CareerExpressEnglish職通英語(yǔ)122課件

CareerExpressEnglish職通英語(yǔ)1SectionILeadinginInteractionSectionIIReadingInteractionSectionIIIPracticingInteractionSectionIVCommunicatingInteractionSectionVAmusement

Bank

Restaurant

Supermarket

HotelPostOffice

Hospital

CenterPark

BookShop

School

NationalStadium

ShoppingMall

Bank

Restaurant

Supermarket

HotelPostOffice

Hospital

CenterPark

BookShop

School

NationalStadium

ShoppingMallTask1PronunciationPracticeReadthesentencesaloud.1.Excuseme.Isthereabanknearhere?2.Yes,thereisabankonthecorner.3.Gostraightaheadonthisstreetuntilthethirdtrafficlight.4.TakealeftturningatthestopsignontoMainAvenue.5.Thebankisjustoppositethesupermarket.6.You’llseethebankonyourright.Task2GroupDiscussion

Lookatthepicturesanddiscussthequestions.Keys:GroupDiscussion1.WherecanIgetamap?2.HowdoyoudeterminedirectionstoNorth,South,East,andWestonamap?3.Whatsignsdoyouoftenseeonstreets?4.Whattrafficsignsdoyouknow?5.Whomdoyouusuallyaskfordirections?6.Howdoyougivedirectionstoothers?Youcangetamapfromabookstore/apostoffice/theInternet.Onamap,theupsideisNorth,thedownsideisSouth,theleftsideisWest,andtherightsideisEast.Ioftenseetrafficsignsandroadsigns.Streetsigns,trafficroutesigns,expresswaysigns,freewaysigns,etc.Iusuallyaskpoliceofficers/taxidrivers/localpeoplefordirections.Ishowthemtotheplaceifpossible./Ishowthemonthemap.

Askingfordirectionsisimportant,butit’salsoeasytobecomeconfusedwhenlisteningtosomeonegivingdirections.Thisistrueeveninyourownnative

language,soyoucanimagine

howimportantitistopaycarefulattentionwhenlisteningtosomeoneprovidingdirectionsinEnglish.Hereareafewsuggestionsandtipstohelpyourememberthedirectionsassomeonegivesthemtoyou.Firstofall,we’lltakealookatsomeofthekeyphrasesthatwouldcomeupasyoutrytofndyourwaytovariousdifferentplaces.“Turnright”or“turnleft”isasimplewayoftellingpeopleinwhichdirectiontheyshouldgo.Youcouldalsosay“takealeft”or“takealeftturn”.Andifyouwanttodescribethepositionofaparticularplaceinrelationtothepersonyoucansayit’s“onyourright”,or“onyourleft”.UnderstandingDirections123

Onethingthatcanbeconfusingwhenitcomestodirectionsistheuseoftheword“right”,whichisusedinthreedifferentwaysasfollows.“Goright”meansthesameas“turnright”or“takearight”.However,“Gorightupthere”couldbeinterpreted

intwodifferentwaysandevenanativeEnglishspeakercouldgetconfusedhere.Themancouldhavemeant“turnright”,orhecouldhavemeant“goallthewayupthere”.Wesaythingslike“gorighttotheendoftheroad”tomean“goallthewaytotheendoftheroad”,whichisverydifferentfrom“takingarightturn”.Aclue

isoftenintheprepositions.Ifyou’retellingsomeonetoturn,itoftencomeswiththepreposition“at”,forexample,“Gorightatthemainroad”.Whereas

thepreposition“up”—“Gorightupthemainroad”—tendstomeangoallthewayupthemainroad.Ifyou’renotsure,justask.Sothat’stwodifferentusesof“right”.Whataboutthethird“CoventGardenwilljustberightinfrontofyou?”Hecouldalsohavesaid“CoventGardenwillbedirectlyinfrontofyou”or“immediatelyinfrontofyou”—it’snotfaraway.“Rightinfrontofyou”means“it’snotfaraway”.5674

In

addition,youmayalsonoticethatsomequestionsarenotaskedinthestandardquestionform(i.e.,WheredoIgo?),butthatpoliteformsareused(indirectquestions,i.e.,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.).Thesequestionsareoftenlongerandareusedinordertobepolite.Themeaningdoesnotchange,onlythestructureofthequestionhaschanged(Wheredoyoucomefrom=Wouldyoumindtellingmewhereyoucomefrom?).Nowweknowhowtounderstanddirections.DokeeppracticingyourEnglishandyou’llenjoyyourlifeinanewplace.8Exercise910BACKAskingfordirectionsisimportant,butit’salsoeasytobecomeconfusedwhenlisteningtosomeonegivingdirections.譯

文：?jiǎn)柭饭倘恢匾?，但?tīng)懂別人指路所說(shuō)的話也很容易困惑。分

析：本句中it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式tobecomeconfused。作為形式主語(yǔ)的it并無(wú)實(shí)際語(yǔ)義，只是為滿足語(yǔ)法上的需要，避免句子頭重腳輕，它代替的是句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)。除不定式外，從句和名詞短語(yǔ)也可以是句子的邏輯主語(yǔ)。又如：

Itrequireseffortstomasteraforeignlanguage.

掌握一門外語(yǔ)需要種種努力。

It’scommonforleavestofallfromthetreesinthefall.

秋天樹(shù)葉從樹(shù)上落下是常見(jiàn)的。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：

confused

adj.糊涂的，迷亂的，困惑的

confusing

adj.令人困惑的，混淆的，混亂的e.g.TheyaskedsomanyquestionsthatIgotconfused.

他們問(wèn)了那么多問(wèn)題，都把我弄糊涂了。

Someadvertisingcanbeconfusingormisleading.

一些廣告是令人困惑的或誤導(dǎo)人的。Firstofall,we’lltakealookatsomeofthekeyphrasesthatwouldcomeup

asyoutrytofindyourwaytovariousdifferentplaces.譯

文：首先，我們來(lái)看看你在問(wèn)路時(shí)可能會(huì)聽(tīng)到的一些關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。分

析：As引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。此句中as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)修飾that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾thekeyphrases。

As引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的例子又如：

Asweweredancing,astrangercamein.

當(dāng)我們跳舞時(shí)，一位陌生人走了進(jìn)來(lái)。

Asyearsgoby,Chinaisgettingstrongerandricher.

一年一年過(guò)去，中國(guó)變得越來(lái)越富強(qiáng)了。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：1.comeup

走近，提出來(lái)，出現(xiàn)（問(wèn)題、建議等）e.g.Whileweweretalking,amancameup.

我們正在談話時(shí),一個(gè)人走了過(guò)來(lái)。

Theprojectcameupintheirconversation.

他們?cè)谡勗捴刑岬搅诉@項(xiàng)工程。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：2.various

adj.不同的，各種各樣的，多方面的，多樣的e.g.Thesubjectmaybeviewedinvariousways.

這個(gè)主題可以從不同的方面加以考慮。

Theproductswesellaremanyandvarious.

我們出售的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量大且種類繁多。BACKBACKAndifyouwanttodescribethepositionofaparticularplaceinrelationtothepersonyoucansayit’s“onyourright”,or“onyourleft”.譯

文：如果你想說(shuō)明某個(gè)地方與那個(gè)人的相對(duì)位置，你可以說(shuō)“在你的右邊”或“在你的左邊”。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：1.particular

adj.特定的，某一的e.g.ShehasaparticularpreferenceforChineseart.

她對(duì)中國(guó)藝術(shù)有特別的愛(ài)好。

Wewillmakeanexceptioninthisparticularcase.

我們將把這個(gè)例子當(dāng)做例外。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：2.inrelationto

與?有關(guān)e.g.Ihavealottosayinrelationtothataffair.

關(guān)于那件事,我有很多話要講。

Inrelationtoyourmemoyesterday,wewillhaveashortmeetingwithallemployees.

針對(duì)你昨天傳達(dá)的內(nèi)部通知，我們要與所有員工開(kāi)個(gè)短會(huì)。Onethingthatcanbeconfusingwhenitcomestodirectionsistheuseoftheword“right”,whichisusedinthreedifferentwaysasfollows.譯

文：說(shuō)到指路有一點(diǎn)很容易弄錯(cuò)，那就是“right”一詞的用法。這個(gè)詞有如下三種用法。分

析：這是一個(gè)比較復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句，主句Onething...istheuseof...That和

which引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，分別修飾thing和right。Which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面的名詞right。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，前面要用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。又如：

Thesunheatstheearth,whichmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.

太陽(yáng)溫暖大地，使植物生長(zhǎng)成為可能。

Theoldmanhasason,whoisinthearmy.

那位老人有一個(gè)在部隊(duì)服役的兒子。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：

asfollows

如下，如下所示e.g.Thefunctionsmaybebroadlyclassifiedasfollows.

這些功能大致分類如下。

Wemaythensummarizethesituationasfollows.

于是我們可將情況歸納如下。BACKBACK5....evenanativeEnglishspeakercouldgetconfusedhere.譯

文：

…甚至一個(gè)母語(yǔ)為英語(yǔ)的人也可能會(huì)弄錯(cuò)。分

析：

Could為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的過(guò)去式，它既可以用作過(guò)去式，也可以表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣，并不指過(guò)去的時(shí)間。又如：

Icouldbewrong.Couldyoucomeoverhere?

也許我錯(cuò)了。你能到這邊來(lái)嗎？

Hecouldbeverypleasantwhenhewantedto.

只要愿意，他會(huì)非常友好。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：

native

adj.

本國(guó)的，當(dāng)?shù)兀ㄈ耍┑膃.g.Attheendoftheyearsomepeoplewillgobacktotheirnativehomes.

年終時(shí)，有些人要回故鄉(xiāng)去。

Ourbestmanwassenttodealwiththenativeleaders.

我們最能干的人被派去和當(dāng)?shù)厥最I(lǐng)打交道。BACK6.Ifyou’retellingsomeonetoturn,itoftencomeswiththepreposition“at”.譯

文：如果你告訴別人要轉(zhuǎn)彎，通常就會(huì)用到介詞“at”。分

析：

Bedoingsomething可表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這種結(jié)構(gòu)僅用于一部分動(dòng)詞，比如某些瞬間動(dòng)詞和表示移動(dòng)或方向的詞。又如：

Theplaneistakingoffat10:00a.m.

飛機(jī)將在上午十點(diǎn)起飛。

I’mleavingforBeijingtomorrowmorning.

我明天早上就要前往北京。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：

come

with

伴隨?發(fā)生；與?一起出現(xiàn)e.g.Frenchfriescomewiththehamburger.

炸薯?xiàng)l與漢堡一起出售。

Wisdomdoesn’tnecessarilycomewithage.

智慧不一定伴隨年齡增長(zhǎng)。BACKWhereasthepreposition“up”—“Gorightupthemainroad”—tendstomeangoallthewayupthemainroad.譯

文：然而，若用介詞“up（沿著）”——“Gorightupthemainroad（一直沿著主干道走）”——含義常常是順著主干道一直走下去。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：

1.whereas

conj.然而，反之，鑒于，盡管，但是e.g.Whereas,redflowers,orangeflowersandyellowflowerscanprotectthemselvesfromsunlight.

反之，紅色花、橙色花、黃色花卻能保護(hù)自身免受陽(yáng)光侵害。

Somepraisehim,whereasotherscondemnhim.

有些人贊揚(yáng)他，而有些人譴責(zé)他。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：

2.tendto

常常，有?的傾向e.g.Noweconomicstendtobecomplexandglobal.

現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)濟(jì)都趨向復(fù)合型和全球化。

Youtendtogivemorethantakeinrelationships.

在人際關(guān)系中，你往往付出多于索取。BACKInaddition,youmayalsonoticethatsomequestionsarenotaskedinthestandardquestionform,butthatpoliteformsareused.譯

文：此外，你可能也會(huì)注意到有些問(wèn)題的問(wèn)法不是用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提問(wèn)方式，而是用更加客氣禮貌的方式。分

析：本句中，arenotasked和areused均為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)分別是somequestions和politeforms。又如：

Anotewaspasseduptothespeaker.

有人給講演者遞來(lái)一張紙條。

Heisregardedasbrilliant.

人們認(rèn)為他很有才華。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：inaddition

另外，此外，除此之外e.g.Inaddition,earlyrisingisalsogoodtoourhealth.

再者，早起對(duì)我們的健康也有益處。

Inaddition,thereistheexerciseofbasicmovements.

此外，還有基本功動(dòng)作練習(xí)。BACK9.Themeaningdoesnotchange,onlythestructureofthequestion.譯

文：話的意思沒(méi)變，變的只是提問(wèn)題的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)。分

析：后一句為省略句，其完整的句子應(yīng)為onlythestructureofthequestionchanges。省略是為了避免重復(fù)，突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的一種手段。省略在英語(yǔ)中，尤其在對(duì)話中，是一種十分常見(jiàn)的現(xiàn)象。其特點(diǎn)是：雖然省去了句子的某些語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造所需要的組成部分，但仍能看出其完整的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠表達(dá)其完整的意義。省略形式多樣，從單詞、短語(yǔ)到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)聯(lián)，不容臆斷。又如：

Hespentpartofthemoney,andtheresthesaved.

錢他花了一部分，其余的存了起來(lái)。

Let’sdothedishes.I’llwashandyou’lldry.

讓我們洗碗吧。我來(lái)洗，你來(lái)擦干。10.DokeeppracticingyourEnglishandyou’llenjoyyourlifeinanewplace.譯

文：一定要不斷練習(xí)英語(yǔ)，你才能享受來(lái)到一個(gè)陌生地方后的生活。分

析：助動(dòng)詞do用在動(dòng)詞原形（keep）之前，用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的含義，表示“的確，一定”的意思。又如：

Idoknowwhatheisdoingnow,butIdon’twanttotellyou.

我的確知道他現(xiàn)在在做什么，但是我不想告訴你。

Hedidseeyougoingintothatroomyesterday.

他的確看見(jiàn)你昨天走進(jìn)了那個(gè)房間。語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：

keepdoingsth

繼續(xù)不斷做某事e.g.Ihavefriendswhokeepworkingeventhoughtheyhaveplentyofmoney.

我有一些朋友，已經(jīng)很有錢了，但還在拼命工作。

Thechildkeptaskingmequestions.

這個(gè)孩子老是問(wèn)我問(wèn)題。BACK√×√×√It’salsoeasytobecomeconfusedwhenlisteningtosomeonegivingdirections.Onethingthatcanbeconfusingistheuseoftheword“right”.Ifyou’retellingsomeonetoturn,itoftencomeswiththepreposition“at”.Whereasthepreposition“up”tendstomeangoallthewayupthemainroad.5.Wouldyoumindtellingmewhereyoucomefrom?我們也很容易聽(tīng)錯(cuò)別人指路時(shí)所說(shuō)的話。有一點(diǎn)很容易弄錯(cuò)，那就是“right”一詞的用法。如果你告訴別人要轉(zhuǎn)彎，通常會(huì)用到介詞“at（在）”。然而，若用介詞“up（沿著）”，含義就常是順著主干道一直走下去。你是否介意告訴我你是從哪兒來(lái)的？BACKBACKbetterusuallyspecificcommon/commonestmanygeneralmoremorelostyoungerold/olderTwo.Itmeans“noeatingordrinking”.Thesignwithathickredlineacrossthecircle.Thesecondsigninthelastline.“Noparking”.Inmyopinion,understandingsignsisveryimportant.Thesignwitharedlineacrossthecircleistotellusthatsomethingisnotallowedtodo.Forexample,thefrstandsecondsignssimplymean“Donotswimhere”and“Nofishinghere”.Ontheotherhand,somesignsaredesignedwithwordsprintedonthem,soit’sveryeasytounderstandtheirmeanings.Therefore,thethirdsignistellingustopayattentiontothesteps,andthelastoneistowarnusofthedanger.DBAFECScript:1.Don’tbeashamedtoaskfordirectionswhenyouarelost.TherearealwaysalotofcarsandpeoplebustlingonstreetsonNationalDay.Redandgreenarethecolorsoftrafficlightstosignal“stop”and“go”.Ifyougodownstairs,you’llfindhisofficeonyourrightasyoucomeoutthestaircase.Itismoreconvenienttocheckamapwhenwearetravelingaround.6.TherearevariousroadsignsinuseinLosAngeles.MainAvenuethecornerofHillandMainoppositebehindScript:

A:IworkparttimeattheAliceShoppingMallonMainAvenue.B:Oh,it’sveryclosetoBill’sBookStore.A:Yes,andthereisatheaternearthestore,theGrandTheater.Here,onthecornerofFifthStreetandHillStreet.SometimesIgotheretoseeaplay.B:Howinteresting!A:Andthereisahealthclub,too.B:Oh,really?Whereisit?A:TheHillHealthClubisnexttoourshoppingmall,onthecornerofHillandMain.B:Oh,Isee.It’soppositethePolicestation.Howdoyougodowntown?A:Well,Ioftentaketheunderground.Theentranceisonthecorner,oppositetheAppleRecordShop.B:Youdon’toftendrive,doyou?A:Well,Idon’toftendrivemycarintothecity.IfIdrive,IparkmycarinthecarparkbehindtheAliceShoppingMall.Wearehere,atthebusstation.Weareintheheartofthecity.Yes.Gostraightaheadalongtheroadandthenturnleft.Thehospitalisonyourleft.TakeaNo.46bus,andgetoffatthesquare.I’mwalkingthatway.Letmeleadtheway.Godownthestairstothefourthfloorandturnleft.Attheendofthecorridor,turnleftagain.Yes.Ifyoufollowthesedirections,youwon’thaveanytrouble.Itishalfanhour’sride/drivefromheretotheairport.Iusuallydrivemycar./Ioftentaketheunderground.Youneedn’ttakeabus.It’sonlyabouttenminutes’walk.BCADScript:

Dale:Excuseme.CouldyoutellmehowtogettothePalaceMuseum?Nancy:YoucantakeBusNo.5.Thedriverwilltellyouwheretogetoff.Dale:Yes,butI’mdrivingmyowncar.Nancy:Oh,thenyoudrivealongthisstreet,turnrightatthethirdcrossroad.Keepstraightonuntilyouseearoadsignthatsays“PalaceMuseum”,andthenyoufollowthesign.ItwilldirectyoutothePalaceMuseum.Dale:Drivealongthisstreet,turnright,keepstraight,andthenI’llseetheroadsign.Isthatright?Nancy:That’sright.Dale:Oh,bytheway,howlongwillittakeformetogettothemuseum?Nancy:Abouthalfanhour.Dale:Thanks.Nancy:You’rewelcome.CADBScript:

Lily:Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmethewaytothenearesthospital?Bill:Iamsorry,Iamnewhere.Thereisapoliceman,youmaygoandaskhimforhelp.Lily:OK.Thankyouallthesame.Bill:Youarewelcome.Lily:Excuseme,sir.Iwanttogotothenearesthospital.ButIdon’tknowhowtogetthere.Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?Policeman:Withpleasure.Walkalongthatroad.Then,turnleftandyou’llseeaPostOffice.Thehospitalisbehindthepostoffice.Lily:Thankyou.Andhowlongwillittake?Policeman:About5minutes.Youcan’tmissit.Lily:Youaresokind.Thanks.Policeman:Notatall.occasionassistanceproblemGenerallyinawaylostshareinstructionsfeelfreearguingScript:

HowtoAskforDirections“Wouldyoupleasejuststopthecarandasksomeonewhereweare?”Ifyourwifeorgirlfriendhaseverhadoccasiontosaythistoyou,you’dbetterstopyourcarandseekassistancefrompeoplenearby.Here’showtogoaboutit.Admitthatyou’relost.Thefirststepingettinghelpisrecognizingthatyouhaveaproblem.Asksomeoneknowledgeable.Generally,anyonewhohastothinkmorethan2secondsafteryouaskistryingtobe“helpful”inawaythat’llgetyouevenmorelostthanbefore.3.Berespectful.4.Writetheinstructionsdown.Knowbetter.Ifyoususpectthepersonyou’veaskeddoesn’tknowwhathe’stalkingabout,feelfreetoignorehisinstructionsandtakethat“shortcut”you’vebeenarguingwithyourwifeabout.Youmaynotgetwhereyou’regoingforanother17hours,butit’llmakeagreatstorytosharewithyourgrand-kids!ExampleScriptSituation3-5BACKScript:

Situation2:Mr.Brown:Excuseme.WherecanItakeanairportbus?Guide:Gooutoftheexitandyouwillfindmanybusesoutside.Mr.Brown:IsthereabustakingmetotheGrandHotel?Guide:Yes,takeBusNo.2.Youcangetoffattheterminal.Mr.Brown:SoI’mjustgettingoffinfrontofthehotel?Guide:I’mafraidnot,sir.It’sveryclose,butyouhavetowalkseveralminutestogetthere.Mr.Brown:Isee.ThenwherecanIbuythebusticket?Guide:Youcanbuyithere.That’s20dollars.Mr.Brown:OK.I’llbuyoneBACKScriptScriptScriptTask17Script:

Situation3:Receptionist:GrandHotel.MayIhelpyou?Mr.Brown:Yes.Idon’tknowhowtogettoyourhotel.Receptionist:Whereareyounow,sir?Mr.Brown:Theroadsignsaysit’sPeople’sSquare.Receptionist:Well,goupthestreettillthefirsttrafficlight,andthenturnleft.Walktwoblocksandyouwillfindalargeshoppingcenter.Ourhotelisjustbehindit.Mr.Brown:Um...ShouldItakeabusortaxi?Receptionist:Idon’tthinkit’snecessary.It’sonlyafive-minutewalk.That’sveryclose.Mr.Brown:OK.I’llbethereinfiveminutes.Thankyou!Receptionist:Notatall.SeeyouthenBACKScript:

Situation4:Receptionist:Goodmorning,sir.WhatcanIdoforyou?Mr.Brown:Goodmorning.Ihaveareservationwithyou.Receptionist:MayIhaveyourname,sir?Mr.Brown:Brown,PeterBrown.Receptionist:Yes,Mr.Brown.Yourroomnumberis543.Mr.Brown:HowcanIgettomyroom?Receptionist:It’sonthefifthfloor.Youcangoupstairstothatfloor.Mr.Brown:Isthereanelevator?Ihaveheavybags.Receptionist:Yes.Theelevatorisjustbehindthereceptiondesk.Mr.Brown:Thankyou.Receptionist:Youarewelcome.BACKScript:

Situation5:Mr.Brown:Excuseme.IhavetoattendasalesmeetinginBiotechCompanythisafternoon.Doyouknowwhereitis?Reception