山東省濟南市2024-2025學年高一上學期1月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟南市2024-2025學年高一上學期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AMelbourneAirportisthesecondbusiestairportinAustralia.Ifyou’reoneofthoseluckypeoplepassingthroughMelbourne,here’swhatyouneedtoknowaboutit.MelbourneAirportCode,Location,andContactInformation?MelbourneAirportCode:MEL?Location:DepartureDr,Tullamarine,Victoria,Australia3045?Website:https://www.melbourneairport.com.au/?PhoneNumber:+61392971600KnowBeforeYouGoMelbourneAirportisabusyairportwithfourterminals(航站樓).Thereareclearsignsthroughouteachterminaltohelpyoumakeyourwaythroughcheck-inandsecurity.Beforeyourflight,youcancheckwhichterminalyourairlineisinontheMelbourneAirportwebsite.Ingeneral,Terminal1isaQantasdomesticcenter,Terminal2isinternationalflights.Terminal3isaVirginAustraliadomesticcenter,andTerminal4isallotherdomesticairlinessuchasJetstarandTigerAir.WheretoEatandDrinkMelbourneisabig,food-lovingcityanditshowsthatinitsairport.Whetheryou’relookingforaquickgrab-and-gomealorasit-downexperience,thereareplentyofchoices.SomeofthebestspotsforeatinganddrinkingincludeCafeVu(Terminal2),whichoffersFrench-inspiredfood.Brunetti(Terminals2and4)usanexcellentspotfortastingMelbourne’scoffeeandbitingintoanItaliandeasert.Baxa(Terminal2)isaVietnamesefast-casualrestaurantthatserveswarmnoodles.CheckoutTwoJohnsTaphouse(Terminal2and4)foralocalbeerandpubfood.WiFiandChargingStationMelbourneAirportoffersfreeWiFithroughoutitsterminals.Toconnecttothe“AirportFreeWiFi,”simplyenteryourdetails,acceptthetermsandconditions,andclick“startbrowsing.”Chargingstationsarefreelyavailableandlocatedthroughouttheairport.1.WhichterminaldopassengersneedtogotowhenflyingfromMelbournetoLondon?A.Terminal1. B.Terminal2. C.Terminal3. D.Terminal4.2.WhichrestaurantinMelbourneAirportservesAsianfood?A.Baxa. B.Brunetti. C.CafeVu.D.TwoJohnsTaphouse.3.WhatisrequiredforapassengertousefreeWiFi?A.Buyingatelephonecard. B.Settingupanapplication.C.Fillinginpersonalinformation. D.Calling+61392971600forcode.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了墨爾本機場的一些情況?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KnowBeforeYouGo部分中“Terminal1isaQantasdomesticcenter,Terminal2isinternationalflights.(1號航站樓是澳航國內航班中心，2號航站樓是國際航班)”可知，從墨爾本飛往倫敦需要2號航站樓轉機。故選B。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WheretoEatandDrink部分中“Baxa(Terminal2)isaVietnamesefast-casualrestaurantthatserveswarmnoodles.(Baxa（2號航站樓）是一家提供熱面的越南休閑快餐店)”可知，墨爾本機場Baxa供應亞洲菜。故選A。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段WiFiandChargingStation部分中“Toconnecttothe“AirportFreeWiFi,”simplyenteryourdetails,acceptthetermsandconditions,andclick“startbrowsing.”(要連接“機場免費WiFi”，只需輸入您的詳細信息，接受條款和條件，然后點擊“開始瀏覽”)”可知，乘客申請免費WiFi需要填寫個人信息。故選C。BNatureismorethanbeautifulforonetolookat.ForIndonesiannatureconservationist(環(huán)保主義者)FarwizaFarhan,natureisasilentfriend.Asachild,Farhanoftenclimbedtreeswhenevershehadproblems,stayingthereuntilshecalmeddown.Naturehasalwaysbeenthereforher.Thisiswhyshehasbeentryingtobetherefornaturewhenitneedsherhelp.Farhanbroughtherlovefornaturetohercollegeyears.Shetookamaster’sdegreeinenvironmentalmanagementattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia.In2009,whilestudyingattheuniversity,shehadanopportunitytoworkwithCarbonCaptureandStorageInstitute,aninternationalthinktankthatfocusedoncarboncaptureandstoragetocutdownemissions(排放),andearnedsomemoney.In2012,alongwithseveralofhercoworkers,sheformedtheForest,Nature,andEnvironmentofAcehFoundation(HAkA).In2014,HAkAachievedonehugevictory.makinganoilcompanypay$30millionforthedamageitcausedtotheecosystem.FarhansaidthislandmarkvictorywashistoricbecauseitwasthefirsttimethatIndonesiahadfinedacompanyforburningforests.Besides,HAkAalsostoppedtheconstructionofadamthatputanelephanthabitatinIndonesiaatrisk.HAkA,nowa12-year-oldinstitution,alsohasprogramsforwomensuchasassistantlawyerandcitizenjournalismtrainingandforestguardgroups.Farhansaidtheysawaneedtoempowerwomenasprotectorsoftheenvironmentbecausewomenaremuchmoreaffectedbytheeffectsofenvironmentaldestructionandclimatechange.Theconservationistsaiddisasterssuchascropfailurescouldaffectthefinancialstatus(財政狀況)offamilies,makingitmorelikelyforthemtoforcewomentobeinarrangedmarriagestogetoutofpovertyorrelocatetoareasfullofviolence.Farhanhaswonseveralawardsandshecommented,“Theworkshouldincludeeveryonefromallwalksoflife.Therecognitionbelongstoallfightingontheground.”4.WhatdidnaturemeantoyoungFarhan?A.Amotherofallthings. B.Ashelterforwildlife.C.Amagicalthemepark. D.Acomfortingpartner.5.WhatdroveFarhantostartHAkA?A.Herworkingpressure. B.Hereconomiccondition.C.Herprograminuniversity. D.Herpassionfromchildhood.6.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkaboutconcerningHAkA?A.Itsstrictstandards. B.Itsbusinessmodel.C.Itsmajorsuccesses. D.Itsrunningsystem.7.WhydidFarhancallonwomentobeenvironmentalfighters?A.Theyaremoresubjecttoeco-crisis. B.Theirhopeforbetterjobsdisappears.C.Theyareloadedwithfamilyduties. D.Theirlifeisthreatenedbyviolence.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了印尼自然保護主義者法維扎·法爾漢（FarwizaFarhan）為了保護環(huán)境所付出的努力?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asachild,Farhanoftenclimbedtreeswhenevershehadproblems,stayingthereuntilshecalmeddown.Naturehasalwaysbeenthereforher.(法爾漢還是個孩子的時候，每當她遇到問題時，她就會爬上樹，呆在那里直到平靜下來。大自然一直陪伴著她)”可知，大自然是法爾漢小時候安慰的伙伴。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asachild,Farhanoftenclimbedtreeswhenevershehadproblems,stayingthereuntilshecalmeddown.Naturehasalwaysbeenthereforher.(法爾漢還是個孩子的時候，每當她遇到問題時，她就會爬上樹，呆在那里直到平靜下來。大自然一直陪伴著她)”以及第三段“Farhanbroughtherlovefornaturetohercollegeyears.(法爾漢把她對自然的熱愛帶到了大學時代)”以及“In2012,alongwithseveralofhercoworkers,sheformedtheForest,Nature,andEnvironmentofAcehFoundation(HAkA).(2012年，她與幾位同事一起成立了森林、自然與環(huán)境基金會（HAkA）)”可知，童年的激情促使法爾漢創(chuàng)辦HAkA。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“In2014,HAkAachievedonehugevictory.makinganoilcompanypay$30millionforthedamageitcausedtotheecosystem.FarhansaidthislandmarkvictorywashistoricbecauseitwasthefirsttimethatIndonesiahadfinedacompanyforburningforests.Besides,HAkAalsostoppedtheconstructionofadamthatputanelephanthabitatinIndonesiaatrisk.HAkA,nowa12-year-oldinstitution,alsohasprogramsforwomensuchasassistantlawyerandcitizenjournalismtrainingandforestguardgroups.(2014年，HAkA取得了一個巨大的勝利。讓一家石油公司為其對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成的破壞支付3000萬美元。法爾漢說，這一具有里程碑意義的勝利是歷史性的，因為這是印度尼西亞首次對焚燒森林的公司處以罰款。此外，HAkA還停止了一座危及印尼大象棲息地的大壩的建設。HAkA現(xiàn)在是一個有12年歷史的機構，它還為女性開設了助理律師、公民新聞培訓和森林保護組織等項目)”可知，第四段主要講了HAkA主要的成功。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Farhansaidtheysawaneedtoempowerwomenasprotectorsoftheenvironmentbecausewomenaremuchmoreaffectedbytheeffectsofenvironmentaldestructionandclimatechange.Theconservationistsaiddisasterssuchascropfailurescouldaffectthefinancialstatus(財政狀況)offamilies,makingitmorelikelyforthemtoforcewomentobeinarrangedmarriagestogetoutofpovertyorrelocatetoareasfullofviolence.(法爾漢說，他們認為有必要賦予女性保護環(huán)境的權力，因為女性受到環(huán)境破壞和氣候變化的影響要大得多。這位環(huán)保人士說，農作物歉收等自然災害可能會影響家庭的經濟狀況，使他們更有可能強迫婦女參加包辦婚姻，以擺脫貧困或搬遷到充滿暴力的地區(qū))”可知，法爾漢呼吁女性成為環(huán)境斗士是因為她們更容易受到生態(tài)危機的影響。故選A。CManypeoplehaveanimmediatenegativereactiontothewordfatButaccordingtoanewstudy,fattissue(組織)itselfisvery,veryimportantforhealth.It’sanimportantplacetostoretheextraenergyinourbody.Fattissueissupposedtobestoredundertheskin.Ifitcan’tgothere,it’sgoingtootherplacessuchasyourliver,heartorpancreas(胰腺).Morefatinthoseorganscouldaffecthowwelltheyfunction.Exercisingregularlyovertimemakesfattissueamoreaccommodatingplaceforextraenergyunderconditionswhenwedogainweight.Toseehowexerciseimpactsfattissue,researcherscomparedfattissuejustundertheskinfromtwogroupsof16peoplewithoverweightproblem:thosewhoreportedexercisingatleastfourtimesaweekforatleast2years,andthosewhodidnotexerciseregularly.Peoplewhohadahistoryofregularexerciseinthepasthadfatcellswithfeaturesthatallowedthemtostoremorefat.Resultfromtheformergroupshowedseveralstructuralchangesinfattissue,includingslightlysmallerfatcellsandmoreofthem,andchangesinproteins(蛋白質)thatadjustbodyfatremodeling.However,manyoftheabovechangesdisappearedwhenregularexercisestopped.Dr.Horowitz,professorofmovementstudiesattheUniversityofMichigan,said,“Thisisoneofthebigreasonswhyitissoimportanttobephysicallyactivemostdays.Alotofthebody’sexerciseshelpyoutokeepgoinglongerorpushharderinyourworks.”Thekeytakeawayofthestudyisthatwe’rebroadeningourunderstandingofwhyitishelpfultoexercise.Therearesomanywaystoexercise,andfiguringoutawaytomakeitpartofthedailyroutineplaysanimportantrole.Ofcourse,youshouldcheckwithyourdoctorfirsttomakesureit’ssafe.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutfattissuefromParagraph1?A.Itismostenergy-demanding. B.Ithaslittletodowithfatness.C.Itslocationmakesadifference. D.Itsfunctionistocontrolhealth.9.Howaretheparticipantsintheresearchgrouped?A.Bytheirhealthproblem. B.Bytheirbodyweight.C.Bytheirworkouthabit. D.Bytheirpersonalhobby.10.WhatisstressedinParagraph3?A.Weightlossdependsonlessfattissue. B.Exercisecanreshapeproteinstructure.C.Hardertrainingresultsinstrongerfattissue. D.Fattissueissensitivetoexercisefrequency.11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toraiseaproposal. B.Topresentevidence.C.Toprovethefinding. D.Toadvancethestudy.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了脂肪組織的位置不同會對身體有所影響，解釋了相關研究以及建議多鍛煉?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Fattissueissupposedtobestoredundertheskin.Ifitcan’tgothere,it’sgoingtootherplacessuchasyourliver,heartorpancreas(胰腺).Morefatinthoseorganscouldaffecthowwelltheyfunction.(脂肪組織應該儲存在皮膚下。如果它不能到達那里，它就會到達其他地方，比如肝臟、心臟或胰腺。這些器官中的脂肪過多會影響它們的功能)”可知，脂肪組織的位置不同會有影響。故選C。【9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Toseehowexerciseimpactsfattissue,researcherscomparedfattissuejustundertheskinfromtwogroupsof16peoplewithoverweightproblem:thosewhoreportedexercisingatleastfourtimesaweekforatleast2years,andthosewhodidnotexerciseregularly.(為了了解運動對脂肪組織的影響，研究人員比較了兩組16名有超重問題的人的皮下脂肪組織：一組報告說每周至少鍛煉四次，持續(xù)至少兩年，另一組不經常鍛煉)”可知，研究參與者通過鍛煉習慣進行分組。故選C?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Resultfromtheformergroupshowedseveralstructuralchangesinfattissue,includingslightlysmallerfatcellsandmoreofthem,andchangesinproteins(蛋白質)thatadjustbodyfatremodeling.However,manyoftheabovechangesdisappearedwhenregularexercisestopped.Dr.Horowitz,professorofmovementstudiesattheUniversityofMichigan,said,“Thisisoneofthebigreasonswhyitissoimportanttobephysicallyactivemostdays.Alotofthebody’sexerciseshelpyoutokeepgoinglongerorpushharderinyourworks.”(前一組的結果顯示，脂肪組織發(fā)生了一些結構變化，包括脂肪細胞略小，脂肪細胞更多，以及調節(jié)身體脂肪重塑的蛋白質發(fā)生了變化。然而，當停止定期鍛煉時，上述許多變化就消失了。密歇根大學運動研究教授霍洛維茨博士說：“這就是為什么大多數(shù)時候保持身體活躍是如此重要的一個重要原因。很多身體的鍛煉可以幫助你堅持更長時間或更努力地工作?！?”可知，第三段強調的是脂肪組織對運動頻率敏感。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thekeytakeawayofthestudyisthatwe’rebroadeningourunderstandingofwhyitishelpfultoexercise.Therearesomanywaystoexercise,andfiguringoutawaytomakeitpartofthedailyroutineplaysanimportantrole.Ofcourse,youshouldcheckwithyourdoctorfirsttomakesureit’ssafe.(這項研究的關鍵結論是，我們正在拓寬我們對為什么鍛煉有益的理解。鍛煉的方法有很多，找到一種方法使其成為日常生活的一部分起著重要的作用。當然，你應該先咨詢你的醫(yī)生，以確保它是安全的)”可知，最后一段的目的是提出建議。故選A。DWhydoesoneplusoneequaltwo?Onepossibleansweris“Itjustdoes!”Thatisreallyadifferentwayofsaying“BecauseIsaidso!”—ananswerthathasbeenannoyingchildrenforgenerations.Mathcanseemlikeaworldofrulesyoujusthavetofollow,whichmakesitseemboring.Butmyloveofmathissomewhatdrivenbymyloveofbreakingrulesoratleastpushingagainstthem,bothofwhichadvancehumanunderstandingandmathematicalunderstanding.Soratherthanthinkaboutwhyoneplusoneistwo,let’sgoalittlefurtherandquestionwhetherit’seventrueallthetime,myyouputonerabbitandanotherrabbittogether.Youmightendupwithmanyrabbits.Sometimes,ifyouputapileofsandontopofanother,thenyoujustgetonepileofsand.AndifIsay“I’mnotnothungry,”thatmeans“I’mhungry.”Youmightthinkthatthesearen’treallysituationsinwhichoneplusoneequalssomethingelse,becausetheyaren’treallyaddition,orbecausethosearen’treallynumbers.You’rewelcometothinkthat,butthat’snotwhatmathdoes.Mathinsteadsays:Let’sworkoutthecontextinwhichoneplusonereallydoesequaltwo,andcontextsinwhichitdoesn’t.Mathisn’treallyaboutgettingtherightanswer,it’saboutbuildinggoodexplanations.Imagineweweredesigningajungle(叢林)gymforchildren.We’dwanttotestitineverypossiblewaytomakesureit’ssafe.We’dwanttojumponit,fallfromit,andtrytopullitoutoftheground,ratherthansimplytrustingthatwebuiltitwell.Thesolidityofmathcomesfromwantingtoknowourframework(框架)willholdup.Oneofthereasonswhytheframeworkissostrongisthatwequestionitsodeeply.Ihopethatwewillstartseeingmathematicsasaplacetoraisequestionsandexploreanswers,ratherthanaplacewheretheanswersarefixedandwe’resupposedtoknowthem.12.Whydoestheauthorlovemath?A.Heenjoysthenumbergames. B.Hefindsuncertaintyinmath.C.Helikesgoingbeyondrules. D.Heknowsandfearsnothing.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Contextsdecidemathresults. B.Oneplusonealwaysequalstwo.C.Additionissometimesconfusing. D.Thereisnotricktolearningmath.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioningajunglegym?A.Safetycomesfirst. B.Testoutplaystrust.C.Mathkeepsmenexact. D.Practicemakesperfect.15.Howareweexpectedtolearnmathaccordingtothetext?A.Teamupeffectively. B.Questionreasonably.C.Reviewpatiently. D.Countfrequently.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要論述了作者喜愛數(shù)學的原因以及對如何學習數(shù)學的一些見解?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butmyloveofmathissomewhatdrivenbymyloveofbreakingrulesoratleastpushingagainstthem,bothofwhichadvancehumanunderstandingandmathematicalunderstanding.(但我對數(shù)學的熱愛在某種程度上是由我對打破規(guī)則的熱愛所驅動的，或者至少是對規(guī)則的挑戰(zhàn)，這兩者都促進了人類的理解和對數(shù)學的理解)”可知，作者喜歡數(shù)學因為喜歡打破常規(guī)。故選C。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Soratherthanthinkaboutwhyoneplusoneistwo,let’sgoalittlefurtherandquestionwhetherit’seventrueallthetime,myyouputonerabbitandanotherrabbittogether.Youmightendupwithmanyrabbits.Sometimes,ifyouputapileofsandontopofanother,thenyoujustgetonepileofsand.AndifIsay“I’mnotnothungry,”thatmeans“I’mhungry.”(所以與其思考為什么1加1等于2，不如進一步思考一下，如果你把一只兔子和另一只兔子放在一起，它是否一直都是正確的。你可能會得到很多兔子。有時候，如果你把一堆沙子放在另一堆沙子上，那么你只會得到一堆沙子。如果我說“我不是不餓”，意思是“我餓了”)”可知，語境決定數(shù)學成績。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Imagineweweredesigningajungle(叢林)gymforchildren.We’dwanttotestitineverypossiblewaytomakesureit’ssafe.We’dwanttojumponit,fallfromit,andtrytopullitoutoftheground,ratherthansimplytrustingthatwebuiltitwell.Thesolidityofmathcomesfromwantingtoknowourframework(框架)willholdup.Oneofthereasonswhytheframeworkissostrongisthatwequestionitsodeeply.(想象一下，我們正在為孩子們設計一個叢林健身房。我們想要用各種可能的方法來測試它，以確保它是安全的。我們想要跳上去，從上面掉下來，試著把它從地上拉出來，而不是簡單地相信我們把它造得很好。數(shù)學的堅固性來自于我們想知道我們的框架是否能夠支撐起來。這個框架如此強大的原因之一是我們對它的質疑如此深刻)”可知，作者提到攀爬架是為了表明測試勝過信任。故選B?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ihopethatwewillstartseeingmathematicsasaplacetoraisequestionsandexploreanswers,ratherthanaplacewheretheanswersarefixedandwe’resupposedtoknowthem.(我希望我們開始把數(shù)學看作是一個提出問題和探索答案的地方，而不是一個答案是固定的，我們應該知道它們的地方)”可知，學習數(shù)學應該合理提問。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Youcanlivealow-wastelifestyle.Thekeyistobecreativeaboutredesigningyourbehavior.Hereareafewsimplewaystoreduceyourtrashoutput.Writealistofthetrashyouproduce.Organizeitbytheroomsinyourhouseorbyactivity.Youmightwrite“foodwaste,plasticbagsandmetalcans”under“cooking”,etc.Thiswillhelpyoutrackthetrashyou’recreating.___16___Lookattheemptycontainersyouarethrowingawayandfigureoutalow-wastesolution.Reusetheminsteadofbuyingnewones.___17___Youmayalsoconsiderusinganemptyteacontainertostorerice.___18___YoucancutoldT-shirtsintopiecesforcleaningup.Moreover,thinkabouthowtocreativelysaveyourfood.Forexample,putoverripebananasinthefreezertomakebananabreadlater.Oruseanorangeskintomakeacandleusingvegetableoil.Alow-wastelifestyleisn’tjustaboutwhatyoudoathome.___19___Chooseadigitalreceiptatshopsinsteadofapaperone.Wheneatingout,bringyourownreusablefork.Oraskthewaiterstofillupyourowncoffeecupinsteadofasingle-useone.Remember,reducingwasteisaboutfindingsustainablechangesthatfityourlifestyle.___20___.You’llbepartofthesolutiontoenvironmentalpollutionandclimatechange.A.Startsmallandbuildup.B.Wastewillendupinlandfills.C.Theycanbegivenbacktoshops.D.Trytorescuewhatevercanbeused.E.YoucanuseemptyboxestostorecandiesF.Thus,youcanidentifymanageablewaystoreduceit.G.Itisalsoaboutlookingforwaystoautwasteelsewhere【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.G20.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。你可以過一種低浪費的生活，關鍵是要創(chuàng)造性地重新設計你的行為。文章主要就減少垃圾產生給出了一些建議?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Writealistofthetrashyouproduce.Organizeitbytheroomsinyourhouseorbyactivity.Youmightwrite“foodwaste,plasticbagsandmetalcans”under“cooking”,etc.Thiswillhelpyoutrackthetrashyou’recreating.(把你制造的垃圾寫一張清單。按房間或活動來組織。你可以在“烹飪”下面寫“食物垃圾、塑料袋和金屬罐”等等。這將幫助你跟蹤你在制造的垃圾)”可知，上文建議為制造的垃圾寫清單，本句為本段最后一句，故說明這么做的好處。故F選項“這樣，你可以找到可管理的方法來減少它”符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Lookattheemptycontainersyouarethrowingawayandfigureoutalow-wastesolution.Reusetheminsteadofbuyingnewones.(看看你扔掉的空容器，找出一個低浪費的解決方案。重復使用，而不是買新的)”以及后文“Youmayalsoconsiderusinganemptyteacontainertostorerice.(你也可以考慮用一個空的茶葉容器來儲存大米)”可知，空格處句子與后文并列，都是針對如何重新利用空容器進行舉例說明。故E選項“你可以用空盒子儲存糖果”符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文“YoucancutoldT-shirtsintopiecesforcleaningup.Moreover,thinkabouthowtocreativelysaveyourfood.Forexample,putoverripebananasinthefreezertomakebananabreadlater.Oruseanorangeskintomakeacandleusingvegetableoil.(你可以把舊T恤剪成碎片以便清理。此外，想想如何創(chuàng)造性地保存你的食物。例如，把熟透的香蕉放在冰箱里，以后做香蕉面包?；蛘哂瞄僮悠び弥参镉妥鱿灎T)”可知，本段主要就如何重新利用家中的物品進行了說明。故D選項“盡力搶救一切可用的東西”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Alow-wastelifestyleisn’tjustaboutwhatyoudoathome.(低浪費的生活方式不僅僅是你在家做的事情)”可知，上文提到“低浪費的生活方式不僅僅是你在家做的事情”，推測本句承接上文，進一步解釋說明低浪費的生活方式的意義。故G選項“這也是關于尋找其他地方不浪費的方法”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Remember,reducingwasteisaboutfindingsustainablechangesthatfityourlifestyle.(記住，減少浪費就是找到適合你生活方式的可持續(xù)變化)”以及后文“You’llbepartofthesolutiontoenvironmentalpollutionandclimatechange.(你將成為解決環(huán)境污染和氣候變化的一份子)”可知，本段為總結段落，上文提到減少浪費是找到可持續(xù)變化，說明是一個過程，需要慢慢開始。故A選項“從小處開始，慢慢積累”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenIfinallyachievedmylifelongdreamtocompletemyPhD(博士學位),itwaswithmydaughter.Ihadalwayshad___21___inmystudies.BythetimeIcompletedmyMaster’sinEconomicsin1985,IwassurethatI___22___togetaPhD.Withinayearaftermypostgraduate,Ifaceda___23___intheroad:Ajobopportunity.Idecidedtoputmydegree___24___.Afewyearsdowntheline,Igotmarriedandhadmyfirstchild.In2007,opportunitycame___25___again.ButperhapsI___26___toosoon.Oneday,duringanearly-morninghike,Isuddenly___27___andfell,seriouslyinjuringmyleftankle.Sixmonthslater,___28___asIwas,thestepsforPhDwereallimpossible.Forthenextfiveyears,I___29___onnewpostingsandmydayswerefilledwithworkandfamily.WhenmyelderdaughterShreyabeganaPhD,itseemedliketheperfectopportunityto____30____heronthePhDjourney.InDecember2012,Ieventually____31____myPhDprogrammeatDelhiUniversity.Istillremembertheprofessorandstudentslooked____32____surprisedwhentheysawa50-somethingstudentinclass.Lifegetsinthewayand____33____youoffcourse.Butstaying____34____totheoriginalselfandhavingbeliefinyourselfmakeallthedifference,especiallywhenyou’reontheroadless____35____.21.A.confidence B.support C.time D.trouble22.A.managed B.wanted C.dared D.begged23.A.crash B.sign C.fork D.stage24.A.inhand B.inreturn C.onpurpose D.onhold25.A.missing B.knocking C.warning D.cheering26.A.dropped B.changed C.celebrated D.agreed27.A.tripped B.moved C.stopped D.rushed28.A.grounded B.excited C.alarmed D.pained29.A.relied B.focused C.checked D.planned30.A.encourage B.trust C.push D.partner31.A.quitted B.copied C.discovered D.started32.A.predictably B.comfortably C.strangely D.coldly33.A.sends B.burns C.forces D.cuts34.A.simple B.equal C.true D.clear35.A.travelled B.opened C.blocked D.preferred【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.A29.B30.D31.D32.A33.C34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一直懷揣攻讀博士學位的夢想，但因工作和家庭等因素多次擱置，后來在50多歲時和女兒一起開啟博士課程，最終實現(xiàn)夢想，并感悟到忠于本真和相信自己的重要性?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直對自己的學業(yè)充滿信心。A.confidence信心；B.support支持；C.time時間；D.trouble麻煩。根據(jù)下文“BythetimeIcompletedmyMaster’sinEconomicsin1985,IwassurethatI______togetaPhD.”可知，作者讀完經濟學碩士學位，還計劃攻讀博士學位，因此是對自己的學業(yè)充滿信心。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：1985年我完成經濟學碩士學位時，就確定自己想要攻讀博士學位。A.managed設法做到；B.wanted想要；C.dared敢于；D.begged懇求。根據(jù)上文“WhenIfinallyachievedmylifelongdreamtocompletemyPhD(博士學位)”可知，攻讀博士學位是作者畢生的夢想，因此是確定自己想要攻讀博士學位。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：研究生畢業(yè)后不到一年，我就面臨著一個岔路口：一個工作機會。A.crash碰撞；B.sign標志；C.fork岔路口；D.stage階段。根據(jù)下文“Ajobopportunity”可知，作者碩士畢業(yè)后得到了一個工作機會，這和之前她規(guī)劃的繼續(xù)攻讀學位的計劃有沖突，因此是指面臨著一個岔路口，岔路口代表人生中的重要選擇和決策點?。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我決定暫緩攻讀博士學位。A.inhand在手中；B.inreturn作為回報；C.onpurpose故意；D.onhold暫停。根據(jù)下文“Afewyearsdowntheline,Igotmarriedandhadmyfirstchild.”可知，作者接下來結了婚并迎來了第一個孩子，因此她是決定暫緩攻讀博士學位，短語putsth.onhold意為“暫停某事”。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2007年，機會再次降臨。A.missing錯過；B.knocking敲擊；C.warning警告；D.cheering歡呼。根據(jù)下文“thestepsforPhDwereallimpossible”可知，作者是打算申請攻讀博士學位的，因此是指機會再次敲門，即機會再次降臨。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但或許我慶祝得太早了。A.dropped掉落；B.changed改變；C.celebrated慶祝；D.agreed答應。根據(jù)下文“thestepsforPhDwereallimpossible”可知，對于作者而言，她又一次無法攻讀博士學位，由此推知，她為新機會慶祝得太早了。故選C。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天清晨徒步時，我突然絆倒，左腳踝嚴重受傷。A.tripped絆倒；B.moved移動；C.stopped停止；D.rushed匆忙。根據(jù)下文“andfell,seriouslyinjuringmyleftankle”可推知，作者是突然絆倒，導致左腳踝嚴重受傷。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：六個月后，盡管我被禁足了，但攻讀博士學位的步驟是不可能的。A.grounded被罰不準出門的；B.excited興奮的；C.alarmed驚慌的；D.pained痛苦的。根據(jù)上文“Oneday,duringanearly-morninghike,Isuddenly______andfell,seriouslyinjuringmyleftankle.”可知，作者在徒步時左腳踝嚴重受傷，因此六個月后應該還沒有完全恢復，無法出門，被禁足在家。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的五年里，我專注于新的工作崗位，日子里滿是工作和家庭。A.relied依靠；B.focused關注；C.checked檢查；D.planned計劃。根據(jù)下文“mydayswerefilledwithworkandfamily”可知，作者的日子里滿是工作和家庭，因此是專注于新的工作崗位，短語focuson意為“專注于”。故選B。【30題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我的大女兒Shreya開始攻讀博士學位時，這似乎是一個絕佳的機會，能讓我和她結伴踏上攻讀博士的征程。A.encourage鼓勵；B.trust信任；C.push推動；D.partner結成伙伴。根據(jù)上文“WhenIfinallyachievedmylifelongdreamtocompletemyPhD(博士學位),itwaswithmydaughter.”可知，作者和女兒一起完成攻讀博士學位，因此是和女兒結伴踏上攻讀博士的征程。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2012年12月，我最終在德里大學開始了我的博士課程。A.quitted離開；B.copied復制；C.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.started開始。根據(jù)下文“Istillremembertheprofessorandstudentslooked______surprisedwhentheysawa50-somethingstudentinclass.”可知，作者進入課堂，重新做回學生，因此是在德里大學開始了自己的博士課程。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然記得，當教授和學生看到一個50多歲的學生在課堂上時，他們都表現(xiàn)出意料之中的驚訝。A.predictably可預見地；B.comfortably舒適地；C.strangely奇怪地；D.coldly冷淡地。根據(jù)下文“whentheysawa50-somethingstudentinclass”可推知，教授和其他學生看到作者這樣一個50多歲的學生，按照常理來預測，會驚訝是很正常的，因此是指他們都表現(xiàn)出意料之中的驚訝。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：生活總會橫生枝節(jié)，迫使你偏離原定軌跡。A.sends發(fā)送；B.burns燃燒；C.forces迫使；D.cuts切割。根據(jù)上文“Lifegetsintheway”可知，生活總會橫生枝節(jié)，因此會迫使人偏離原定軌跡。故選C。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但忠于本真、相信自己至關重要，尤其是當你踏上一條少有人走的路時。A.simple簡單的；B.equal平等的；C.true忠實的；D.clear清楚的。根據(jù)下文“havingbeliefinyourself”可推知，與相信自己呼應的應該是忠于本真，短語staytrueto意為“忠于，堅持”。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但忠于本真、相信自己至關重要，尤其是當你踏上一條少有人走的路時。A.travelled走過；B.opened打開；C.blocked堵塞；D.preferred更喜歡。根據(jù)上文敘述的作者在50多歲時和女兒一起開啟博士課程，最終實現(xiàn)攻讀博士學位的夢想可知，作者選擇了一條很少有人選擇走的路，因此這里強調的是踏上一條少有人走的路的情況。故選A。高一英語試題第10頁（共12頁）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容或括號內所給詞的恰當形式填空。Peruisacountry___36___thePacificcoastofSouthAmerica.It___37___(have)threemainareas:narrow,dry,andflatland___38___(run)alongshecoast,theAndesMountains,andtheAmazonrainforest.Inthepast,Peru___39___(rule)bySpainfromthesixteenthcenturyto1821.ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.【答案】36.on37.has38.running39.wasruled【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了秘魯?shù)淖匀坏乩砬闆r以及歷史?！?6題詳析】考查介詞。句意：秘魯是南美洲太平洋沿岸的一個國家。表示在南美洲太平洋沿岸，應用介詞on。故填on。【37題詳析】考查時態(tài)。句意：它有三個主要區(qū)域：沿著海岸的狹窄、干燥和平坦的土地，安第斯山脈和亞馬遜雨林。陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為It，謂語用三單形式。故填has?！?8題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：它有三個主要區(qū)域：沿著海岸的狹窄、干燥和平坦的土地，安第斯山脈和亞馬遜雨林。run和land之間是主謂關系，使用現(xiàn)在分詞，作后置定語。故填running?！?9題詳析】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在過去，秘魯從16世紀到1821年被西班牙統(tǒng)治。主語thecentreofthepowerfulancientIncaEmpire和動詞rule之間是被動關系，結合“Inthepast”可知，此處使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語表示單數(shù)意義，謂語用單數(shù)。故填wasruled。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容或括號內所給詞的恰當形式填空。Therearesignsbeforenaturaldisasters.Butpeopletendnottothinkmuchofthem.NeitherdidpeopleinTangshanin1976.At3:42a.m.onJuly28,___40___theearthbegantoshake,the___41___(city)onemillionpeoplewereasleepasusual.Oneofthemostdeadly___42___(earthquake)ofthe20thcenturydestroyedallthecityalmostinlessthanoneminute.【答案】40.when41.city’s42.earthquakes【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了唐山地震發(fā)生前的先兆?！?0題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：7月28日凌晨3點42分大地開始震動，這座城市的100萬人像往常一樣在睡夢中。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞3:42a.m.onJuly28，在從句作時間狀語，故填when?！?1題詳析】考查所有格。句意：7月28日凌晨3點42分大地開始震動，這座城市的100萬人像往常一樣在睡夢中。此處city與people為所屬關系，用名詞所有格形式。故填city’s?！?2題詳析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：20世紀最致命的地震之一幾乎在一分鐘內就摧毀了整個城市。此處為oneof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。故填earthquakes。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容