2023-2024學(xué)年河南省高一下學(xué)期部分高中2月開學(xué)聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期部分高中2月開學(xué)聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AParis,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic(標(biāo)志性的)placesyou’veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou’lldelightindiscovering.PontdesArtsConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804andreconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.Inthespringandsummermonths,ParisiansandvisitorscomehereforlazypicnicsoverlookingtheSeine.PontMarleThislovelybutlittle-knownbridgeisagatewaybetweentheMaraisdistrictontherightbankandanaturalislandontheSeineRiver.Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670,followingafireonitswoodenstructurethatdestroyedmuchoftheoriginalbridgeandthehousesthatoncestoodonit.Ithasremainedmuchthesamesincethe18thcentury,makingitoneofParis’oldestbridges.PontAlexandreⅢThePontAlexandreⅢisprobablythemostattractiveofParis’manybridges.Builtbetween1896and1900,itconnectsthedesInvalideswiththegardensofthePetitPalais.It’safterdarkthatyoucanbestappreciateitsdelicatestatuesandotherdecorativeelements.PontNeufFirstbuiltin1578byKingHenryⅢ,PontNeufhasseennumerousreconstructionsandchangesoverthecenturies.ButitconservesitsRoman-inspiredarch(拱形)structures.Thisisalovelybridgethatofferseasyandpicturesqueaccesstotheleftandrightbank.Havesomeicecream,explorethelovelyriversidepathsandenjoyviewsofNotreDameCathedral.1.WhatisspecialaboutthePontdesArts?A.Ithasbeenrebuiltmanytimes. B.ItisoneofParis’oldestbridges.C.Itisabridgeonlyforpeoplewalking. D.ItisthemostattractivebridgeinParis.2.Whichistheoldestamongthefourbridges?A.PontdesArts. B.PontMarie.C.PontAlexandreⅢ D.PontNeuf.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Anewsreport. D.Abookreview.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了法國首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的橋梁。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章PontdesArts段講到“ConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804and

reconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.(連接盧浮宮和法蘭西學(xué)院的藝術(shù)橋(PontdesArts)是1804年由拿破侖·波拿巴(NapoleonBonaparte)建造的，在20世紀(jì)70年代重建，是一座僅供行人行走的橋，受到游客和當(dāng)?shù)厝说南矏邸?”可知，藝術(shù)橋的特別之處是這是一座供人行走的橋。故選C。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章PontdesArts部分講到“firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804(1804年由拿破侖·波拿巴首次建造)”、PontMarie.部分講到“Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670(目前的石頭結(jié)構(gòu)可以追溯到1670年左右)”、PontAlexandreⅢ部分講到“Builtbetween1896and1900(建于1896年至1900年)”以及PontNeuf部分講到“Firstbuiltin1578byKingHenryⅢ(始建于1578年，由國王亨利三世建造)”可知，四座橋中最古老的是PontNeuf。故選D。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。文章第一段講到“Paris,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic(標(biāo)志性的)placesyou’veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou’lldelightindiscovering.(法國首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的橋梁。這是巴黎最美麗的四座橋：一些在你在電影中看到的標(biāo)志性地方，另一些在你樂于發(fā)現(xiàn)的安靜地方。)”可知，本文大概出自一本指南。故選A。BLotsofkidsliketotalkaboutsports,butJosephD’AvirrotalksaboutsportslikeaprofessionalhostinashowcalledSliders&Curveballs.The9-year-oldfromNewington,Connecticutisanaturalatsportstalkandhasbeenbroadcastingtheshow—whichisaboutbaseball,basketballandothersports—withhisdad,MikeD’Avirro,sinceSeptember2019.TheD’AvirrostartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied,whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.Thentheideacametohim.Sofar,theyhavedoneabout50programs.Joseph’sfavoriteiswhenthefather-and-sonteaminterviewedJimCalhoun,thecoachleadingtheConnecticutHuskiestothreenationaltitles.Theyhavealsointerviewedimportantsportsauthors.Thefatherandsonmakeaboutone30-to40-minutepodcasteachmonth.Theyprepareforthepodcastsbydecidingonthequestionstheywanttoasktheguest.Josephaskshalfofthequestions,andMikehandlestheotherhalf.Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork,butJosephsaysitis“alotmorefunthanhomework”.Josephhasalsolearnedtospeakupandspeakclearly.Hehastolistenandtogowiththeflowoftheconversation.Forexample,hesaid,“Iftheguestistalkingaboutsportsinthe1990s,youhavetothinkaboutsportsinthe1990s.”Whenaskedhowlongheandhisdadwillcontinuedoingtheshow,heanswered,“Untilmydadstartsgrowinggrayhairs.”Josephhasotherambitionswhenhegrowsup—tobeasportsplayer,asportsbroadcasterortoownabasketballteam.Thosearebigdreams,butJosephisalreadylivingadream:talkingsportsandspendingtimewithhisdad.4.WhatisJoseph’sshowabout?A.Sometalkshowsonsports.B.Waystogetalongwithparents.C.Storiesaboutfamoussportsplayers.D.Sportsthathisfamilylovesplaying.5.WhatinspiredMiketostarttheshowwithhisson?A.Hisson’stalentforsports.B.Hiswishtobeahostsincecollege.C.Thedeathsofhiscollegeroommates.D.Theencouragementfromhisroommates.6.WhatdoesJosephthinkofmemorizinghisquestions?A.It’sasboringashomework.B.It’schallengingtohisbrain.C.Ittakesalotoftimebutmeansalot.D.It’smoreinterestingthanhomework.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ArisingsportsbroadcasterB.AlongroadtogotosuccessC.Thefather-and-sonteamhostsD.JosephD’Avirro’sbigdream【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了九歲男孩Joseph和爸爸一起做體育節(jié)目。Joseph喜歡這個(gè)節(jié)目，已經(jīng)做了50個(gè)節(jié)目，采訪了重要的體育人物和作家。Joseph覺得準(zhǔn)備節(jié)目比做作業(yè)更有趣。他們會(huì)一直做下去，直到爸爸變白頭發(fā)。這個(gè)故事展示了Joseph實(shí)現(xiàn)了與爸爸一起討論體育的夢(mèng)想。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The9-year-oldfromNewington,Connecticutisanaturalatsportstalkandhasbeenbroadcastingtheshow—whichisaboutbaseball,basketballandothersports—withhisdad,MikeD’Avirro,sinceSeptember2019.(這位來自康涅狄格州紐因頓的9歲男孩天生擅長體育談話，自2019年9月以來，他一直在和父親MikeD’Avirro一起播報(bào)這個(gè)關(guān)于棒球、籃球和其他運(yùn)動(dòng)的節(jié)目)”可知，

Joseph的節(jié)目是一個(gè)關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)的體育談話節(jié)目。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheD’AvirrostartedthebroadcastaftertwoformercollegeroommatesofMikedied,whichmadeMikewanttospendmoretimewithhisson.(在邁克的兩個(gè)大學(xué)前室友去世后，D’Avirro開始播報(bào)，這讓邁克想花更多的時(shí)間和兒子在一起)”可知，大學(xué)室友的去世激發(fā)了Mike與兒子一起做節(jié)目。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Josephaskshalfofthequestions,andMikehandlestheotherhalf.Josephreadshisquestionsagainandagaintogettheminhisbrainwell.Itisalotofwork,butJosephsaysitis“alotmorefunthanhomework”.(Joseph問一半的問題，Mike處理另一半。Joseph一遍又一遍地讀他的問題，把它們牢牢記在腦子里。這是一項(xiàng)繁重的工作，但Joseph說這“比家庭作業(yè)有趣得多”)”可知，對(duì)于在談話節(jié)目中要處理的問題，Joseph認(rèn)為這比家庭作業(yè)更有趣。故選D。【7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，九歲男孩Joseph和爸爸一起做體育節(jié)目。Joseph喜歡這個(gè)節(jié)目，已經(jīng)做了50個(gè)節(jié)目，采訪了重要的體育人物和作家。Joseph覺得準(zhǔn)備節(jié)目比做作業(yè)更有趣。他們會(huì)一直做下去，直到爸爸變白頭發(fā)。這個(gè)故事展示了Joseph實(shí)現(xiàn)了與爸爸一起討論體育的夢(mèng)想。C選項(xiàng)“Thefather-and-sonteamhosts(父子組合擔(dān)任主持人)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合標(biāo)題。故選C。CInthenorthernmostedgeofColombiasitsthecoastaltownofAcandí.Accesstothetownisonlybywaterorair;thereisnoroadthatleadsthere.Theresidentstherearefacedwiththestrugglesofbalancinglivelihoodswhileprotectingbiodiversity.Inthepast,traditionalcommunityfishingmethods,passeddownbytheelders,focusedonthereasonablefishingandmanagementofresources.However,theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvessels(拖網(wǎng)漁船)decadesagograduallydepletedthearea’sfishingresources,leadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.JesúsAntonioJulioCuestas,whoservesintheregion’sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources,stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques.“Fishingandconservationco-existaslongaswehavegoodmanagementpracticesandreasonableuseofourfishingresources,”saysCuestas.HeandotherofficialsactivelymonitorfishingactivitiesinAcandí.Eachmorning,theyvisitthefishmarketstogatherdataonfisheryresources—includingpricesandsizes—tomonitorthestateofthelocalfishingindustry.AlongwithCuestas,thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices,theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing.“Thisyearthelocalfishermenhavenotusedthetrawlnetsthatwerecausingthedeathoftheleatherbackseaturtles,”explainsCuestasproudly.Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.ThismarinereserveinAcandí,Cuestasbelieves,istheirgreatesttreasure.Heattachesgreatimportancetoworkingtogetherwithlocalresidentstoimprovethequalityoflifewhilepreservingthemarineecosystem.Bydoingso,heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers,suchasengineersorlawyers,proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandí.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“depleted”inparagraph2mean?A.Reused. B.Restored.C.Explored. D.Reduced.9.WhydoesJulioCuestascallfornewfishingtechniques?A.Tocutdownonthecostsoffishing.B.Toimprovetheincomeoflocalresidents.C.Topromotethewell-beingofmarinewildlife.D.Tospreadtraditionalcommunityfishingmethods.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theaimofthechangestofishingmethods.B.Theeffortstopreservemarineecosystem.C.Theresultsthetrawlnetshavebroughtabout.D.Theimpactoffishersonthelocalenvironment.11.WhatisJulioCuestas’sattitudetowardsAcandí’sfuture?A.Confident. B.Uncaring.C.Concerned. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是哥倫比亞最北部的沿海小鎮(zhèn)Acandí，該地的居民在保護(hù)生物多樣性的同時(shí)努力平衡生計(jì)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Inthepast,traditionalcommunityfishingmethods,passeddownbytheelders,focusedonthereasonablefishingandmanagementofresources.(在過去，傳統(tǒng)的社區(qū)捕魚方法是由長輩傳下來的，注重合理捕撈和資源管理。)”同時(shí)根據(jù)劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“l(fā)eadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.(導(dǎo)致海洋生物嚴(yán)重受損。)”可知，傳統(tǒng)的社區(qū)捕魚方法是注重合理捕撈和資源管理的，可是拖網(wǎng)漁船的捕撈方式導(dǎo)致海洋生物嚴(yán)重受損，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故這種捕撈方式導(dǎo)致海洋捕魚資源不斷減少。故劃線詞與D選項(xiàng)“Reduced.(減少)”為同義詞。故選D。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,theintroductionoflarge-scaletrawlingvessels(拖網(wǎng)漁船)decadesagograduallydepletedthearea’sfishingresources,leadingtodamagetomarine(海洋的)lifeseriously.(然而，幾十年前引進(jìn)的大型拖網(wǎng)漁船逐漸耗盡了該地區(qū)的漁業(yè)資源，導(dǎo)致海洋生物受到嚴(yán)重破壞。)”以及第三段中“JesúsAntonioJulioCuestas,whoservesintheregion’sconservationandmanagementofmarineresources,stressesthebadimpactofthesedevelopmentsandcallsfornewfishingtechniques.(Jesús負(fù)責(zé)該地區(qū)海洋資源保護(hù)和管理的AntonioJulioCuestas強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些發(fā)展的不良影響，并呼吁采用新的捕魚技術(shù)。)”可知，因?yàn)镴esús注意到了這種捕撈方式對(duì)海洋野生動(dòng)物帶來了消極的影響，因此為了促進(jìn)海洋野生動(dòng)物的繁榮，其呼吁使用新的捕撈技術(shù)。故選C?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“AlongwithCuestas,thefishersworktoreducetheirimpactonthemarineecosystem.Bychangingfishingmethodsandadoptingnewpractices,theyaimforamorebalancedapproachtofishing.(漁民們與Cuestas一起努力減少對(duì)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響。通過改變捕魚方法和采用新的做法，他們的目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)更平衡的捕魚方式。)”以及“Changesincludetheeffortsofboatstoprotecttheseagrassthatservesasfeedinggroundsformarinelifeandanendtofishersthrowingnetswhereturtleslaytheireggs.(變化包括船只努力保護(hù)海草，海草是海洋生物的覓食地，漁民不再在海龜產(chǎn)卵的地方撒網(wǎng)。)”可知，本段主要介紹的是保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，漁民們與Cuestas所做出的種種努力。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Bydoingso,heimaginesapicturewhereindividualsfromthefishingcommunitycanpursuevariouscareers,suchasengineersorlawyers,proudlystatingthattheyaretheproductsofthefishingtraditioninAcandí.(通過這樣做，他想象了這樣一幅畫面：來自漁業(yè)社區(qū)的個(gè)人可以從事各種職業(yè)，比如工程師或律師，并自豪地宣稱他們是Acandí漁業(yè)傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)物。)”可知，JulioCuestas認(rèn)為，通過積極的努力以及與漁民的互相合作，漁業(yè)社區(qū)的個(gè)人可以追求各種職業(yè)，海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)也得到了保護(hù)，人們可以自豪地宣稱他們是Acandí漁業(yè)傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)物，因此JulioCuestas對(duì)Acandí的未來是充滿希望和信心的。故選A。DLossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(癡呆),accordingtoanewstudy.“Wefoundthatagingwasassociatedwithadeclineintheamountofthedeepeststagesofsleep,knownasslow-wavesleep.Wethenfoundthatpeoplewithgreaterdeclinesinslow-wavesleepovertimehadahigherriskofgettingdementiaoverthenext17yearsoffollow-up,”saidMatthewPase,seniorauthorofthestudy.Slow-wavesleepisthethirdandfourthstagesofsleep,whichisimportantforbrainhealth.Duringthisstage,thebodyremovesunwantedorharmfulmaterialsfromthebrain.“Forthebrain,thisdeepsleepisthoughttobethemostrestorative,”saidDrRichardIsaacson,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.Theresearcherswantedtoknowwhetherchronic(慢性的)reductionsinslow-wavesleepovertimearelinkedtodementiariskinhumansandwhetherdementia-relatedprocessesinthebrainmaycontributetogettinglessofthistypeofsleep.Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies—onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001—duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.Bythattime,52participantshadbeendiagnosedwithdementia.Eachpercentagedecreaseinslow-wavesleepperyearwaslinkedtoa27percentincreasedriskofdevelopingdementia.Therateofslow-wavesleeplossaccelerated(加速)fromage60,peakedfromages75to80andslowedafterwards.“Thisisanimportantstudyyetagainshowingtheimpactofqualityofsleeponaperson’sriskofcognitivedeclineanddementia,”Isaacsonsaid.“It’simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight,butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible.”12.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudy?A.Theolderyouare,thelesssleepyouwillhave.B.Slow-wavesleephasbeenlinkedtotheriskofdementia.C.Therateofslow-wavesleeplosskeepsgoingupwithage.D.Theamountofsleephasanimpactontheriskofdementia.13.Howdidresearchersgetwhattheywanted?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Byintroducingaconcept.C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy. D.Bymakingasurvey.14.WhatdidDrRichardIsaacsonsuggest?A.Sleepqualityneedsmoreattention.B.Weshouldhaveenoughsleep.C.Theelderlyshouldsleepmorethantheyoung.D.Theamountofsleepismoreimportantthansleepquality.15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Sports. B.Health. C.Education. D.Environment.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要講述隨著年齡增長，人們的深睡眠時(shí)間會(huì)越來越短。新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果深睡眠時(shí)間大幅減少，患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)將會(huì)大增。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Lossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(癡呆),accordingtoanewstudy.(新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著年齡增長，慢波睡眠時(shí)間的減少可能會(huì)增加患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，慢波睡眠與患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有關(guān)。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theystudied346peoplewithanaverageageof69andcompletedtwoovernightsleepstudies—onebetween1995and1998andthesecondbetween1998and2001—duringwhichtheirsleepwasmonitored.Theresearchersalsoinvestigatedwhetheranychangeintheamountofslow-wavesleepthatparticipantsgotwasassociatedwithdevelopingdementiaupto17yearsaftertheycompletedthesleepstudies.(研究人員調(diào)查了平均年齡69歲的346個(gè)人，并且分別在1995年至1998年間以及1998年至2001年間完成了兩項(xiàng)夜間睡眠研究，在這期間對(duì)他們的睡眠進(jìn)行了監(jiān)測。研究人員還調(diào)查了參與者慢波睡眠時(shí)間的任何變化是否與完成睡眠研究17年后患癡呆癥有關(guān))”可知，研究人員是通過做調(diào)查的方式得到他們想要的。故選D。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thisisanimportantstudyyetagainshowingtheimpactofqualityofsleeponaperson’sriskofcognitivedeclineanddementia,”Isaacsonsaid.“It’simportanttonotonlypayattentiontothetotalamountofsleepapersongetseachnight,butalsomonitorsleepqualityasbestaspossible.”(“這項(xiàng)重要研究再次表明了睡眠質(zhì)量對(duì)于一個(gè)人患上認(rèn)知衰退和癡呆癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響。”艾薩克森表示：“我們不光要注意一個(gè)人每夜睡眠的總時(shí)長，也要盡可能監(jiān)測睡眠質(zhì)量?！?”可知，RichardIsaacson的建議是要多關(guān)注睡眠質(zhì)量。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Lossofslow-wavesleepasyouagemayincreaseyourriskofdevelopingdementia(癡呆),accordingtoanewstudy.(新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著年齡增長，慢波睡眠時(shí)間的減少可能會(huì)增加患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，這是與健康有關(guān)的研究，所以這篇文章很有可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上的“健康”板塊。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。BenefitsOfColdWeatherThere’snodoubtaboutit—coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.___16___Soifyou’refeelingdownaboutthecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasonstobehappyaboutthem!Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreaterclarityofthought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.___17___Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfatcells.___18___.Notonlydotheyhelpusstaycomfortablywarmincoldtemperatures,buttheymayalsoevenpromoteweightlossovertime.___19___Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight’srest.Asourbodiestrytokeepwarmwhenit’scoldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamorerelaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthanthosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.Itimprovesskinhealth.___20___Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingtoprotectionagainstenvironmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.Allinall,therearemanybenefitstospendingtimeoutsideincoldweather!Nexttimeyouwanttostayinsideandavoidthecold,keepthesebenefitsinmindandconsidergettingoutsideforafewminutes!A.Ithelpsyousleep.B.Itraiseshealthawareness.C.Thus,thecentralnervoussystemcanperformatincreasedlevels.D.Coldweatherexposureisahelpfulcontributiontoourwell-being.E.Theyareimportantforcontrollingbodytemperaturebyproducingheat.F.Coldweathercanbegoodforkeepingourskinlookingandfeelinghealthy.G.Whileitmakesuswanttostayindoors,coldweatherhassomemajorbenefits.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了寒冷天氣的一些好處?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“There’snodoubtaboutit—coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.(毫無疑問，寒冷的天氣會(huì)讓人很不舒服。)”以及后文“Soifyou’refeelingdownaboutthecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasonstobehappyaboutthem!(所以，如果你對(duì)外面的寒冷天氣感到沮喪，那就往下讀，看看有什么理由讓你開心起來吧！)”可知，后文提到了寒冷的天氣也有理由開心，說明寒冷的天氣也有好處。故G選項(xiàng)“雖然它使我們想呆在室內(nèi)，但寒冷的天氣也有一些主要的好處”符合語境，故選G。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreaterclarityofthought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.(它能增強(qiáng)你的大腦。低溫可以刺激你的大腦，讓你的注意力更集中，思維更清晰。寒冷的氣候增加了大腦的氧氣流量。)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，指出寒冷的氣候增加了大腦的氧氣流量所帶來的積極影響。故C選項(xiàng)“因此，中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)可以在更高的水平上工作?！狈险Z境，故選C。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfatcells.(它增加棕色脂肪的含量。寒冷的天氣有增加棕色脂肪細(xì)胞數(shù)量的獨(dú)特能力。)”以及后文“Notonlydotheyhelpusstaycomfortablywarmincoldtemperatures,buttheymayalsoevenpromoteweightlossovertime.(它們不僅能幫助我們?cè)诤涞奶鞖饫锉３质孢m溫暖，而且隨著時(shí)間的推移，它們甚至還能促進(jìn)減肥。)”可知，本句承接上文，解釋棕色脂肪細(xì)胞的作用，E選項(xiàng)中They指代上文brownfatcells。故E選項(xiàng)“它們通過產(chǎn)生熱量對(duì)控制體溫很重要。”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight’srest.Asourbodiestrytokeepwarmwhenit’s‘coldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamorerelaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthanthosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.(在寒冷的天氣里，穩(wěn)定的體溫有助于晚上睡個(gè)好覺。當(dāng)外面很冷的時(shí)候，我們的身體會(huì)試圖保持溫暖，血管會(huì)變窄，幫助控制你的睡眠溫度，從而獲得更放松、更安寧的睡眠。睡在寒冷環(huán)境中的人醒來時(shí)通常比睡在溫暖環(huán)境中的人更神清氣爽。)”可知，本段的主旨是寒冷的天氣有助于睡眠。故A選項(xiàng)“它有助于睡眠?！狈险Z境，故選A。【20題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingtoprotectionagainstenvironmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.(低溫迫使我們穿上暖和的衣服來抵御寒冷，從而保護(hù)我們免受環(huán)境因素的影響，否則會(huì)使皮膚失去水分。)”可知，后文提到低溫會(huì)避免皮膚失去水分，即寒冷天氣對(duì)皮膚有好處。故F選項(xiàng)“寒冷的天氣可以使我們的皮膚看起來和感覺健康?！狈险Z境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Afterbringingupthreechildren,Barthorpedecidedtodosomethingforherself.Sheplannedto____21____herselfbylearningtorideamotorcycleattheageof60.Afterpassingherdrivingtest,shesoon____22____onherfirstsolo(單獨(dú)的)ride.Sherememberedthe____23____ofbeingontheroadaloneforthefirsttime.AlthoughBarthorpepreferredridingsolo,shecontactedtheWomen’sInternationalMotorcycleAssociation(WIMA)inthehopeof____24____it.ItwastheconnectionwiththeWIMAthatledhertoa(n)____25____—theWomenRidersWorldRelay.Theplanwastopassabaton(接力棒),ridertorider,allaroundtheworld.Thatwasatestoftheriders’courageand____26____.ButjustafterBarthorpetookontherole,she____27____felldownandgotinjured.Shespentseveralmonthsinhospital.However,Barthorpedidn’tseeitasa____28____experience.Sheknewthatshemustpaymuchattentionto____29____first.Gettingonamotoreycleagainwas______30______,butBarthorpetookextratrainingand______31______alot.AndshepushedherselftotakepartintheraceinAustralia.Barthorpethenrealizedthatitwasnormalto______32______andrisetoit,whichofferedanopportunitytogrow.WhatattractsBarthorpemosttoamotorcycleisthe______33______.“IcangoanywhereIwantandanytimeIlike,”shesaid.“Thekidssaidtome,‘Mum,youseemtohaveturnedintoa______34______teenager.’Ijusttoldthem,‘No,I’vejustfoundthefieldwhereIcanseemy______35______.’”21.A.protect B.express C.challenge D.educate22.A.setout B.caughtup C.calmeddown D.showedoff23.A.duty B.excitement C.risk D.struggle24.A.interviewing B.encouraging C.impressing D.joining25.A.lesson B.record C.adventure D.experiment26.A.teamwork B.friendship C.understanding D.memory27.A.slowly B.strangely C.purposely D.accidentally28.A.discouraging B.common C.practical D.pleasant29.A.honor B.safety C.experience D.interest30.A.doubtful B.peaceful C.stressful D.meaningful31.A.lost B.expected C.noticed D.improved32.A.fail B.recover C.wait D.reply33.A.performance B.competition C.freedom D.independence34.A.careful B.friendly C.serious D.brave35.A.choice B.value C.habit D.effort【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.A27.D28.A29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JillBarthorpe在60歲時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)騎摩托車、加入國際女性摩托車協(xié)會(huì)以及參加世界女騎手接力賽的經(jīng)歷。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她計(jì)劃在60歲時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)騎摩托車來挑戰(zhàn)自己。A.protect保護(hù)；B.express表達(dá)；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.educate教育。根據(jù)下文“bylearningtorideamotorcycleattheageof60”以及常理可知，60歲時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)騎摩托車是對(duì)自己的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：通過駕駛考試后，她很快就開始了她的第一次單人駕駛。A.setout出發(fā)；B.caughtup追趕；C.calmeddown冷靜；D.showedoff炫耀。根據(jù)空前“Afterpassingherdrivingtest”以及空后的“herfirstsolo(單獨(dú)的)ride”可知，通過駕駛考試后，她開始了第一次單人駕駛。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她還記得第一次獨(dú)自上路時(shí)的興奮。A.duty職責(zé)；B.excitement興奮；C.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；D.struggle奮斗。根據(jù)上文“Afterbringingupthreechildren,Barthorpedecidedtodosomethingforherself.Sheplannedto________herselfbylearningtorideamotorcycleattheageof60.”可推測，騎摩托車是她一直想做的事情；由此可推測，第一次獨(dú)自上路時(shí)，她應(yīng)該是感到興奮。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管Barthorpe更喜歡獨(dú)自騎行，但她還是聯(lián)系了國際女子摩托車協(xié)會(huì)(WIMA)，希望加入該協(xié)會(huì)。A.interviewing采訪、面試；B.encouraging鼓勵(lì)；C.impressing使……印象深刻；D.joining加入。根據(jù)上文“shecontactedtheWomen’sInternationalMotorcycleAssociation(WIMA)”以及下文她得到的任務(wù)可知，她是希望加入該協(xié)會(huì)。故選D。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正是與WIMA的聯(lián)系，讓她開始了一場冒險(xiǎn)——女騎手世界接力賽。A.lesson課程、教訓(xùn)；B.record記錄；C.adventure冒險(xiǎn)、探險(xiǎn)；D.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文“Theplanwastopassabaton(接力棒),ridertorider,allaroundtheworld.Thatwasatestoftheriders’courageand________.”可知，這對(duì)于她這個(gè)新手而言是一場冒險(xiǎn)。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是對(duì)騎手們的勇氣和團(tuán)隊(duì)精神的考驗(yàn)。A.teamwork合作；B.friendship友誼；C.understanding理解；D.memory記憶。根據(jù)上文“Theplanwastopassabaton(接力棒),ridertorider,allaroundtheworld.”可知，這項(xiàng)任務(wù)需要一棒棒傳遞下去，所以是對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的考驗(yàn)。故選A。【27題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：就在Barthorpe接下這個(gè)角色后，她意外摔倒受傷了。A.slowly緩慢地；B.strangely奇怪地；C.purposely故意地；D.accidentally意外地。根據(jù)空后“felldownandgotinjured”以及她康復(fù)后繼續(xù)參加可知，她是意外摔倒受傷的。故選D。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，Barthorpe并不認(rèn)為這是一次令人沮喪的經(jīng)歷。A.discouraging令人沮喪的；B.common普通的；C.practical實(shí)用的；D.pleasant舒適的。根據(jù)常理可知，此時(shí)摔倒受傷是令人沮喪的；而根據(jù)段首“However”以及下文她的感觸可知，她并不認(rèn)為這件事令人沮喪。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她知道她必須把安全放在第一位。A.honor榮耀；B.safety安全；C.experience經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.interest興趣。根據(jù)上文“ButjustafterBarthorpetookontherole,she________felldownandgotinjured.”可知，剛接手任務(wù)不久，她就受傷了，所以她由此應(yīng)該開始重視安全。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：再次騎上摩托車是一件壓力很大的事情，但Barthorpe接受了額外的訓(xùn)練，進(jìn)步了很多。A.doubtful懷疑的；B.peaceful平和的；C.stressful有壓力的；D.meaningful有意義的。根據(jù)上文可知，她不小心受傷了，由此可知，當(dāng)她恢復(fù)后，再次騎摩托車從心理上來說是有壓力的。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：再次騎上摩托車是一件壓力很大的事情，但Barthorpe接受了額外的訓(xùn)練，進(jìn)步了很多。A.lost失去；B.expected期待；C.noticed注意；D.improved提升。根據(jù)上文“Barthorpetookextratraining”可知，得到訓(xùn)練后，她應(yīng)該是進(jìn)步了很多。故選D。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Barthorpe后來意識(shí)到，失敗是正常的，并勇于面對(duì)失敗，這提供了一個(gè)成長的機(jī)會(huì)。A.fail失??；B.recover恢復(fù)；C.wait等待；D.reply回復(fù)。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及空后的“risetoit,whichofferedanopportunitytogrow”可知，Barthorpe意識(shí)到失敗是很正常的，因?yàn)槭】梢宰屛覀兂砷L。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最吸引Barthorpe的是摩托車的自由。A.performance表現(xiàn)；B.competition競爭；C.freedom自由；D.independence獨(dú)立。根據(jù)下文“IcangoanywhereIwantandanytimeIlike”可知，對(duì)她而言，騎摩托車是自由的，可以隨時(shí)去自己想去的地方。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“孩子們對(duì)我說，‘媽媽，你似乎變成了一個(gè)勇敢的少女?！抑皇歉嬖V他們，‘不，我只是找到了一個(gè)能讓我看到自己價(jià)值的領(lǐng)域?！盇.careful仔細(xì)的、謹(jǐn)慎的；B.friendly友好的；C.serious嚴(yán)重的；D.brave勇敢的。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及空后的“teenager”可知，60歲時(shí)Barthorpe學(xué)習(xí)騎摩托車，之后參加比賽，孩子們是認(rèn)為媽媽似乎變成了一個(gè)勇敢的少女。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“孩子們對(duì)我說，‘媽媽，你似乎變成了一個(gè)勇敢的少年。’我只是告訴他們，‘不，我只是找到了一個(gè)能讓我看到自己價(jià)值的領(lǐng)域。’”A.choice選擇；B.value價(jià)值；C.habit習(xí)慣；D.effort努力。根據(jù)上文“Afterbringingupthreechildren,Barthorpedecidedtodosomethingforherself.”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，Barthorpe認(rèn)為騎摩托車可以看到自己的價(jià)值所在。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyear____36____24solarterms.WinterSolstice(冬至)comesasthe22ndsolartermoftheyear.OnthefirstdayoftheWinterSolstice,theNorthernHemisphereexperiencesthe____37____(short)dayandthelongestnightintheyear,asthesunshinesdirectlyattheTropicofCapricorn(南回歸線).Fromthenon,thedaysbecomelongerandthenightsbecomeshorter.TheWinterSolsticealsomarksthe____38____(arrive)ofthecoldestseasonintheyear.Therewas____39____sayinginancientChina,“TheWinterSolsticeisasimportantastheSpringFestival.”AsearlyastheZhouDynasty,greatevents____40____(hold)onthedayoftheWinterSolstice,____41____wasalsoconsideredthefirstdayofthenewyear.TheWinterSolsticebecameawinterfestivalduringtheHanDynasty.Thecelebratoryactivitieswere____42____(official)organized.Onthisday,bothofficialsandordinarypeoplewouldhavearest.Duringthefollowingdynasties,suchastheTang,SongandQingdynasties,duringtheWinterSolstice,itwasalsocommonforpeople____43____(offer)sacrifices(祭品)toancestors.In