考研英語二模擬試題及答案解析五

考研英語二模擬試題及答案解析（5）

（1~20/共20題）SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

（）

Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkA,BzCorD

onANSWERSHEET1.

WarrenBuffett,whowillhostBerkshireHathaway'sannualshareholders7meetingonMay3rd,is

aniconofAmericancapitalism.At83,healsoepitomizesastrikingdemographic_1_:forhighly

skilledpeopletogoonworkingwellinto_2_wasoncethoughttobeoldage.Acrosstherich

world,well-educatedpeople_3_worklongerthantheless-skilled.Some65%ofAmericanmen

aged62-74withaprofessionaldegreeareinthe_4_,comparedwith32%ofmenwithonlya

high-schoolcertificate.IntheEuropeanUnionthepatternissimilar.

This_5_ispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewell-educated_6_andtheunsk川edpoor

thatisslicing_7_allagegroups.Rapidinnovationhasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilled

while_8_thoseoftheunskilled.Thoseatthetopareworkinglongerhourseachyearthan

thoseatthebottom._9_thewell-qualifiedareextendingtheirworkinglives,comparedwith

thoseofless-educatedpeople.The_10_,forindividualsandsociety,areprofound.

Theworldisonthe_11_riseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthanever

before._12_thenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmost

double,from600mto1.1billion.The_13_ofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity

translatedintomoreyearsinretirement_14_moreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmany

observersthatthisshiftwill_15_slowereconomicgrowthand"secularstagnation",while

the_16_ranksofpensionerswillbustgovernmentbudgets.

Butthenotionofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandthe_17_oldmissesanew

trend,the_18_gapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.Employmentratesarefallingamong

youngerunskilledpeople,_19_olderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.Thedivideismostextreme

inAmerica,wherewell-educatedbaby-boomersare_20_retirementwhilemanyless-skilled

youngerpeoplehavedroppedoutoftheworkforce.

第1題

A.sight

B.trend

C.sign

D.track

第2題

A.what

B.that

C.when

D.where

第3題

A.decreasingly

B.incidentally

C.desperately

0.increasingly

第4題

A.house

B.college

C.workforce

0.retirement

第5題

A.gap

B.similarity

C.concept

□.phenomenon

第6題

A.healthy

B.well-off

C.bright

D.elderly

第7題

A.into

B.among

C.from

□.through

第8題

A.declining

B.squeezing

C.depressing

0.suppressing

第9題

A.And

B.But

C.So

D.Even

第10題

A.reasons

B.substances

C.consequences

□,causes

第11題

A.interesting

B.exaggerating

C.unsurprising

□.staggering

第12題

A.Over

B.About

C.On

D.Until

第13題

A.result

B.example

C.experience

D.past

第14題

A.apartfrom

B.ratherthan

C.inspiteof

□.regardlessof

第15題

A.turnto

B.leanto

C.tendto

D.leadto

第16題

A.decaying

B.crawling

C.swelling

0.fading

第17題

A.idle

B.rich

C.tired

D.lazy

第18題

A.narrow

B.growing

C.limited

D.vital

第19題

A.since

B.before

C.whereas

0.although

第20題

A.givingup

B.goingagainst

C.drivingaway

□.puttingoff

下一題

（21~25/共20題）SectionIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourterts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or

[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Whathasbeendescribedasthelargesteverransomwareattack—acybercriminalschemethat

locksupcomputerfilesuntilvictimspayaransom-holdstheparadoxicaldistinctionofbeing

bothanoutrageoussuccess(intermsofitsblastradius)aswellasanabjectfailure(intermsofits

haul).Themalicioussoftwarespreadsofarandwide,jammedupsomanyITnetworksand

generatedsomuchpanicandchaosthatthewrongdoerseffectivelyundidthemselves.

OnMay12,theworldawoketothebeginningsofhundredsofthousandsofoldMicrosoft

Windowsbasedcomputerszseizingupastheysubjectedtoamalicioussoftware,appropriately

calledWannaCry.Withinhours,thedigitalepidemiccircledtheglobeliketheSpanishflu,

infectingmachinesrunningoutdatedoperatingsystemsinsome150countries,spreadingacross

numeroushomesandcorporatenetworks.Theattack,whichreliedonpowerfultoolsbelievedto

havebeendevelopedbytheNSAandleakedonlineinAprilbyagroupofhackersknownasthe

ShadowBrokers,wormeditswaythroughbusinesses,hospitalsandgovernments,allofwhich

foundthemselvessuddenlylockedoutoftheirownsystems.

Researchersdetectedthewavequickly,anditwasn'tlongbeforetheypickeduponthe

criminals'self-defeatingmistakes.TheattackersfailedtoassigneachvictimaseparateBitcoin

wallet,researchersnoted,acriticalerrorthatmeanttheywouldnotbeabletoeasilytrack

ransompayments.Theyneglectedtoautomatethemoneycollectioninawaythatwouldscale.

Andthentherewasthematterofthekillswitch.

Nooneisquitecertainwhytheattackerscodedaself-destructbuttonintotheirsoftware,yet

that'spreciselywhattheydid.MarcusHutchins,a22-year-oldsecurityresearcherbasedin

EnglandwhogoesbyMalwareTech,stumbledonthepowerpluglargelybyaccident.Aftertaking

lunchonthatFridayafternoon,heinspectedthemalwareandnoticedaspecificwebaddress

encodedwithin.Curious,heregisteredthedomainforlessthan$11.Thissimpleactstoppedthe

malware,killingthevirus'abilitytospreadandbuyingtimefororganizationstoupgradetheir

softwareanddeployprotections.

第21題

Theransomwareattackhasbeenconsideredavictorybecauseit.

A.cancelsanumberofcomputerfiles

B.successfullyblackmailsmanyusers

C.affectsnumeroususersworldwide

D.causespanicandchaosatlocal

第22題

AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutWannaCry?

A.Itspreadonlythroughdomesticnetworks.

B.ltwasasoftwaredevelopedbytheNSA.

C.ltinfectedcomputersinfewcountries.

D.ltwasdeliberatelycreatedbysomehackers.

第23題

Researchersheldthattheattackwas.

A.critical

B.flawless

C.defective

0.invulnerable

第24題

MarcusHutchinspreventedthemalwarefromspreadingby.

A.pushingtheself-destructbuttoninthesoftware

B.purchasingitsdomainnameaccidentally

C.pullingthepowerplugfoundbychance

0.findingitswebaddressintentionally

第25題

Themostsuitabletitleforthetextis.

A.AnUnsuccessfulMalwareAttack

B.CyberCrime:HardtoPrevent

C.AWidespreadComputerVirus

D.WannaCry:NewMaliciousSoftware

上一題下一題

（26~30/共20題）SectionIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourterts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or

[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

MarionNestle'sheavyweightcriticismagainstCoca-ColaandPepsiCocomesatanoddmoment

fortheindustry.Americansaredrinkingfewersugarysodas-in2012productionwas23%below

whatithadbeenadecadeearlier.Evensalesofdietdrinksarelosingtheirfizz,asconsumers

questionthemeritsofartificialsweeteners.Fromoneangle,itwouldseemthathealthadvocates

suchasMsNestlehavewon.YetinAmericacompaniesstillproduce30gallonsofregularfizzy

drinksperpersonperyear.Inmanycountries,particularlydevelopingones,consumptionison

therise.

MsNestle,aprofessoratNewYorkUniversity,isbothinspiredbyrecentprogressand

dissatisfiedwithit.Thatisnosurprise.Herfirstbook,FoodPolitics,remainsabibleforthosewho

complainaboutthepoweroffoodcompanies.Inhernewbooksheattackstheindustry'smost

widelyconsumed,leasthealthyproduct.SodaPolitics,shesays,isabook"toinspirereadersto

action".Asarallyingcry,itisverbose.Whenreaderslearnonpage238thatshewillpickupa

particularsubjectinchapter25,itiswithnolittledismaythattheyrealizetheyareonlyon

chapter17.Butwhattheauthorwantsmostistocraftadetailedguidetotheproducers'alleged

violation,andhowtostopthem.

MsNestlesaysshewouldhavenocomplaintwithsweetfizzydrinksiftheyweresipped

occasionally,asatreat.However,formillionsofpeopleinmanycountries,theyarenot.InMexico

companiessold372cansoffizzydrinksperpersonin2012.AbouthalfofAmericansdonotdrink

themregularly,butthosewhodoaredisproportionatelypoor;lesseducated,male,Hispanicor

black.10%ofAmericansdownmorethanfourcansaday.

Drinkingalotofsweetfizzydrinksisplainlyunhealthy.UnlikeaBigMac,theyhaveno

nutritionalvalue;nordotheircaloriessatisfyhunger.Onelargestudyfoundthatforeachcan

addedtoapersonzsdailydiet,theriskofdiabetesjumpedby22%.Therearealsolinksbetween

sugarandheartdisease,strokeandcancer.Drinkinglotsofsodasimposesclearcostson

individuals,MsNestleargues,butithasabroadercost,too.Americantaxpayerssubsidizecorn

productionandletthepoorusegovernmentfoodvoucherstobuyfizzydrinks.Moreimportant,

taxpayersfootthehealthbillforthosewhodevelopchronicdisease.

第26題

DietdrinksbecomeunpopularinAmericabecause.

A.onlypoorpeopledrinkthem

B.theycontaintoomuchsugar

C.peopledoubttheyareunhealthy

0.consumersthinktheyareartificial

第27題

InthebookSodaPolitics,MarionNestle.

A.calledforfoodcompaniestoadoptsomemeasures

B.criticizedthefoodindustryandtheunwiseconsumers

C.calledonconsumerstotakeactionagainstunhealthyfood

0.intendedtowriteadetailedguidetotheproducers7violation

第28題

Nestletendstoagreethatdrinkingcolaoccasionallyis.

A.healthy

B.acceptable

C.harmful

□.questionable

第29題

Accordingtothelastparagraph,havingtoomanysodadrinks.

A.canincreasetheriskofdeath

B.willinevitablyleadtodiabetes

C.maybringtheproblemofobesity

D.hassomethingtodowithcertaindiseases

第30題

Theunderlinedword"foot"(Line6,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningto.

A.payfor

B.kickaway

C.lookfor

D.stayaway

上一題下一題

(31~35/共20題)SectionIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourterts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or

[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

ThepastfiveyearshavebeenabadtimetobeataxpayerinEurope.Acrossthecontinent,

governmentshavereliedheavilyontaxrisestocutbudgetdeficits,increasingthetotalburdenby

almost5%ofGDPinFranceandGreece.Butratherthanraisetaxesanyfurther,manycountries

arestartingtocutthem.TheEuropeanCommissionreckonsthattheeurozone'stax-to-GDPratio

stabilisedin2013andisnowfalling.

InJanuaryFranceannouncedplanstocutpayrolltaxesby30billion.ThismonthItalyunveiled

income-taxcutsworth10billionforthoseearninglessthan25,000ayear.ThisweekBritain

proposedtaxcutsformostpeopleonlowormediumincomes.IrelandandSpainarealso

planningtaxcutslaterthisyear.

Lowertaxesmaybepopular,buthowaresuchgiveawaysbeingfinanced?Fewcountrieshave

thescopetoborrowmuchmore.ThecommissionhascriticisedFranceandSpainforrepeatedly

missingtheirdeficit-reductiontargets,thoughitisnottakingactionagainstthem.Italy'shigh

levelofpublicdebt,whichhit133%ofGDPin2013,hasalsolandeditonthecommission'sfiscal

"watchlist".

Instead,mostcountriesplantopayfortheirtaxproposalswithpublic-spendingcuts.Italysays

itwillreducespendingbyanextra7billionthisyearandsaveafurther2.2billionthanksto

loweryieldsonitsdebt—thoughthesefiguresmayproveoptimistic.

Thepoliticianshopethatlowertaxeswillboostgrowth.Aseuro-zonecountriescannotdevalue

orlowertheirowninterestrates,taxcutsareoneofthefewwaysoftrimmingbusinesscostsfast,

saysGuillaumeMenuetatCitigroup.FranceandItalybothhopetoimprovetheircompetitiveness

byreducingthetax"wedge"betweenemployers'costsandwhatworkersactuallytakehome.In

2012thistaxtakereachednearly50%ofthepayrollbillinFranceandItaly,againstanOECD

averageofjust36%.

Someeconomistsdoubtthatcuttingincometax,Italy'sapproach,isthebestwayforward.

Instead,theyfavourslashingEurope'shighemployer-paidsocialsecuritycharges,asFrance

proposestodo.Thiswoulddirectlylowerlabourcosts,encouragingcompaniestohireextra

workersaswellastoincreasetheirinvestment.Thatwouldalsogiveawelcomeboosttogrowth.

第31題

Inthepasthalfdecade,Europeanshavesufferedfrom.

A.lowincome

B.budgetdeficit

C.heavyrevenue

0.familyburden

第32題

Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat.

A.alldomestictaxeswillbecutinFrancesoon

B.taxcutmaybeagoodnewstosomeBritons

C.mostpeopleinItalybenefitfromthetaxcut

D.low-incomepeopleneednztpaytaxinIreland

第33題

FranceandSpainhavebeenblamedfor.

A.borrowingtoomuchdebt

B.failingtopaytheloansback

C.planningtocutdomestictaxes

D.beingunabletoreducetheirdeficit

第34題

Accordingtothelastparagraph,someeconomists.

A.preferItaly'sapproachtoFrance's

B.favourslashingemployers'salaries

C.agreetoreducethecostsofemployees

□.reckonthatcuttingtaxistheonlyway

第35題

Theauthor'sattitudetowardsFrancezsproposalseemstobe.

A.favorable

B.pessimistic

C.doubtful

0.biased

上一題下一題

(36~40/共20題)SectionIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourterts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or

[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Usingtoolsdoesnztmakehumans,dolphins,andcrowssmart.Rather;itzsthestressand

challengeoflivingwithothers-recognizingfriendfromfoe,calculatingwhotodeceiveandwho

tobefriend—thatledtheseandothersocialcreaturestoevolvetheircognitiveskills.That'sthe

gistofthesocialintelligencehypothesis,anideathat'sbeenaroundsince1966.Butdoeshaving

torememberwhoseliceneedpickingactuallyimproveothermentalabilities,likefiguringout

howtoopenalockedboxwithahunkofmeatinside?Anewstudyoffourcarnivores-twosocial

andtwosolitaryspecies—suggeststhatitdoes.

“They'vetakenanimportantissueandtesteditinasimplebutnovelway,"saysRichardByrne,

anevolutionarypsychologistatTheUniversityofSt.AndrewsintheUnitedKingdom,whowas

notinvolvedinthestudy."Theresultsareclear;Thecognitivebenefitfrombeingasocial

carnivoredoestransfer"toamentalabilitythathasnothingtodowithbeingsocial,hesays.

Otherresearchersthinktheresultsaren'tasclear-cut,"Itisimportantandavaluablestepping

stoneinourquesttounderstandhowintelligenceevolved,butlikeallstudies,itisonepieceofa

largerpuzzle,"saysSarahBenson-Amram,azoologistattheUniversityofWyominginLaramie,

whoserecentcomparativestudyof39speciesofcarnivoresreachedtheoppositeconclusion.

Scientistsdevisedthesocialintelligencehypothesistoexplaintheevolutionofthehumanbrain.

Theyzvefoundthatmostsocialspecies(fromchimpanzeestosocialwasps)haverelativelylarge

brainsandarecognitivelysophisticated,adeptatexperimentsdesignedtotesttheirsmarts.But

someresearchersarguethatanotherfactor—achallengingenvironment—mayalsostimulate

cognitiveevolution.Ifso,thenmoresolitaryspeciescouldalsobelarge-brainedandsmartthanks

totheecologicaldifficultiestheyface.

Otherresearchersconcur;butwithcaveats."Theydidfindanicelinkbetweensocialityand

success"onthistask,saysEvanMacLean,acomparativepsychologistatDukeUniversityin

Durham,NorthCarolina.Buthewonderswhattypeofcognitiontheabilitytoopenapuzzlebox

actuallydemonstrates."Itmaybereflectiveoftrialanderrorlearning,insight,orjustofcuriosity

orinterestinnovelobjects."

Thepuzzleboxisalsonotparticularly"ecologicallyrelevant/'tothecarnivores,notes

primatolo-gistFransdeWaalatEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,whowouldliketoseetheanimals

testedonsometypeofpredator-preytask.Still,itis"agoodfirststepandafreshapproachto

theintelligenceofcarnivores,agroupwehaveneglectedfortoolong."

第36題

Accordingtotheauthor,whatdoesnztmakeacrowsmart?

A.Usingwoodenstickstobuildnests.

B.Havingbothfriendsandfoes.

C.Rememberingtobehospitabletoothers.

0.Knowingwhomtodistrust.

第37題

Bysayingthat"'thecognitivebenefitfrombeingasocialcarnivoredoestransfer'toamental

abilitythathasnothingtodowithbeingsocial",RichardByrnemeans.

A.cognitivebenefitshavesomethingtodowithsomementalabilities

B.cognitivebenefitshavenothingtodowithsomementalabilities

C.socialanimalscandevelopsomementalabilitiesthatsolitaryonesdonot

0.socialanimalscandevelopsomementalabilitiesthatarenotinnate

第38題

WhatcanbeinferredaboutSarahBenson-Amramzsopinion?

A.Wehavealargejigsawpuzzletosolve.

B.Wecanpiecetogetherbiggerpuzzlesnow.

C.Wetriedourbesttounderstandcognitivedevelopment.

D.Weshouldmakeanefforttogetthebigpicture.

第39題

Accordingtothepassage,scientistsacceptingthesocialintelligencehypothesismaintain

that.

A.mostsocialanimalsareskilledattacklingcertaintasks

B.hostileenvironmentscontributetoanimals'largebrains

C.solitaryanimalshavelargerbrainsthansocialanimals

D.socialanimalsshouldoccupyfragilehabitatsforevolution

第40題

Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthisarticle?

A.Carnivores7intelligenceisunderestimated.

B.Goodsocialskillsmakeanimalssmarter.

C.Smarts:socialanimalsversussolitaryanimals.

D.Puzzle;Howtosolveitinsidealargebox.

上一題下一題

（4廣45/共5題）PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtertanddecidewhethereachofthestatementsistrueorfalse.ChooseTif

thestatementistrueorFifthestatementisnottrue.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

[A]Neighborhood

[B]ThePriceoftheHouse

[C]YourFinancialSituation

[D]WhatComeswiththeHome

[E]HowMuchPropertyTaxYouPay

[F]HomezsHistory

[G]AnnoyingFactors

Buyingahouseisanexcitingbutscarystep.Homeownershipmeansmakinganinvestmentin

yourfuture,butitalsomeanscommittingtostayput,atleastforawhile.Beforeyoumakethat

commitment,youshouldensureyouaremakinganinformeddecision,andnotonebasedon

howbeautifulthehomeisoryourdesiretobeonyourown.

_41_

Justbecauseyouqualifyforaloandoesnotnecessarilymeanyoushouldtakealoan.Onthe

otherhand,ifyoudonztthinkyoucanqualifyforaloan,youmightbemistaken.Whenyou

considerbuyingahome,sitdownwithaprofessional-aloancounseloratyourbankora

representativefromtheU.S.HousingandUrbanDevelopment,forinstance—anddiscussyour

options.Havetaxandincomedocumentsready,aswellasalistofyourexpensesandacopyof

yourcreditreport.Asktheprofessionaltohelpyougetagoodpictureofyourearnings,expenses

andhowtheywouldchangeifyouboughtahome.

_42_

Abeautifulhomeonseveralacresofgreenyardmightlookappealing,butthatprettypicture

couldbehidingproblemsthatwillcostyouthousandsofdollarsandhoursoflostsleepinthe

longrun.Youshouldfindoutasmuchasyoucanaboutthehomebeforeyoubuy.Evenissues

thathavebeenrepairedcangiveyouinsightintowhatproblemsyoumightbefacingafewyears

downtheroad.Getahomeinspectionandcarefullygoovertheresultswithyourinspector.If

anythinginthehomemakesyoususpicious,don'thesitatetoorderanotherinspectionfroma

differentcompany.

_43_

Awonderfulhomeisn'tmuchgoodifitisinaterriblearea,sofindoutasmuchasyoucan

abouttheenvironmentbeforeyoubuy.Talktopotentialneighborsaboutanyissuestheareahas

beenfacing,andchecktoseeifthereisacommunityassociationorclub.Scannewspaperpolice

blotterstoseeifthereisalargeamountofcrimeinthearea,andinterviewprincipalsand

teachersattheareaschools,ifyouhavechildren.Theaestheticappearanceofthecommunityis

alsoimportant.Youprobablywouldnotwanttomoveintoahomewhereyoursistheonlyhouse

onthestreetthatisnotfallingdown.

_44_

Itiscustomaryforhomeownerstoleavesomemajorappliances,liketherefrigeratorand

dishwasher;whentheyleavethehome,butifyouseeanythingelsethatyoulike,checkifitisfor

sale.Somesellerswon'tmindthrowingtheirfurnitureordecorationsinwiththehomesince

theyaremovinganyway.Also,confirmthelandboundariesandwhetheroutdoorstructures,like

portableshedsandabove-groundpools,willbeincludedbeforeyousignonthedottedline.

_45_

Everyhomehasitsdrawbacks:thethirdstepcreaks,ortheneighbor'scatlikestoloungeon

yourporch.Evenifyouaremovingtoabrand-newhome,thereareboundtobesome

unpleasantfactorsaboutyournewhomeandyournewlocation.However,tryyourhardest

beforeyoubuyyourhometoknowthedifferencebetweensmallunpleasantissuesanddeal

breakers.Visitthehomeyouareplanningtobuyasmanytimesasyoucan;stayovernightif

possible.Lookforanythingthatwouldbotheryouonadailybasis,andifyoufindsomething,

lookforanotherhome.

第41題

第42題

第43題

第44題

第45題

上一題下一題

(l/l)PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsinto

Chinese.(10points)

第46題

Americanworkershavehadnonewsthisgoodforyears.InJuneemployersadded288,000jobs,

bringingthetotalfortheyearto1.4million,thebestsix-monthstretchsince2006.

Unemploymenthassunkto6.1%,thelowestrateinalmostsixyears.Itcouldhitlevelslong

regardedas"fullemployment"withinayear.Help-wantedsignsareexploding,withvacanciesup

by20%sinceJanuary.

Suchaprosperouslabourmarketisusuallythetokenofaboomingeconomy.Notnow.Inthe

firstquartergrossdomesticproductfellby2.9%atanannualrate,theworstshowingsincethe

recession.Thiswasaresultinpartofbadweather.Yetthesecondquarterwillonlybestrong

enoughtomakeupthegroundlostinthefirst.Economistshadthought2014wouldbethebest

yearsincetherecession;withgrowthinthefirsthalfofaroundzero,itisshapinguptobethe

worst._______________

上一題下一題

(l/l)SectionWriting

PartA

第47題

SupposetheStudent'sUnioninyourdepartmentisholdinganend-of-semesterpartyonJuly11.

WriteaninvitationlettertoMr.Black,thedean,andinvitehimtojoinyou.Lethimknowthetime

andplaceandwhatheisexpectedtodoattheparty.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourname.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

上一題下一題

(l/l)PartB

第48題

Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

圖片

_______________上一題交卷

交卷

答題卡

答案及解析

(1~20/共20題)SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorD

onANSWERSHEET1.

WarrenBuffett,whowillhostBerkshireHathaway'sannualshareholders/meetingonMay3rd,is

aniconofAmericancapitalism.At83,healsoepitomizesastrikingdemographic_1_:forhighly

skilledpeopletogoonworkingwellinto_2_wasoncethoughttobeoldage.Acrosstherich

world,well-educatedpeople_3_worklongerthantheless-skilled.Some65%ofAmericanmen

aged62-74withaprofessionaldegreeareinthe_4_,comparedwith32%ofmenwithonlya

high-schoolcertificate.IntheEuropeanUnionthepatternissimilar.

This_5_ispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewell-educated_6_andtheunskilledpoor

thatisslicing_7_allagegroups.Rapidinnovationhasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilled

while_8_thoseoftheunskilled.Thoseatthetopareworkinglongerhourseachyearthan

thoseatthebottom._9_thewell-qualifiedareextendingtheirworkinglives,comparedwith

thoseofless-educatedpeople.The_10_,forindividualsandsociety,areprofound.

Theworldisonthe_11_riseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthanever

before._12_thenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmost

double,from600mto1.1billion.The_13_ofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity

translatedintomoreyearsinretirement_14_moreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmany

observersthatthisshiftwill_15_slowereconomicgrowthand"secularstagnation",while

the_16_ranksofpensionerswillbustgovernmentbudgets.

Butthenotionofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandthe_17_oldmissesanew

trend,the_18_gapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.Employmentratesarefallingamong

youngerunskilledpeople,_19_olderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.Thedivideismostextreme

inAmerica,wherewell-educatedbaby-boomersare_20_retirementwhilemanyless-skilled

youngerpeoplehavedroppedoutoftheworkforce.

第1題

A.sight

B.trend

C.sign

D.track

參考答案：B您的答案：未作答

答案解析：名詞辨析題。［A］sight視野；［B］trend趨勢(shì)；［CJsign標(biāo)志；［D］track軌道。

demographic一詞表示“人口的，人口統(tǒng)計(jì)的"，可與之形成搭配的名詞為“trend”，其余選

項(xiàng)均無法與之搭配，故本題選擇［B］。

第2題

A.what

B.that

C.when

D.where

參考答案：A您的答案：未作答

答案解析：語法結(jié)構(gòu)題。into為介詞，后面的從句為“介賓結(jié)構(gòu)”的賓語從句，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中，that一般不放在介詞后引導(dǎo)賓語從句，故網(wǎng)可以排除。而本空中填入的詞不僅僅引導(dǎo)

賓語從句，還要在從句中充當(dāng)主語,顯然when與where這兩個(gè)詞無法充當(dāng)主語,故排除

唯一符合語法要求的選項(xiàng)為［A］。

第3題

A.decreasingly

B.incidentally

C.desperately

0.increasingly

參考答案：D您的答案：未作答

答案解析：副詞辨析題。［A］decreasingly越來越少地；［B］incidentally偶然地；?desperately

絕望地；［D］increasingly越來越多地。文章上句說“高技術(shù)人才在步入老年之后仍然繼續(xù)工

作?！痹摼浣又f:well-educatedpeople3worklongerthantheless-skilled,由于沒有出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折

詞，故判斷前后兩句表達(dá)的意思相近。上一句的workingwell明顯是正向詞匯，故該空也應(yīng)

填入正向詞匯，唯有［D］符合條件，故本題選擇［D］。

第4題

A.house

B.college

C.workforce

□.retirement

參考答案：C您的答案：未作答

答案解析：詞匯辨析題。［A］house房子；［B］college大學(xué)；［C］workforce勞動(dòng)力；［D］retirement

退休。該句緊接上一句討論，通過數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比強(qiáng)調(diào)越來越多的老年人繼續(xù)工作，前兩句反復(fù)出

現(xiàn)“work”一詞，故該空填入workforce,intheworkforce表示“在工作”。故本題選擇［C］。

第5題

A.gap

B.similari