廣西壯族自治區(qū)柳州市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣西壯族自治區(qū)柳州市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWonderingwheretogoforatourthissummervacation?WhetheryouareafanofMotherNature,ourimpressivehistory,orsplendidarchitecture,youwillfindoneofthefollowingattractionsappealingtoyou.JiuZhaigouNationalParkLocation:inthenorthofSichuan.Famousfor:greenlakes,multi-levelwaterfalls,colorfulforests,snowpeaks,Tibetancustomsandblueice,UNESCOWorldHeritage(遺產(chǎn))Site.Besttimetovisit:fromJunetoSeptember.HuangshanMountLocation:inthesouthofAnhui.Famousfor:uniqueguest-greetingpines,absurdstones,seaofcloudsandamazinghotsprings.Richin:naturalresourcesandvariousspecies,forwhichithasbeenlistedasaWorldHeritageSite.Besttimetovisit:differentseasonswitnessitsvariousanduniquebeauty.YungangGrottoes(石窟)Location:inthesouthDatong,Shanxi.Reasonstovisit:listedamongtop4grottoesinChina,oneofUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,itissaidtobethebestpreservedBuddhistcaveartinChinawith53cavescontainingover51,000stonecarvingsofBuddhaandBuddhistdatingfromthe5thand6thcenturies.Besttimetovisit:summerandautumnforcoolweather.SuzhouClassicalGardensLocation:inthedowntownareaofSuzhouJiangsu.Reasonstovisit:listedasaWorldHeritageSitein1997,thegardensofSuzhourepresentthedevelopmentofChineselandscapegardendesignovermorethan2000years.Besttimetovisit:allyeararound.1.JiuZhaigouNationalParkiswellknownfor_______.A.strangestones. B.ancientcultureandart.C.colorfulforests. D.beautifulgardens.2.Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A.Beingfarawayfromcities. B.Beingrichinnaturalresources.C.Beingman-madewonders. D.BeingUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.3.Whichplacewouldyourecommendtoastudentinterestedincaveart?A.HuangshanMount. B.YungangGrottoes.C.SuzhouClassicalGardens. D.JiuZhaigouNationalPark.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了中國四個(gè)著名旅游景點(diǎn)的特點(diǎn)、位置、著名原因及最佳游覽時(shí)間，為讀者提供旅游參考信息。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JiuZhaigouNationalPark中“Famousfor:greenlakes,multi-levelwaterfalls,colorfulforests,snowpeaks,Tibetancustomsandblueice,UNESCOWorldHeritage(遺產(chǎn))Site.(以綠色湖泊、多級瀑布、色彩斑斕的森林、雪峰、藏族風(fēng)情和藍(lán)冰而聞名，被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界遺產(chǎn))”可知，九寨溝因?yàn)樯拾邤痰纳侄雒?。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JiuZhaigouNationalPark部分中“Famousfor:greenlakes,multi-levelwaterfalls,colorfulforests,snowpeaks,Tibetancustomsandblueice,UNESCOWorldHeritage(遺產(chǎn))Site.(著名之處：翠綠的湖泊、多層瀑布、色彩斑斕的森林、雪山、藏族風(fēng)情和藍(lán)冰，聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地)”、HuangshanMount中“Richin:naturalresourcesandvariousspecies,forwhichithasbeenlistedasaWorldHeritageSite.(資源豐富：自然資源和多種物種豐富，因此被列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄)”、YungangGrottoes(石窟)中“Reasonstovisit:listedamongtop4grottoesinChina,oneofUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,itissaidtobethebestpreservedBuddhistcaveartinChinawith53cavescontainingover51,000stonecarvingsofBuddhaandBuddhistdatingfromthe5thand6thcenturies.(游覽理由：它被列為中國四大石窟之一，是聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)，據(jù)說是中國保存最完好的佛教洞穴藝術(shù)，有53個(gè)洞穴，里面有51000多尊佛像和佛像，可追溯到5世紀(jì)和6世紀(jì))”、SuzhouClassicalGardens中“Reasonstovisit:listedasaWorldHeritageSitein1997,thegardensofSuzhourepresentthedevelopmentofChineselandscapegardendesignovermorethan2000years.(游覽理由：蘇州園林于1997年被列為世界遺產(chǎn)，代表了2000多年來中國園林設(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)展)”可知，這四個(gè)景點(diǎn)都被列為聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YungangGrottoes(石窟)中“Reasonstovisit:listedamongtop4grottoesinChina,oneofUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,itissaidtobethebestpreservedBuddhistcaveartinChinawith53cavescontainingover51,000stonecarvingsofBuddhaandBuddhistdatingfromthe5thand6thcenturies.(游覽理由：它被列為中國四大石窟之一，是聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)，據(jù)說是中國保存最完好的佛教洞穴藝術(shù)，有53個(gè)洞穴，里面有51000多尊佛像和佛像，可追溯到5世紀(jì)和6世紀(jì))”可知，對洞穴藝術(shù)感興趣的人可以去參觀云岡石窟。故選B項(xiàng)。BOnedaywhenIwas12,mymothergavemeanorder:Iwastowalktothepubliclibrary,andborrowatleastonebookforthesummer.Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.Inthelibrary,Ifoundmywayintothe“Children’sRoom”.Isatdownonthefloorandpulledafewbooksofftheshelfatrandom.Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.Hewasmysecretsharer,butonemorning,hewasgone,givenawaytosomeonewhohadthespaceandthemoneytocareforhim.Ineverforgotmybeagle.Thereonthebook’scoverwasabeaglewhichlookedidenticaltomydog.Iranmyfingersoverthepictureofthedogonthecover.Myeyesranacrossthetitle,Amos,theBeaglewithaPlan.Unknowingly,Ihadreadthetitle.Withoutopeningthebook,Iborroweditfromthelibraryforthesummer.Undertheshadeofabush,IstartedtoreadaboutAmos.Ireadvery,veryslowlywithdifficulty.Thoughpageswereturnedslowly,Igotthemainideaofthestoryaboutadogwho,likemine,hadbeenseparatedfromhisfamilyandwhofinallyfoundhiswaybackhome.Thedogwasmydog,andIwasthelittleboyinthebook.Attheendofthestory,mymindcontinuedthefinalsceneofreunion,onandon,untilmyownlostdogandIwere,inmymind,runningtogether.Mymother’scallreturnedmetotherealworld.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:Ihadreadabook.andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.Inevertoldmymotheraboutmy“miraculous(奇跡般的)”experiencethatsummer,butshesawaslowbutremarkableimprovementinmyclassroomperformanceduringthenextyear.Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.Thepowerofthewordshasheld.4.Theauthor’smothertoldhimtoborrowabookinorderto________.A.encouragehimtodomorewalking B.helpcurehimofhisreadingproblemC.lethimspendameaningfulsummer D.makehimlearnmoreaboutweapons5.Thebookcaughttheauthor’seyebecause________.A.itcontainedprettypicturesofanimals B.hefounditstitleeasytounderstandC.hewasremindedofhisowndog D.helikedchildren’sstoriesverymuch6.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A.Theauthor’smotherrewardedhimwithbooks. B.Theauthor’smotherreadthesamebook.C.Theauthorhasbecomeasuccessfulwriter. D.Theauthorhashadhappysummerseversince.7.Whichonecouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyPassionforReading B.Mum’sStrictOrderC.ReunionwithMyBeagle D.TheCharmofaBook【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從一個(gè)有閱讀困難的孩子一次暑假從圖書館借了一本書開始閱讀之旅，并成為一名成功的作家的故事，告訴了我們書本的魅力。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Thiswasonemoreweaponforhertodefeatmystrangeproblem—inabilitytoread.”可知，母親讓他借書看是為了克服他奇怪的問題：不能閱讀。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中三四五句“Thecoverofabookcaughtmyeye.Itpresentedapictureofabeagle.Ihadrecentlyhadabeagle,thefirstandonlyanimalcompanionIeverhadasachild.”可知，這本書之所以吸引他是因?yàn)榉饷嫔嫌幸恢猾C兔犬。而他自己之前也有一只，并且是他孩提時(shí)以來第一個(gè)也是唯一一個(gè)動(dòng)物玩伴?？芍獣姆饷孀屗肫鹱约旱墓?，因此被吸引。故選C。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Andyearslater,shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks,wasawardedaPhDinliterature,andauthoredhisownbooks,articles,poetryandfiction.”可知作者的母親因?yàn)閮鹤幼x了許多書，還獲得文學(xué)博士學(xué)位，并且自己寫了書、文章、詩歌和小說而驕傲。由此推斷出作者成為了一名成功的作家，故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:Ihadreadabook.andIhadlovedreadingthatbook.EveryoneknewIcouldnotread.ButIhadreadit.BookscouldbeincrediblywonderfulandIwasgoingtoreadthem.”可知作者通過閱讀這一本書懂得了一些道理。在被人看來有閱讀障礙的他竟然讀了一本書、并且愛讀這本書。他頓時(shí)醒悟，原來書本無限美好，他決定讀更多的書。也就是說作者從一個(gè)有閱讀困難的孩子成為一名成功的作家的故事，原因在于讀一本書的經(jīng)歷改變了他的想法。故“一本書的魅力”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。CHaveyoueverheardsomeonesay,“youtotallylooklikeyou’reaJessica”orsomethingsimilar?Peopleseemtothinkthattheyknowwhatkindofpersona“Jessica”ora“Michael”lookslike.Whyisthis?AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearance(外表),andcaneven’guesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,Israel,collectedthousandsofphotosofpeople’sfaces.Theylabeledeachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thismayshowthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.Thiskindofface-namematchinghappens“becauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy(自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome.”RuthMayofromtheuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.Theyexpectthemtobe“delicate”and“feminine(女性的)”,justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.8.Whatwasthepurposeofthestudy?A.Tofindouttoday’smostpopularEnglishnames.B.Tolearnhownamesinfluencepersonality.C.Tofindoutwhethernamesrelatetotheirlooks.D.Toshowhowmen’snamesaredifferentfromwomen’s.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clues”inParagraph4mean?A.lights. B.attentions. C.methods. D.hints.10.AccordingtoRuthMayo,whydosomepeoplelookliketheirnames?A.Theytendtobecomewhatothersexpectthemtobecome.B.Theywanttopleaseeveryonearoundthem.C.Theydon’twanttobedifferentfromothers.D.Theyliketocopyfamouspeoplewhosharethesamename.11.Whatpointdoesthelastparagraphwanttoexplain?A.Earlierstudiesaboutstereotypesarelimited.B.Stereotypesaboutnamescanbringgoodresults.C.Stereotypesaboutnamescanaffectpeople’slooks.D.It’snotalwaysbadtobeinfluencedbytheexpectationsofothers.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《個(gè)性與社會(huì)心理學(xué)雜志》上的研究，人類傾向于將人的名字與外表聯(lián)系起來，甚至可以根據(jù)外表“猜出某人的名字”。研究人員認(rèn)為，人們對名字也有類似的刻板印象?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二自然段“AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearance(外表),andcaneven’guesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.(根據(jù)發(fā)表在《個(gè)性與社會(huì)心理學(xué)雜志》上的一項(xiàng)研究，人類傾向于將人的名字與長相聯(lián)系起來，甚至可以根據(jù)長相“猜出某人的名字”。)”可知，研究調(diào)查表明，人們趨向于將人的名字與長相聯(lián)系起來，并且還根據(jù)名字去猜長相。因此做實(shí)驗(yàn)研究是為了確定名字是否與長相有關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四自然段“Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.(志愿者有38%的時(shí)間能夠猜出正確的名字。)”可知，志愿者有38%的時(shí)間能夠猜出正確的名字。結(jié)合劃線部分所在句子“Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.(據(jù)《讀者文摘》報(bào)道，人臉的某些特征似乎為他們提供了關(guān)于某人名字的clues。)”可知，志愿者有38%的時(shí)間能夠猜出正確的名字是因?yàn)槊娌康哪承┨卣魉坪鯙樗麄兲峁┝岁P(guān)于名字的線索，所以clues意為“線索”。A.lights.光線；光亮；B.attentions.注意；C.methods.方法；D.hints.暗示；線索。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Thiskindofface-namematchinghappens“becauseofaprocessofself-fulfillingprophecy(自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome.”RuthMayofromtheuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.(這所大學(xué)的RuthMayo告訴科學(xué)新聞網(wǎng)站EurekAlert，“因?yàn)槲覀兂蔀榱藙e人期望我們成為的人，所以會(huì)有一個(gè)自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言過程?！?”可知，根據(jù)RuthMayo的說法，有些人看起來像他們的名字是因?yàn)樗麄兺鶗?huì)成為別人期望他們成為的樣子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.(早期的研究表明，性別和種族的刻板印象會(huì)影響一個(gè)人的長相。研究人員認(rèn)為，人們對名字也有類似的刻板印象。)”可知，研究者也發(fā)現(xiàn)在姓名中也會(huì)有刻板印象的現(xiàn)象，所以最后一段想解釋關(guān)于名字的刻板印象會(huì)影響人們的長相。故選C項(xiàng)。DInthenearfuture,IoT(InternetofThings)willdrivehugeinnovationinthewayourfoodisgrown.Plantswillhavea“voice”;it’snotahumanvoice,butavoicebasedondatathatcantellpeople,computers,andmachineswhen,forexample,theyarethirsty,orneedmoresun,medicine,etc.Takevertical(垂直的)farmsforexample.Farmingismovingindoorswherethegrowthofplantscanbemonitoredandcontrolled.Thefacilitiesarebuiltvertically,sogrowingareascanbeputinpiles.Thisgreatlyreducestheamountoflandneededforfarming.FromanIoTpointofview,verticalfarmsareconnectedintwoways.First,smallsensors(傳感器)inthesoilorconnectedtoplantstellacontrolsystemexactlyhowmuchlight,water,andnutritionareneededtogrowthehealthiestcrops.Sensorswillalsotellverticalfarmerswhencropsarenearingtheirpeakforharvestingatjusttherighttimetomakesurethey’restillfreshwhentheyreachtheirfinaldestination.Second,verticalfarmswillbeconnectedtoothernetworksandinformationsystems,includingdatabasesthattracklocaldemand.Forexample,localrestaurantsmayinputwhentheyneedfreshfoodsupplies.Andverticalfarmerscouldgetthatinformationsotheyknowwhichcropstogrowinwhatquantities.ThistypeofIoTsystemwouldhavebeenunimaginableagenerationago.Today,verticalfarmsarebeingexperimented.Yet,thenumberspointtoabrightfuturefortheindustry,especiallyastheworld’spopulationcontinuestogrow.Forexample,GreenSenseFarmsinChicagoisabletoharvestcrops26timesayearusing85percentlessenergy,one-tenthofthewater,andnopesticides.AsidebenefitoflowerenergyuseislowerCO?outputoftwotonspermonth,withtheaddedbenefitofcreating46poundsofoxygeneveryday.12.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Voicemachineshelpplantsspeakup.B.Farmersareallturningtoverticalfarming.C.IoThasbroughtgreatinnovationtoourschoollife.D.VerticalfarmsdrivenbyIoTareafutureforagriculture.13.Howdosensorsattachedtoplantswork?A.Bypassinginformationtoacontrolsystem. B.Bymonitoringfarmersworkingtheirfields.C.Byanalyzinginformationtopreservecrops. D.Byrecordingfarmersharvestingcrops.14.WhatcantheIoTsystemhelpaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Expandtheoutputofcrops. B.Matchsupplywithdemand.C.Determinetheneedsoffarmers. D.Moverestaurantsontofarms.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofverticalfarming?A.Negative. B.Positive. C.Indifferent. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要以垂直農(nóng)場為例介紹了在不久的將來，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)將推動(dòng)糧食種植方式的巨大創(chuàng)新。【12題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthenearfuture,IoT(InternetofThings)willdrivehugeinnovationinthewayourfoodisgrown.(在不久的將來，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)(IoT)將推動(dòng)我們食物種植方式的巨大創(chuàng)新)”以及第二段“Takeverticalfarmsforexample.(以垂直農(nóng)場為例)”可知，本文主要以垂直農(nóng)場為例，介紹了在不久的將來，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)將推動(dòng)糧食種植方式的巨大變革。故選D。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“First,smallsensors(傳感器)inthesoilorconnectedtoplantstellacontrolsystemexactlyhowmuchlight,water,andnutritionareneededtogrowthehealthiestcrops.(首先，土壤中或與植物相連的小傳感器告訴控制系統(tǒng)，要種植出最健康的作物，需要多少光、水和營養(yǎng))”可知，傳感器將培育出最健康的農(nóng)作物所需要的水、光和營養(yǎng)的量等信息傳遞給控制系統(tǒng)。故選A?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Second,verticalfarmswillbeconnectedtoothernetworksandinformationsystems,includingdatabasesthattracklocaldemand.(其次，垂直農(nóng)場將連接到其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)和信息系統(tǒng)，包括跟蹤當(dāng)?shù)匦枨蟮臄?shù)據(jù)庫)”可知，垂直農(nóng)場將與其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)和信息系統(tǒng)相連，包括追蹤當(dāng)?shù)匦枨蟮臄?shù)據(jù)庫，再結(jié)合后面的例子可知，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)有助于使供應(yīng)與需求相匹配。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Today,verticalfarmsarebeingexperimented.Yet,thenumberspointtoabrightfuturefortheindustry,especiallyastheworld’spopulationcontinuestogrow.(如今，人們正在試驗(yàn)垂直農(nóng)場。然而，這些數(shù)字預(yù)示著該行業(yè)的光明前景，尤其是在世界人口持續(xù)增長的情況下)”可知，作者對垂直農(nóng)場的未來持樂觀肯定的態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Maybeyou’reayoungscientistwantingtomakeaninfluenceontheworld,oramoreseasonedveteranofscientificstudywhoiscuriousabouthowtogetbetteratyourjob.Eitherway,thereareseveralkeystepstodevelopingyourabilitytomakepositivecontributionstotheworld.Experimentwithnewideas.Animportantpartofscientificdiscoveryistheresultofhardworkandluck.Luckhasfrequentlyplayedalargeroleinscientificdiscovery.____16____Youneverknowwhenexperimentationandluckwillcollide(碰撞)tocreateanimportantdiscovery.Beopentofailure.Youmaythinkascientistshouldbesmart,skilledinmathematics,andprecise.____17____Beingascientistis90%failureand10%success.Takechargeofyourideas.Challengeyourselftocomeupwithoneidearelatedtoyourprojectaday.____18____Asascientistinacompetitivefield,youneedtocreateyourownopportunitiesbyowningyourideasandworkinghardtodevelopthemfurther.Practiceyourwritingskills.____19____Trytodoalittlewritingeveryday,andputyourideasorthoughtsdownonthepagesoyougetintothehabitofrecordingyourideas,whichcouldlaterendupinapublishedpaperorinalectureaboutyourlatestscientifictheory.____20____Thoughhardworkisnecessarytobeingagoodscientist,it’simportanttostrikeabalancebetweenprofessionalworkandpersonaldowntime.Don’tletyourselfgetburntout.A.Keepabalancebetweenhardworkandrest.B.So,don’tbeafraidtoplayaroundwithnewideas.C.Youwilldobetterworkifyouworkwithsomeoneelse.D.Createawritingprocessthatworksforyouandsticktoit.E.Youshouldbeopentothesolutionsmadebyothersinthefield.F.Thoughsomeofthemwillbebad,manycouldleadtoanewexperimentortheory.G.However,animportantqualityagoodscientistshouldhaveisawillingnesstofail.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.D20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述的是有幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵的方法來提高對世界做出積極貢獻(xiàn)的能力?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)中心句“Experimentwithnewideas.”（嘗試新想法）可知，B項(xiàng)：So,don’tbeafraidtoplayaroundwithnewideas（所以，不要害怕嘗試新的想法）符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“newideas”和中心句原詞對應(yīng)，且和上句“Luckhasfrequentlyplayedalargeroleinscientificdiscovery.”（運(yùn)氣在科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)中經(jīng)常扮演重要角色）構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)設(shè)空處下文“Beingascientistis90%failureand10%success.”（作為一個(gè)科學(xué)家，失敗占90%成功占10%）可知，G項(xiàng)：However,animportantqualityagoodscientistshouldhaveisawillingnesstofail（然而，一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家應(yīng)該具備的一個(gè)重要品質(zhì)是愿意失敗）符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“fail”和后句中的“failure”對應(yīng)，且和上句“Youmaythinkascientistshouldbesmart,skilledinmathematics,andprecise”（你可能認(rèn)為科學(xué)家應(yīng)該聰明，擅長數(shù)學(xué)，而且精確）構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】根據(jù)中心句“Takechargeofyourideas.”（對你的想法負(fù)責(zé)）可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)：Thoughsomeofthemwillbebad,manycouldleadtoanewexperimentortheory.（雖然其中一些是不好的，但許多可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一個(gè)新的實(shí)驗(yàn)或理論）符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“someofthem”呼應(yīng)中心句“newideas”，且和后句“Asascientistinacompetitivefield,youneedtocreateyourownopportunitiesbyowningyourideasandworkinghardtodevelopthemfurther.”（作為競爭領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)家，你需要通過擁有自己的想法并努力進(jìn)一步發(fā)展它們來創(chuàng)造自己的機(jī)會(huì)）構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)中心句“Practiceyourwritingskills.”（練習(xí)你的寫作技巧）可知，D項(xiàng)：Createawritingprocessthatworksforyouandsticktoit.（創(chuàng)造一個(gè)適合自己的寫作過程，并堅(jiān)持下去）符合語境，是對練習(xí)寫作技能的延伸，writing是關(guān)鍵詞。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】空處為本段中心句。根據(jù)后句“Thoughhardworkisnecessarytobeingagoodscientist,it’simportanttostrikeabalancebetweenprofessionalworkandpersonaldowntime.Don’tletyourselfgetburntout.”（雖然成為一名優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家必須努力工作，但在專業(yè)工作和個(gè)人休息時(shí)間之間取得平衡也很重要。不要讓自己筋疲力盡?？芍ぷ骱托菹⒅g保持平衡）可知，本段主要討論要平衡工作和休息。A項(xiàng)：Keepabalancebetweenhardworkandrest.（努力工作和休息之間保持平衡）符合題意，可以作為本段中心句。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。CaliforniaPublicSchoolsgavethestudentsthedayofftocelebratetheLunarNewYear.Thisafternoon,Itookmydaughtertogoiceskating.Igrewupiceskating,a(n)____21____muchlikeridingabike.Andmy6-year-olddaughterwantedtolearn.WeawkwardlysteppedontoicethatwasmoreslipperythanI____22____.Nosoonerhadourblades(冰刀)touchedthefrozenareathanbothmydaughterandIfeltourselveshurling(猛沖)towardtheground.I____23____mydaughterfallingagainandaskedhertostayasidewatchingbutsherefused.Atthatmoment,herfriendpirouetted(單腳尖旋轉(zhuǎn))towardus,____24____asmallpieceofshavediceandstoppedinfrontofus.Shesaid,“Fallingispartofanynewattempt,I’llhelphertoskate!“Mydaughterlookedatmewith____25____eyesandIagreed.HerfriendtookherhandandI____26____backtothebenches.Secondslater,mydaughter____27____.Igaspedasshestruggledto____28____.IwasjustabouttojumpthewalltogetherwhenIrealizedshewasstrugglingonlybecauseshewaslaughingsohard.ThenIwatchedher____29____forherfriend’shand,getbackonher_____30_____,andskateoff,onlytofallthreepaceslater.Overtime,herfallingbecamelessfrequent.Whentheyfinallycamebacktothebenches,mydaughterexclaimedin_____31_____:“Mama!Ifell22times!“Ispentthenexthourwatchingmydaughter_____32_____therink(溜冰場).Afterfalling,shegotupbyclingingtothewallandstartedto,glideuntilshecould_____33_____itallthewayaroundwithoutasinglefall._____34_____mydaughtersteppedofftherink,witha_____35_____smile,“Mama!Ididin!Ididit!”I’vethoughtaboutthatafternoonalotsince.Fallingispartoftheprocess.It’spartofanynewendeavor,ifyouthinkaboutit.21.A.fact B.skill C.experience D.story22.A.dreamed B.expected C.remembered D.noticed23.A.sensed B.thought C.feared D.guessed24.A.creating B.cutting C.playing D.doing25.A.eager B.worrying C.promising D.surprised26.A.rushed B.walked C.headed D.skied27.A.advanced B.backed C.stopped D.fell28.A.getdown B.getthrough C.getto D.getup29.A.look B.send C.care D.reach30.A.legs B.feet C.back D.hands31.A.anger B.shock C.fear D.delight32.A.seek B.approach C.leave D.circle33.A.put B.see C.make D.get34.A.Finally B.Hardly C.Quickly D.Slowly35.A.kind B.wide C.forced D.relieved【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.A26.C27.D28.D29.D30.B31.B32.D33.C34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己的女兒學(xué)習(xí)滑冰的故事?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從小就滑冰，一項(xiàng)很像騎自行車的技能。A.fact事實(shí)；B.skill技巧；C.experience經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.story故事。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ikeridingabike”可知，滑冰是一項(xiàng)很像騎自行車的技能。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們笨拙地踩到了比我記憶中更滑的冰上。A.dreamed夢想；B.expected期待；C.remembered記得；D.noticed注意。根據(jù)上文“Igrewupiceskating”可知，作者小時(shí)候滑過冰，此處是和記憶中的冰面進(jìn)行對比。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我怕女兒再摔倒，要求她站在一旁看著，但她拒絕了。A.sensed意識到，感覺到；B.thought想，認(rèn)為；C.feared害怕；擔(dān)心；D.guessed猜。根據(jù)下文“askedhertostayasidewatchingbutsherefused”可知，作者害怕女兒再一次摔倒所以要求她站在一旁看著。故選C。【24題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，她的朋友向我們轉(zhuǎn)過身來，形成一小塊刨冰，停在了我們面前。A.creating創(chuàng)造；B.cutting切；C.playing玩；D.doing做事。根據(jù)“herfriendpirouetted(單腳尖旋轉(zhuǎn))towardus”可知，女兒的朋友轉(zhuǎn)過身來，冰刀在冰面上旋轉(zhuǎn)的時(shí)候，形成一小塊刨冰。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我女兒用渴望的眼神看著我，我同意了。A.eager渴望的；B.worrying令人擔(dān)憂的；C.promising有前途的；D.surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)上文“Andmy6-year-olddaughterwasdesperatetolearn.”可知，女兒渴望繼續(xù)學(xué)滑冰。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的朋友拉著她的手，我回到長凳上。A.rushed沖；B.walked散步；C.headed朝(某方向)行進(jìn)；D.skied滑雪。根據(jù)空后“backtothebenches.”可知，作者朝著長凳走去。故選C。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾秒鐘后，我的女兒摔倒了。A.advanced前進(jìn)；B.backed幫助，支持；C.stopped停止；D.fell摔倒。根據(jù)“Overtime,herfallingbecamelessfrequent.”可知，女兒摔倒了。故選D。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她掙扎著站起來時(shí)，我倒吸了口氣。A.getdown下來，降落；B.getthrough接通電話，完成；C.getto到達(dá)；D.getup起床，起身。根據(jù)上文“Secondslater,mydaughter________.”可知，女摔倒了，所以她掙扎著站起來。故選D。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我看到她伸手去拉她朋友的手，站起來，滑開了，卻在三步之后又摔倒了。A.look看；B.send發(fā)送；C.care關(guān)心，在意；D.reach伸手夠到。根據(jù)“forherfriend’shand”可知，女兒伸手去拉朋友的手。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.legs腿；B.feet腳；C.back背部；D.hands手。getbackonone’sfeet為固定短語，意為“重新站起來”。根據(jù)“Igaspedasshestruggledtogetup.”可知，女兒摔倒了，重新站起來。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她們最后回到座位上時(shí)，我女兒驚訝地叫道：“媽媽！我摔了22次！”A.anger生氣；B.shock震驚；C.fear害怕；D.delight高興。根據(jù)“Mama!Ifell22times!"可知，此處表示女兒很震驚。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我花了一個(gè)小時(shí)看我女兒著溜冰場轉(zhuǎn)。A.seek尋找；B.approach靠近；C.leave離開；D.circle轉(zhuǎn)圈。根據(jù)“Ispentthenexthourwatching”可知，此處表示女兒繞著溜冰場轉(zhuǎn)圈。故選D。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：摔倒后，她爬了起來，緊緊抓住墻壁，開始滑行，直到她可以繞一圈而不摔倒。A.put放；B.see看見；C.make制作、成功；D.get得到。makeit為固定短語，意為“成功做到”。根據(jù)“allthewayaroundwithoutasinglefall.”可知，女兒成功做到了。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，女兒從溜冰場上走了下來，咧開嘴笑著說：“媽媽！我做到了！我做到了！”A.Finally最終；B.Hardly幾乎不；C.Quickly迅速地；D.Slowly緩慢地。根據(jù)“Mama!Ididit!Ididit!”可知，最終，女兒學(xué)會(huì)了滑冰。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.kind善的；B.wide(笑容)大大的，燦爛的；C.forced被迫的；D.relieved感到寬慰的。根據(jù)“Mama!Ididit!Ididit!”可知，女兒成功了，笑得很燦爛。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。XuYuanchong,China’smostdistinguishedmastertranslator,passedawayinBeijingattheageof100.Havingtranslatedabout120Chinesepoetry___36___(work)intobothEnglishandFrench,hegainedworldwiderecognition.XuoncestudiedwithQianZhongshu,WuMi___37___otherChinesemastersattheNationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversity.In1944,hewasadmitted___38___TsinghuaUniversity.In1948,hewenttoUniversityofParisforfurtherstudyaftergraduatingfromTsinghuaUniversity.Xudevoted___39___(he)totranslationformorethan60years.While___40___(do)translation,Xuwouldpaymuchattentionto___41___beautyofimage,soundandform,leavingsomethingoutandaddingsomethingtomakethetranslatedworks___42___(beautiful)thantheoriginalworks.In2010,Xu___43___(award)thehonourofLifetimeAchievementsinTranslationfromtheTranslatorsAssociationofChina.What’smore,hewasalsothefirstAsiantranslator___44___(win)theAuroraBorealisPrizeforOutstandingTranslationofFictionLiterature,____45____wasoneofthehighesthonorsamonginternationaltranslators.【答案】36.works37.and38.into39.himself40.doing41.the42.morebeautiful43.wasawarded44.towin45.which【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述中國著名翻譯家許淵沖的成就。【36題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：他將120多部中國詩歌翻譯成英法兩種語言，贏得了世界的認(rèn)可。work意為“作品”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，由“120”可知此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填works?！?7題詳析】考查連詞。句意：許曾在西南聯(lián)合大學(xué)和錢鐘書、吳宓等中國大師一起學(xué)習(xí)?！癚ianZhongshu,WuMi”和“otherChinesemasters”之間是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and連接，故填and。【38題詳析】考查介詞。句意：1944年他被清華大學(xué)錄取。beadmittedinto…“被……錄取”，固定搭配，故填into。【39題詳析】考查代詞。句意：他從事翻譯工作60余年。devoteoneselfto“致力于”，此處應(yīng)用反身代詞，故填himself?！?0題詳析】考查狀語從句的省略。句意：在翻譯的過程中，他非常注重形象美、聲音美、形式美，刪減一些，增加一些，使翻譯的作品比原作品更美。此處是while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的省略，表示“當(dāng)他在翻譯時(shí)”，完整形式是Whilehewasdoingtranslation，當(dāng)狀語從句主語和主句主語一致，且從句含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將從句主語和be動(dòng)詞省略，故填doing?！?1題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：同上。根據(jù)“ofimage”可知，beauty表示特指，使用定冠詞修飾，故填the?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞比較級。句意：同上。根據(jù)“thantheoriginalworks”可知，此處使用形容詞比較級，故填morebeautiful?！?3題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：2010年，他被中國翻譯協(xié)會(huì)授予翻譯終身成就獎(jiǎng)。主語Xu和動(dòng)詞award之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語“In2010”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語表示單數(shù)意義，故填wasawarded?！?4題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：此外，他還是第一位獲得國際翻譯家最高榮譽(yù)之一的北極光小說文學(xué)杰出翻譯獎(jiǎng)的亞洲翻譯家。Asiantranslator前有序數(shù)詞修飾，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語，故填towin?！?5題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：同上?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是theAuroraBorealisPrizeforOutstandingTranslationofFictionLiterature，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)，故填which。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你的國外朋友Tom明年要來中國留學(xué)。最近，他在