浙江省舟山市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

舟山市學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)高二英語(yǔ)試題卷考生須知：本試卷分第Ⅰ卷選擇題和第Ⅱ卷非選擇題。滿(mǎn)分分，考試時(shí)間分鐘。請(qǐng)考生按規(guī)定用筆將所有試題的答案涂、寫(xiě)在答題紙上。第Ⅰ卷選擇題)注意事項(xiàng)：答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題紙上。后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。做在試題卷上無(wú)效。第一部分：聽(tīng)力共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)：共5小題：每小題分，滿(mǎn)分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmanystudentsarethereattheschoolthisyear?A.400.B.700.C.1,000.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Lastyear,therewere400studentsattheschool.Nowthereare700.M:Sothereare300morethisyear,abigincrease.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemandecidetosell?A.Hiscomputer.【答案】CB.HisCDs.C.Hiscamera.【解析】【原文】M:I’mkindofonatightbudget.I’mthinkingofsellingsomeofmythingstobuyanewcomputerandsomeCDs.第1頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)W:Whataboutyourcamera?haven’tuseditforages.M:That’sagoodidea.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatprogramwillbeshownafterthenews?A.Acartoonmovie.【答案】BB.Afoodprogram.C.Afootballmatch.【解析】【原文】W:Thecartoonmoviewillnotbeshownafterthenewsasadvertised.Afoodprogramwillbeshownafterwards.M:thecartoonmoviewillbeontomorroweveningateighto’clock,justafterafootballmatch.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howwillthemangotoschooltomorrow?A.Bycar.【答案】A【解析】B.Bybicycle.C.Bybus.【原文】M:Imustleaveearlytomorrowsoitwillbedifficulttotakeyoutoschoolinthecar.M:Ohnomybicycle’sgotaflattire.I’llhavetotakethebus.W:Oryoucouldcomewithmeanddoyourhomeworkinthelibraryuntillessonsstart.M:Great.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhyisSallylatefortheappointment?A.Shehadanaccident.【答案】CB.Shewenttothehospital.C.Shehadtopicksomeoneup.【解析】【原文】M:Sally,wherehaveyoubeen?weresupposedtomeethoursago.W:SorryMark.Somebodyfromworkhadanaccidentandhadtogotohospital.Itopickhersonupfromschool.第二節(jié)共小題每小題分滿(mǎn)分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，第2頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.7.WhereisCathygoingnext?A.themountains.B.theforest.C.theriver.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Cassy,whydoyoustayathomealone?Isthereanyplanfortoday?W:IwantedtogotothemountainsortheforestbutI’mafraiditmayrain.M:AreyoukiddingCassy?Thesunisshiningandthereisnocloudinthesky.Comeon,what’stherealreason?W:Hum,I’vegotnoonetogowith.M:Comeon,Cassy.I’mgoingtotheriver.Doyouwanttocomewithme?W:Okay,thanks.8.Whatkindofexercisedidthearticlesuggest?A.Jogging.B.Cross-countryskiing.C.Downhillskiing.9.Howiscross-countryskiingdifferentfromdownhillskiing?A.It’sgoodforlungsandhearts.B.Itcanbedoneinflatareas.C.Itdoesn’trequiremuch10.Whatrelationisthemantothewoman?A.Herhusband.【答案】8.B【解析】B.Herfriend.C.Herson.9.B10.A【原文】M:DearIjustreadanarticleinamagazinethattalkedaboutdifferenttypesofexercise.Guesswhatkinditsuggested?W:Let’ssee.itjogging?第3頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)M:No,accordingtothearticle,joggingcancauselegandfootinjuriestosomepeople.W:Thenwhatkindofexercisedidthearticlesuggest?M:Cross-countryskiing.Thearticlesaidcross-countryskiingprovidedafullbodyworkoutandthatit’sgoodfortheheartandlungs.W:Cross-countryskiing?Iwouldneverhaveguessedthat.mehowiscross-countryskiingdifferentfromdownhillskiing?M:youdon’thavetogotothemountainstogocross-countryskiing.cangoanywherethere’sW:Inthatcase,whataboutgoingcross-countryskiingthisweekendwithourson?M:Soundsgreat.Whatdoesthemanwanttodofirst?A.Doscienceexperiments.12.Whichplacedoesthemanshowlittleinterestin?A.TheScienceMuseum.B.OceanPark.13.WhatmightthewomanthinkoftakingtheStarFerry?B.BuyChristmasgifts.C.theStarFerry.C.StreetNightMarket.C.Boring.A.Exciting.【答案】A【解析】B.Silly.12.B13.C【原文】W:toHongKong,Stephen.Whatwouldyouliketodowhileyouarehere?M:Thanks.Ienjoyscience.Iwouldliketogotothesciencemuseumfirst.I’veneverbeentoonebefore.I’dliketoseewhatexperimentsIcantry.W:Goodplan.Oh,wouldyouliketogotooceanpark?M:Thatsoundsexciting.However,Idogotooceanparkwehaveathomealot.Iguesstheywillbeprettysimilar.Oh,canwegototemplestreetnightmarket?I’veneverbeentoanightmarket.W:Ifyoulike,wegothereeveryChristmasandbuysillygifts.M:Onemorething,canwetaketheStarFerry?W:Okay,ifyouinsist,Itakethateverydaytogettoschool.第4頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)14.Wherewillthemangofirst?A.ahall.B.aclassroom.C.ameetingroom.C.Studentdormitories.15.WhatwilltheDirectoroftheStudiestalkabout?A.Socialactivities.B.Differentcourses.16.Howlongwillthemanstayinthehall?A.Oneandahalfhours.B.Onehourandfifteenminutes.C.Onehourandforty-fiveminutes.17.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthetest?A.Glad.B.Confident.16.B17.CC.Surprised.【答案】14.C【解析】15.B【原文】W:CanIhelpyou?M:todayisthefirstdayoftheschoolyear.I’manewstudent.WhereshouldIgo?W:allthenewstudentswillfirstgatherinthemeetingroomatninethirty,whereyou’llbeintroducedtotheM:Whatwillwedoafterthat?W:Firstly,ataquartertoteninthehall,whichisnexttothemeetingroom,thedirectorofthestudieswilltalktoyouaboutthedifferentcoursesandtheirrequirements.Thisshouldlastforabout45minutes.Thenatabouthalfpastten,thestudentaccommodationwilltalkaboutthestudentdormitoriesandsomesocialactivitiesthatweThat’sinthesameplace.Hewillfinishatabouteleveno’clock.Thenyou’llbetakentoclassroomthreeforatest.M:Ohno,IdidnotI’dhavetotakeanexam.W:iteasy.ItjusthelpsusfindyourlevelofEnglishandputyouintherightclass.M:Okay,Isee.18.Whoisthetalkprobablyintendedfor?A.Animalactivists.B.Zoovisitors.C.Zookeepers.19.Whyarenightanimalshardtobeobserved?第5頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)A.Becausetheyaresleepingduringtheday.B.Becausetheyarenotallowedtobewatched.CBecausetheyareuncomfortablewithdaylight.20.Whatisthefunctionofredlightinthesystem?A.createnaturaldaylight.B.enablevisitorstowatch.C.putnightanimalstosleep.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Ladiesandgentlemen,welcometothecityzoo’snewestshow,ofDarkness.Hereisanewworldofnightanimalstoyou.Nottoomanyyearsago,zoovisitorswereunabletowatchthebehaviorofnightanimalsbecausetheseanimalswereactiveduringthenightandgenerallysleptduringthedaywhenthezoowasopentovisitors.Butinthe1960s,zookeepersattheBronxZooinNewcityfoundawaytosettlethisproblemanddevelopthesystemthatwenowuseinourTheanimalslivingplacesarelitwithwhitelightatnight.Thentheanimalsthinkthewhitelightisdaylight,soofcoursetheygotosleep.Duringtheday,theirlivingplacesarelitwithredlight,whichmakestheanimalsthinkitisatnightsothattheywillbeactive.Ontheotherhand,theredlightenablesvisitorstowatchtheseanimalsgoingaboutthenormalactivitiesatnight.SojustenjoyyourvisittotheofDarknessandenjoywatchingtheseamazinganimalsofthenight.Andremember,nextmonthistheopeningofDownUnder,anewshowofAustraliananimals.AreyoulookingforwardtolearningaboutAustraliananimalsinperson?youarelucky,justpleasecomeandjoinusforthatevent.第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分滿(mǎn)分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThehitChinesevideogameBlackMyth:hasrecentlysparkedasurgeintourisminNorthChina’sShanxiprovince.Amongthe36ancientarchitecturalsitesfeaturedinthegame,27areinShanxi.Thefollowingsaretheonestobeinyourtravellinglist.AtriptoDatongwouldn’tbecompletewithoutexploringtheGrottoes,aUNESCOCulturalHeritagesite.GrottoesrepresentthepeakofBuddhistcaveartfromthe5thand6thcenturies.Atotalof第6頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)45majorcavesand209affiliated(附屬的)oneshousemorethan59,000sculpturesinvarioussizes,withthemesfromhistorytoarchitectureandmusic.aHuayanoriginallybuiltin1038,isamongthemostwell-preservedtemplecomplexesfromtheLiaoandJindynasties(916—1234).Recognizedasan“artmuseumofLiaoandJindynasties”,thetemplecontainsancientarttreasuresofstatuesandwallpaintings,andplaysavitalroleinBuddhistcultureandChinesearchitecture.XuankongstandingasaculturallandmarkofDatong,isbuiltintoaatHengshanMountain,about60metersabovetheground,whichattractsnumerousthrillloversfromalloverthecountryperyear.ConstructedduringthelateNorthernDynasty(386-534),Xuankongisrenownedforitsdaringlocation.In2010,magazinelisteditasoneofthe10mostdangerousbuildingsintheworld.21.Whoarethetargetreadersofthispassage?A.Buildingarchitects.C.Skilledadventurers.B.Interestedtourists.D.gameenthusiasts.22.WhatdoGrottoesandHuayanhaveincommon?A.Theyboastthesamelonghistory.B.Theyincludesculpturesandpaintings.C.TheyholdworkswithBuddhistelements.D.TheyarelistedasUNESCOCulturalHeritagesites.23.WhatisspecialaboutXuankongA.Ithasalonghistoryof1500years.B.Itfeaturesitsadventurousposition.C.Itisthemostdangerousbuildingintheworld.D.Itismostlyvisitedbythrillloversthroughouttheworld.【答案】21.B22.C23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了游戲《黑神話(huà)：悟空》所涉及拍攝景點(diǎn)中的三個(gè)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ThehitChinesevideogameBlackMyth:hasrecentlysparkedasurgein第7頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)tourisminNorthChina’sShanxiprovince.Amongthe36ancientarchitecturalsitesfeaturedinthegame,27areinShanxi.Thefollowingsaretheonestobeinyourtravellinglist.(北部山西省引發(fā)了旅游業(yè)的激增。在游戲中出現(xiàn)的36個(gè)古建筑遺址中，有27個(gè)位于山西。以下是你的旅行清單)”可知，這篇文章的目標(biāo)讀者是感興趣的游客。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“GrottoesrepresentthepeakofBuddhistcaveartfromthe5thand6thcenturies.(云岡石窟代表了5、6世紀(jì)佛教洞穴藝術(shù)的巔峰)”以及第三段“Recognizedasan“artmuseumofLiaoandJindynasties”,thetemplecontainsancientarttreasuresofstatuesandwallpaintings,andplaysavitalroleinBuddhistcultureandChinesearchitecture.(被公認(rèn)為“遼金藝術(shù)博物館”的少林寺，藏有雕像和壁畫(huà)等古代藝術(shù)珍品，在佛教文化和中國(guó)建筑中起著至關(guān)重要的作用)”可知，云岡石窟和華嚴(yán)寺的共同之處是都有佛教元素的作品。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“XuankongstandingasaculturallandmarkofDatong,isbuiltintoaatHengshanMountain,about60metersabovetheground,whichattractsnumerousthrillloversfromalloverthecountryperyear.ConstructedduringthelateNorthernDynasty(386-534),Xuankongisrenownedforitsdaringlocation.(懸空寺是大同文化地標(biāo)，建在距地面約60米的衡山懸崖上，每年吸引著來(lái)自全國(guó)各地的無(wú)數(shù)驚險(xiǎn)愛(ài)好者。懸空寺建于北魏晚期（386-534)”可知，懸空寺的特別之處在于其冒險(xiǎn)的位置。故選B。BFangLi,a70-year-olddirectorandproducer,hittheheadlinewithTheSinkingoftheLisbonMaru.LateinSeptember1942,theJapanesemilitarytransportedover1,800BritishprisonersofwarfromHongKongtoJapanbyship.InthewatersDongjiIsland,itwastorpedoed(被魚(yú)雷擊中)byaUSsubmarine.FishermenfromZhoushanriskedtheirlivestosave384POWs.Fangwasshocked.“HowhadweinChinaneverheardoftheLisbonMaru?knowofthebutnoonehereevermentionedtheLisbonMaru.”ThismysteryarousedFang'scuriosity,leadinghimtobeginthesearchfortheshipin2016.Duringthejourney,Fanglearnedof94-year-oldLinAgen,thesolesurvivingfishermantohaveparticipatedintherescue,andofa98-year-oldBritishsoldier,DennisMorley,whosurvivedtheordeal.“Itfeltlikearaceagainsttime.hadtodocumenttheirstoriesbeforeitwastoolate,”Fangsays.Fanglaunchedasearchformoresurvivorsandtheirfamilies.HeplacedadsinBritishnewspaperslikeTheSundayandTheGuardian.“PeoplethoughtIwascrazy—“Whoevenreadsnewspapersanymore?they第8頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)said.ButIknewthattheelderly,likemyself,stilldo,”Fangsays.Thecampaignwasasuccess,leadingtoBBCRadio4invitinghimonashow,whichinturnconnectedhimwith380POWfamilies.OnAug23,TheSinkingoftheLisbonMarupremieredonDongjiIsland,wherethetragedyoccurred.FangwroteonhisfinallyshowedthedocumentaryonDongjiIsland,theveryplacewhereourancestorsperformedtheirheroicacts82yearsago.Ialsoreceivedthehonorarytitleof‘DongjiIslandCitizen’—aprivilegeItreasuredeeply.”24.Wherecouldyoufindthepassage?A.Inanacademicjournal.B.Inahistoryreport.D.InafilmC.Inanentertainmentmagazine.25.WhatdoesFangmeanby“Itfeltlikearaceagainsttime”inparagraph3?A.Hewantedtosaveeveryminutetofinishthefilm.B.Hewantedtosolvethemysteryassoonaspossible.C.ItwasalreadytoolateforpeopleinChinatohearoftheship.D.Itwasvitaltodocumentthestorybeforethewitnessespassedaway.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Therewasanaturaldisasterthatdestroyedtheship.B.Fangreceiveddoubtwhenplacingadsinnewspapers.C.FangbecameacitizenofDongjiIslandafterthepremiereofthefilm.D.ThefilmwasproducedonDongjiIslandwherethetragedyoccurred.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.FangLi:aDeterminedDirector.B.DongjiIsland:aLandofHeroes.C.DongjiIslandCitizen:anHonoraryPrivilege.D.TheSinkingoftheLisbonMaru:aMoving【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道。短文講述了導(dǎo)演兼制片人方勵(lì)因制作紀(jì)錄片《里斯本丸沉沒(méi)》而廣受關(guān)注的故事，并描述了他為記錄歷史、搜尋資料和傳遞英雄事跡所做出的努力?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“FangLi,a70-year-olddirectorandproducer,hittheheadlinewithTheSinking第9頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)oftheLisbonMaru.(70歲的導(dǎo)演兼制片人房利因《里斯本丸沉沒(méi)》登上了頭條新聞)”可知，講述了導(dǎo)演兼制片人方勵(lì)因制作紀(jì)錄片《里斯本丸沉沒(méi)》而廣受關(guān)注的故事，并描述了他為記錄歷史、搜尋資料和傳遞英雄事跡所做出的努力。所以短文來(lái)自?shī)蕵?lè)雜志。故選C。【25題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Duringthejourney,Fanglearnedof94-year-oldLinAgen,thesolesurvivingfishermantohaveparticipatedintherescue,andofa98-year-oldBritishsoldier,DennisMorley,whosurvivedtheordeal.(94LinAgen98DennisMorley）的消息，后者是參與救援的唯一幸存者)”以及下文“hadtodocumenttheirstoriesbeforeitwastoolate(我們必須在為時(shí)已晚之前記錄他們的故事)及時(shí)記錄他們的故事。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““PeoplethoughtIwascrazy—“Whoevenreadsnewspapersanymore?theysaid.ButIknewthattheelderly,likemyself,stilldo,”Fangsays.(“人們認(rèn)為我瘋了——‘現(xiàn)在還有誰(shuí)看報(bào)紙)了一些質(zhì)疑。故選B。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。短文講述了導(dǎo)演兼制片人方勵(lì)因制作紀(jì)錄片《里斯本丸沉沒(méi)》而廣受關(guān)注的故事，并描述了他為記錄歷史、搜尋資料和傳遞英雄事跡所做出的努力。所以標(biāo)題為“方勵(lì)：一位堅(jiān)定的導(dǎo)演”。故選A。CScientistshavemadeanamazingdiscoverydeepundergroundinSouthAfrica.Theyfoundtinylivingcreaturescalledmicrobesinarockestimatingtobe2billionyearsold!Thisrockwasfoundalmost50feetbelowthesurfaceinaspecialplacecalledtheBushveldIgneousComplex.Thisfindingisveryexcitingbecauseitshowstheoldestknownlivingmicrobesfoundinsuchextremeconditions,mucholderthananyothermicrobesfoundbefore.Theleaderoftheresearchteam,Suzuki,said,didn'tknowif2-billion-year-oldrockswerehabitable.Untilnow,theoldestgeologicallayerinwhichlivingmicroorganismshadbeenfoundwasa100-million-year-olddepositbeneaththeoceanfloor,sothisisaveryexcitingdiscovery.”Therocksamplewasabout1footlongandcamefromanareaknownforhavingalotofvaluableminerals.Thisareawasformedwhenhotmagma(巖漿)cooleddownslowlyunderground.Becausetherockshavestayedmostlythesameforbillionsofyears,theycreatedsafelittlespaces,orcracks,wheremicrobescouldliveandthrive.第10頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)makesurethatthemicrobestheyfoundwerereallyfromtheoldrockandnotjustsomethingthatgotmixedinlater,thescientistsusedsomespecialtoolstostudythem.Theyusedthreedifferentmethodscalledelectronmicroscopy,fluorescentmicroscopy,andinfraredspectroscopytolookcloselyatthemicrobes’DNAandproteins,andwereabletoshowthatthemicrobeswerealiveandthattheyhadlivedinthatrockforaverylongtime.Findingtheseancientmicrobeshelpsscientistsunderstandhowlifecanexisteveninextremeconditions.Theresearchershopethatbystudyingtheseancientmicrobes,theycanlearnmoreabouthowlifebeganonEarthandhowitevolvedovertime.Theyarealsocurioustoseeifthiscanhelpthemfindsignsoflifeonotherplanets,likeMars.28.Whywasthediscoveryofmicrobesthrilling?A.Becauseitprovesthe2-billion-year-oldrockswereinhabitable.B.Becauseitdiscoverstheoldestknownlivingmicrobesintheworld.C.BecauseitrevealstheworlddeepundertheBushveldIgneousComplex.D.Becauseituncoversa100-million-year-olddepositbeneaththeoceanfloor.29.Whatmadeitpossibleformicrobestosurvive?A.Theextremeweather.B.Themeltingmagma.D.Thediverseminerals.C.Thestableconditions.30.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlyfocuson?A.Themicrobestheydiscovered.C.Theresearchmethodstheyapplied.B.Thediscoveriestheymade.D.Theorganismstheymixed.31.Whatmaytheseancientmicrobeshelpresearcherstolearninthefuture?A.TheinhabitabilityoftheMars.B.Thesignsoflifeinsevereconditions.D.Theemergenceandevolutionoflife.C.TheDNAandproteinsofotherspecies.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述科學(xué)家在南非深地下發(fā)現(xiàn)了高齡微生物的驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)，該發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)理解生命在極端環(huán)境中的生存、地球上生命的起源與進(jìn)化，以及尋找其他星球上的生命具有重要意義?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ScientistshavemadeanamazingdiscoverydeepundergroundinSouthAfrica.Theyfoundtinylivingcreaturescalledmicrobesinarockestimatingtobe2billionyearsold!...Thisfindingisveryexcitingbecauseitshowstheoldestknownlivingmicrobesfoundinsuchextremeconditions,mucholderthan第11頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)anyothermicrobesfoundbefore.(20億年前的巖石中！……這一發(fā)現(xiàn)令人興奮，因?yàn)樗@示了在極端條件下發(fā)現(xiàn)的最古老的已知活微生物，比先前發(fā)現(xiàn)的其他微生物要古老得多)”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義在于找到了世界上已知最古老的活微生物。故選B?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Becausetherockshavestayedmostlythesameforbillionsofyears,theycreatedsafelittlespaces,orcracks,wheremicrobescouldliveandthrive.(們形成了安全的小空間或裂縫，這些地方讓微生物可以生存和繁衍)”可知，微生物能生存是因?yàn)榉€(wěn)定的條件保障了安全的生存空間。故選C。【30題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“makesurethatthemicrobestheyfoundwerereallyfromtheoldrockandnotjustsomethingthatgotmixedinlater,thescientistsusedsomespecialtoolstostudythem.Theyusedthreedifferentmethodscalledelectronmicroscopy,fluorescentmicroscopy,andinfraredspectroscopytolookcloselyatthemicrobes’DNAandproteins,andwereabletoshowthatthemicrobeswerealiveandthattheyhadlivedinthatrockforaverylongtime.(們使用了一些特殊工具研究它們。他們使用了三種不同的方法，即電子顯微鏡、熒光顯微鏡和紅外光譜法，從而詳細(xì)觀(guān)察了微生物的DNA間)可知，第4段主要討論了科學(xué)家通過(guò)使用不同的研究方法來(lái)驗(yàn)證微生物的真實(shí)性。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Findingtheseancientmicrobeshelpsscientistsunderstandhowlifecanexisteveninextremeconditions.Theresearchershopethatbystudyingtheseancientmicrobes,theycanlearnmoreabouthowlifebeganonEarthandhowitevolvedovertime.(發(fā)現(xiàn)這些古老的微生物幫助科學(xué)家了解生命如何在極端條件下存在。研究人員希望通過(guò)研究這些古老的微生物，他們可以更多地了解生命在地球上的起源以及隨著時(shí)間的推移如何進(jìn)化)可知，這些古老的微生物可以幫助科學(xué)家了解生命的起源和進(jìn)化過(guò)程。故選D。DAspectsofyourpersonalitycanberevealedinaheartbeat,literally,anewstudyfromGermanysuggests.Thestudyidentifiedheartbeat“signatures”—wavepatternsintheheart'selectricalactivity—thatwerelinkedwithpersonalitytraits.Peoplewithcertainheartbeatsignaturesscoredhigherontestsofneuroticism(神經(jīng)過(guò)敏)—meaningthese第12頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)individualstendtoexperiencemorenegativeemotions,suchasanxietyandadepressedmood,andfewerpositiveemotions,includinghappinessandcheerfulness.Thestudyinvolved425universitystudentsages18to33.Thestudentscompletedpersonalitytests,andhadtheirheartelectricalactivitymeasuredusingelectrocardiography(心電圖).thismethod,wehavefoundsomethingthatisperhapsmoreaccurate,andmorerelatable,thanmanyothermeasuresofpersonality,”saidstudyresearcherStefanKoelsch,aprofessorofbiologicalpsychologyattheFreieUniversityBerlin.Theresultssuggestsuchheartbeatsignaturesmayprovideamoreobjectivewaytomeasurepersonalitythancurrentmethods,theresearcherssay.Personalityiscommonlyassessedusingquestionnaires,butthesemayfrombias—peoplemaychooseresponsesthattheythinkaremoreacceptablefortheirgender,ortheymaymisunderstandtheirowntraits.Researchersmayalsobeabletoidentifyheartbeatsignaturesthatarecharacteristicofcertainemotionaldisorders,suchasdepression,orofcardiovasculardiseases,Koelschsaid.Suchsignaturescouldonedayhelpdiagnosethesedisorders,oridentifypeopleatriskforthem,hesaid.Previously,Koelschandcolleaguesfoundalinkbetweencertainheartelectricalactivitypatternsandpeoplewith“cold”personalities,whotendnottoshowemotion.Inthenewstudy,similarpatternswereseenamongthosewithhighscoresinneuroticismandlowscoresinpositiveemotion,likecompassionandempathy.AlthoughKoelschsuspectsthatthistypeofelectricalpatternisnotparticularlyhealthy,futureresearchisneededtoconfirmthis.Eventually,Koelschhopestobeabletoseewhethercertaininterventions,suchaslisteningtomusicorwatchingfilms,changeemotionalstatesandtheheart'selectricalactivity,hesaid.32.Whatdoes“signatures”refertoinParagraph1?A.Thescoresofneuroticismtests.C.Theresearchers’writtennames.B.People’spersonalitytraits.D.Thewavepatternsofyourheart.33.Whatdoresearchersthinkaboutthecommonassessmentofpersonality?A.Itismoreobjectiveandmuchhealthier.B.Itislikelytobeprejudicedandmisunderstood.C.Itisbasedonheartelectricalactivitymeasures.D.Itismoreaccurateandmorerelatabletopeople.34.Accordingtothestudy,whatcanbelearnedabout“cold”people?A.Theytendtoscorelowerinneuroticismtests.B.Theytendtofromcardiovasculardisease.第13頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)C.Theytendtobelesscompassionateandempathetic.D.Theytendtogainhigherdegreesinpositiveemotions.35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Heartbeatshintyourpersonalitytraits.B.Heartbeatsignatureshealdepression.C.Heartbeatschangeyouremotionalstates.D.Heartbeatsindicatestheelectricalactivity.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了通過(guò)心電圖檢測(cè)心跳“簽名”模式可以揭示個(gè)性特征，并可能用于診斷情感障礙或心血管疾病?！?2題詳解】Thestudyidentifiedheartbeat“signatures”—wavepatternsintheheart’selectricalactivity—thatwerelinkedwithpersonalitytraits.(這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了與個(gè)性特征相關(guān)的心跳“簽名”——即心電活動(dòng)中的波形模式)”可知，心跳“簽名”指的是“心電活動(dòng)中的波形模式”。故選D。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Personalityiscommonlyassessedusingquestionnaires,butthesemayfrombias—peoplemaychooseresponsesthattheythinkaremoreacceptablefortheirgender,ortheymaymisunderstandtheirowntraits.(們認(rèn)為更適合自己性別的答案，或者他們可能會(huì)誤解自己的特征)”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為常見(jiàn)的性格評(píng)估可能存在偏見(jiàn)和誤解。故選B。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Previously,Koelschandcolleaguesfoundalinkbetweencertainheartelectricalactivitypatternsandpeoplewith“cold”personalities,whotendnottoshowemotion.Inthenewstudy,similarpatternswereseenamongthosewithhighscoresinneuroticismandlowscoresinpositiveemotion,likecompassionandempathy.(此前，Koelsch及其同事發(fā)現(xiàn)，某些心電活動(dòng)模式與具有“冷漠”個(gè)性的人之間存在聯(lián)系，這些人往往不表露情感。在新的研究中，類(lèi)似的模式也在那些神經(jīng)質(zhì)得分較高、積極情緒（如同)選C。【35題詳解】第14頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Aspectsofyourpersonalitycanberevealedinaheartbeat,literally,anewstudyfromGermanysuggests.Thestudyidentifiedheartbeat“signatures”—wavepatternsintheheart'selectricalactivity—thatwerelinkedwithpersonalitytraits.(德國(guó)的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，你的人格特質(zhì)可以實(shí)實(shí)在在地通過(guò)心跳展現(xiàn)出來(lái)。該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了與人格特質(zhì)相關(guān)的心跳“簽名”——即心電活動(dòng)中的波形模式)”可知，本文通過(guò)介紹一項(xiàng)德國(guó)的研究，闡述了心跳“簽名”與個(gè)性特征之間的聯(lián)系，并探討了這種方法可用于診斷情感障礙和心血管疾病。故選A。第二節(jié)：共5小題：每小題分，滿(mǎn)分分)HowtoImproveMathSkillsThere’snodoubtthatmathistough.Bybuildingupyourskillsandpracticingeveryday,youcanmakemathalittlelessfrustratingandhaveahigherchanceofsuccess.Usethesetipsandtricksduringschool,whileyou’restudying.in___36___.Forexample,ifasweaterthat’sregularly$38isonsalefor30%whatisthesaleprice?($26.60).Orifyouneedtodoublearecipethatcallsfor3/4cupofflour,howmuchflourwillyouneed?(1.5cups).Or,ifyouplantohikeanewtrailthat’s7mileslongandittakesyou20minutestowalkamile,howlongshouldyouplanforyourhiketotake?(2hoursand20minutes).ifDoingmathinyourheadcanhelpyourememberkeyconcepts.___37___.However,mathbasicslikeaddition,subtraction,multiplication,anddivisionareonesyoucandoinyourhead.Ifyoucomeacrossaneasyproblem,doitinyourmindfirstbeforeresortingtoacalculator.Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourmentalmathskills,youcanalwaysdoublecheckyouransweronyourcomputer.___38___canfindtonsofexampleproblemsonline.Ifyou’regoingoveraconcept,lookitupandtry2to3problemsonyourown.Checktheanswerstofigureoutifyougotthemright,andstudytheconceptagainifyoudidn’t.teachermightalsobeabletogiveyousomeextraexampleproblemsifyouaskforthem.___39___Thiswillgiveyouanoverallsenseofwhatyou’llneedtodotofindthesolutions.Learningbyteachingsomeoneisagreatwaytosolidifyconcepts.Inviteafriendorfamilymemberoverandexplaintothemwhatyou’redoingandhowyou’redoingit.Ifyougetstuck,reviewyournotesortextbookagain第15頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)untilyoucanexplainitclearlyandconcisely.Haveyourfriendorfamilymemberaskyouquestions,too.___40___A.Seekhelpfromyourteacher.B.Practicewithexampleproblems.C.Mathplaysanimportantroleinourlife.D.Makemathpartofyourdailylifetopracticeit.E.toanswerthemasbestasyoucantoreallypractice.F.betteridentifywhichskillsandconceptsyou’llneedtosolvetheproblems.G.Someproblems,likegeometryorcalculus,requireapencilandpapertogetstarted.【答案】36.D37.G38.B39.F40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何提高數(shù)學(xué)技能提出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forexample,ifasweaterthat’sregularly$38isonsalefor30%whatisthesaleprice?($26.60).Orifyouneedtodoublearecipethatcallsfor3/4cupofflour,howmuchflourwillyouneed?(1.5cups).Or,ifyouplantohikeanewtrailthat’s7mileslongandittakesyou20minutestowalkamile,howlongshouldyouplanforyourhiketotake?(2hoursand20minutes).(38美元的毛衣降價(jià)7價(jià)是多少？（26.603/4杯面粉，那么你需要多少面粉呢？（1.5如果你計(jì)劃徒步旅行一條7英里長(zhǎng)的新路線(xiàn)，而你走一英里需要20分鐘，你應(yīng)該計(jì)劃徒步旅行多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？（2小時(shí)20)中。故D選項(xiàng)“讓數(shù)學(xué)成為你日常生活的一部分來(lái)練習(xí)它”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“However,mathbasicslikeaddition,subtraction,multiplication,anddivisionareonesyoucandoinyourhead.Ifyoucomeacrossaneasyproblem,doitinyourmindfirstbeforeresortingtoacalculator.Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourmentalmathskills,youcanalwaysdoublecheckyouransweronyourcomputer.(減法、乘法和除法這樣的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)是你可以在頭腦中做的。如果你遇到一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，在使用計(jì)算器之前，先在心里做一下。如果你擔(dān)心你的心算能力，你可以在電腦上反復(fù)檢查你的答案)”可知，后文提到了可以心算的數(shù)學(xué)類(lèi)型，推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明需要筆算的數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題。故G選項(xiàng)“有些問(wèn)題，如幾何或微積分，需要紙和筆才能開(kāi)始”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“canfindtonsofexampleproblemsonline.Ifyou’regoingoveraconcept,lookitupandtry2第16頁(yè)/共26頁(yè)to3problemsonyourown.Checktheanswe