2023年高考英語(yǔ)真題試卷（新高考I卷）

2023年高考英語(yǔ)真題試卷（新高考I卷）一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀理解BikeRental&GuidedToursWelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemosteconomical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.WhyMacBikeMacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.Withover2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren'sbikes.PricesHandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.00GuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.1．WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?A．Itgiveschildrenadiscount. B．Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.C．Itorganizesfreecycletours. D．Ithasover2,500rentalshops.2．Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A．€15.75. B．€19.50. C．€22.75. D．€29.50.3．Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A．TheGooyer,Windmill. B．TheSkinnyBridge.C．HeinekenBrewery. D．DamSquare.閱讀理解WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina."Ecologicaldesign"isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes."LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,"hesays."Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair."4．WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasfondoftraveling. B．Heenjoyedbeingalone.C．Hehadaninquiringmind. D．Helongedtobeadoctor.5．WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A．Tofeedtheanimals. B．Tobuildanecosystem.C．Toprotecttheplants. D．Totesttheeco-machine.6．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A．ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.C．TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.7．WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?A．Naturecanrepairitself.B．Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C．LifeonEarthisdiverse.D．Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.閱讀理解Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You'llheartheseparticipants'storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培養(yǎng))asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(獨(dú)處)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.8．Whatisthebookaimedat?A．Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B．Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C．Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D．Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"declutter"inparagraph3mean?A．Clear-up. B．Add-on. C．Check-in. D．Take-over.10．Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?A．Theoreticalmodels. B．Statisticalmethods.C．Practicalexamples. D．Historicalanalyses.11．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?A．Usethemasneeded. B．Recommendthemtofriends.C．Evaluatetheireffects. D．Identifytheideasbehindthem.閱讀理解OnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhichillustratedwhathascometobeknownasthe"wisdomofcrowds"effect.Theexperimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequiteaccurate.Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren'talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople'sestimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist(轉(zhuǎn)折)onthisclassicphenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn'tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey"sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether."Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.12．Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A．Themethodsofestimation.B．Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.C．Thecausesofpeople'serrors.D．ThedesignofGalton'sexperiment.13．Navajas'studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif________.A．thecrowdswererelativelysmallB．therewereoccasionalunderestimatesC．individualsdidnotcommunicateD．estimateswerenotfullyindependent14．Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?A．Thesizeofthegroups.B．Thedominantmembers.C．Thediscussionprocess.D．Theindividualestimates.15．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardNavajas'studies?A．Unclear.B．Dismissive.C．Doubtful.D．Approving.二、任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PersonalForgivenessTakingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.Toerr(犯錯(cuò))ishuman.16．Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading"Personalstrengths."17．Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading"Actsofkindness."Onthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou'vedoneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithoutbeingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.18．Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.19．Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don'twaituntilyou'vemadeamistaketotrythis—it'sagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.It'ssomethingofacliché(陳詞濫調(diào))thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.Thethingis,it'strue.20．We'reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelopandgrow.A.Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat'shappenedorforgetit.F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.三、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave21．thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her22．camebecauseshewascarryinga23．a(chǎn)crossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher24．whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She25．tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith26．.Shecouldn't.Baileythen27．toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget28．a(chǎn)ttention.Oncethere,Lenouewas29．a(chǎn)ndlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme30．tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey'shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore31．a(chǎn)boutwhyheractisconsideredabig32．."Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn't33．her,"Baileytoldthereporter."IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing."Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe34．,they'vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe35．ofhumankindnesswontheday.21．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished22．A．delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse23．A．judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor24．A．race B．school C．town D．training25．A．a(chǎn)greed B．returned C．stopped D．promised26．A．courage B．a(chǎn)id C．patience D．a(chǎn)dvice27．A．wentaway B．stoodup C．steppedaside D．bentdown28．A．medical B．public C．constant D．equal29．A．interrupted B．a(chǎn)ssessed C．identified D．a(chǎn)ppreciated30．A．hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness31．A．worried B．a(chǎn)shamed C．confused D．discouraged32．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal33．A．leave B．cure C．bother D．understand34．A．ride B．test C．meet D．show35．A．secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange四、語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,36．(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether37．(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出)，38．toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe39．(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolongbao'sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently—moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed40．handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem41．(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof42．(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith43．touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris44．(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft45．(want)morenexttime.五、寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）46．假定你是李華，外教Ryan準(zhǔn)備將學(xué)生隨機(jī)分為兩人一組，讓大家課后練習(xí)口語(yǔ)，你認(rèn)為這樣分組存在問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)你給外教寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.說(shuō)明問(wèn)題；

2.提出建議。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearRyan,I'mLiHuafromClass3.……Yourssincerely,LiHua47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest,Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil,soEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.WritingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:"BecauseIloveyourstories.Ifyou'rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis."Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreedtogiveitatry.IchosePaulRevere'shorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith(銀匠)inBostonwhorodeahorseatnightonApril18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcomestraightfromthehorse'smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny,andunlikelytobeanyoneelse'schoice.Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?Isympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,likeRevere'shorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworkedhard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.Icheckedoutahalf-dozenbooksonPaulReverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher,hereadit,laughedoutloudandsaid,"Great.Now,writeitagain."Iwroteitagain,andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit,thethoughtofwinninghadgivenwaytotheenjoymentofwriting.IfIdidn'twin,Iwouldn'tcare.注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.……Iwenttomyteacher'sofficeaftertheawardpresentation.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．C3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了到阿姆斯特丹旅行時(shí)的租車服務(wù)以及導(dǎo)游服務(wù)。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞從文中尋找答案。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題WhyMacBike下的“Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake(剎車),bikeswithhandbrakeandgears(排擋),bikeswithchildseats,andchildren'sbikes我們提供各種各樣的最新自行車，包括帶腳剎車的基本自行車，帶手剎車和齒輪的自行車，帶兒童座椅的自行車和兒童自行車”，可知MacBike為客戶提供多種類型自行車以供選擇，故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第二列HandBrake,ThreeGears下的信息可知，租兩天帶手剎和3檔自行車的費(fèi)用是14.75+8.00=22.75，故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題GuidedCityTours下的“ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday每天下午1點(diǎn)開始，每小時(shí)整點(diǎn)從大壩廣場(chǎng)出發(fā)”，可知出發(fā)地是DamSquare，故選D?！敬鸢浮?．C5．D6．B7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了約翰利用大自然的自我修復(fù)能力，設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)、驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)、付諸實(shí)施的過(guò)程。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、和主旨題都是常考題型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞從文中找出答案；推斷題需要考生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境推斷出所需要的信息；主旨題則需要考生掌握全文結(jié)構(gòu)和行文脈絡(luò)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注每段的中心句或首句，利用關(guān)鍵詞獲取主旨大意。4．段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“observinghownaturesolvedproblems觀察大自然如何解決問(wèn)題”和“Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking約翰開始懷疑這個(gè)過(guò)程是否可以用來(lái)清理人們制造的混亂”以及第二段中的“askingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?問(wèn)問(wèn)題。為什么某些植物能捕獲有害細(xì)菌?哪些魚類會(huì)食用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)?”，可知約翰喜歡提問(wèn)，故選C。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit生態(tài)機(jī)器里的動(dòng)植物把污泥當(dāng)作食物，開始吃起來(lái)”，可知約翰給容器里放入污泥的目的是為了對(duì)生態(tài)機(jī)器進(jìn)行測(cè)試，故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句話“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs這些年來(lái)，約翰承擔(dān)了許多重大工作”，可知該段提到福州是為了證明約翰的想法在實(shí)踐中起到了很大的作用，故選B。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中約翰的原話“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair你把生物體放在新的關(guān)系中，觀察會(huì)發(fā)生什么。然后讓這些新系統(tǒng)自行發(fā)展自我修復(fù)的方式”，可知約翰的工作的基礎(chǔ)是大自然的自我修復(fù)能力，故選A?！敬鸢浮?．B9．A10．C11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一本旨在幫助讀者遠(yuǎn)離不必要的網(wǎng)上活動(dòng)的書?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推理判斷題和詞義猜測(cè)題兩種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞從文中尋找答案；推理判斷題需要考生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境推斷出所需要的信息；詞義猜測(cè)題需要對(duì)已有信息進(jìn)行加工處理，利用上下文、表示轉(zhuǎn)折、并列或因果的詞、定語(yǔ)從句等信息推斷出詞的意思。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism……andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou這本書的目的是為數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義提供案例，……然后教你如何采用這種哲學(xué)，如果你認(rèn)為它適合你的話”，可知這本書的目的是倡導(dǎo)簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字生活方式，故選B。9．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的“Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays這個(gè)過(guò)程要求你在30天內(nèi)遠(yuǎn)離可選的在線活動(dòng)”，可知作者建議的方法是30天內(nèi)遠(yuǎn)離可選的在線活動(dòng)，即“清除clearup”在線活動(dòng)。故選A。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“You'llheartheseparticipants'storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid你將聽(tīng)到這些參與者的故事，了解哪些策略對(duì)他們有效，以及他們遇到的你應(yīng)該避免的陷阱”，可知在第一部分的最后章節(jié)里作者呈現(xiàn)了很多的實(shí)例，故選C。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances你可以把這些做法看作是一個(gè)工具箱，旨在幫助你努力建立一個(gè)適合你特殊情況的極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式”，可知作者建議讀者把文中的實(shí)踐付諸于自己的實(shí)際生活，故選A?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．D14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了英國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家在1907年3月7日出版的一本關(guān)于"群體智慧"效應(yīng)的書，并對(duì)這一理論進(jìn)行了介紹?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。推斷題、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題和主旨題從題型上看屬于有難度的題型，推斷題和觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題需要考生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，推斷出所需要的信息；主旨題，則需要考生掌握全文結(jié)構(gòu)和行文脈絡(luò)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注每段的中心句或首句，利用關(guān)鍵詞獲取主旨大意。12．段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefact……這種效應(yīng)利用了事實(shí)……"、"Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate有些人傾向于高估，有些人傾向于低估"和"henenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether然后把足夠多的誤差平均起來(lái)"以及"Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors如果人們是相似的，容易犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤"，可知該段落主要是探討了一些假設(shè)和推斷，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知即是這種效果的潛在邏輯，故選B。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals這項(xiàng)研究的關(guān)鍵發(fā)現(xiàn)是，當(dāng)人群被進(jìn)一步分成更小的群體并允許進(jìn)行討論時(shí)，這些群體的平均值比同樣數(shù)量的獨(dú)立個(gè)體的平均值更準(zhǔn)確"，可知即使估計(jì)值不是完全獨(dú)立的，平均精度也會(huì)提高，故選D。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion在對(duì)100名大學(xué)生的后續(xù)研究中，研究人員試圖更好地了解小組成員在討論中實(shí)際做了什么"，可知后續(xù)研究的焦點(diǎn)是討論的過(guò)程，故選C。15．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話"AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous雖然納瓦哈人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究有局限性，還有許多問(wèn)題，但對(duì)小組討論和決策的潛在影響是巨大的"，可知作者對(duì)Navaja的研究是持支持態(tài)度的，故選D?！敬鸢浮?6．D；17．B；18．F；19．C；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了幾種自我原諒的方法。

A.一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的自我原諒也會(huì)有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。

B.現(xiàn)在列出所有你喜歡自己的特點(diǎn)。

C.他們甚至可能想嘗試一下做這個(gè)練習(xí)。

D.寬恕自己也同樣重要。

E.這并不意味著你必須忽略發(fā)生的事情或忘記它。

F.不管它是什么，不管它看起來(lái)有多小，把它寫下來(lái)。

G.不管你犯了什么錯(cuò)誤，記住這不是你性格中固定的一面。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】七選五的答案選項(xiàng)較少，并且給出的都是句子，因此，我們可以通過(guò)句子的完整性或者句子后面的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符合來(lái)判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外，通過(guò)閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全同意思的句子，這樣的話就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。16．空格后的句子"Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis你可以使用下面的寫作練習(xí)來(lái)幫助你做到這一點(diǎn)"中的this指代的內(nèi)容與選項(xiàng)D相符合，且該選項(xiàng)與空格前句句意連貫，即"人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)。原諒自己很重要"，故選D。17．根據(jù)空格前的"Personalstrengths個(gè)人優(yōu)點(diǎn)"和空格后句中"justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof只是你個(gè)性中讓你引以為傲的方面"，可知空格處應(yīng)是與個(gè)人表現(xiàn)好的方面有關(guān)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知選項(xiàng)B中的thecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself與該段意思契合，使上下文通順、連貫，故選B。18．根據(jù)該段的關(guān)鍵詞"Actsofkindness善舉"，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)與空格前的"幫朋友完成作業(yè)、熨衣服、烤餅干"，可知選項(xiàng)F"不管它是什么，不管它看起來(lái)有多小，把它寫下來(lái)"與上文銜接緊密，故選F。19．選項(xiàng)C中的they指代空格前句中的afriendorfamilymember，并且空格后的"Thatway,youcouldexchangethoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough這樣，你們就可以交換想法，談?wù)勈鞘裁醋屇銈兠總€(gè)人都與眾不同，以及你們個(gè)性中閃耀的方面"與選項(xiàng)C意思連貫，故選C。20．空格后句"We'reallchangingandlearningallthetime我們一直都在變化和學(xué)習(xí)"，與選項(xiàng)G中的"isn'tafixedaspect不是一個(gè)固定的方面"相匹配，故選G?！敬鸢浮?1．D；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．C；26．B；27．D；28．A；29．B；30．B；31．C；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了在一次越野賽中，貝利為了幫助受傷的Lenoue，而放棄早點(diǎn)結(jié)束比賽的故事，告訴人們：雖然他們?cè)诒荣愔惺×?，但是他們所表現(xiàn)出的善良為她們贏得了比賽。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空。答題時(shí)首先要跳過(guò)空格，通讀文章掌握大意。然后細(xì)讀文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考慮句型、語(yǔ)法、搭配、語(yǔ)境等因素。最后通讀一遍檢查驗(yàn)證。21．句意：梅勒妮·貝利應(yīng)該比更早完成進(jìn)程。A.designed設(shè)計(jì)；B.followed跟隨；C.changed改變；D.finished完成。上句提到，貝利參加了越野賽跑，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，此處應(yīng)是她本應(yīng)該更早地完成比賽的，故選D。22．句意：她的延遲是因?yàn)樗持幻?jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手沖過(guò)終點(diǎn)線。A.delay延遲；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.trouble麻煩；D.excuse借口。根據(jù)上句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞shouldhavefinished，可知貝利沒(méi)能早些完成比賽，所以此處應(yīng)是她延遲完成了比賽，故選A。23．句意：她的延遲是因?yàn)樗持幻?jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手沖過(guò)終點(diǎn)線。A.judge裁判；B.volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同學(xué)；D.competitor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。根據(jù)上句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞shouldhavefinished，可知貝利沒(méi)能早些完成比賽，根據(jù)下文可知，未能早些完成比賽是因?yàn)樗持硪粋€(gè)參賽者到達(dá)終點(diǎn)，故選D。24．句意：據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)匾患覉?bào)紙報(bào)道，當(dāng)貝利跑到三分之二多的時(shí)候，她前面的一名選手開始痛苦地哭泣。A.race比賽；B.school學(xué)校；C.town城鎮(zhèn)；D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)上文，貝利參加越野賽race，故選A。25．句意：她停下來(lái)幫助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。A.agreed同意；B.returned返回；C.stopped停止；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)下文，貝利背著因劇痛無(wú)法完成比賽的DanielleLenoue到達(dá)終點(diǎn)，所以此處是她停下來(lái)幫助DanielleLenoue，故選C。26．句意：Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwithaid。A.courage勇氣；B.aid幫助；C.patience耐心；D.advice建議。根據(jù)空格前的tookherarm，可知貝利試圖給予DanielleLenoue幫助，幫她完成比賽，故選B。27．句意：然后貝利彎下腰，讓勒諾爬到她的背上，一路抱著她走到終點(diǎn)線，然后又走了300英尺，到勒諾接受治療的地方。A.wentaway走開；B.stoodup站起；C.steppedaside走一邊；D.bentdown彎腰。根據(jù)空格后的letLenoueclimbontoherback，可知貝利需要彎下腰，故選D。28．句意：然后貝利彎下腰，讓勒諾爬到她的背上，一路抱著她走到終點(diǎn)線，然后又走了300英尺，到勒諾接受治療的地方。A.medical醫(yī)學(xué)的；B.public公共的；C.constant持續(xù)的；D.equal平等的。根據(jù)第9空格后的andlatertakentoahospital，可知貝利幫助DanielleLenoue獲得了醫(yī)學(xué)護(hù)理，故選A。29．句意：勒諾在那里接受了檢查，后來(lái)被送往醫(yī)院，在那里她得知自己的一個(gè)膝蓋受了重傷。A.interrupted打斷；B.assessed評(píng)估；C.identified確認(rèn)；D.appreciated感激。根據(jù)空格后的latertakentoahospital，可知醫(yī)生在DanielleLenoue被送去醫(yī)院前，應(yīng)是對(duì)她的傷勢(shì)進(jìn)行了評(píng)估，故選B。30．句意：如果沒(méi)有貝利的幫助，她可能會(huì)在極度的痛苦中掙扎著到達(dá)那個(gè)援助檢查站。A.hunger饑餓；B.pain疼痛；C.cold感冒；D.tiredness疲倦。根據(jù)句意，結(jié)合下文提到的"Shewasjustcrying"，可知如果沒(méi)有貝利的幫助，Lenoue需要忍受巨大的痛苦才能完成比賽，故選B。31．句意：至于貝利，她更困惑的是為什么她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.ashamed羞恥的；C.confused困惑的；D.discouraged泄氣的。根據(jù)第13空后的"IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing我覺(jué)得我做的是對(duì)的"，可知貝利認(rèn)為這沒(méi)什么大不了的，而且她對(duì)于別人認(rèn)為這是一件了不起的事的想法感到困惑不解，故選C。32．句意：至于貝利，她更困惑的是為什么她的行為被認(rèn)為是一件大事。A.game比賽；B.problem問(wèn)題；C.lesson教訓(xùn)；D.deal交易。abigdeal是固定短語(yǔ)，意"了不起的事"，故選D。33．句意：我不能留下她。A.leave離開；B.cure治愈；C.bother打擾；D.understand理解。貝利表示，Lenoue一直在哭，她不能置之不理，故選A。34．句意：雖然這兩個(gè)年輕女子在見(jiàn)面之前是陌生人，但后來(lái)她們成了朋友。兩人都沒(méi)有贏得比賽，但人類的善良贏得了勝利。A.ride騎；B.test測(cè)試；C.meet見(jiàn)面；D.show展示。根據(jù)上下文，可知貝利和Lenoue是第一次見(jiàn)面，所以在這次見(jiàn)面前她們是陌生人，故選C。35．句意：雖然這兩個(gè)年輕女子在見(jiàn)面之前是陌生人，但后來(lái)她們成了朋友。兩人都沒(méi)有贏得比賽，但人類的善良贏得了勝利。A.secret秘密；B.display展示；C.benefit益處；D.exchange交換。通過(guò)貝利與Lenoue的故事，他們所展示出的善良舉止贏得了人們的關(guān)注，故選B?！敬鸢浮?6．tasty；37．tobite；38．or；39．recognized；40．by；41．tobelifted；42．their；43．a(chǎn)；44．rarely；45．wanting【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了小籠包這一傳統(tǒng)美食。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空。本題考點(diǎn)涉及名詞、定語(yǔ)從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、副詞、冠詞、形容詞、介詞、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)等知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查。要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。36．句意：小籠包(湯包)，那些精致的餃子皮，包裹著熱騰騰的美味湯和甜甜的鮮肉，是我最喜歡的中國(guó)街頭小吃。根據(jù)空格后的名詞soup，結(jié)合"形容詞+名詞"結(jié)構(gòu)，可知空格處需要填入形容詞修飾名詞soup，故填tasty。37．句意：要吃小籠包，你必須決定是先在上面咬一個(gè)小洞，冒著流出汁水的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，還是把整個(gè)餃子放進(jìn)嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上炸開。與第3空后的toput……構(gòu)成選擇選項(xiàng)，所以形式應(yīng)保持一致，故填tobite。38．句意：要吃小籠包，你必須決定是先在上面咬一個(gè)小洞，冒著流出汁水的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，還是把整個(gè)餃子放進(jìn)嘴里，讓熱湯在舌頭上炸開。與第2空格前的whether構(gòu)成搭配，意"無(wú)論是……還是……"，屬選擇關(guān)系，故填or。39．句意：上?？赡苁枪J(rèn)的湯包之鄉(xiāng)，但美食歷史學(xué)家會(huì)告訴你，鄰近的運(yùn)河小鎮(zhèn)南翔才是小籠包的發(fā)源地。根據(jù)常考結(jié)構(gòu)"冠詞+（定語(yǔ)）+名詞"，可知空格處需作定語(yǔ)，結(jié)合所給動(dòng)詞，可知recognized可作定語(yǔ)，意"公認(rèn)的"，故填recognized。40．句意：在那里，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的制作方式不同——更多的是餃子，更少的是湯，餃子皮是用手壓的，而不是卷起來(lái)的。與空格后的rolled（意"搟的"）意思相反，此處作"手工制作"（byhand），故填byhand。41．句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包都有很好的表皮，可以讓它們從蒸籠里拿出來(lái)，而不會(huì)撕裂或?yàn)⒊鋈魏螙|西。根據(jù)固定短語(yǔ)allowsbtodosth，可知空格處應(yīng)天動(dòng)詞不定式；根據(jù)空格前的代詞them與空格處的不定式之間的被的關(guān)系（意"小籠包從籠屜中被拿出來(lái)"），可知空格處應(yīng)使用不定式的被動(dòng)形式，故填tobelifted。42．句意：除了南翔，最好的小籠包都有很好的表皮，可以讓它們從蒸籠里拿出來(lái)，而不會(huì)撕裂或?yàn)⒊鋈魏螙|西。根據(jù)空格后的名詞contents，可知空格處應(yīng)使用形容詞性物主代詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞，故填their。43．句意：肉應(yīng)該是新鮮的，有一點(diǎn)甜味，湯應(yīng)該是熱的，清澈的，美味的?？崭窈蟮拿~touch是可數(shù)名詞，所以空格處應(yīng)是修飾、限定該名詞的成分，結(jié)合句意，此處表示泛指，意"一種……的味道"，故填a。44．句意：無(wú)論我在哪里買，一蒸籠都不夠用，而兩蒸籠又顯得太貪心了，所以我總是想下次再買?？崭袂昂蟮南祫?dòng)詞is和形容詞enough構(gòu)成完整的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，所以空格處應(yīng)使用副詞修飾形容詞，故填rarely。45．句意：無(wú)論我在哪里買，一蒸籠都不夠用，而兩蒸籠又顯得太貪心了，所以我總是想下次再買。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)10(want)morenexttime作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，與主語(yǔ)I構(gòu)成主動(dòng)的關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)使用V-ing形式，故填wanting。46．【答案】DearRyan,I'mLiHuafromClass3.Ithinkit'snotagoodideatorandomlypairupstudentsforthespokenEnglishtrainingafterclass.Thereasonsareasfollows.Tobeginwith,randomlypairingupstudentsmayleadtounbalancedlanguageabilitieswithinthegroups.Thiscanholduptheprogressofstudentsasthemoreadvancedonemaydominatetheconversation,leavinglittleroomfortheotherstudentstoimprove.Besides,studentsmayfeeluncomfortableorlessmotivatedifpairedwithsomeonewhotheydon'tgetalongwithorhavedifficultycommunicatingwith.Mysuggestionistogroupstudentsbasedontheirlanguageabilitiesortoletstudentschoosetheirownpartn