethinkingthattheseshowsofferatotallyrealportrayal(插繪)oftheseanimals—anobjectivewindowintotheirlivesastheyhunt,restandraisetheiryoung.36Whiletheimagesweseearefilmedonlocation,manyofthesoundsarerecordedinasoundstudioandaddedtotheprogramslaterbyhuman“Foleyartists(擬音師)”.37Usually,documentaryfilmmakerscanfilmtheirsubjectsfromagreatdistance,buttheytypicallycan’tgetcloseenoughtocaptureclearsoundswithoutdisturbingtheanimals.38Therewillprobablybebackgroundnoisessuchascrewmemberschattingorwalkingaroundifsoundsarerecordedonlocation.Inothercases,theanimalsmightmakesoundsofafrequencyorvolumethatmostmicrophonessimplycan’tcaptureclearly.“Foleyartists”willuseavarietyoftoolstosimulate(模擬)thesoundsmadebyanimals.Andmostofthemwillcreatetheclose—upsoundsofanimalschewingoryawningwiththeirownmouths.Thesesoundsarecreatedastheartistwatchesthevideos,makingsuretheyperfectlymatchtheactionsthey’repairedwith.39Animalcries—whicharefartoocomplextobesimulated—willhavetobetakenfromlibraryrecordings.Watching“Foleyartists”atworkonwildlifeprojectsgivesmeathrillliketheonewegetwhenweseehowamagictrickisdone.40Soundshavetheabilitytoaffecthowweunderstandagivenspecies.Thewaycertainanimalsareportrayedinpopularmediamayaffectsupportforconservationefforts.A．Butthisisn’tquitethecase.B．Therearesomeexceptions,though.C．TheFoleyprocessinvolvesalargeteam.D．“Foleyartists”arecreativeandresourceful.E．Wildlifedocumentariesalsotendtorequirelargecrews.F．Admittedly,thesignificanceofthetechniquegoesfurther.G．Thisisanunavoidableoutcomeofmodernwildlifefilmmaking【答案】36．A37．G38．E39．B40．F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了野生動(dòng)物紀(jì)錄片制作過(guò)程中聲音錄制的技術(shù)細(xì)節(jié)，特別是擬音師的工作，以及這些技術(shù)手段對(duì)觀眾理解動(dòng)物行為和保護(hù)工作的影響。36．上文“Wildlifedocumentariesareknownforofferingbreathtakingimagesofanimalsintheirnaturalhabitats.Youmightbethinkingthattheseshowsofferatotallyrealportrayaloftheseanimals—anobjectivewindowintotheirlivesastheyhunt,restandraisetheiryoung.(野生動(dòng)物紀(jì)錄片以其展示動(dòng)物在自然棲息地的令人驚嘆的畫(huà)面而聞名。你可能認(rèn)為這些節(jié)目提供了這些動(dòng)物生活的完全真實(shí)的描繪——一個(gè)觀察它們狩獵、休息和撫養(yǎng)幼崽的客觀窗口)”指出人們認(rèn)為野生動(dòng)物紀(jì)錄片中畫(huà)面和聲音是同時(shí)錄制的，下文“Whiletheimagesweseearefilmedonlocation,manyofthesoundsarerecordedinasoundstudioandaddedtotheprogramslaterbyhuman“Foleyartists”.(然而，我們看到的圖像是在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)拍攝的，但許多聲音是在錄音室錄制的，并由人類(lèi)“擬音師”稍后添加到節(jié)目中)”表明雖然圖像在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)拍攝，但聲音的情況有所不同，A項(xiàng)“但這并不是完全如此?！迸c上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。37．上文“Whiletheimagesweseearefilmedonlocation,manyofthesoundsarerecordedinasoundstudioandaddedtotheprogramslaterbyhuman“Foleyartists”.(然而，我們看到的圖像是在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)拍攝的，但許多聲音是在錄音室錄制的，并由人類(lèi)“擬音師”稍后添加到節(jié)目中)”表明圖像和聲音不是同時(shí)錄制的，下文“Usually,documentaryfilmmakerscanfilmtheirsubjectsfromagreatdistance,buttheytypicallycan’tgetcloseenoughtocaptureclearsoundswithoutdisturbingtheanimals.(通常情況下，紀(jì)錄片制片人可以從很遠(yuǎn)的距離拍攝他們的拍攝對(duì)象，但他們通常無(wú)法足夠接近以捕捉清晰的聲音而不打擾動(dòng)物)”解釋圖像和聲音不能同時(shí)錄制的原因，G項(xiàng)“這是現(xiàn)代野生動(dòng)物電影制作不可避免的結(jié)果?！背猩蠁⑾拢险Z(yǔ)境，This指代上文內(nèi)容。故選G項(xiàng)。38．下文“Therewillprobablybebackgroundnoisessuchascrewmemberschattingorwalkingaroundifsoundsarerecordedonlocation.(如果在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)錄制聲音，背景可能會(huì)有工作人員聊天或走動(dòng)的聲音)