江蘇省南京市五校2023-2024學年高二下學期期初調研測試英語試題試卷（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南京市五校2023-2024學年高二下學期期初調研測試英語試卷第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATisanonlinetypingtutorforstudentsofallages.T’sprovencurriculumhelpsstudentsfrombeginnerstoadvancedlearners,focusingontechnique,accuracy,andspeed.Thefollowingaresomefrequentlyaskedquestionsabouttypingonourwebsite.Howlongdoesittaketotypewithoutlookingatthekeyboard?Anaveragestudentwithoutlearningdifferenceswilllearntotouchtypewithineighttotenhours.Theymaybetouchtypingataveryslowspeed(8-15wordsperminute).Isitbadtolookatthekeyboardwhentyping?Yes.Notonlydoesitpreventyoufrompracticingyourfingering,butitalsoslowsyoudownandmakesyoutypelessaccurately.It'sfarmoredifficulttonoticemistakeswhenyou'renotlookingatthescreen.Howdoyougetfasterattyping?Themostimportanttechniquetolearntotypefasteristouchtyping.Thisisatechniquebasedondevelopingmusclememoryforyourfingers.HowcanIlearntotypecorrectly?Focusonaccuracyratherthanspeed.Usetheentirekeyboardcorrectly.Learnsomekeyboardshortcuts.Practiceeveryday.HowdoIincreasemytypingspeed?Arrangeyourfingersproperly.Themostimportantstepinimprovingyourtypingspeedisensuringthatyouplaceyourfingerscorrectlyonthekeyboard.Resttheindexfinger(食指)ofyourlefthandonthe“F”keyandtheindexfingerofyourrighthandonthe“J”key.Isfree?Tisafreeonlinetypingtutoranddigitalliteracy(讀寫能力)platformusedbymillionsofstudentsandeducationprofessionalsaroundtheworld.Weaimtoprovidevaluablelearningtoolstoasmanyschoolteachersandstudentsaspossible.21.Whatdoweknowabout?A.Itchargesverylittle. B.Itissuitableforeverystudent.C.Ithelpstoimprovewritingskills. D.Itcanautomaticallycorrecttypingerrors.22.WhomightbeinterestedinT?A.Managers. B.Salesmen. C.Athletes. D.Teachers.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topromoteatypingwebsite. B.Tosharetypingexperience.C.Tocorrecttypingmistakes. D.Toteachtypingskills.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了Typing.com是一個面向所有年齡段學生的在線打字輔導網站，并回答了一些網站上關于打字的一些常見問題?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段“Typing.comisanonlinetypingtutorforstudentsofallages.(Typing.com是一個面向所有年齡段學生的在線打字輔導網站)”可知，Typing.com這個網站適合每個學生。故選B項?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Typing.comisafreeonlinetypingtutoranddigitalliteracy(讀寫能力)platformusedbymillionsofstudentsandeducationprofessionalsaroundtheworld.(Typing.com是一個免費的在線打字導師和數(shù)字掃盲平臺，被全球數(shù)百萬學生和教育專業(yè)人士使用。)”可知，老師可能會對這個網站感興趣。故選D項。【23題詳析】推理判斷題。分析全文內容可知，文章主要介紹了Typing.com是一個面向所有年齡段學生的在線打字輔導網站，并回答了一些網站上關于打字的一些常見問題。再根據文章最后一段中“Weaimtoprovidevaluablelearningtoolstoasmanyschoolteachersandstudentsaspossible.(我們的目標是為盡可能多的學校教師和學生提供有價值的學習工具。)”可知，本文的主要目的是為了推廣這個打字網站。故選A項。BMaryDickinshadbeenamemberoftheaudienceatpoetrynightsbeforeandknew“thepoetryclap”.Shemadeapolitetappingoffingers.Butwhenshemadeherdebut(首次演出)asaperformerattheageof62atthelegendaryBangSaidtheGunnightinsouthLondon,shesaid,“Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore.”Theaudiencestampedtheirfeetandshookshakers.“Itfelttransformative.Ithought,‘I’vegottohavemoreofthis.’”Dickinssaid.Becomingaperformancepoethasgivenheraplaceonastageofherownmaking.Allherlifeshehaswrittenismostlywithoutbeingseenorheard.Hermotherdiedwhenshewasnine,and,aftershewentintoacarehomeat13,Dickins’writingstayedinnotebooks.Really,shesays,alotofheradultlifehasbeenaboutgettingoverchildhoodshyness.Atuniversity—shestudiededucation—shemetherhusbandof40years,butinthreeyearsofseminarsshedidnotsayaword.Someoftheseresultsfromheryearsatthechildren’shome.Shesays,“Itgavemeasenseofwhatit’sliketobeexcluded.Ineverfittedinanywhere.”Aftershegraduated,shediscoveredthatshelovedworkingwithpeoplewithlearningdisabilities.Shebecameanexpertininclusiveeducation.“Thatwasmyniche(稱心的職業(yè)),”shesays.ShepublishedbooksandreturnedtotheUniversityofNorthLondonasaseniorlecturerinearlychildhoodstudies.Dickinsnowseesthatinadulthoodshehasbeengivingherselfpermissiontobesilly.“ThesillierIallowmyselftobe,thebetterthewritingis,”shesays.Herobservationsarehumorous.“Puttingthingsintowordsandgivingshapetoyouremotionsisanimportantpartofcomingtotermswiththethingsthathappeninlife,”shesays.Doesshestillfeellikeanoutsider?“IthinkI’vemadeitintoavirtue.IcelebratethefactthatIdon’tfitintoabox.Finally!Youhavetowaittillyou’re62tofeelconfident!”shesays.“ButIhaveasenseofwhoIamandI’mproudofit.Iwouldn’tbeanyoneelsenow—andittookmealongtimetosaythat.”24.HowdidDickinsfeelaboutherdebut?A.Nervous. B.Anxious. C.Encouraged. D.Relieved.25.WhywasDickinslackinginasenseofbelonging?A.Herearlystayatthecarehome.B.Herinexperiencedwritingskills.C.Herstrugglewithheruniversitystudies.D.Herpoorrelationshipwithherhusband.26.HowdoeswritingbenefitDickins?A.Ithelpsherlandagoodjob.B.Itdevelopshersenseofhumor.C.Itmakesherovercomeherlearningdisabilities.D.Itenableshertogetonwellwithherlife.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MaryDickins’FirstPerformanceB.MaryDickins’NewStartafter60C.MaryDickins’TroubledWritingCareerD.MaryDickins’InfluenceonPerformancePoets【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了MaryDickins在60歲以后成為一名表演詩人并由此重獲新生的故事?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段的“Butwhenshemadeherdebut(首次演出)asaperformerattheageof62atthelegendaryBangSaidtheGunnightinsouthLondon,shesaid,“Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore.”(但當她62歲時在倫敦南部傳奇的“槍炮之夜”上首次以表演者的身份亮相時，她說：“這太瘋狂了，我以前從未見過?！?”以及““Itfelttransformative.Ithought,‘I’vegottohavemoreofthis,’”Dickinssaid.Becomingaperformancepoethasgivenheraplaceonastageofherownmaking.(“我覺得這是一種變革。我想，‘我得多點這樣的表演，’”Dickins說。成為一名表演詩人讓她在自己創(chuàng)造的舞臺上占據了一席之地)”可知，Dickins首次作為表演者登臺時觀眾的反應很瘋狂，這種體驗是她從未經歷過的，但她很喜歡，成為表演詩人讓Dickins在舞臺上有了自己的一席之地。由此推知，當Dickins第一次上臺表演詩歌后，觀眾的反應使她大受鼓舞。故選C?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的“Atuniversity—shestudiededucation—shemetherhusbandof40years,butinthreeyearsofseminarsshedidnotsayaword.Someoftheseresultsfromheryearsatthechildren’shome.Shesays,“Itgavemeasenseofwhatit’sliketobeexcluded.Ineverfittedinanywhere.”(在大學里，她學習教育，遇到了相戀40年的丈夫，但在三年的研討會上，她一句話也沒說。其中一些是她在兒童之家工作多年的結果。她說：“這讓我明白了被排斥的感覺。我從來沒有融入過任何地方?！?”可知，Dickins在兒童之家生活多年的經歷讓她覺得自己被排斥在外，在任何地方都格格不入，很沒有歸屬感。故選A?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據倒數(shù)第三段““Puttingthingsintowordsandgivingshapetoyouremotionsisanimportantpartofcomingtotermswiththethingsthathappeninlife,”shesays.(她說：“把事情用語言表達出來，塑造你的情緒，是接受生活中發(fā)生的事情的重要組成部分?！?”可推知，寫作使她更好地接納生活中發(fā)生的一切，讓她與自己的生活講和。故選D?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Butwhenshemadeherdebut(首次演出)asaperformerattheageof62atthelegendaryBangSaidtheGunnightinsouthLondon,shesaid,“Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore.”(但當她62歲時在倫敦南部傳奇的“槍炮之夜”上首次以表演者的身份亮相時，她說：“這太瘋狂了，我以前從未見過。”)”是對Dickins在62歲時首次登臺演出的描寫，以及最后一段“Finally!Youhavetowaittillyou’re62tofeelconfident!”shesays.“ButIhaveasenseofwhoIamandI’mproudofit.Iwouldn’tbeanyoneelsenow—andittookmealongtimetosaythat.”(最后你必須等到62歲才有自信！”她說?！暗抑雷约菏钦l，我為此感到驕傲。我現(xiàn)在不會成為其他人了——我花了很長時間才這么說?！?”她提到自己通過寫作和表演克服害羞、找到自信可知，本文主要講述了MaryDickins在60歲以后成為一名表演詩人并由此重獲新生的故事。由此可知，A項“MaryDickins在60歲后的新開始”為最佳標題。故選B。COfficialsofDetroit,Michigan,haveequippedapieceofroadwithnewtechnologydesignedtochargeelectricvehicles(EVs)onthepath.Theroadwayismeanttoserveasademonstrationprojectforthetechnology,whichcouldbeexpandedtolargerroadsystems.Thesystemusesaseriesofcopperwiresplacedunderneaththeroad.ThesewireshavetheabilitytosendelectricitythroughamagneticfieldtochargeanEV’sbattery.Chargingcanhappenwhilethecarisdrivingorsittingabovetheequipment.Electreonsaystheelectricroadsystemissafeforpeopleandanimalswalkingoveritanddoesnotharmdrivers.ThetechnologywascreatedbyElectreon,adeveloperofwirelesschargingsolutionsforEVs.StefanTongur,Electreon’svicepresidentofbusinessdevelopment,toldTheAssociatedPressEVsrequirespecialequipmenttoreceivethewirelesssignal.“Thetechnologyissmart,”Tongursaid,and“knowswhoyouare...”Theelectrifiedroadstretchesaboutonehalf-kilometer.Itwillbeusedtotestandimprovethetechnologyinpreparationforwiderreleases.Tongursaidtheprojectaimsto“demonstratehowwirelesschargingunlockswidespreadEVadoption,addressinglimitedrange,grid(電網)limitations,andbatterysizeandcosts.”Helooksforwardtoafutureinwhich,inhiswords,“EVsarethenorm,nottheexception.”Michigan’sDepartmentofTransportation(DOT)signedafive-yearagreementwithElectreontodeveloptheroadwaychargingsystem.Officialshavesaidtheyplantobuildanotherelectrifiedstretchofroadinanotherpartofthecity.Michigantransportationofficialssaythewireless-chargingroadwayprojecthashelpedpositionthestateandcityofDetroitasnationalleadersinEVtechnology.“InMichigan,wewanttostayaheadofthecurve,”MichiganDOTDirectorBradleyC.WieferichtoldtheAP.28.Whatisthenewtechnologyintendedtodo?A.ImproveEVs’batteries. B.Demonstrateaproject.C.Expandroadsystems. D.SupplypowertoEVs.29.Whatdoweknowabouttheelectricroadsystem?A.Peopleandanimalsmaygetanelectricshocknearit.B.EVsarechargedthroughcontactwithitscopperwires.C.ItchargesEVsonlyiftheystaystillontheequipment.D.Aspecialdeviceisneededtopickupitswirelesssignals.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“stayaheadofthecurve”?A.Developmoresmoothly. B.Makeprogressintheindustry.C.Taketheleadinthefield. D.Achieveagoalaheadoftime.31.WhatisBradley’sattitudetowardstheproject?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Objective. D.Skeptical.【答案】28.D29.D30.C31.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了美國密歇根州底特律市在一條公路上配備的專為行駛中的電動汽車充電的技術?！?8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段第一句“OfficialsofDetroit,Michigan,haveequippedapieceofroadwithnewtechnologydesignedtochargeelectricvehicles(EVs)onthepath.(美國密歇根州底特律市的官員在一條公路上配備了專為行駛中的電動汽車充電的技術)”可知，這種新技術是用來給電動汽車充電的。故選D?！?9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“StefanTongur,Electreon’svicepresidentofbusinessdevelopment,toldTheAssociatedPressEVsrequirespecialequipmenttoreceivethewirelesssignal.(StefanTongur是Electreon公司的業(yè)務發(fā)展副總裁，他告訴美聯(lián)社，電動汽車需要特殊的設備來接收無線信號)”可知，電動汽車需要特殊的設備來接收無線信號。故選D。【30題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據最后一段中的“Michigantransportationofficialssaythewireless-chargingroadwayprojecthashelpedpositionthestateandcityofDetroitasnationalleadersinEVtechnology.(密歇根州交通官員表示，無線充電道路項目幫助該州和底特律市成為電動汽車技術的全國領先者)”可知，無線充電道路項目有助于將該州和底特律市定位為電動汽車技術的全國領導者，所以他們希望在該領域保持領先地位。stayaheadofthecurve意為“保持領先地位”。故選C。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后一句“‘InMichigan,wewanttostayaheadofthecurve,’MichiganDOTDirectorBradleyC.WieferichtoldtheAP.(密歇根州交通部主任BradleyC.Wieferich告訴美聯(lián)社：‘在密歇根州，我們希望保持領先地位。’)”可知，Bradley對這個項目持贊成的態(tài)度。故選A。DGoingagainstthetideofflockingtowell-knowntouristdestinationsonvacation,agrowingnumberofholidaymakersinChinatendtospendtheirleisuretimeatlesser-knownattractions.Reversetourism(逆向旅游)hasappearedasanewtrendamongyoungholidaymakersinChina.Accordingtodatafromanonlinetravelagency,thenumberofroomsbookedathotelsinless-traveledcitiesduringtheholidaywasup30percentyear-on-year.Bookingsforfour-starorfive-starhotelsinless-traveledplacesallincreasedtentimesataminimum.Somelesser-knownscenicspotsposteddouble-digit(兩位數(shù)的)growthduringtheholiday.BaimaiquanParkinJinan,thecapitalofShandongProvince,received52,100visitsinthesevendays,upto15.78percentyear-over-year.Besidescrowds,somevacationerschoseless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostoftripstopopulardestinations.Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenotas“commercial”asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermoreactualexperiencesandnaturalencounters.Essentiallyspeaking,totalrelaxationisbecomingarealexpectationformanypeoplewhentheytravel.Changesindemandmaybethefundamentalreasonforthepopularityofreversetourism.COVID-19isanotherkeyfactorfuelingreversetourism.Aspreventivemeasurescontinue,travelinghasanunpredictablequality.Travelershavethusbecomemorecautiousandtendtochooselocalattractionsorplaceswithfewertourists.“Theriseofreversetourismisnotabadthing,”saidZhengzhouDaily.Itmeansthatvacationersnowhavemoreoptions,whichbringsmorepossibilitiestothetourismmarket.Moreimportantly,itnoted,thetrendissettoforcepopulardestinationstoimprovethemselvesinsteadofrestingontheirpasthonor.JiangHan,aseniorresearcher,saidthatreversetourismwillbecomeoneofthefuturedirectionsforthemarket.Togivearealboosttothetourismmarket,Jiangsuggestedthatmoreeffortsbemadetotapthepotentialofunderestimated,lesser-knowndestinations.Itisnecessarytodigdeeperintothelocalcustomsandhighlightthelocalcharacteristicstoimprovethequalityoflocaltourism.32.Whatdothestatisticsinparagraph2tellus?A.ThepopularityoftravelagencyinChina.B.Thehighincomeofhotelsduringholidays.C.Thecontributionsoftourismtotheeconomy.D.TheincreasingtrendofreversetourisminChina.33.Whatmaybetherootcauseoftheriseofreversetourism?A.TheimpactofCOVID-19.B.Holidaymakers’changingneedsfortravel.C.Thelowercostofheadingtoless-traveledplaces.D.Thelackofinnovativeimprovementsinfamousattractions.34.WhatdoesZhengzhouDailythinkofreversetourism?A.Itwilldropwiththerecoveryofeconomy.B.Itbenefitsbothtouristsandthetourismmarket.C.Itisbeneficialtospreadlocalculturetotourists.D.Itblocksthedevelopmentofsomepopularresorts.35.WhatisJiangHan’sadviceondevelopingthetourismmarket?A.Upgradingthesupportingfacilitiesintouristareas.B.Improvingthemanagementrulesoftouristattractionsfurther.C.Exploringthepotentialandfeaturesoflesser-knownattractions.D.PromotingthelocalcharacteristicsofChinathroughonlinemedia.【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了逆向旅游這一旅游新趨勢，分析了其興起的原因和意義?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第二段的內容“Accordingtodatafromanonlinetravelagency,thenumberofroomsbookedathotelsinless-traveledcitiesduringtheholidaywasup30percentyear-on-year.Bookingsforfour-starorfive-starhotelsinless-traveledplacesallincreasedtentimesataminimum.Somelesser-knownscenicspotsposteddouble-digit(兩位數(shù)的)growthduringtheholiday.BaimaiquanParkinJinan,thecapitalofShandongProvince,received52,100visitsinthesevendays,upto15.78percentyear-over-year.(根據一家在線旅行社的數(shù)據，在旅游較少的城市，假期期間酒店預訂的房間數(shù)量同比增長了30%。在人跡罕至的地方，四星級或五星級酒店的預訂量都至少增加了10倍。一些不太知名的景點在假期期間實現(xiàn)了兩位數(shù)的增長。山東省省會濟南的百脈泉公園在7天內接待了52100名游客，同比增長15.78%。)”可知，第二段主要講的是逆向旅游在中國呈上升趨勢。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“Besidescrowds,somevacationerschoseless-traveledplacestosaveonthecostoftripstopopulardestinations.Inaddition,lesser-knownattractionsarenotas“commercial”asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermoreactualexperiencesandnaturalencounters.(除了擁擠之外，一些度假者選擇人跡少的地方，以節(jié)省前往熱門目的地的費用。此外，不太知名的景點不像發(fā)達景點那樣“商業(yè)化”，能夠提供更多的實際體驗和自然接觸。)”以及第四段“Essentiallyspeaking,totalrelaxationisbecomingarealexpectationformanypeoplewhentheytravel.(從本質上講，完全放松正在成為許多人旅行時的真實期望。)”可知，度假者不斷變化的旅行需求是逆向旅游興起的根本原因。故選B項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段“‘Theriseofreversetourismisnotabadthing,’saidZhengzhouDaily.Itmeansthatvacationersnowhavemoreoptions,whichbringsmorepossibilitiestothetourismmarket.Moreimportantly,itnoted,thetrendissettoforcepopulardestinationstoimprovethemselvesinsteadofrestingontheirpasthonor.(《鄭州日報》稱：‘逆向旅游的興起并非壞事?！@意味著度假者現(xiàn)在有了更多的選擇，這給旅游市場帶來了更多的可能性。報告指出，更重要的是，這一趨勢將迫使熱門旅游目的地改善自身，而不是停留在過去的榮譽上。)”可知，《鄭州日報》認為逆向旅游對游客和旅游市場都有好處。故選B項?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段“Togivearealboosttothetourismmarket,Jiangsuggestedthatmoreeffortsbemadetotapthepotentialofunderestimated,lesser-knowndestinations.Itisnecessarytodigdeeperintothelocalcustomsandhighlightthelocalcharacteristicstoimprovethequalityoflocaltourism.(為了真正提振旅游市場，Jiang建議要加大力度開發(fā)那些被低估的、不太為人所知的目的地的潛力。要深入挖掘地方風土人情，突出地方特色，提高地方旅游質量。)”可知，JiangHan建議發(fā)現(xiàn)人跡罕至的景點的潛力和特色。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Asthesayinggoes,failureisthemotherofsuccess.Manyofusweretoldfromanearlyagethat,atschoolorinlife,“youlearnfromyourmistakes.”Isthisactuallytrue?Theshortansweris“yes”.___36___Becausewewouldnotliketofail,learningfromourmistakesis,inreality,veryhard.Itdoesn’tfeelgood.Sowereacttofailureinemotionalways,likegivinguponataskeasily,tellingourselveswedon’tcarewhetherwesucceed,orfindingfaultwiththetaskitself.Thisisself-protective,accordingtoHallgeirSjastad,apsychologyprofessor.Inhisopinion,mostofuswanttothinkofourselvesascapable.___37___Fortunatelytherearestrategiestohelpusovercometheemotionalbarriers.___38___.Insteadofasking“WhydidIfail?”,wecouldask“WhydidSamfail?”,forexample.Multiplestudiesshowthiswayhelpstosoftenournegativeemotionalreactions.Alsoitallowsustolookatfailuremoreobjectively.___39___Thisledtobetterlevelsofmotivationandacademicsuccessinthetestgroups—involvingbothadultsandchildren—thatwereaskedtogiveadvicebasedontheirownfailures.ProfessorEskreis-Winklerfoundthatthesatisfactionofhelpingothers“forcespeopletoengagewiththeirexperienceandwhattheyhavelearned”.ThewriterSamuelBeckettoncesaid,“failagain,failbetter.”Butitnowseemsthatweshouldsay,“failagain,failsmarter”.___40___,butbylearningtoovercometheemotionalbarriersaroundit,wemayfindtheroadtosuccessisalittleeasiertonavigate(駕馭).A.EveryoneneedssuccessB.HardworkleadstosuccessC.FailurecanbeateachablemomentD.FailureisanunavoidablepartoflifeE.Oneofthemistoadoptathird-personviewF.Next,offeradvicetoothersinthesamepositionasusG.Sowhatfailurecausesisaseriousthreattoourself-image【答案】36.C37.G38.E39.F40.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何克服自己的情緒障礙，學會從失敗中吸取經驗和教訓，從而獲得進步給出了一定的建議?！?6題詳析】根據第一段““youlearnfromyourmistakes.”Isthisactuallytrue?(“你從錯誤中學習?！边@是真的嗎？)”和第二段“Theshortansweris“yes”.(簡短的回答是“是的”)”可知，人們是可以從錯誤和失敗中學習的，選項C.Failurecanbeateachablemoment(失敗可能是一個受教育的時刻)表達了這層含義，對前文進行了總結，承接上文，符合語境。故選C。【37題詳析】根據上一句“Inhisopinion,mostofuswanttothinkofourselvesascapable.(在他看來，我們大多數(shù)人都認為自己有能力)”可知，選項G.Sowhatfailurecausesisaseriousthreattoourself-image(所以失敗造成的是對我們自我形象的嚴重威脅)進一步說明了失敗破壞了人們有能力的形象，使自我形象受到了嚴重的威脅，同時也是對人們失敗所產生的情緒化反應的解釋，銜接合理，與本段主題相符。故選G?！?8題詳析】根據上一句“Fortunatelytherearestrategiestohelpusovercometheemotionalbarriers.(幸運的是，有一些策略可以幫助我們克服情緒障礙)”可知，選項E.Oneofthemistoadoptathird-personview(其中之一就是采用第三人稱視角)中的“them”指代上一句中的“strategies”，指出了其中一個策略的內容，承接上文；結合下文“Insteadofasking“WhydidIfail?”,wecouldask“WhydidSamfail?”,forexample.(不要問“我為什么失敗了？”，我們可以問“Sam為什么失敗了？”，例如)”可知，下一句是對選項E的舉例說明，銜接下文。故選E?！?9題詳析】根據第3小題所選的選項E.Oneofthemistoadoptathird-personview(其中之一就是采用第三人稱視角)可知，第三段主要介紹了幫助人們克服情緒障礙的一個策略，選項F.Next,offeradvicetoothersinthesamepositionasus(其次，給和我們處境相同的人提建議)在第四段給出了第二個策略，就是基于自己失敗的經歷，給同樣失敗的人提出建議；結合下一句“Thisledtobetterlevelsofmotivationandacademicsuccessinthetestgroups—involvingbothadultsandchildren—thatwereaskedtogiveadvicebasedontheirownfailures.(這導致被要求根據自己的失敗給出建議的測試組(包括成人和兒童)的動機和學業(yè)成功程度更高)”句中的“This”指代選項F的內容，指出了給別人提出建議的策略所產生的效果，符合語意和語境。故選E?！?0題詳析】根據下一句“butbylearningtoovercometheemotionalbarriersaroundit,wemayfindtheroadtosuccessisalittleeasiertonavigate(駕馭).(但是通過學習克服它周圍的情緒障礙，我們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)通往成功的道路更容易駕馭)”可知，選項D.Failureisanunavoidablepartoflife(失敗是生活中不可避免的一部分)指出失敗不可避免，但是如果通過學習如何克服情緒障礙，學會從失敗中學習，就會更容易獲得成功，由此可知，選項D與下文語意銜接合理，呼應文章主題。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thetitleof“Aaron’syoungerbrother”wasearnedwhenIhadwonthesecondplaceinmyfirsttennistournamentattheageofsix.WheneverI____41____ontoatenniscourt,itwasasthoughaglueynamelabel,whichhadbeen____42____stuckontome.Iwantedto____43____Aaron,myolderbrother,whosefamehadreducedmetoa____44____tennisplayer.ThencameabigtennismatchagainstAaron.AsIshookAaron’shandatthestartofthematch,Istaredathimandfocusedonhowthismatchwasgoingto____45____everything.Thetenniscourtseemedtostretchoutfurtherthanusual,butIcouldstill____46____theconfidentlookonAaron’sface.Heknewthatmyhonor____47____incomparisontohis.Finally,weweredowntothelastset,neckandneckinpoints.Thatwaswhenthesettingsuncasthisfigureoverme,____48____methatIwouldalwaysbewalkinginhis____49____ifIdidnotprovemyself.Ipreparedmyselfforthefinishingblow,____50____ofAaron’spastmatchesfloodingthroughmymindasI____51____theweaknessofhissmash(扣球)theballwouldalwaysflytowardstheleftofthecourt.Iextendedmyarmtotheleftinanticipationofwheretheballwasgoingtoland.Theballmade____52____withmyracketandwaslobbedoverAaron’sheadsuccessfully.Hecoulddonothingbut____53____hisundefeatedstatusaschampionbeingremovedbyhisyoungerbrother.WhileIwasstillenjoyingtheunfamiliarfeelingof____54____minutesafterthematchwasover,aman,whomIvaguelyrecognizedfroma____55____tennisclub,approachedme.“Whatisyourname,son?”heasked.Asmilespreadacrossmyface.41.A.marched B.stepped C.jumped D.rushed42.A.frequently B.originally C.permanently D.occasionally43.A.recommend B.praise C.evaluate D.defeat44.A.nameless B.hopeless C.worthless D.fearless45.A.appreciate B.change C.explore D.settle46.A.putdown B.pullout C.takeup D.makeout47.A.disappeared B.wrinkled C.paled D.doubled48.A.reminding B.ordering C.instructing D.expecting49.A.trust B.shelter C.credit D.shadow50.A.scores B.images C.records D.highlights51.A.hid B.admitted C.recalled D.overcame52.A.contact B.progress C.movement D.adjustment53.A.maintain B.improve C.confirm D.witness54.A.harmony B.success C.competition D.relief55.A.previous B.special C.famous D.tiny【答案】41.B42.C43.D44.A45.B46.D47.C48.A49.D50.B51.C52.A53.D54.B55.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者網球賽戰(zhàn)勝自己的哥哥亞倫，不再活在他陰影下的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每當我走上網球場，就好像一個黏糊糊的名字標簽永遠貼在我身上。A.marched行進；B.stepped邁步；C.jumped跳；D.rushed沖。由下文“ontoatenniscourt”以及語境可知，這里指作者“邁步”走進網球場，steponto表“踏上”，為固定搭配，符合句意。故選B項。【42題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：每當我走上網球場，就好像一個黏糊糊的名字標簽永遠貼在我身上。A.frequently經常地；B.originally最初地；C.permanently永久地；D.occasionally偶爾地。由上文“itwasasthoughaglueynamelabel”可知，這里指這個黏糊糊的名字標簽“永遠”貼在作者身上。故選C項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想打敗我的哥哥亞倫，他的名氣使我變成了一個無名的網球運動員。A.recommend推薦；B.praise贊揚；C.evaluate評估；D.defeat擊敗。由下文“whosefamehadreducedmetoatennisplayer.”可知，這里指作者想“打敗”哥哥亞倫，走出他的陰影。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我想打敗我的哥哥亞倫，他的名氣使我變成了一個無名的網球運動員。A.nameless無名的；B.hopeless無望的；C.worthless毫無價值的；D.fearless無所畏懼的。由上文“Thetitleof‘Aaron’syoungerbrother’wasearnedwhenIhadwonthesecondplaceinmyfirsttennistournamentattheageofsix.”可知，作者哥哥的名氣使作者變成了一個“無名的”網球運動員。故選A項。【45題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：比賽開始時，當我和亞倫握手時，我凝視著他，專注于這場比賽將如何改變一切。A.appreciate感謝；B.change改變；C.explore探索；D.settle解決。由上文“IwantedtoAaron,myolderbrother”可知，這里指作者想打敗哥哥“改變”一切。故選B項。【46題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：網球場似乎比平時伸得更遠，但我仍然能辨認出亞倫臉上自信的表情。A.putdown放下；B.pullout拔出；C.takeup占用；D.makeout辨認出。由上文“furtherthanusual”以及but表轉折可知，這里指雖然距離遠，但是作者還是能“辨認出”亞倫臉上自信的表情。故選D項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他知道我的榮譽與他的相比顯得微不足道。A.disappeared消失；B.wrinkled皺起；C.paled變蒼白；D.doubled加倍。由下文“incomparisontohis”可知，這里指作者的榮譽不如哥哥的，相對于哥哥的榮譽，變得非?！吧n白”遜色。故選C項。【48題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時，落日把他的身影投射到我身上，提醒我，如果我不證明自己，我將永遠走在他的陰影下。A.reminding提醒；B.ordering訂購；C.instructing指導；D.expecting期待。由上文“thesettingsuncasthisfigureoverme”可知，這指落日“提醒”了作者生活在哥哥的陰影下。故選A項?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時，落日把他的身影投射到我身上，提醒我，如果我不證明自己，我將永遠走在他的陰影下。A.trust信任；B.shelter避難所；C.credit信用；D.shadow陰影。由下文“ifIdidnotprovemyself”可知，這里指如果作者不證明自己，就會活在哥哥的“陰影”下。故選D項?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為最后一擊做好了準備，當我回憶起他扣殺的弱點時，亞倫過去比賽的畫面充斥著我的腦?！蚩偸秋w向球場左側。A.scores得分；B.images畫面；C.records記錄；D.highlights亮點。由下文“ofAaron’spastmatches”可知，這里指亞倫過去比賽的“畫面”出現(xiàn)在作者的腦海里。故選B項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為最后一擊做好了準備，當我回憶起他扣殺的弱點時，亞倫過去比賽的畫面充斥著我的腦?！蚩偸秋w向球場左側。A.hid隱藏；B.admitted承認；C.recalled回憶；D.overcame克服。由上文“floodingthroughmymind”可知，作者這里在“回憶”亞倫扣殺的弱點。故選C項。【52題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：球碰到了我的球拍，成功地從亞倫的頭上高出。A.contact接觸；B.progress進度；C.movement運動；D.adjustment調整。由下文“withmyracketandwaslobbedoverAaron’sheadsuccessfully”可知，這里表示球“觸碰到”作者的球拍，然后作者成功擊出了球。故選A項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他只能目睹自己不敗的冠軍身份被弟弟奪走。A.maintain維護；B.improve提高；C.confirm確認；D.witness目睹。由上文“coulddonothing”可知，作者哥哥亞倫只能“目睹”自己的失敗，什么也做不了。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：比賽結束幾分鐘后，當我還在享受這種陌生的成功感時，一個我隱約認出是來自一家著名網球俱樂部的男人走近了我。A.harmony和諧；B.success成功；C.competition競爭；D.relief寬慰。由上文“championbeingremovedbyhisyoungerbrother”可知，這里指作者享受打敗哥哥的“成功”感。故選B項?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：比賽結束幾分鐘后，當我還在享受這種陌生的成功感時，一個我隱約認出是來自一家著名網球俱樂部的男人走近了我。A.previous以前的；B.special特殊的；C.famous著名的；D.tiny極小的。由下文“Whatisyourname,son?”以及語境可知，作者贏得比賽，引得了“著名的”網球俱樂部的注意。故選C項。第二節(jié)語篇填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。InChina,evenforthemostaccomplishedchefs,cooking____56____(involve)improvisingwiththeingredients(原料)onhand:feelandtaste.FortheChinese,theideaofexacttimeandamountsincookingisanalienconcept.Infact,timesandmeasuringcupswon’tbefoundinatraditionalChinesekitchen.NorwillaChinesecookasked____57____heorshemakesaparticulardishrespondwithclear____58____(quantity)ofingredientsandanexactcookingtime,forsuchconcreteinstructionsarealmostnot____59____(exist)intheworldofChinesecuisine.____60____(make)Chinesefoodcanbeverytimeconsuming.Onereasonis____61____thepreparationbeforetheactualcookingtakestime,asingredientsforthesamedishare____62____(typical)cutintouniform