2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)It作形式賓語(yǔ)

2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)it作形式賓語(yǔ)

IamstandingonMacquarieIsland,intheSouth-westPacificOcean(太平洋),halfway(半途)betweenAustraliaandAntarctica(南極洲).Strongwindsandstormyseas(驚濤駭浪)havehelpedsculpt(形成)itslong,thinshape(形狀).Thegreengrassandbare(裸露的)rockofitslandscape(地貌)

contrast(對(duì)比)

dramatically(顯著地),givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.Novisitorwouldthinkitsurprising(令人驚訝的)thattheislandisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite(世界遺產(chǎn)).Norwouldtheyfailtoimagine(想象不出)

howitsnative(本地的)inhabitants(棲居動(dòng)物),includingroyalpenguins帝企鵝,kingpenguins王企鵝,andelephantseals(象海獅),existed(存在)inperfectharmonywith(與…完美一致)theirnaturalhabitat(棲息地)forthousandsofyears.Nor否定詞居于句首，句子部分倒裝，助動(dòng)詞would置于主語(yǔ)前句中否定副詞Nor位于句首，句子用部分倒裝。部分倒裝指的是把be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)的前面，即助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)的其他部分。具有否定意義的副詞或短語(yǔ)never,not,nor,hardly,little,seldom,rarely,neither,scarcely,atnotime,bynomeans,innoway等置于句首時(shí),句子用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)①我的英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得不準(zhǔn)確，也說(shuō)得不流利。我很少有勇氣用英語(yǔ)和別人交流。所以你能幫我提高我糟糕的英語(yǔ)水平嗎?Neither_________________correctlynor_____________English.Rarely___________________________________________inEnglish.SocouldyoupleasehelpmeimprovemypoorEnglish?(應(yīng)用文佳句之求助信)

②Iwasn’tawarethatbadfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopeneduntilIexperiencedtheaccident.→_____________________________________________badfortunemightbethedoorwaitingtobeopened.(倒裝句)(續(xù)寫(xiě)佳句之主旨升華)

Buttheisland'smorerecenthistorytellsadifferentstory.It'atragic(悲慘的)storythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedontheisland.Intheirshipstheyunknowingly(不知不覺(jué)地)broughtratsandmice.Thesesmallanimalsquicklytookover(接管)theisland,eatingthebirds'eggsandattacking(襲擊)babybirds.Catswerebroughttotheislandtocontrol(控制)theratsandmice.Unfortunately(不幸地),thecatssubsequently(隨后)developedanappetite(胃口)forthebirds,too.1.appetiten.胃口，食欲；強(qiáng)烈欲望(1)haveagood/poor/noappetite胃口好/胃口不好/沒(méi)有胃口developanappetitefor...對(duì)……產(chǎn)生食欲loss/lackofappetite食欲缺乏(2)haveanappetitefor渴望……h(huán)avenoappetitefor不喜歡……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/補(bǔ)全句子/完成句子①Lotsofstudentsnowhave___________strongappetiteforknowledgeinordertogetreadyfortheirfuture.②Whenpeoplearedepressed，someexperience______________________(食欲缺乏)whileotherscan’tstopeating.

③杰克胃口大開(kāi)，很快就吃完了桌上的食物。Jack_________________andfinishedupfoodonthetableinashorttime.(續(xù)寫(xiě)佳句之動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))

Meanwhile(與此同時(shí)),rabbits(兔子)

wereintroducedto(被引進(jìn))theislandasasource(來(lái)源)offoodforhumans.Loose(不受束縛的)ontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymultiplied(繁殖)rapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetation(植被)anddiggingholes(挖洞),whichcaused(造成)

soilerosion(土壤侵蝕).Theexploding(爆增)rabbitpopulation(數(shù)量)providedplentiful(大量的)foodforthecats,meaningthatthenumberof(…的數(shù)量)catsalsoincreased(增長(zhǎng)).Thisinturn(反過(guò)來(lái))

ledto(導(dǎo)致)morecatshunting(獵食)thebirds.Theendresult(結(jié)果)wasthatparakeets(長(zhǎng)尾鸚鵡),oncelargeinnumber(在數(shù)量上)andnativeto(原產(chǎn)于)theisland,diedout(滅絕)in1891.

EvenafterMacquarieIslandbecameanofficial(官方的)

naturereserve(自然保護(hù)區(qū))inthe1970s,therabbitsremained(仍然)

outofcontrol(失去控制).Experts(專(zhuān)家)feltitnecessarytocomeupwith(想出)aplantoremove(除掉)alltherabbitsfromtheisland.Withthisgoalinmind(把…放在心上),aviruswasreleased(投放)ontotheisland.Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecrease(減少)from130,000toaround10,000,italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.Thecatsinconsequence(因此)

turnedtheirattention—andtheirstomachs—backto(把…轉(zhuǎn)回到)thenativebirds,killingupto(多達(dá))60,000eachyear.Inthe1980s,traps(夾子)anddogswereusedtocatch(被用來(lái)抓捕)thecats.ThelastMacquarieIslandcatwascaught(捕獲)in2000.2.decreasev.(使)減少；(使)變小(1)decrease/increaseby...減少了/增加了……decrease/increase(from...)to...(從……)減少到/增加到……(2)onthedecrease/increase在減少/在增加[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/詞匯升級(jí)①___________(decrease)theamountofrubbishandtoprotecttheenvironment，moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.

②Thepopulationofthistownhasincreased___________zeropointthreepercentinthelastthreeyears.③Thankstothegovernment’sintervention，thenumberofthepatientshasdecreased___________threehundredsincelastmonth.④Itisreportedthatasaresultoftheappearanceofsmartphones，thenumberofpeoplewhoreadmagazinesisdroppingnowadays.→Itisreportedthatasaresultoftheappearanceofsmartphones，thenumberofpeoplewhoreadmagazinesis_______________nowadays.

3.trapn.夾子，陷阱；困境vt.使陷入困境(1)betrappedin困在……中；陷在……中trapsb.into(doing)sth.誘使某人做某事(2)fallintoatrap落入圈套set/lay/placeatrapfor設(shè)陷阱捕捉……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/補(bǔ)全句子/句式升級(jí)①Thebombexplodedsuddenly，___________(trap)victimsinthebuilding.②Becauseofthegreenhouseeffect，theearthiswarmedbygases___________(trap)intheatmosphere.③Peopleusedtosettraps___________lionstogettheirfur，whichcausedtheirpopulationtodecreasesharply.④Afterthey____________________(被困在)theminefortwodays，theminerswerefinallyrescued.

→_____________________________，theminerswerefinallyrescued.(分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))

Butasthesayinggoes,"Whilethecat'saway,themicewillplay."Withthedeparture(離開(kāi))ofthecatsfromtheisland,themouseandratpopulationstartedtoincrease.Andrememberthose10,000orso(大約，左右)rabbits?Itturnedoutthat(結(jié)果)theydevelopedanimmunity(免疫)tothevirus,andtheirnumbersexploded(暴增)onceagain(再一次).Then,in2006,therabbits'diggingcausedsomelandtocollapse(坍塌),andkilledasubstantial(大量的)numberofpenguins.Thisincident(事件)madeitclear(清楚的)thattherat,mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolving(需要解決)onceandforall(一次徹底地).4.turnout結(jié)果是；證明是；原來(lái)是turnto求助于；致力于；翻到(書(shū)的某頁(yè))；查閱；轉(zhuǎn)向turndown關(guān)小；拒絕turnon打開(kāi)(水、煤氣、電燈等)turnoff關(guān)上(水、煤氣、電燈等)turnup(意外地或終于)出現(xiàn)；調(diào)大(音量、熱量等)；朝上翻[即學(xué)即練]——用turn短語(yǔ)完成下列句子①(譯林選必4U1)Abouttwentyminuteslater，atallmaninalongovercoat，withcollar___________tohisears，hurriedtowardhim.

②Tom______________theinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.

③(譯林必修1U2)Everythingwill___________allrightintheend，andthechangesandchallengesofyourteenageyearswillprepareyouforadulthood.

④Withnooneto___________insuchadangeroussituation，shefeltveryhelpless.

So,IamhereonMacquarieIslandtoparticipatein(參與)theprogramme(行動(dòng))totackle(解決)thisveryproblem.Thefirststepinvolved(包含)

poison(毒藥)beingdropped(投)fromhelicopters(直升機(jī)).Thenextstepistoremovethelastremaininginvading(入侵)species,andthat'swhereIcomein—withmydogs.Theyhavebeentrainedtofindeverylastone,withoutharming(傷害)thenativeanimals.Thisintervention(干預(yù))isalong,much-delayed(屢被延誤)endingtoasadstory,butwehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending(應(yīng)該為……做某事).5.owev.應(yīng)該做；對(duì)……負(fù)有……的義務(wù)(1)owesb.sth.(forsth.)=owesth.tosb.(forsth.)欠某人某物；把……歸功于某人owesb.anapology該向某人道歉owesb.afavour欠某人一個(gè)人情(2)owe...to...把……歸功于……oweittosb.that...多虧某人……oweitto...todo做……是……的義務(wù)；為……做……是理所當(dāng)然的事(3)owingto因?yàn)椋挥捎赱即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Jacksaidheowedalltheachievements___________theencouragementandhelpfromhisfriends.②Iowe___________tomyteacherthatIhavemadegreatprogressinwritingsincelastterm.③___________(owe)tothebadweather，theflightwasdelayedforacoupleofhours.④周五下午我未能和你一起去書(shū)店，我得向你道歉。I_____________________fornotgoingtothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.(應(yīng)用文佳句之道歉信)

Postscript(附言):In2014,MacquarieIslandwasdeclared(宣布)

pest-free(無(wú)有害生物)andtheisland'secology(生態(tài))isfinallyontheroadtorecovery(走上恢復(fù)之路).Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.aNovisitorwouldthinkitsurprisingthattheislandisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.bExpertsfeltitnecessarytocomeupwithaplantoremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland.Observetherules1Whatdoes“it”refertoinsentences(a)and(b)?2What’sthesentenceelementof“it”?

It’sanemptyobject.Translate他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)是不容易的。

Hefounditnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.我認(rèn)為我們開(kāi)這個(gè)會(huì)是有必要的。

Ithinkitnecessarythatwehavethemeeting.Grammar:Itasanemptyobject當(dāng)不定式（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）或從句在某個(gè)句子中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免句式結(jié)構(gòu)的混亂，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在句尾。此時(shí)it仍只起先行引導(dǎo)作用，本身無(wú)詞義。it作為形式賓語(yǔ)的幾種情況1.動(dòng)詞+it+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+不定式/動(dòng)名詞/從句，常見(jiàn)于make,think,leave,find,believe

等動(dòng)詞。

賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：形容詞、名詞、過(guò)去分詞等Translate我發(fā)現(xiàn)做好這件事不容易。Ifind

it

difficult

todothejobwell.我們認(rèn)為抱怨是沒(méi)有用的。Wethink

it

nousecomplaining.2.動(dòng)詞+it+when/if從句，常見(jiàn)于appreciate,enjoy,like,prefer,love,dislike等動(dòng)詞之后。Translate如果您能幫助我們，我們會(huì)很感激。

Wereally

appreciate

itifyoucoulddousafavour.我不喜歡有人嘴里含著食物說(shuō)話(huà)。

Ihate

itwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull.it作為形式賓語(yǔ)的幾種情況3.動(dòng)詞+it+介詞+that從句，常見(jiàn)于

oweittosb.that…(把……歸功于)，

takeitforgrantedthat…(認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然)，putittosb.that…(向某人挑明)等結(jié)構(gòu)中。Translate多虧有你，我們現(xiàn)在才仍然活著。

Weoweittoyouthatwearestillalive.我還想當(dāng)然地以為他總能隨叫隨到呢。

Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe’dalwaysbearound.it作為形式賓語(yǔ)的幾種情況e.g.*Hemadeitknowntoeveryonethathewasright.*Theyhaven’tmadeitknownwheretheyaretoholdtheconference.動(dòng)詞+it+過(guò)去分詞+從句。Rewritetheunderlinedpartsusingitasanemptyobject.（page70）Thered-earedslider,aspeciesoffreshwaterturtle,isnativetotheSouthernUnitedStatesandNorthernMexico.Duetoitscuteappearance,manypeoplethinkkeepingthisturtleasapetisagoodidea.manypeoplethinkitagoodideatokeepthisturtleasapet.2Recentyearshaveseenmoreandmorepetslidersescapingorbeingreleasedfromhomes,andsomeownersbelievetoreleasethemintothewildisnobigissue.believeitnobigissuetoreleasethemintothewild.Thesedays,peoplehavefoundtoreleasetheseturtlesintothewildisathreattootherspecies.peoplehavefounditathreattootherspeciestoreleasetheseturtlesintothewild.Expertsconsiderownerskeepingtheirpetsinanenclosedareaimportant,andanyoneunabletokeeptheirpetsshouldtakethemtoanappropriateanimalshelter.Expertsconsideritimportantforownerstokeeptheirpetsinanenclosedarea用it完成下列句子，說(shuō)明它指代什么成分并翻譯成漢語(yǔ)（黑體部分為本單元詞匯）1.Subsequently,theislandmade

ontotheUNESCOWorldHeritageList.2.Ourcarhasbrokendownhalfway.What'sthematterwith

?3.Idon'tthink

normalforhousepricestodecreasedramatically.4.Weadvocatebiologicaldiversity,whichmakes

possibletoprotectecologyandanimalhabitats.5.Theinhabitantshereowe

tothewildhabitatstodomoreenvironmental