Springboot引入hibernate配置自動(dòng)建表并進(jìn)行增刪改查操作

第Springboot引入hibernate配置自動(dòng)建表并進(jìn)行增刪改查操作目錄前言一、引入依賴二、配置yml三、寫代碼四、測(cè)試結(jié)果

前言

有些業(yè)務(wù)比較復(fù)雜，比如我們需要新建10張表，每張表有10個(gè)字段，如果用手工來操作，肯定非常浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，而且隨著代碼中對(duì)實(shí)體類的修改，還要同時(shí)修改數(shù)據(jù)庫表，有時(shí)候?qū)懼鴮懼屯?，代碼改了，數(shù)據(jù)庫沒改，這種問題使用hibernate的自動(dòng)建表就好啦。

一、引入依賴

dependency

groupIdorg.springframework.boot/groupId

artifactIdspring-boot-starter-data-jpa/artifactId

/dependency

dependency

groupIdmysql/groupId

artifactIdmysql-connector-java/artifactId

scoperuntime/scope

/dependency

二、配置yml

自動(dòng)建表的配置是ddl-auto，有多個(gè)屬性可選

server:

port:8081

spring:

datasource:

driver-class-name:com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

url:jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testuseSSL=falseuseUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=UTF-8serverTimezone=Asia/ShanghairewriteBatchedStatements=true

username:root

password:root

jpa:

hibernate:

ddl-auto:update

#打印SQL語句

show-sql:true

三、寫代碼

1、新建數(shù)據(jù)庫（空數(shù)據(jù)庫即可，不要新建表）

2、實(shí)體類

@Id代表這是主鍵，@GeneratedValue和@GenericGenerator設(shè)置主鍵策略是UUID

@Column可以不寫，name是數(shù)據(jù)庫中的字段名，如果數(shù)據(jù)庫中要新建的對(duì)應(yīng)字段也叫name，可以不寫，columnDefinition指定字段在數(shù)據(jù)庫中的類型、長度、注釋等

packagecom.xuyijie.test.entity;

importjakarta.persistence.*;

importlombok.Data;

importorg.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

*@author徐一杰

*@date2025/9/1917:25

*@description

//JPA(Hibernate)的實(shí)體類注解

@Entity

@Table(name="people")

//Lombok

@Data

publicclassPeople{

//Id代表這是主鍵，GeneratedValue和GenericGenerator設(shè)置主鍵策略是UUID

@GeneratedValue(generator="id")

@GenericGenerator(name="id",strategy="uuid.hex")

privateStringid;

//Column可以不寫，name是數(shù)據(jù)庫中的字段名，如果數(shù)據(jù)庫中要新建的對(duì)應(yīng)字段也叫name，可以不寫，columnDefinition指定字段在數(shù)據(jù)庫中的類型、長度、注釋等

@Column(name="name",columnDefinition="varchar(255)NOTNULLCOMMENT'名字'")

privateStringname;

@Column(name="sex",columnDefinition="varchar(2)NOTNULLCOMMENT'性別'")

privateStringsex;

@Column(name="age",columnDefinition="int")

privateIntegerage;

3、Dao層

JpaRepositoryPeople,String尖括號(hào)里面填寫的是實(shí)體類和實(shí)體類的主鍵數(shù)據(jù)類型，PeopleMapper繼承JpaRepository以后，可以把PeopleMapper注入到Service里，使用很多內(nèi)置方法

packagecom.xuyijie.test.mapper;

importcom.xuyijie.test.entity.People;

importorg.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

importorg.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

*@author徐一杰

*@date2025/9/1917:42

*@description

@Repository

publicinterfacePeopleMapperextendsJpaRepositoryPeople,String{

}

4、Controller

packagecom.xuyijie.test.controller;

importcom.xuyijie.test.entity.People;

importcom.xuyijie.test.mapper.PeopleMapper;

importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

*@author徐一杰

*@date2025/9/1917:12

*@description

@RestController

@RequestMapping("/test")

publicclassTest{

@Autowired

privatePeopleMapperpeopleMapper;

@GetMapping("/hello/{str}")

publicStringHello(@PathVariableStringstr){

Peoplepeople=newPeople();

people.setName(str);

people.setSex("男");

//這里的save和findAll都是hibernate自帶的方法，里面還有很多內(nèi)置方法

peopleMapper.save(people);

Syste